Improvement of the nutritional support management system for patients in intensive care units

BACKGROUND Nutritional support for patients hospitalized in the intensive care unit(ICU)is an important part of clinical treatment and care,but there are significant implementation difficulties.AIM To introduce a modified nutritional support management system for ICU patients based on closed-loop information management and psychological counseling.METHODS The division of functions,personnel training,system construction,development of an intelligent decision-making software system,quality control,and improvement of the whole process were carried out to systematically manage nutritional support for ICU patients.RESULTS Following the implementation of the whole process management system,the scores of ICU medical staff’s knowledge,attitudes/beliefs,and practices regarding nutritional support were comprehensively enhanced.The proportion of hospital bed-days of total enteral nutrition(EN)in ICU patients increased from 5.58%to 11.46%,and the proportion of EN plus parenteral nutrition increased from 42.71%to 47.07%.The rate of EN initiation within 48 h of ICU admission increased from 37.50%to 48.28%,and the EN compliance rate within 72 h elevated from 20.59%to 31.72%.After the implementation of the project,the Self-rating Anxiety Scale score decreased from 61.07±9.91 points to 52.03±9.02 points,the Self-rating Depression Scale score reduced from 62.47±10.50 points to 56.34±9.83 points,and the ICU stay decreased from 5.76±2.77 d to 5.10±2.12 d.CONCLUSION The nutritional support management system based on closed-loop information management and psychological counseling achieved remarkable results in clinical applications in ICU patients.

Strategy Approach towards Product Lifecycle Management

Mass Customization and global economic collaboration drives the product development and management beyond internal enterprise to cover the whole product value chain. To meet such requirement, a strategy approach focusing on data organization for product lifecycle management was promoted. The approach takes product platform as the base, view engine and rule-based access as data access mechanism, and integration and collaboration bus as a enabler to allow participants involved in product lifecycle to get convenient, WEB-based access to the internal and external content, applications, and services.

A review of closed-loop reservoir management

The closed-loop reservoir management technique enables a dynamic and real-time optimal production schedule under the existing reservoir conditions to be achieved by adjusting the injection and production strategies. This is one of the most effective ways to exploit limited oil reserves more economically and efficiently. There are two steps in closed-loop reservoir management： automatic history matching and reservoir production opti- mization. Both of the steps are large-scale complicated optimization problems. This paper gives a general review of the two basic techniques in closed-loop reservoir man- agement; summarizes the applications of gradient-based algorithms, gradient-free algorithms, and artificial intelligence algorithms; analyzes the characteristics and application conditions of these optimization methods; and finally discusses the emphases and directions of future research on both automatic history matching and reservoir production optimization.

Improving the Performance of Urban Waste Management Systems in the Context of a Closed-Loop Supply Chain

The saving of non-renewable energies, as well as the reduction of emissions into the environment, are two crucial objectives of industrial production. The recovery of post-consumer products associated with the use of end-of-life products is part of a context of optimization of these objectives. This recovery maximizes the use of resources from end-of-life products in a circular logic while recording the environmental footprint. This study considers a recycling strategy adapted to the need and urgency to reduce greenhouse gas emissions caused by global warming. The proposed model aims to optimize the profits of the circular manufacturing strategies while minimizing operational costs (collection, sorting, recycling), transport, GHG emissions and recycling. In this paper, a compromise between the gains of CM and the costs associated with it was studied. The robustness of the designed model was tested using a case study based on real-world scenarios. A sensitivity analysis was carried out to study the impact of the emission cost on the overall objective, considering the two options currently offered to industries. The obtained results support companies to take the ecological aspect into account and integrate sustainable development into their strategic axes for their logistics supply chains.

