Effect of locking compression plate internal fixation on the injury extent and bone metabolism of Robinson 2A and 2B middle clavicular fractures

Objective:To investigate the effect of locking compression plate internal fixation on the injury extent and bone metabolism of Robinson 2A and 2B middle clavicular fractures.Methods:Totally 80 cases of patients with Robinson 2A and 2B middle clavicular fractures admitted to our hospital between March 2017 and January 2019 were divided into the control group(n=41)receiving conventional kirschner wire internal fixation and the observation group(n=39)receiving locking compression plate internal fixation according to the operation plans.The differences in serum contents of inflammatory factors,oxidative stress indexes and bone metabolism indexes were compared between the two groups of patients before patients entered operating room,24 h after surgery and 48 h after surgery.Results:Before patients entered operating room,there were no statistically significant differences in the serum contents of inflammatory factors,oxidative stress indexes or bone metabolism indexes between the two groups(P>0.05).At 24 h and 48 h after surgery,serum inflammatory factors interleukin-1(IL-1),interleukin-17(IL-17),high-sensitivity C-reactive protein(hs-CRP)and tumor necrosis factorα(TNF-α)contents in the observation group were lower than those in the control group;serum reactive oxygen species(ROS)and lipid hydroperoxide(LHP)contents were lower than those in the control group,while catalase(CAT)and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)contents were higher than those in the control group;serum N-terminal propeptide of procollagen type I(PINP),bone gla protein(BGP)and alkaline phosphatase(ALP)contents were higher than those in the control group,while N-telopeptide of typeⅠcollagen(NTX),C-telopeptide of typeⅠcollagen(CTX)and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b(TRACP5b)contents were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Locking compression plate internal fixation can reduce the postoperative trauma extent and help promote the fracture healing in patients with Robinson 2A and 2B middle clavicular fracture.

Usage of buttress plate internal fixation associated with autografting of fibula and iliac bone for the treatment of distal femoral C_3 type fracture

To assess the effect of using buttress plate associated with antografting of fibula and iliac bone for the treatment of distal femoral C3 type fracture.Methods Seventeen cases of distal femoral C3 type fracture using buttress plate associated with antografting of fibula and iliac bone were analyzed retrospectively.Results All cases were followed up for an average of 24 months（8～55 months）.The average time of octets bridge forming were 4 months（3～5 months） while the average time for bone union were 8 months （6～14 months）.According to Shelbourne rating system,result of all 18 cases were excellent and no malunion,infection were found.Conclusion Buttress plate associated with antografting of fibula and iliac bone is an effective alternative for the treatment of distal femoral C3 type fracture.It can provide more stable fixation to the bone and earlier functional exercises can be achieved.5 refs,3 figs,1 tab.

Internal Fixation of Gunshot Induced Fractures in Civilians: Anatomic and Functional Results of a Standard Protocol at an Urban Trauma Center

Introduction: Despite extensive experience with civilian gunshot fractures or wounds, no consensus exists on a standard protocol to manage these injuries. Many authors recommended immediate debridement, but the optimal timing of internal fixation and the use of antibiotic have not been determined. The purpose of this paper is to present and discuss our experience. Material and methods: In January 2007, a treatment protocol was put in place for the evaluation and management of fractured extremities resulting from civilian gunshot wounds. Sixty-three patients with 64 fractures had been managed by this protocol for gunshot fractures between January 2005 and January 2012. There were 56 male and seven female. Their mean age was 33.1 years (range: 17 - 61 years). Thirteen patients (20.6%) were able to provide a description of the weapon. Only 15 patients had entry and exit wounds. The mean follow-up period was 27 (range, 20 - 58) months. The main factors assessed were the surgical site infection, the fracture union and the functional status. Results: Out of the 63 patients, 14 patients developed a wound infection (five superficial and seven deep infections). Wound infection was significantly associated with associated injuries (p = 0.0388), fractures sites requiring fixation (p = 0.024), the fracture pattern (p = 0.0412), operative modalities (p = 0.0400). There were nine cases (14.1%) of fracture non-union. The mean time to union was 15 weeks (range: 5 - 32 weeks). Five patients developed chronics osteomyelitis. The average SMFA score for all of the patients was 23.8 (range: 0 - 56.3). The mean dysfunctional and bother indexes were 18.3 (range: 0 - 52.7) and 22.6 (range: 0 - 66.1), respectively. The SMFA total score and dysfunction index had a significant correlation based on presence or absence of associated injuries (p < 0.0001). But bother index did not show the same correlation (p = 0.452). The average length of hospital stay was 11.3 days (range: 3 - 64). Conclusion: In civilian’s gunshot induced fractures, internal fixation can be made according to standard protocol, with acceptable result.

