Establishing minimum clinically important difference values for the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Physical Function, hip disability and osteoarthritis outcome score for joint reconstruction, and knee injury and osteoarthritis out

AIM To establish minimum clinically important difference(MCID) for measurements in an orthopaedic patient population with joint disorders.METHODS Adult patients aged 18 years and older seeking care for joint conditions at an orthopaedic clinic took the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Physical Function(PROMIS~? PF) computerized adaptive test(CAT), hip disability and osteoarthritis outcome score for joint reconstruction(HOOS JR), and the knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score for joint reconstruction(KOOS JR) from February 2014 to April 2017. MCIDs were calculated using anchorbased and distribution-based methods. Patient reports of meaningful change in function since their first clinic encounter were used as an anchor.RESULTS There were 2226 patients who participated with a mean age of 61.16(SD = 12.84) years, 41.6% male, and 89.7% Caucasian. Mean change ranged from 7.29 to 8.41 for the PROMIS~? PF CAT, from 14.81 to 19.68 for the HOOS JR, and from 14.51 to 18.85 for the KOOS JR. ROC cut-offs ranged from 1.97-8.18 for the PF CAT, 6.33-43.36 for the HOOS JR, and 2.21-8.16 for the KOOS JR. Distribution-based methods estimated MCID values ranging from 2.45 to 21.55 for the PROMIS~? PF CAT; from 3.90 to 43.61 for the HOOS JR, and from 3.98 to 40.67 for the KOOS JR. The median MCID value in the range was similar to the mean change score for each measure and was 7.9 for the PF CAT, 18.0 for the HOOS JR, and 15.1 for the KOOS JR.CONCLUSION This is the first comprehensive study providing a wide range of MCIDs for the PROMIS? PF, HOOS JR, and KOOS JR in orthopaedic patients with joint ailments.

Using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) for Targeted National Recruitment of Community-Dwelling Caregivers Managing Dementia-Related Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms: A Recruitment Approach for a Randomized Clinical Trial

Over 16 million caregivers of people living with dementia require support in a range of issues, including self-care, disease education, and guidance for how to manage behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD). Non-pharmacological interventions are needed to address these areas, and online applications have been shown to be safe and effective. To ensure the efficacy of such interventions, racially, ethnically, geographically, and socioeconomically diverse participants must be recruited to increase the generalizability of study outcomes. This protocol paper describes a recruitment plan using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to reach a representative sample of caregivers across the United States for a national Phase III clinical study. Using publicly available census data from the American Community Survey (ACS), combined with location data for local aging resources such as Area Agencies on Aging (AAA), recruitment will be derived from data analysis conducted in ESRI ArcGIS v10.7.1. Datasets including age, gender, income, and education will be assessed nationally at the county and census tract spatial scale in a nine-step process to develop recruitment priority areas containing high concentrations of eligible participants living in the community. Overall, the current protocol will demonstrate the value of GIS in tailoring targeted outreach strategies to recruit community-dwelling populations through local resource institutions. This novel approach may have far-reaching implications in future recruitment initiatives and help to secure racially/ethnically diverse samples.

Study on Clinical Thinking of Traditional Chinese Medicine Based on Wang Yongyan＇s MedicalRecord Information System

运用医案信息系统工程技术将王永炎教授医案设定为总系统,并将其中的病、证、治、验分次建模,根据医家经验按照“问题一解”的程序将其组合,以此来研究王教授的治疗经验及其临床思维.

MANAGEMENT OF SPATIO-TEMPORAL DATA OF CADASTRAL INFORMATION SYSTEM IN CHINA

Cadastral Information System (CIS) is designed for the office automation of cadastral management. With the development of the market economics in China, cadastral management is facing many new problems. The most crucial one is the temporal problem in cadastral management. That is, CIS must consider both spatial data and temporal data. This paper reviews the situation of the current CIS and provides a method to manage the spatiotemporal data of CIS, and takes the CIS for Guangdong Province as an example to explain how to realize it in practice.