Engineering Change Management Adaptive to PLM

Engineering Change (EC) management for a Product Lifecycle Management (PLM) system, including EC data model, EC evaluation and EC implementation is presented. A method of dynamic and parallel EC evaluation is proposed, which breaks an EC evaluation task into several subtasks. Such subtasks can be dynamically and simultaneously proceeded, disassembled and communicated by different specialists, and at the same time a set of EC objects is created. This approach provides flexible and effective evaluation of the EC. The EC implementation followed will further ensure the completeness and consistency of EC data.

Organizational evolution of project management teams over the whole lifecycle of megaprojects:Case study of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge

Project management teams are critical in the implementation of megaprojects,but their evolution throughout the project lifecycle has not been clearly explained.This paper explores the organizational evolution of megaproject management teams through a longitudinal retrospective case study of the Hong Kong–Zhuhai–Macao Bridge(HZMB)project.The organizational evolution is examined in terms of management objectives,management content,and organizational structure.The organizational evolution of the HZMB project management team exhibits stage differentiation with the coexistence of turbulence and stability.Changes in the external environment are the driving force for organizational evolution,whereas a flexible organizational strategy is critical in promoting this evolution.Basing on the HZMB case study,this paper summarizes six critical measures that facilitate the organizational evolution of megaproject management teams.Our findings add value to megaproject management theory and provide a better understanding of the dynamics and complexity of megaproject organizational management.

Tests Management in CALIPSOneo: A MDE Solution

Testing in Software Engineering is one of the most important phases although, unfortunately, it cannot be always successfully fulfilled due to time constraints. In most cases, the development phase takes more time than it was estimated, entailing negative effects on the testing phase. The delay increases even more in Research and Development (R + D) projects, where the real time to execute tasks is more difficult to control. Model Driven Engineering (MDE) offers a solution to avoid testing costs without affecting the execution quality of the applied test. This paper presents a practical overview of a Model Driven Testing (MDT)-based methodology and its impact on CALIPSOneo project, which was carried out in liaison with Airbus Defense and Space and, particularly, with the Product Lifecycle Management (PLM) department.

Understanding of an‘Enlightened Planning’Approach in Project Risk Management

This article explains the execution and delivery progression phases of the project lifecycle.It is the third phase of the project lifecycle that leads to the final realization of the project's goals.However,this essay will describe the understanding of the‘enlightened planning’approach during the execution and delivery strategy progress of a project’s lifecycle.The features and details in the Enlightened Planning and PMI PMBOK Guide are compared.The author explored the nature and role of basic frameworks such as the project lifecycle,the process phase structure,and key project definition questions—the seven Ws(Who,Why,What,Which way,Wherewithal,When,Where).Combining Enlightened Planning and PMI PMBOK Guide,the differences between the two approaches are given.In addition,the author elaborated the advantages and disadvantages of the two approaches in current practice.

轨道交通资产管理成熟度评价方法探讨

资产管理的关键挑战是在与商业战略保持一致的前提下,通过管理风险和机会,平衡整个资产生命周期的成本、风险和绩效,实现轨道交通资产的价值最大化,并实现可持续运营。如何评判轨道交通运营企业资产管理的水平和能力,目前尚未有成熟的方法和工具。本文通过研究国际标准,对中国香港地铁资产管理的一般做法、良好实践、卓越案例进行总结以及结合北京京港地铁有限公司开展的首次资产管理成熟度评价过程和结果,对资产管理成熟度评价方法进行梳理和总结,形成轨道交通资产管理成熟度评价的五个关键维度:资产管理的统一性、资产管理的全局性、资产管理的前瞻性、资产管理的体系性和资产管理的可持续性。对未来轨道交通运营企业开展资产管理成熟度评价以及轨道交通行业资产管理发展有深刻参考和借鉴意义。