Postoperative Fracture Healing Effects of Locking Compression Plate for the Treatment of Limb Fractures

Objectives To study the effects of applying locking compression plates in the treatment of patients with limb fractures on postoperative fracture healing.Methods:115 patients with limb fractures who were treated in our hospital from November 2019 to November 2020 were selected.In order to study the effective treatment method,the random-number table method was used in this study to divide the patients into two groups,namely the experimental group and the control group,and the locking compression plate treatment method and the pure plate and screw internal fixation treatment method were administered respectively to study their clinical application effects.Results:Compared with the control group,patients in the experimental group had a lower incidence of complications,shorter hospitalizations and shorter recovery time.Meanwhile,the experimental group had a better quality of recovery,and all data were significantly different from those of the control group,P<0.05,the intervention effect of the experimental group was better.Conclusion:The application of the locking compression plate in the treatment of patients with limb fractures is more conducive to promoting the postoperative healing of the patients'fractures,reducing the incidence of postoperative complications,and promoting the rapid recovery of patients,which has positive significance for clinical development.

Surgical treatment ofpatients with severe non-flail chest rib fractures

BACKGROUND Many patients have inadequate long-term analgesia,respiratory distress,and hypoxemia due to a long-standing substantial smoking history or the presence of primary pulmonary diseases;analgesic treatment is not valid in these patients.Even if the imaging findings of rib fractures are relatively mild,rib fractures may cause severe position limitation,respiratory distress,and hypoxemia.AIM To investigate the curative effect of surgical treatment for patients with severe non-flail chest rib fractures.METHODS A total of 78 patients from our hospital with severe noncontinuous thoracic rib fractures from September 2016 to September 2018 were enrolled in our study.Thirty-nine patients underwent surgical treatment,and 39 underwent conservative treatment.The surgical treatment group received surgery performed with titanium plates,and the screws were inserted with open reduction and internal fixation.The conservative treatment group received analgesia and symptomatic treatment.The pain scores at 72 h,1 wk,2 wk,4 wk,6 wk,3 mo,and 6 mo were compared,and the SF-36 quality of life scores were compared atthe 3rd and 6th months.RESULTS Pain relief in the surgical group was significantly better than that in the conservative group at each time point(72 h,1 wk,2 wk,4 wk,6 wk,3 mo,and 6 mo after surgery,P<0.001).The SF-36 scores were significantly higher in the surgical group than in the conservative group at 1 mo and 6 mo(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Patients with severe non-flail chest rib fractures have a better quality of life following surgical treatment than following conservative treatment,and surgical treatment is also useful for relieving pain.We should pay more attention to the physiological functions and clinical manifestations of patients with severe rib fractures.In patients with non-flail chest rib fractures,surgical treatment is feasible and effective.

