Based on the method of reverberation ray matrix（MRRM）, a reverberation matrix for planar framed structures composed of anisotropic Timoshenko（T） beam members containing completely hinged joints is developed for st...Based on the method of reverberation ray matrix（MRRM）, a reverberation matrix for planar framed structures composed of anisotropic Timoshenko（T） beam members containing completely hinged joints is developed for static analysis of such structures.In the MRRM for dynamic analysis, amplitudes of arriving and departing waves for joints are chosen as unknown quantities. However, for the present case of static analysis, displacements and rotational angles at the ends of each beam member are directly considered as unknown quantities. The expressions for stiffness matrices for anisotropic beam members are developed. A corresponding reverberation matrix is derived analytically for exact and unified determination on the displacements and internal forces at both ends of each member and arbitrary cross sectional locations in the structure. Numerical examples are given and compared with the finite element method（FEM） results to validate the present model. The characteristic parameter analysis is performed to demonstrate accuracy of the present model with the T beam theory in contrast with errors in the usual model based on the Euler-Bernoulli（EB） beam theory. The resulting reverberation matrix can be used for exact calculation of anisotropic framed structures as well as for parameter analysis of geometrical and material properties of the framed structures.展开更多
The treatment of advanced stage MF is especially challenging as single agent overall response rates are in the 35% range and chronic recurrence is the rule. The treatment of CTCL across all stages of disease is aimed ...The treatment of advanced stage MF is especially challenging as single agent overall response rates are in the 35% range and chronic recurrence is the rule. The treatment of CTCL across all stages of disease is aimed at the goal of achieving and sustaining remission. Increasingly, low dose total skin electron beam therapy (TSEBT) is being utilized as a skin directed component in combination therapy for advanced stage CTCL. Researchers are seeking to better define the utility of low dose TSEBT as a method of debulking skin disease while simultaneously treating other disease compartments and in combination with sustained maintenance therapies of both the skin directed and systemic varieties. Data exists showing the efficacy of low dose TSEBT in early and advanced disease. There is also data documenting prolonged treatment responses with TSEBT plus adjuvant skin directed therapies such as PUVA and topical nitrogen mustard. Emerging data examining the role of low dose TSEBT in the prestem cell transplant preparation is also promising. This brief review summarizes the utility of low dose TSEBT in multiagent treatment regimens in CTCL.展开更多
In this study, we have investigated the degradation and primary radiolytic degradation mechanism of 4-tert-octylphenol (4-t-OP) by using of electron beam (EB) -irradiation. The results show that at an absorbed dose of...In this study, we have investigated the degradation and primary radiolytic degradation mechanism of 4-tert-octylphenol (4-t-OP) by using of electron beam (EB) -irradiation. The results show that at an absorbed dose of 10 kGy and an initial concentration of 25 mg·L -1 , the degradation of 4-t-OP in a methanol/water reduction system is higher than in a acetonitrile/water oxidation system by 19.4% and higher than in an acetone/water system by 26.8%, which is due to both of ·OH and e aq - playing an important role in the decomposition of 4-t-OP, although the latter is more effective. The degradation rate of 4-t-OP will decrease with increment of absorbed dose in a methanol/water solution, and increase with decrement of initial concentration at a constant absorbed dose. The degradation efficiency will also decrease with the addition of anions and H 2 O 2 into the solution. A system saturated with N 2 will make an increment in the degradation of 4-t-OP. The pH value of solution has been also found to affect the degradation efficiency, while the degradation is more efficient in alkaline conditions. Finally, the initial products involved in degradation reaction have been determined to be ethylbenzene, styrene, bicyclo[4.2.0]octa-1,3,5-triene, 2,2,4-trimethylpentane and p-tert-butyl-phenol, which may arise from e aq - attack at the position of the alkyl side chain of 4-t-OP molecule. The results have been revealed that EB irradiation is a promising method for degradation of 4-t-OP, and e aq - may be main reactive species to attack at the position of the alkyl side chain of 4-t-OP.展开更多
基金Project supported by the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in Universities(NCET)by the Ministry of Education of China(No.NCET-04-0373)
文摘Based on the method of reverberation ray matrix（MRRM）, a reverberation matrix for planar framed structures composed of anisotropic Timoshenko（T） beam members containing completely hinged joints is developed for static analysis of such structures.In the MRRM for dynamic analysis, amplitudes of arriving and departing waves for joints are chosen as unknown quantities. However, for the present case of static analysis, displacements and rotational angles at the ends of each beam member are directly considered as unknown quantities. The expressions for stiffness matrices for anisotropic beam members are developed. A corresponding reverberation matrix is derived analytically for exact and unified determination on the displacements and internal forces at both ends of each member and arbitrary cross sectional locations in the structure. Numerical examples are given and compared with the finite element method（FEM） results to validate the present model. The characteristic parameter analysis is performed to demonstrate accuracy of the present model with the T beam theory in contrast with errors in the usual model based on the Euler-Bernoulli（EB） beam theory. The resulting reverberation matrix can be used for exact calculation of anisotropic framed structures as well as for parameter analysis of geometrical and material properties of the framed structures.
文摘The treatment of advanced stage MF is especially challenging as single agent overall response rates are in the 35% range and chronic recurrence is the rule. The treatment of CTCL across all stages of disease is aimed at the goal of achieving and sustaining remission. Increasingly, low dose total skin electron beam therapy (TSEBT) is being utilized as a skin directed component in combination therapy for advanced stage CTCL. Researchers are seeking to better define the utility of low dose TSEBT as a method of debulking skin disease while simultaneously treating other disease compartments and in combination with sustained maintenance therapies of both the skin directed and systemic varieties. Data exists showing the efficacy of low dose TSEBT in early and advanced disease. There is also data documenting prolonged treatment responses with TSEBT plus adjuvant skin directed therapies such as PUVA and topical nitrogen mustard. Emerging data examining the role of low dose TSEBT in the prestem cell transplant preparation is also promising. This brief review summarizes the utility of low dose TSEBT in multiagent treatment regimens in CTCL.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(no.11025526,11175112 and 41073073)
文摘In this study, we have investigated the degradation and primary radiolytic degradation mechanism of 4-tert-octylphenol (4-t-OP) by using of electron beam (EB) -irradiation. The results show that at an absorbed dose of 10 kGy and an initial concentration of 25 mg·L -1 , the degradation of 4-t-OP in a methanol/water reduction system is higher than in a acetonitrile/water oxidation system by 19.4% and higher than in an acetone/water system by 26.8%, which is due to both of ·OH and e aq - playing an important role in the decomposition of 4-t-OP, although the latter is more effective. The degradation rate of 4-t-OP will decrease with increment of absorbed dose in a methanol/water solution, and increase with decrement of initial concentration at a constant absorbed dose. The degradation efficiency will also decrease with the addition of anions and H 2 O 2 into the solution. A system saturated with N 2 will make an increment in the degradation of 4-t-OP. The pH value of solution has been also found to affect the degradation efficiency, while the degradation is more efficient in alkaline conditions. Finally, the initial products involved in degradation reaction have been determined to be ethylbenzene, styrene, bicyclo[4.2.0]octa-1,3,5-triene, 2,2,4-trimethylpentane and p-tert-butyl-phenol, which may arise from e aq - attack at the position of the alkyl side chain of 4-t-OP molecule. The results have been revealed that EB irradiation is a promising method for degradation of 4-t-OP, and e aq - may be main reactive species to attack at the position of the alkyl side chain of 4-t-OP.
