Evaluation of climate comfort based on the relationship between the structure and behavior of a block space in a winter city

This paper focuses on climate comfort degree evaluated from relationships between spatial characteristics and behaviors of a winter city.It is demonstrated that the influences of climatic factors on human comfort are remarkably different for different spatial characteristics and functions of the sites.An evaluation method of climatic comfort is propsed,in which attaining comfort is an adaptation process,and the dynamic changes in the process are according to the user’s subjective tendency to the variations of the spatial characteristics and functions of the space.The evaluation criteria are based on both physical and psychological hierarchy needs of a person,which include the spatial form for microclimatic conditions as well as the spatial social-economic characteristics of a site.To improve the local environment of a winter city by planning measurements,the Harbin Central Pedestrian Street is taken as an example in the application of the evaluation method,and different planning optimizing strategies are proposed accordingly.The results show that the pattern of climate comfort is characterized by reflecting the socialeconomic value and individual behavior characteristics.

Temporal Characteristics of Tourism Climate Comfort in Kangding City in Recent 60 Years

Based on the climate observation data of Kangding City in recent 60 years,the changing trends of temperature and humidity index and wind efficiency index in Kangding City are analyzed.The results show that the annual average temperature and humidity index and wind efficiency index of Kangding in recent 60 years showed an upward trend,which is consistent with global warming climate.Temperature and humidity index tended to change from the cold grade to the relatively cold and cool grades,and wind efficiency index changed from the slightly cold wind grade to the cool wind grade.Seen from temperature and humidity index and wind efficiency index,the climate was comfortable and relatively comfortable from May to September,which will become an important climatic reference to attract tourists.

To the Question of the Assessment of Ecological Comfort of the Climate

The article is devoted to the discussion of the advantages of assessing the environmental comfort of the climate,based on the natural features of the climate and the bioclimatic conditions of the territory.The study assessed the ecological comfort of the climate in the city of Taganrog on the basis of the developed original sequence of performing three stages of assessing the totality of bioclimatic indicators with the final calculation of the values of the integral indicator of the bioclimatic comfort of the climate.The results of the assessment showed,according to the average long-term climatic data,the presence of sub-comfortable climates with a tendency to transition to comfortable climate conditions in the warm period of the year.The cold season was distinguished by uncomfortable conditions according to long-term average climatic data.Modeling calculations of the possible risk to the health of city residents in the presence of concentrations of suspended solids in the surface air layer,together with carbon monoxide,exceeding the maximum one-time values by more than 7 times,showed that the development of possible resorptive or carcinogenic effects in these circumstances will occur in 1/3 the population of the city.The prospects for the assessment of the ecological comfort of the climate,which allow in the future to adequately calculate the magnitude of environmental risks to public health caused by pollution of the surface air layer,are shown.

Analysis of the Correlation between Tourism and Climate in the Ancient City of Langzhong

Based on the meteorological data of Langzhong from 1981 to 2016,a comprehensive comfort index model of tourism climate suitable for Langzhong is established by calculating the meteorological and climatic factors affecting tourism in the ancient city of Langzhong.The model is used to evaluate the climate comprehensive comfort of Langzhong,and its grades and suitable tourism periods are divided.Based on the monthly index of passenger flow volume in the ancient city of Langzhong from 2013 to 2015,a mathematical model is established through OLS regression analysis to analyze the correlation between changes in monthly passenger flow volume in a year and the comprehensive comfort of tourism climate in the ancient city of Langzhong.The results show that the climate in Langzhong is suitable for tourism in spring and autumn.It is suitable for tourism from February to June and from September to December,of which it is most suitable for tourism from April to May and from September to October.It is less suitable for tourism in only January and from July to August,and there is no unsuitable period.The changes in monthly passenger flow volume in a year are mainly affected by the meteorology and climate.The changes of climate comprehensive comfort in various month have an extremely significant impact on passenger flow volume.The elastic coefficient of impact of climate comprehensive comfort index on the monthly index of passenger flow volume is 0.9614%.

Evaluation of Climatic Comfort of Living Environment based on Age Differentials in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Area

Somatosensory comfort is mainly determined by the Temperature and Humidity Index(THI)with Wind Efficiency Index(WEI),but this conventional usage of these indicators does not capture the age-related differentials.Here we resolved this gap with a modification of the climatic comfort definition and method in a national standard,denoted as the Relative Climate Sensitive Index(RCSI),which incorporated the age-related vulnerability scores determined through online questionnaires with a scoring method,for each of the age-related and adaptive climatic comfort responses to changes in residence with Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei(BTH)region as an example.First,the result showed that the human comfort of living environment decreased with age in the BTH region,implicating age obviously impacted comfort,and weak adaptability made the elderly the relatively most high-risk group-their suitable region was less than a quarter of the whole study region.Second the adverse effects of persistent hot weather on comfort,indicating global warming as the leading driver of dwindling comfort over recent years.As the warming was more significant in the southeastern part,all these forces combined had there a hotspot,appealing for extra attention.Last this improved evaluation accorded with actual situation to captured high-risk groups with their distributions.

Exploring building's envelope thermal behavior of the neo-vernacular residential architecture in a hot and dry climate region of Algeria

It is well known that the passive strategies applying in traditional buildings respond satisfactory to climatic requirements and succeed to provide maximum indoor comfort with minimum energy consumption.From this point of view,it is interesting to quantitatively assess the effectiveness of the vernacular strategies to improve the environmental performance of the building's envelope under desert climate conditions.The research tries to address this issue and was undertaken in southern Algeria where a very hot and arid climate prevails.The effect of some selected passive cooling strategies on enhancing the building's envelope climate performance was examined.These strategies are inspired from the local vernacular architecture,and they are expected to provide satisfactory indoor thermal comfort for users and to reduce the energy cooling demand from residential buildings.Applying field and computational investigations,two existing residential buildings were tested:a typical residential unit and a contemporary vernacular(neo-vernacular)building.In the latter,climate responsive strategies inspired from vernacular architecture were applied.A comparison based on site measurements was carried out on the two selected buildings which differ from their envelope design properties and components.