Efficacy of the femoral neck system in femoral neck fracture treatment in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND Controversy remains around the available choices for the internal fixation of a femoral neck fracture.The femoral neck system(FNS)was developed in 2018 and has been widely applied since then as it can provide rigid fixation stability with less damage to the bone mass around the fracture.However,no systematic reviews and meta-analyses have investigated the efficacy of the FNS in comparison with that of traditional internal fixation in the treatment of femoral fractures.AIM To assess the efficacy of the FNS in comparison with that of cannulated compression screws(CCS)in the treatment of femoral fractures through systematic review and meta-analysis.METHODS Five electronic databases(PubMed,Embase,Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials,China National Knowledge Infrastructure,and Wanfang)were searched from the earliest publication date to December 31,2021.Reference Citation Analysis(https://www.referencecitationanalysis.com/)was used to check the results and further analyze the related articles.Controlled trials were included if the FNS was applied for the femoral neck fracture in adults and if it was compared with CCS for the achievement of internal fixation.The measurement outcomes included the required operation time,observed patient’s blood loss,extent of fracture healing,patient’s Harris Hip score(HHS)at the last follow-up,and records of any complications(such as failure of internal fixation,femoral neck shortness,avascular necrosis of the femoral head,and delayed union or nonunion).RESULTS Ten retrospective controlled studies(involving 711 participants)were included in this metaanalysis.The meta-analysis showed that compared with CCS,use of the FNS could not decrease the operation time[standardized mean difference(SMD):-0.38,95%confidence interval(CI):-0.98 to 0.22,P=0.21,I2=93%),but it could increase the intraoperative blood loss(SMD:0.59,95%CI:0.15 to 1.03,P=0.009,I2=81%).The pooled results also showed that compared with CCS,the FNS could better promote fracture healing(SMD:-0.97,95%CI:-1.65 to-0.30,P=0.005,I2=91%),improve the HHS at the last follow-up(SMD:0.76,95%CI:0.31 to 1.21,P=0.0009,I2=84%),and reduce the chances of developing femoral neck shortness(OR:0.29,95%CI:0.14 to 0.61,P=0.001,I2=0%)and delayed union or nonunion(OR:0.47,95%CI:0.30 to 0.73,P=0.001;I2=0%)in adult patients with femoral neck fractures.However,there was no statistically significant difference between the FNS and CCS in terms of failure of internal fixation(OR:0.49,95%CI:0.23 to 1.06,P=0.07,I2=0%)and avascular necrosis of the femoral head(OR:0.46,95%CI:0.20 to 1.10,P=0.08,I2=0%).CONCLUSION Compared with CCS,the FNS could decrease the chances of developing femoral neck shortness and delayed union or nonunion in adults with femoral neck fractures.Simultaneously,it could accelerate fracture healing and improve the HHS in these patients.

Conversion hip arthroplasty for failed nailing of intertrochanteric fracture: Reflections on some important aspects

In this editorial,I present my comments on the article by Solarino et al.Conversion hip arthroplasty,which is an optional salvage procedure performed following unsuccessful fixation of intertrochanteric femur fractures in elderly pati-ents,entails more complex processes and higher rates of operative complications than primary arthroplasty.Hence,it is important to consider the appropriateness of the primary treatment choice,as well as the adequacy of nailing fixation for intertrochanteric fractures.This article briefly analyzes the possible factors contributing to the nailing failure of intertrochanteric fractures and attempts to find corresponding countermeasures to prevent fixation failures.It also analyzes the choice of treatment between nailing fixation and primary arthroplasty for intertrochanteric fractures.

