BACKGROUND Esophageal stricture is one of the complications after esophageal varices sclero-therapy injection(ESI),and the incidence rate is between 2%-10%.AIM To explore the efficacy of self-expanding metal stent(SEM...BACKGROUND Esophageal stricture is one of the complications after esophageal varices sclero-therapy injection(ESI),and the incidence rate is between 2%-10%.AIM To explore the efficacy of self-expanding metal stent(SEMS)for the stricture after endoscopic injection with cyanoacrylate(CYA)and sclerotherapy for esophageal varices.METHODS We retrospectively analyzed the efficacy of SEMS to improve the stricture after endoscopic injection with CYA and sclerotherapy for esophageal varices in 4 patients from February 2023 to June 2023.RESULTS The strictures were improved in four patients after stenting.The stent was removed after two weeks because of chest pain with embedding into esophageal mucosa in one patient.The stent was removed after one month,however,the stent was reinserted because of the strictures happening again in two patients.The stent was removed after three months,however,the stent was reinserted because of the strictures happening again in one patient.The stent embedded into esophageal mucosa in three patients.There were 3 patients suffered reflux esophagitis,and the acid reflux was relieved by taking hydrotalcite.There was no other complication of esophageal perforation,bleeding from varices or infection.CONCLUSION SEMS may relieve the stricture which happened after endoscopic injection with CYA and sclerotherapy for esophageal varices.However,when we should remove the stent still needs to be explored.展开更多
From a mere diagnostic tool to an imperative treatment modality,endoscopic ultrasound(EUS)has evolved and revolutionized safer efficient options for vascular interventions.Currently it is an alternative treatment opti...From a mere diagnostic tool to an imperative treatment modality,endoscopic ultrasound(EUS)has evolved and revolutionized safer efficient options for vascular interventions.Currently it is an alternative treatment option in the management of gastrointestinal bleeding,primarily variceal type bleeding.Conventional treatment option prior to EUS incorporation had limited efficiency and high adverse events.The characterization and detail provided by EUS gives a cutting edge towards a holistically successful management choice.Data indicates that EUS-guided combination therapy of coil embolization and glue injection has the higher efficacy for the treatment of varices.Conversely,similar treatment options that exist for esophageal and other ectopic variceal bleeding was also outlined.In conclusion,many studies refer that a combination therapy of coil and glue injection under EUS guidance provides higher technical success with fewer recurrence and adverse events,making its adaptation in the guideline extremely favorable.Endo-hepatology is a novel disciple with a promising future outlook,we reviewed topics regarding portal vein access,pressure gradient measurement,and thrombus biopsy that are crucial interventions as alternative of radiological procedures.The purpose of this review is to provide an update on the latest available evidence in the literature regarding the role of EUS in vascular interventions.We reviewed the role of EUS in variceal bleeding in recent studies,especially gastric varices and novel approaches aimed at the portal vein.展开更多
目的:探讨急诊内镜下组织胶注射术联合硬化-套扎术同步序贯治疗食管胃底静脉曲张出血的临床疗效和并发症.方法:回顾性分析58例确诊为急性食管胃底静脉曲张出血患者,急诊内镜下组织胶注射术联合硬化-套扎术同步序贯治疗并随访6 mo的临床...目的:探讨急诊内镜下组织胶注射术联合硬化-套扎术同步序贯治疗食管胃底静脉曲张出血的临床疗效和并发症.方法:回顾性分析58例确诊为急性食管胃底静脉曲张出血患者,急诊内镜下组织胶注射术联合硬化-套扎术同步序贯治疗并随访6 mo的临床资料.结果:所有患者均1次急诊内镜下成功止血急诊止血成功率为100%(58/58).平均随访6mo,早期再出血率为1.7%(1/58),近期再出血率为1.7%(1/58);胃底静脉曲张程度缓解显效率为70.7%(41/58),有效率为22.4%(13/58)总有效率为93.1%(54/58);食管静脉曲张程度缓解显效率为74.1%(43/58),有效率为17.2%(10/58),总有效率为91.4%(53/58);G O V1型患者静脉曲张程度缓解总有效率95.8%(23/24),G O V2型患者静脉曲张程度缓解总有效率82.2%(30/34),比较GOV1型和G O V2型患者食管胃底静脉曲张缓解程度差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);3例患者食管胃底静脉曲张消失不明显,4 wk后再次给予曲张静脉硬化术,2例肝癌患者1 mo内再次出现消化系出血并死于肝性脑病.术后出现短期的进食时胸骨后不适或疼痛感、低热、术后6 mo内可观察到多种形态的排胶形式,未见异位栓塞及与治疗相关的严重并发症.结论:急诊内镜下组织胶注射术联合硬化-套扎术同步序贯治疗食管胃底静脉曲张出血是一项安全可靠的方法,具有急诊止血率高、曲张静脉消失率高、并发症少等优点,值得推广应用.展开更多
