背景与目的本研究旨在探索细胞毒性T淋巴细胞相关抗原(cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated antigen-4,CTLA-4)、程序坏死因子(programmed death 1,PD-1)和程序坏死因子配体(programmed death ligand 1,PD-L1)在小细胞肺癌(small cell lu...背景与目的本研究旨在探索细胞毒性T淋巴细胞相关抗原(cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated antigen-4,CTLA-4)、程序坏死因子(programmed death 1,PD-1)和程序坏死因子配体(programmed death ligand 1,PD-L1)在小细胞肺癌(small cell lung cancer,SCLC)患者外周血中的分布情况,探索其免疫作用机制并评估其作为生物标志物的临床价值。方法招募290例SCLC患者及60例健康志愿者,收集治疗前和治疗2^(nd)周期末SCLC患者EDTA抗凝血2 mL。应用流式细胞仪检测CTLA-4、PD-1和PD-L1在外周血CD3、CD4、CD8及CD25的分布,分析其与临床病理特征的相关性;采用细胞免疫化学法和流式细胞法检测PD-L1在SCLC细胞系H446中的表达。结果 SCLC患者外周血中CTLA-4^+细胞和PD-1^+细胞水平分别为(1.56±1.24)%和(8.07±3.97)%、CTLA-4在CD3细胞和CD4细胞中的表达水平无明显差异,分别为(4.87±5.18)%和(3.85±2.60)%,均低于PD-1在CD3^+或CD4^+细胞中的表达(26.63±9.04)%和(20.79±9.41)%,与健康对照组相比,SCLC中CD4^+CD25^+CTLA-4^+细胞水平明显升高(1.91±1.27)%vs(7.09±5.09)%,P<0.001;PD-1^+(CD8^+)细胞表达水平明显降低,分别为(22.56±4.21)%vs(11.47±5.85)%,P<0.001。CD4^+CD25^+CTLA-4^+细胞或CD8^+PD-1^+细胞水平与患者的年龄、性别、吸烟状况、临床分期以及是否转移等因素无关(P>0.05)。化疗两周期末CD4^+CD25^+CTLA-4^+和CD8^+PD-1^+细胞的水平对比化疗前明显下降,分别为(5.11±2.60)%vs(6.94±4.91)%;(8.74±3.39)%vs(11.48±5.91)%,P值均<0.000,1,但与无疾病进展生存和总生存无显著相关性。PD-L1高表达于SCLC细胞系H446中并定位在细胞膜和细胞浆,但在外周血中未见表达。结论本研究首次证实SCLC外周血中CTLA4高表达于调节性T细胞中,而PD-1低表达于效应性T细胞,该结果为揭示SCLC免疫监测点免疫逃逸机制提供了理论依据,可能作为一种新的无创性且可实时监测的生物标志物。展开更多
The transfer kinetics of phenol between aqueous phase and N,N di(methyl heptyl) acetaminde (N503) in kerosene has been studied using Lewis cell technique. The effects of the factors including the concentrations of p...The transfer kinetics of phenol between aqueous phase and N,N di(methyl heptyl) acetaminde (N503) in kerosene has been studied using Lewis cell technique. The effects of the factors including the concentrations of phenol in aqueous phase and organic phase, the concentration of N503 in organic phase, the acidity of aqueous phase, the stirring speed and the temperature on the rates of forward and backward extraction of phenol have been examined. The regularity of extraction rate has been obtained. According to experimental results, the rates of both forward and backward extraction of phenol might be controlled by diffusion process. The diffusion step of phenol from aqueous phase to interface for forward extraction and from interface to aqueous phase for backward extraction might be the rate controlling steps.展开更多
INTRODUCTIONThe increased expression of ICAM-1 on a widerange of cells and in the sera of patients withmalignancies, chronic liver diseases andinflammation diseases has been described since thelate 1980s[1-22]. Recent...INTRODUCTIONThe increased expression of ICAM-1 on a widerange of cells and in the sera of patients withmalignancies, chronic liver diseases andinflammation diseases has been described since thelate 1980s[1-22]. Recently rapid progress in studieson expression of ICAM-1 in patients withhepatocellular carcinoma ( HCC ) have beenachieved, including clinical and experimentalresearches[23-31].展开更多
This paper introduces the usage of these functions. It presents the technique of how to program with them to perform the serial communications between a computer and other digital devices by the serial porst in Window...This paper introduces the usage of these functions. It presents the technique of how to program with them to perform the serial communications between a computer and other digital devices by the serial porst in Windows95. The related sample codes of the applications of this technique written in C++ programming language are also given. This technique is applied successfully to receive the data of the radio noise from a frequency monitor.展开更多