后交叉韧带胫骨附着点撕脱骨折:关节镜治疗中的材料、植入物及内固定技术

背景:治疗后交叉韧带胫骨附着点撕脱骨折的最佳手术技术仍值得商榷。随着关节镜手术的应用与成熟,它在后交叉韧带胫骨附着点撕脱骨折的诊疗中有很大前景。目的:综述关节镜技术在后交叉韧带胫骨附着点撕脱骨折治疗中的应用与进展,包括不同关节镜治疗方法、手术入路、胫骨隧道设计、缝合材料选择以及内固定植入物选择等。方法:通过计算机对中国知网、PubMed、Web of Science及ScienceDirect等数据库中的相关文献进行检索,检索时间为2003年1月至2023年11月,中文检索词为“后交叉韧带,后十字韧带,撕脱骨折,关节镜”;英文检索词为“posterior cruciate ligament,avulsion,fracture,tibia,arthroscopic,operation,fixation,treatment”。共纳入97篇文献进行综述。结果与结论:关节镜技术提供了一种可靠的治疗方式来治疗后交叉韧带胫骨附着点撕脱骨折。根据入路、缝合材料类型以及用于缝合的入路和胫骨隧道数量等不同,关节镜技术可以分为关节镜下缝线固定结合自体移植物增强重建、关节镜下多交叉带缝合桥固定、关节镜下高强度缝线固定以及关节镜下直接前后缝合悬吊固定等几类。在各种研究中,常用的临床结果评估指标包括关节活动度、Lysholm评分、国际膝关节文献委员会评分及KT-2000关节测量仪差等,研究显示关节镜手术后末次随访时上述指标检测结果较术前显著改善,影像学随访结果显示关节镜手术都取得了令人满意的结果。在随访过程中,接受关节镜技术治疗后的各类交叉韧带胫骨附着点撕脱骨折患者都未出现严重并发症,例如创伤性关节炎、神经血管损伤、围手术期伤口感染、血栓形成以及骨折不愈合等。

Quadrilateral plate fractures of the acetabulum:Classification,approach,implant therapy and related research progress

The quadrilateral plate(QP)is an essential structure of the inner wall of the acetabulum,an important weight-bearing joint of the human body,which is often involved in acetabular fractures.The operative exposure,reduction and fixation of QP fractures have always been the difficulties in orthopedics due to the special morphological structure and anatomical features of the QP.Fortunately,there have been many effective methods and instruments developed for QP exposure,reduction and fixation by virtue of the combined efforts of numerous orthopedists.At the same time,each method presents with its own advantages and disadvantages,resulting in different prognoses.It is necessary to have a thorough understanding of the anatomy,radiology and fixation techniques of the QP in terms of patient prognosis optimization.In this paper,the anatomical features,definition and classification of QP,operative approach selection,implant internal fixation methods and efficacy were reviewed.

两种治疗方案对老年人桡骨远端骨折的疗效比较

目的:探讨采用保守治疗和切开复位内固定两种方案对65岁以上老年人桡骨远端骨折(DRF)的疗效。方法:选择我院于2020年6月—2022年2月收治的DRF患者81例,分为手法组(46例)与切开组(35例)。手法组采用骨折手法复位高分子聚酯绷带固定治疗;切开组采用切开复位内固定手术治疗。使用X线片对比患者治疗前后的尺偏角、掌偏角和桡骨高度,以评估治疗情况。统计患者末次随访的改良Mayo腕关节评分(MMWS)、DASH-Chinese上肢功能评分以及并发症,对患者预后评价。结果:两组治疗后尺偏角、掌偏角和桡骨高度较治疗前增加(P<0.05);切开组治疗后尺偏角、掌偏角和桡骨高度高于手法组(P<0.05)。两组治疗后MMWS较治疗前增加,而DASH-Chinese上肢功能评分较治疗前降低(P<0.05);切开组治疗后MMWS高于手法组,而DASH-Chinese上肢功能评分低于手法组(P<0.05)。切开组并发症发生率低于手法组(P<0.05)。结论:切开复位内固定术治疗老年人DRF有明显的临床优势,可以促进患者腕关节和上肢功能恢复。

保留锁骨上神经切开复位内固定治疗锁骨中段骨折

目的探讨保留锁骨上神经切开复位内固定治疗锁骨中段骨折的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析2018年1月至2023年12月武警广东总队医院行切开复位内固定的54例锁骨中段骨折患者的临床资料。根据术中是否保留锁骨上神经分为研究组(26例)和对照组(28例),其中研究组术中游离保护锁骨上神经,对照组术中离断锁骨上神经。观察两组围手术期相关指标及术后6个月Constant-Murley肩关节功能评分、术区皮肤麻木程度和对日常生活影响情况,对比两组手术前后术区皮肤感觉障碍面积的差异。结果研究组手术时间长于对照组(P<0.05);两组切口长度、术中出血量及住院时间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。研究组术后3、6个月术区皮肤感觉障碍面积小于对照组,术后6个月Constant-Murley肩关节功能评分高于对照组,术区麻木程度以及对日常生活影响低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论在锁骨中段骨折切开复位内固定术中保留锁骨上神经,具有减轻患者术后切口周围感觉障碍程度、更好改善术后肩关节功能和日常生活质量的优势。