Portal hypertension(PH)poses significant challenges.This paper presents an innovative study on the utilization of endoscopic ultrasound(EUS)for both the diagnosis and management of PH.Conducted at Dr.Cipto Mangunkusum...Portal hypertension(PH)poses significant challenges.This paper presents an innovative study on the utilization of endoscopic ultrasound(EUS)for both the diagnosis and management of PH.Conducted at Dr.Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital in Jakarta,this retrospective case series included patients diagnosed with PH through clinical examination,imaging evaluation,and esophagogastroduodenoscopy.Exclusion criteria comprised a history of reduced blood consumption within the last 5 days,hepatocellular carcinoma,massive ascites,or elevated international normalized ratio(>1.4).EUS-guided portal pressure gradient(PPG)measurements were performed using an innovative standard manometer.The study involved 15 patients,with 14 having liver cirrhosis and 1 diagnosed with Budd–Chiari syndrome.Among them,nine patients experienced bleeding due to gastroesophageal varices.Small and large esophageal varices were identified in four and eight patients,respectively.Gastroesophageal varices type 1 were observed in two patients,and type 2 in four patients.Isolated gastric fundal varices type 1 were present in one patient.Based on EUS-PPG measurements,14 patients exhibited clinically significant portal hypertension.Seven patients underwent endoscopic band ligation and three underwent EUS-guided cyanoacrylate injection during the same session as the EUS-PPG measurement procedure.Notably,no adverse events,such as abdominal pain,perforation,or bleeding were observed during or after the procedure.EUS emerges as a promising and accurate tool for both diagnosis and management.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND Esophageal stricture is one of the complications after esophageal varices sclero-therapy injection(ESI),and the incidence rate is between 2%-10%.AIM To explore the efficacy of self-expanding metal stent(SEMS)for the stricture after endoscopic injection with cyanoacrylate(CYA)and sclerotherapy for esophageal varices.METHODS We retrospectively analyzed the efficacy of SEMS to improve the stricture after endoscopic injection with CYA and sclerotherapy for esophageal varices in 4 patients from February 2023 to June 2023.RESULTS The strictures were improved in four patients after stenting.The stent was removed after two weeks because of chest pain with embedding into esophageal mucosa in one patient.The stent was removed after one month,however,the stent was reinserted because of the strictures happening again in two patients.The stent was removed after three months,however,the stent was reinserted because of the strictures happening again in one patient.The stent embedded into esophageal mucosa in three patients.There were 3 patients suffered reflux esophagitis,and the acid reflux was relieved by taking hydrotalcite.There was no other complication of esophageal perforation,bleeding from varices or infection.CONCLUSION SEMS may relieve the stricture which happened after endoscopic injection with CYA and sclerotherapy for esophageal varices.However,when we should remove the stent still needs to be explored.
文摘From a mere diagnostic tool to an imperative treatment modality,endoscopic ultrasound(EUS)has evolved and revolutionized safer efficient options for vascular interventions.Currently it is an alternative treatment option in the management of gastrointestinal bleeding,primarily variceal type bleeding.Conventional treatment option prior to EUS incorporation had limited efficiency and high adverse events.The characterization and detail provided by EUS gives a cutting edge towards a holistically successful management choice.Data indicates that EUS-guided combination therapy of coil embolization and glue injection has the higher efficacy for the treatment of varices.Conversely,similar treatment options that exist for esophageal and other ectopic variceal bleeding was also outlined.In conclusion,many studies refer that a combination therapy of coil and glue injection under EUS guidance provides higher technical success with fewer recurrence and adverse events,making its adaptation in the guideline extremely favorable.Endo-hepatology is a novel disciple with a promising future outlook,we reviewed topics regarding portal vein access,pressure gradient measurement,and thrombus biopsy that are crucial interventions as alternative of radiological procedures.The purpose of this review is to provide an update on the latest available evidence in the literature regarding the role of EUS in vascular interventions.We reviewed the role of EUS in variceal bleeding in recent studies,especially gastric varices and novel approaches aimed at the portal vein.