The effect of a 0.9 nm Mo interlayer at the interface of Ti film deposited on a Si substrate on phase formation of TiSi2 during annealing has been studied by using transmission electron micro-diffraction technique. Wh...The effect of a 0.9 nm Mo interlayer at the interface of Ti film deposited on a Si substrate on phase formation of TiSi2 during annealing has been studied by using transmission electron micro-diffraction technique. When Ti/Mo/Si was an- nealed at low temperature as 550℃ for 30 mm in Ar ambient, a metastable phase. i.e., hexagonal C40 TiSi2, and the equilibrium phase. i.e., orthorhombic C54 TiSi2, were both detected. The experimental patterns of the C40 and C54 compare well with the simulated ones.展开更多
文摘背景与目的本研究旨在探索细胞毒性T淋巴细胞相关抗原(cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated antigen-4,CTLA-4)、程序坏死因子(programmed death 1,PD-1)和程序坏死因子配体(programmed death ligand 1,PD-L1)在小细胞肺癌(small cell lung cancer,SCLC)患者外周血中的分布情况,探索其免疫作用机制并评估其作为生物标志物的临床价值。方法招募290例SCLC患者及60例健康志愿者,收集治疗前和治疗2^(nd)周期末SCLC患者EDTA抗凝血2 mL。应用流式细胞仪检测CTLA-4、PD-1和PD-L1在外周血CD3、CD4、CD8及CD25的分布,分析其与临床病理特征的相关性;采用细胞免疫化学法和流式细胞法检测PD-L1在SCLC细胞系H446中的表达。结果 SCLC患者外周血中CTLA-4^+细胞和PD-1^+细胞水平分别为(1.56±1.24)%和(8.07±3.97)%、CTLA-4在CD3细胞和CD4细胞中的表达水平无明显差异,分别为(4.87±5.18)%和(3.85±2.60)%,均低于PD-1在CD3^+或CD4^+细胞中的表达(26.63±9.04)%和(20.79±9.41)%,与健康对照组相比,SCLC中CD4^+CD25^+CTLA-4^+细胞水平明显升高(1.91±1.27)%vs(7.09±5.09)%,P<0.001;PD-1^+(CD8^+)细胞表达水平明显降低,分别为(22.56±4.21)%vs(11.47±5.85)%,P<0.001。CD4^+CD25^+CTLA-4^+细胞或CD8^+PD-1^+细胞水平与患者的年龄、性别、吸烟状况、临床分期以及是否转移等因素无关(P>0.05)。化疗两周期末CD4^+CD25^+CTLA-4^+和CD8^+PD-1^+细胞的水平对比化疗前明显下降,分别为(5.11±2.60)%vs(6.94±4.91)%;(8.74±3.39)%vs(11.48±5.91)%,P值均<0.000,1,但与无疾病进展生存和总生存无显著相关性。PD-L1高表达于SCLC细胞系H446中并定位在细胞膜和细胞浆,但在外周血中未见表达。结论本研究首次证实SCLC外周血中CTLA4高表达于调节性T细胞中,而PD-1低表达于效应性T细胞,该结果为揭示SCLC免疫监测点免疫逃逸机制提供了理论依据,可能作为一种新的无创性且可实时监测的生物标志物。
文摘The transfer kinetics of phenol between aqueous phase and N,N di(methyl heptyl) acetaminde (N503) in kerosene has been studied using Lewis cell technique. The effects of the factors including the concentrations of phenol in aqueous phase and organic phase, the concentration of N503 in organic phase, the acidity of aqueous phase, the stirring speed and the temperature on the rates of forward and backward extraction of phenol have been examined. The regularity of extraction rate has been obtained. According to experimental results, the rates of both forward and backward extraction of phenol might be controlled by diffusion process. The diffusion step of phenol from aqueous phase to interface for forward extraction and from interface to aqueous phase for backward extraction might be the rate controlling steps.
基金Supported by the grant from the Guangxi ScienceTechnology Committee, No. 9811003
文摘INTRODUCTIONThe increased expression of ICAM-1 on a widerange of cells and in the sera of patients withmalignancies, chronic liver diseases andinflammation diseases has been described since thelate 1980s[1-22]. Recently rapid progress in studieson expression of ICAM-1 in patients withhepatocellular carcinoma ( HCC ) have beenachieved, including clinical and experimentalresearches[23-31].
基金Supported by the 86 3 High Technology Project of China (86 3-818-0 1-0 2 )
文摘This paper introduces the usage of these functions. It presents the technique of how to program with them to perform the serial communications between a computer and other digital devices by the serial porst in Windows95. The related sample codes of the applications of this technique written in C++ programming language are also given. This technique is applied successfully to receive the data of the radio noise from a frequency monitor.
基金Partly Supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China (No. 19910131370)
文摘The effect of a 0.9 nm Mo interlayer at the interface of Ti film deposited on a Si substrate on phase formation of TiSi2 during annealing has been studied by using transmission electron micro-diffraction technique. When Ti/Mo/Si was an- nealed at low temperature as 550℃ for 30 mm in Ar ambient, a metastable phase. i.e., hexagonal C40 TiSi2, and the equilibrium phase. i.e., orthorhombic C54 TiSi2, were both detected. The experimental patterns of the C40 and C54 compare well with the simulated ones.