老年股骨近端骨折围手术期处理流程的研究

目的研究老年股骨近端骨折围手术期处理流程,比较新旧流程体系的合理性以及治疗结果的有效性,不断改进,制定规范、合理的临床围手术期处置流程。方法本研究选取2016年1月—2019年7月包头医学院第三附属医院骨科使用旧有流程的老年髋部骨折患者102例,纳入旧流程组;2019年8月—2022年7月包头医学院第三附属医院骨科使用新流程患者118例,纳入新流程组。同时整理并收集新旧流程实施过程中的患者年龄、性别比例、入院诊断、平均手术等待时间、术中出血量、围手术期输血量,术后髋关节功能评定结果、手术并发症发生例数、平均医疗费用、平均住院时间、并发症加重情况等,通过收集数据进行组间比较,明确新旧流程实施结果。结果新流程组围手术期平均输血量为(257.63±77.24)mL,24 h内完成手术27例,平均住院医疗费用为(41602.6±11878.49)元,优于旧流程组的(333.33±135.22)mL、5例(、51790.49±15744.51)元,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论新流程的实施可以有效缩短手术等待时间,缩短该类患者的平均住院日,有效降低围手术期用血量,降低住院期间医疗支出,提高24 h内手术完成率,是行之有效的围手术期处置流程。

下肢骨折内固定手术配合手术室护理的临床疗效观察

要目的:探讨下肢骨折内固定手术配合手术室护理的临床疗效。方法:选取该院2019年12月—2022年12月收治的84例下肢骨折内固定手术患者为研究对象,按照随机数字表法将其分为对照组与观察组,各42例。对照组实施常规护理服务,观察组配合手术室护理。比较2组患者的临床相关指标、疼痛评分、下肢运动功能、日常生活能力、生活质量、护理满意度及并发症发生情况。结果:观察组手术、骨折愈合、下地及住院时间均短于对照组,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。护理后,观察组疼痛视觉模拟评分低于对照组,下肢运动功能、日常生活能力及生活质量评分均高于对照组,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组并发症发生率为4.80%,低于对照组的21.40%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组护理满意度为97.60%,高于对照组的83.3%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:对于接受内固定手术治疗的下肢骨折患者来说,手术室护理配合是一种较为理想的护理方法,可以缩短手术时间及术后恢复时间,在减少并发症的同时改善了患者的疼痛情况、下肢运动能力及日常生活能力与生活质量。

不同手术入路对椎弓根内固定手术治疗胸腰椎骨折效果的影响

目的:探究不同手术入路椎弓根内固定手术治疗胸腰椎骨折的效果。方法:选取2021年9月~2023年9月期间本院收治的84例胸腰椎骨折患者作为研究对象。随机将患者分为对照组和观察组,每组各42例。两组均行椎弓根内固定手术。对照组经肌间隙入路行椎弓根内固定术。观察组经皮入路行椎弓根内固定术。观察对比两组的手术情况、并发症发生情况、疼痛程度[疼痛视觉模拟量表(Visual analogue scales,VAS)]、伤椎恢复情况[功能障碍Oswestry功能障碍指数(Oswestry disability Index,ODI)、伤椎前缘高度比、伤椎后凸Cobb角]、安全性指标[血清肌酸激酶(Creatine kinase,CK)、肌红蛋白(Myoglobin,MB)、乳酸脱氢酶(Lactate dehydro-genase,LDH)]。结果:观察组的手术时间、术中透视时长、首次下床、住院时间均比对照组显著缩短(P<0.05);观察组的术中出血量及术后24 h引流量均比对照组显著减少(P<0.05)。两组并发症发生率对比无显著差异(P>0.05)。两组术后1 d、出院前VAS评分均比术前呈下降趋势,且观察组术后1 d、出院前VAS评分均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。两组出院前ODI指数、伤椎后凸Cobb角就均较术前下降,伤椎前缘高度较术前上升,但两组间对比无显著差异(P>0.05)。与术前相比,术后当天两组的CK、MB、LDH水平均显著升高,但组间比较无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论:经肌间隙入路与经皮入路椎弓根内固定手术在治疗胸腰椎骨折中都具有安全性、有效性,但经皮入路创口较小,更有利于术后恢复,且术后疼痛感更轻。