Clinical decision support for drug related events: Moving towards better prevention

Clinical decision support(CDS) systems with automated alerts integrated into electronic medical records demonstrate efficacy for detecting medication errors(ME) and adverse drug events(ADEs). Critically ill patients are at increased risk for ME, ADEs and serious negative outcomes related to these events. Capitalizing on CDS to detect ME and prevent adverse drug related events has the potential to improve patient outcomes. The key to an effective medication safety surveillance system incorporating CDS is advancing the signals for alerts by using trajectory analyses to predict clinical events, instead of waiting for these events to occur. Additionally, incorporating cutting-edge biomarkers into alert knowledge in an effort to identify the need to adjust medication therapy portending harm will advance the current state of CDS. CDS can be taken a step further to identify drug related physiological events, which are less commonly included in surveillance systems. Predictive models for adverse events that combine patient factors with laboratory values and biomarkers are being established and these models can be the foundation for individualized CDS alerts to prevent impending ADEs.

On information field of clinical diagnosis

“Field” is a universal phenomenon existing in both nature and society, and determines the existence and significance of all materials or information. The man being has always been generating and carrying a large quantity of life information in his whole life. Each piece of life information has an independent information field. The life information field includes such three subfields as bioinformation field, psychoinformation field and psycho-bioinformation field. The clinical diagnosis information field which is a specific information field within the information field of human activities consists of all information concerning man’s health. Only after we have cognized and ascertained the clinic diagnosis information field, can we accurately utilize its function to serve the human being.

Problems and Instruction Needed in Relation to Nursing Students’ Handling of Patient Information—From a Survey of Nurses Coordinating Clinical Practicums in Japan

The purpose of this study was to clarify and consider the instruction that is needed in relation to nursing students’ handling of patient information, as felt by the people in charge of student clinical practicums in hospitals. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 7 people in charge of organizing practicums at hospitals where they are carried out. These subjects were asked about problems they had experienced in relation to nursing students’ handling of patient information and the instruction that is needed so that problems related to nursing students’ handling of information do not occur. Various problems were shown to occur in relation to nursing students’ handling of patient information, such as handling the information outside of the practicum setting. Many students receive no instruction with regard to the ethics of handling patient information in their classroom work, and their awareness regarding information is cannot be considered high, indicating the need for more consistent and reliable education in this area. The findings also suggest that instruction is needed with regard to the handling of sensitive information in accordance with the circumstances of individual patients.

Epidemiological, Clinical, and Therapeutic Characteristics of Acute Appendicitis at the Reference Health Center in Commune I of the District of Bamako Mali

Acute appendicitis is the most common abdominal surgical emergency. This work is a prospective study from January 2012 to December to analyze the epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic aspects of acute appendicitis in the Cs ref of commune I of the district of Bamako and the results obtained were then compared with those reported in other countries. Our study included 72 patients. The appendectomy surgical specimens were the subject of an anatomical pathology study at Point G University Hospital in Bamako in Mali, 1.4% of cases of which were healthy. All our operated patients received antibiotics (mono or dual antibiotics) with a post-operative hospitalization duration of 1.5 (36 hours) days on average. We recorded 6 complications such as parietal suppuration, i.e. 8.33% of cases. No 5th day syndrome or late complications were noted. The average length of hospitalization was 36 hours. Abdominal ultrasound;used as an additional examination was carried out in 55 of our patients or 76.39% of cases. We have not recorded any deaths. Raising awareness among patients about the dangers of complications motivated patients to undergo surgery as soon as possible.