文摘目的 比较内镜下套扎治疗与内镜下组织胶注射用于肝硬化胃静脉曲张出血二级预防的疗效及安全性。方法 选择2017年1月至2019年12月因肝硬化胃静脉曲张出血入住复旦大学附属中山医院,行食管胃曲张静脉内镜下套扎治疗的患者(套扎组),另选择同期行内镜下组织胶注射治疗的患者(组织胶组),通过倾向性评分匹配,两组分别纳入59例。采用单因素与多因素Cox比例风险回归模型分析食管胃静脉曲张再出血影响因素。绘制Kaplan-Meier曲线,比较两组患者再出血及生存情况。结果 套扎组与组织胶组患者食管胃静脉曲张根除率差异无统计学意义(83.05%vs 79.66%,P=0.778);套扎组根除静脉曲张所须中位内镜治疗次数(2 vs 3次,P=0.017)及平均组织胶用量明显少于组织胶组(0.70 mL vs 2.67 mL,P<0.001)。多因素Cox回归分析显示,门体分流是食管胃静脉曲张再出血的危险因素(HR=3.14,95%CI 1.02~9.68,P=0.046),内镜下套扎是预防再出血的保护因素(HR=0.25,95%CI 0.08~0.71,P=0.010)。相较于内镜下组织胶注射,内镜下套扎不增加患者2年食管胃静脉曲张再出血风险(18.69%vs 36.29%,P=0.067)与死亡风险(1.69%vs 3.39%,P=1.000)。相较于内镜下组织胶注射,经内镜下套扎治疗后,GOV1型患者食管胃静脉曲张再出血风险较低(0 vs 40.27%,P=0.012),GOV2型患者再出血风险(13.27%vs 34.16%,P=0.056)呈降低趋势。结论 内镜下套扎治疗对食管胃静脉曲张的根除率较高,且并不增加再出血、死亡等事件风险,可作为胃静脉曲张出血患者的二级预防手段。
文摘目的:探讨急诊内镜下组织胶注射术联合硬化-套扎术同步序贯治疗食管胃底静脉曲张出血的临床疗效和并发症.方法:回顾性分析58例确诊为急性食管胃底静脉曲张出血患者,急诊内镜下组织胶注射术联合硬化-套扎术同步序贯治疗并随访6 mo的临床资料.结果:所有患者均1次急诊内镜下成功止血急诊止血成功率为100%(58/58).平均随访6mo,早期再出血率为1.7%(1/58),近期再出血率为1.7%(1/58);胃底静脉曲张程度缓解显效率为70.7%(41/58),有效率为22.4%(13/58)总有效率为93.1%(54/58);食管静脉曲张程度缓解显效率为74.1%(43/58),有效率为17.2%(10/58),总有效率为91.4%(53/58);G O V1型患者静脉曲张程度缓解总有效率95.8%(23/24),G O V2型患者静脉曲张程度缓解总有效率82.2%(30/34),比较GOV1型和G O V2型患者食管胃底静脉曲张缓解程度差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);3例患者食管胃底静脉曲张消失不明显,4 wk后再次给予曲张静脉硬化术,2例肝癌患者1 mo内再次出现消化系出血并死于肝性脑病.术后出现短期的进食时胸骨后不适或疼痛感、低热、术后6 mo内可观察到多种形态的排胶形式,未见异位栓塞及与治疗相关的严重并发症.结论:急诊内镜下组织胶注射术联合硬化-套扎术同步序贯治疗食管胃底静脉曲张出血是一项安全可靠的方法,具有急诊止血率高、曲张静脉消失率高、并发症少等优点,值得推广应用.
文摘Portal hypertension(PH)poses significant challenges.This paper presents an innovative study on the utilization of endoscopic ultrasound(EUS)for both the diagnosis and management of PH.Conducted at Dr.Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital in Jakarta,this retrospective case series included patients diagnosed with PH through clinical examination,imaging evaluation,and esophagogastroduodenoscopy.Exclusion criteria comprised a history of reduced blood consumption within the last 5 days,hepatocellular carcinoma,massive ascites,or elevated international normalized ratio(>1.4).EUS-guided portal pressure gradient(PPG)measurements were performed using an innovative standard manometer.The study involved 15 patients,with 14 having liver cirrhosis and 1 diagnosed with Budd–Chiari syndrome.Among them,nine patients experienced bleeding due to gastroesophageal varices.Small and large esophageal varices were identified in four and eight patients,respectively.Gastroesophageal varices type 1 were observed in two patients,and type 2 in four patients.Isolated gastric fundal varices type 1 were present in one patient.Based on EUS-PPG measurements,14 patients exhibited clinically significant portal hypertension.Seven patients underwent endoscopic band ligation and three underwent EUS-guided cyanoacrylate injection during the same session as the EUS-PPG measurement procedure.Notably,no adverse events,such as abdominal pain,perforation,or bleeding were observed during or after the procedure.EUS emerges as a promising and accurate tool for both diagnosis and management.