桡骨远端冠状位骨性结构匹配在桡骨远端骨折治疗的应用研究

目的:探讨冠状位骨性结构匹配(coronal bone structure matching,CBSM)在桡骨远端骨折治疗的临床应用效果。方法:回顾性分析2018年1月至2022年1月治疗的39例桡骨远端骨折患者临床资料,其中男22例,女17例;年龄22~65(48.9±16.3)岁,39例患者均行切开复位钢板内固定术。术后次日复查X线片依据CBSM是否在正常范围内分为匹配组及不匹配组。匹配组27例,男15例,女12例;年龄22~64(48.0±16.2)岁;骨折AO分型,C1型6例,C2型21例;受伤至手术时间1~6 d;合并尺骨茎突骨折9例。不匹配组12例,男7例,女5例;年龄22~65(48.8±15.8)岁;骨折AO分型,C1型4例,C2型8例;受伤至手术时间1~5 d;合并尺骨茎突骨折4例。统计比较两组患者术后3个月桡骨高度、掌倾角、尺偏角及骨折愈合情况,两组患者末次随访腕关节活动疼痛视觉模拟评分(visual analogue scale score,VAS)、腕关节及前臂的活动度。应用Gartland-Werley法评价末次随访腕关节功能优良率并进行组间比较。结果:39例均获随访,时间6~14(9.5±4.3)个月,所有患者术后无切口感染、骨折不愈合、骨折移位发生。末次随访,不匹配组VAS高于匹配组[(2.5±1.3)分vs(1.6±1.0)分]、前臂旋前活动度小于匹配组[(70.5±12.6)°vs(80.5±9.4)°],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组末次随访腕关节活动度(旋后、掌屈、背伸)及腕关节优良率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:桡骨远端骨折患者术后CBSM不匹配,术后容易发生腕关节疼痛及旋前活动受限。

儿童肱骨近端骨折合并肩关节脱位的治疗探讨

目的儿童肱骨近端骨折合并肩关节脱位罕见,临床治疗方式不统一,本文旨在总结此类损伤的治疗经验。方法回顾性分析苏州大学附属儿童医院骨科2017年1月1日至2022年5月31日收治的5例肱骨近端骨折合并肩关节脱位患儿临床资料,总结患儿影像学特征、治疗方案与预后情况。结果5例中,2例予皮肤牵引治疗,3例予手术治疗,均骨折愈合,末次摄片提示肩关节脱位复位良好;随访2~17个月,肩关节活动无受限、无疼痛。结论儿童肱骨近端骨折合并肩关节脱位可先尝试手法复位及皮肤牵引。对于活动不配合且手法复位失败者,可采取麻醉下穿刺抽液后闭合复位克氏针内固定治疗,如闭合复位失败再行切开复位内固定。

掌骨干骨折的治疗进展

掌骨干骨折为临床常见的手部骨折之一,如早期治疗不当,极易影响手部的外观及功能。目前临床上对掌骨干骨折的治疗选择尚未形成统一的指导意见。对于稳定掌骨干骨折多选择保守治疗,其优势主要为无创、医疗费用低,不足之处在于易发生复位丢失。对于不稳定掌骨干骨折临床更多选择手术内固定治疗,其优势在于骨折精准复位并坚强内固定,利于患肢早期行功能锻炼,但存在费用高、二次手术等不足。因此,未来通过多中心、大样本量临床对照研究对外固定方法及手术内固定方法的技术改良仍是掌骨干骨折治疗的重点。