肠造口患者临床护理路径护理信息系统的设计与应用

目的:构建基于临床护理路径的肠造口患者护理信息系统,并分析其应用效果,为临床提升造口患者生活质量提供参考。方法:采用文献分析、小组会议法构建肠造口患者临床护理路径,将其嵌入护理信息系统,并于2023年2月在我院普通外科应用。对比系统应用前后肠造口患者入院评估、风险评估、健康教育、疼痛评估、出院评估的完成率及造口自我护理能力,同时调查护士对临床护理路径信息系统的满意度。结果:应用系统后,干预组肠造口患者的入院评估率(100.0%)、风险评估率(94.5%)、健康教育率(100.0%)、疼痛评估率(96.4%)、出院评估率(100.0%)均较系统应用前提高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);患者的造口自我护理能力各条目中除使用必要的辅助产品外均有提高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),护士的满意度大于90.0%。结论:应用肠造口患者临床护理路径护理信息系统能够有效提高护理措施的落实率,提升肠造口患者的自我护理能力,增进护士对工作的满意度,进而改善患者生活质量。

常规出凝血检验自动审核规则的建立与验证

目的:建立常规出凝血检验项目结果自动审核规则,为临床实验室提高检验结果审核质量和效率提供参考。方法:收集2020年1-3月期间解放军总医院第一医学中心等8家医院检验科的24510份枸橼酸钠抗凝常规出凝血检测标本,根据随机抽样法将其分为规则建立组和规则验证组,规则建立组血标本6670份,其中差值检查2056份;规则验证组血标本17840份,其中差值检查3210份。使用StagoSTARMax全自动血凝分析仪及配套试剂检测凝血酶原时间(PT)、活化部分凝血活酶时间(APTT)、纤维蛋白原(Fib)、凝血酶时间(TT)、D-二聚体(DD)和(或)抗凝血酶(AT)活性。以人工审核结果为标准,计算两组自动审核与人工假阴性率(无效审核)、假阳性率(无效拦截)、通过率、阳性符合率、阴性符合率、审核一致率和标本周转时间(TAT)。结果:建立的自动审核规则及规则应用流程,涉及室内质量控制、报警信息、自动审核范围、危急值和差值检查。规则建立组单个项目通过率为82.6%~92.4%,总体通过率为73.8%,自动审核与人工审核结果一致率为98.2%,阳性符合率和阴性符合率分别为24.4%和73.8%。规则验证组单个项目通过率为86.4%~91.5%,总体审核通过率为71.5%。模拟应用自动审核规则,8家医院中两家医院单位的平均TAT分别缩短1.5 h和2.1 h。结论:应用常规出凝血自动审核规则能够使人工审核工作量减少,明显缩短TAT,提高实验室工作效率。

临床护理教师教学能力与护理信息能力及循证实践能力关系模型的研究

目的:分析临床护理教师的教学能力、护理信息能力及循证实践能力的现状,明确三者的关系,为提高临床护理教师教学能力提供参考。方法:采用方便抽样法,于2022年10月至2024年3月在广东省5个城市15家三级医院选取具有本科生带教经验的740名临床护理教师作为研究对象。用一般资料调查表、护理信息能力量表、中文版循证实践能力评估量表及护理本科生临床带教老师教学能力问卷进行调查,运用Person相关分析和结构方程模型进行数据分析。结果:临床护理教师护理信息能力、循证实践能力及教学能力条目均分分别为(3.60±0.55)分、(3.16±0.74)分、(3.05±0.58)分,护理信息能力对教学能力具有直接效应(β=0.368,P<0.05);循证实践能力对教学能力有直接效应(β=0.590,P<0.05);护理信息能力可以通过循证实践能力间接影响教学能力(β=0.238,P<0.05)。结论:临床护理教师护理信息能力、循证实践能力处于中等水平,护理管理者应采取多项措施提升临床护理教师护理信息能力、循证实践能力,进而提高临床护理教师教学能力。

基于信息平台的发热门诊就诊模式优化实践

通过医院信息化建设整合患者诊疗数据,并用于智能服务设备、信息自动采集、信息区域共享。实现基于医院信息平台的发热门诊就诊模式,优化资源配置,减少患者候诊时长,提高患者满意度,同时强化发热门诊在新型病毒监测方面的哨点作用。该模式为发热门诊的整体诊疗流程提供了有力的支持,在改善患者就医体验、节约医院成本、院感防控方面均具有一定意义。

中医馆健康信息平台应用现状与思考

本文基于中医馆健康信息平台应用现场调研和问卷调研结果,发现中医馆健康信息平台推广应用过程中存在后续经费投入不足、与医院信息系统对接困难等一系列问题。笔者基于调研结果,就如何更好地推广应用中医馆健康信息平台提出相关建议,以期更有效地提升基层中医馆信息化水平和诊疗能力。

CIM/CIS互操作细则在多级电网调度中的应用

IEC61970/IEC61968系列标准的制定为电网调度自动化系统之间的互操作提供了标准。给出了基于IEC61970/IEC61968制定的公共信息模型(CIM)/组件接口规范(CIS)互操作细则,包括明确规定系统间交换涉及的模式、使用的接口方法和涵盖图元细化定义的图形交换规范,以及基于互操作细则的调度自动化模型互导、拆分和合并。细则的定义消除了标准应用的理解偏差,其有效实施对电网调度自动化系统的建设、维护和升级,以及各级电网调度自动化系统模型共享、信息共用起到促进作用。

系统辨证脉学对《黄帝内经》脉诊命题的继承创新

系统辨证脉学遵循《黄帝内经》脉诊“可诊有过之脉”原则建立脉象信息系统,对传统脉诊定义模糊及歧义之处进行明晰,完善了脉诊信息采集的维度,形成了5个维度、25对脉象要素信息描述系统。遵循《黄帝内经》“凡诊者,必知终始”,建立脉象分析系统,依据脉象要素与机体状态的映射关系,耦合形成脉象系统。脉象系统包括体质、病因、病机、西医疾病等,各个脉象系统通过脉象要素之间的联系能够反映疾病过程中的重要节点、责任因素及内在动力学,即中医临床脉诊的“心智模型”。在脉象系统的指导下,能够灵活、准确地制定临床治疗原则,形成内在逻辑严密的临床综合治疗服务包,实现多层次、多维度指导下的综合治疗。

临床试验中实现受试者诊疗过程信息化管理的探索与实践

目的探索临床试验开展过程中对受试者诊疗过程的信息化管理方法,提升临床试验效率及质量,确保临床试验的开展符合现行版《药物临床试验质量管理规范》。方法2021年起,笔者在海南省人民医院医院信息系统(HIS)中对临床常规诊疗流程根据临床试验开展需求进行功能改造,探索实践内容包括建立临床试验集中随访诊区模块、项目字典库及对应的记账结算方式、研究者及受试者信息关联试验项目、专用电子病历模板、自动生成相应查询报表等。结果实现受试者在就诊随访中相关诊疗医嘱的信息化开具、执行及结算,并与普通诊疗相关医嘱区分。结论通过实践临床试验相关诊疗操作的信息化管理,解决由于多科室合作、多人员参与、多项目并举的特点带来的诸多困难,使管理流程更加规范,推动临床试验的合规高效实施。