经正前方切口入路治疗儿童股骨颈骨折的疗效分析

目的探讨一种简单易行、创伤小的儿童股骨颈骨折手术入路方法,并初步评估其疗效。方法回顾性分析2017年2月至2023年1月广东医科大学东莞市儿童医院小儿骨科及重庆医科大学附属儿童医院骨科采取切开复位、加压螺钉或克氏针固定治疗的儿童股骨颈骨折患儿临床资料,共13例(14侧,其中1例合并癫痫患儿两侧股骨颈先后相隔6个月发生骨折),男10例、女3例;年龄3.2~8.2岁,平均年龄6.5岁。Delbet分型:Ⅰ型2例(2侧),Ⅱ型9例(10侧),Ⅲ型2例(2侧)。术前均存在明显骨折移位或成角畸形。手术在全身麻醉下进行,于C臂下精准定位,采用正前方切口入路(direct anterior approach,DAA),切开皮肤、皮下组织,钝性游离股直肌近端外侧,并将股直肌近端向内侧牵开,显露髋关节囊前部。对于Ⅱ、Ⅲ型骨折,打开关节囊,助手牵引,直视下复位,打入导针确定无误后打入2枚直径4.0 mm的空心加压螺钉固定;对于Ⅰ型骨折,采用3~4枚直径2.0 mm的克氏针固定。术后髋人字支具或石膏固定6周。术后3个月内患侧避免负重,每个月随访1次,术后6个月拆除内固定。收集患儿切口长度、手术时间、术中出血量、复位以及随访情况。结果患儿平均切口长度3.2 cm,术中未切断任何肌肉,平均手术时间36 min,术中平均出血量12.3 mL。术后X线片均显示解剖复位。13例均获随访,拆除内固定时间为术后6~12个月,平均为术后6.8个月。1例Ⅰ型骨折患儿拔出克氏针后,MRI发现股骨头缺血坏死。结论DAA治疗儿童股骨颈骨折,骨折部位暴露清楚,创伤小,不破坏前方肌肉的完整性,术后功能恢复快,并发症少,是治疗儿童股骨颈骨折的一种简单易行的手术入路方法。

骨科机器人辅助下闭合复位空心钉内固定治疗股骨颈骨折

目的:探讨机器人导航定位系统辅助下闭合复位空心钉内固定治疗股骨颈骨折的临床初步疗效。方法:回顾分析2019年7月至2020年1月36例闭合性股骨颈骨折患者,根据是否采用机器人系统辅助股骨颈骨折内固定手术分为两组。采用机器人系统导航下闭合复位内固定治疗股骨颈骨折16例(导航组),男7例,女9例,年龄25~72(53.61±5.45)岁;骨折Garden分型,Ⅰ型3例,Ⅱ型3例,Ⅲ型8例,Ⅳ型2例。非导航组(对照组):采用闭合复位空心钉内固定治疗股骨颈骨折20例,男8例,女12例,年龄46~70(55.23±4.64)岁;GardenⅠ型2例,Ⅱ型4例,Ⅲ型11例,Ⅳ型3例。对两组患者手术时间、透视次数、导针钻孔次数、螺钉调整次数、术中出血量等指标进行评价。结果:两组术后均获随访,时间12~18(15.6±2.8)个月。两组骨折均愈合,无骨折延迟愈合及骨不连发生。两组愈合时间比较,差异无统计学意义(P=0.782)。末次随访时两组Harris评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P=0.813>0.05)。两组间手术时间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组透视次数、导针钻孔次数、螺钉调整次数、术中出血量比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:机器人导航系统辅助下闭合复位空心钉内固定治疗股骨颈骨折操作微创化,螺钉置入精准化,而且减少医患术中X线照射损害。