沉默信息调节因子2在胆管癌中的表达及其对可切除胆管癌患者预后的预测价值

目的:探究沉默信息调节因子2(SIRT2)在胆管癌组织中的表达、潜在作用机制及临床意义,并构建可切除胆管癌患者生存预测模型。方法:首先,通过癌症基因图谱和基因表达综合数据库分析SIRT2在胆管癌组织与正常组织中的表达差异,并通过基因集富集分析(GSEA)探讨SIRT2在胆管癌中的潜在机制;其次,免疫组织化学染色检测研究者队列胆管癌组织中SIRT2的表达,并分析SIRT2表达与胆管癌患者临床病理特征和预后的关系。最后,基于COX回归分析结果构建胆管癌术后患者预后列线图预测模型,使用校准曲线及时间依赖性的受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)对列线图模型进行评价,并与美国癌症联合委员会(AJCC)第八版TNM分期预测效果进行比较。结果:公共数据库中SIRT2 mRNA在胆管癌组织中显著过表达,免疫组织化学染色发现SIRT2蛋白在胆管癌组织中表达高于癌旁组织(均P<0.05)。GSEA结果显示,SIRT2高表达可能影响了多种代谢相关信号通路,如脂肪酸代谢、氧化磷酸化、氨基酸代谢等。SIRT2表达与血清三酰甘油水平、肿瘤大小、淋巴结是否转移相关(均P<0.05)。生存分析结果显示,SIRT2高表达患者较低表达患者总生存期显著缩短(P<0.05)。单因素回归分析结果显示,肿瘤分化程度、TNM分期、是否接受后续治疗、SIRT2表达与胆管癌患者预后相关(均P<0.05);多因素回归分析结果进一步证实,TNM分期和SIRT2表达是胆管癌患者总生存期的独立预测因素(均P<0.05)。基于SIRT2构建的胆管癌术后患者列线图生存预测模型C指数为0.675,第1、2、3年的时间依赖性ROC曲线下面积分别为0.879、0.778、0.953,与AJCC第八版TNM分期系统相比具有更好的预后预测价值。结论:可切除胆管癌患者肿瘤组织中SIRT2高表达并与患者不良预后相关,基于SIRT2构建的胆管癌术后患者的预后列线图模型可能比TNM分期系统具有更好的预测作用。

信息链视域下电子病历数据驱动临床决策的需求模型构建

[目的/意义]在信息链视域下,提炼电子病历数据驱动临床决策的用户需求,构建需求模型,帮助弥合临床决策支持服务与现实临床工作需要的差距,为电子病历数据提供价值释放靶点,拓展信息链的应用域,助益临床决策支持系统和平台建设,进而为面向临床的情报服务提供指导。[方法/过程]以信息链为理论基础,利用模板分析的方法,通过对访谈资料的分析,提炼了7个一级需求主题、24个二级主题、54个三级主题、43个四级主题以及2个五级主题,构建了电子病历数据驱动临床决策的需求层级模型。[结果/结论]沿着信息链,可以将电子病历数据驱动临床决策的用户需求归纳为病历的智能化记录、临床关键信息的组织与提取识别、电子病历数据驱动的疾病风险预测、疾病诊疗经验与知识的提炼补充、疾病诊断辅助、病情异常原因分析、治疗方案的辅助制定与推荐。医生对电子病历数据驱动临床决策的应用采纳呈现出不同程度的积极性,表现出了对数据确权不清、信息技术成熟度不高等风险的担忧。

电信CIS报警三字段信息的实时实现方案

本文介绍了电信话务各特服号报警指挥中心如何遵循信息产业部“信息不准拷贝、不准联网拷贝、报警时送三字段信息”的有关指示,建立能及时、准确地获得拨打各特服号码的主叫用户信息的实用系统,提出了相应的解决方案。经系统测试和实际运行,效果显著,具有广泛的应用前景。

门诊药物临床试验受试者诊疗模块的设计与实现

目的解决医院药物临床试验项目信息孤岛问题,为医院药物临床试验受试者诊疗模块的信息化建设提供参考。方法以医院信息系统(HIS)为基础,开发并实施药物临床试验项目受试者招募及诊疗模块,将以患者为受试者的临床研究医疗记录信息纳入医院电子病历及HIS系统中。结果该院基于HIS建立了受试者诊疗模块,于2023年3月上线,试用2个月时间内完成3个药物临床试验项目的试点工作;通过建立和运营管理系统(HRP)的数据接口,实现了试验费用从计费卡记账,受试者不用再垫付医疗费用;通过建立和CTMS的数据接口,实现了药物临床试验项目的全流程管理,保证了电子数据的完整性。结论基于HIS的受试者诊疗模块简化了受试者就诊流程,操作便捷,规范了临床试验的项目管理流程,提升了工作效率,实现临床试验项目在医院的高效实施。