美国情报界数据管理的流程、架构及其启示——基于情报数据战略演进视角

[研究目的]爆炸式数据增长态势下,如何快速、有效地进行情报数据管理是当前情报机构的重点任务。基于情报数据战略演进视角,梳理《情报界数据战略2023—2025》等美国政府官方文件,分析美国情报界数据管理的流程、架构,以期为我国实现数据驱动情报的发展提供启示和参考。[研究方法]采用内容分析、文献研究等方法,研究美国情报界数据管理的生命周期、体系架构,从战略演进动因、指导思想演进、数据处理演进、人才队伍演进四个方面,针对美国情报界数据战略核心内容演进特点进行剖析。[研究结论]情报界数据管理生命周期是数据战略和数据管理的基础,包括计划与任务、获取与评估等6个不同环节。数据参考体系结构(DRA)和参考体系结构框架(RAF)共同组成情报界数据管理体系架构。为适应国际战略竞争形势的发展,我国应当从情报数字化转型、数据整合创新、跨部门数据访问、人才队伍培养、数据隐私安全等方面着力,加速推动情报机构数字化转型。

循证训练理念下签派员技能全生命周期全动模拟机融合训练研究

为了培养高素质签派员队伍,借鉴飞行员技能全生命周期管理(PLM)体系建设相关理论,结合试点开展的“飞行员-签派员”融合训练,梳理其实施的可行性和必要性,探索签派员整个职业生涯岗位胜任力提升的实施路径。基于循证训练(EBT)理念总结“飞行员-签派员”融合训练的保障机制,为优化签派员训练模式提供参考。

ChatGPT, AI-generated content, and engineering management

This study explores the integration of ChatGPT and AI-generated content (AIGC) in engineering management. It assesses the impact of AIGC services on engineering management processes, mapping out the potential development of AIGC in various engineering functions. The study categorizes AIGC services within the domain of engineering management and conceptualizes an AIGC-aided engineering lifecycle. It also identifies key challenges and emerging trends associated with AIGC. The challenges highlighted are ethical considerations, reliability, and robustness in engineering management. The emerging trends are centered on AIGC-aided optimization design, AIGC-aided engineering consulting, and AIGC-aided green engineering initiatives.

锂离子电池循环利用与碳足迹管理建设

截至2023年年底,我国新能源汽车保有量为2041万辆;符合行业规范条件审核的综合利用企业累计156家,共设立回收服务网点10468个,已覆盖全国31个省市。2023年锂离子电池产量超过940 GW·h,废旧锂离子电池循环利用量22.5万t,预计2024年废旧锂离子电池循环利用量超过26万t。有关行业政策规范和标准,提出了电池生产与材料生产环节的能耗指标,初步构建废旧锂离子电池循环利用和碳足迹管理体系。有研究表明,电池生产碳排放为61~106 kg(CO_(2))/kW·h,其中:生产和组装环节碳排放为2~47 kg(CO_(2))/kW·h;上游环节(采矿、精炼等)为59 kg(CO_(2))/kW·h,占比超过一半。

评价全生命周期管理体系对经导管主动脉瓣置换术患者预后的影响

目的以全生命周期管理理念为指导的智慧医疗体系在经导管主动脉瓣置换术(TAVR)后患者的长期管理中具有重要意义,旨在探讨这一管理体系在降低患者不良事件发生率、提供个体化医疗建议和改善生存预后方面的作用。方法连续收集2021年6月至2023年8月首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院瓣膜病介入中心408例TAVR患者数据。2021年6月至2022年10月的患者为常规门诊复查组,2022年11月至2023年8月的患者为心脏监测组。通过Kaplan-Meier、Cox比例风险模型等进行分析,评估智慧医疗在术后长期管理的效果。结果单因素Cox风险比例校正后,心脏监测组复合终点发生率显著低于常规门诊复查组(8.9%比17.7%,P=0.016);心脏监测组患者得到医疗救助的平均时间间隔明显缩短(3.02 h比97.09 h,P<0.001);使用心脏监测设备和智慧医疗平台对改善患者预后具有显著意义(HR 0.439,95%CI 0.244~0.790,P=0.006)。结论在现代互联网支持下,使用心脏监测设备能够有效预警TAVR术后患者的临床事件,改善术后的生存质量,为患者提供全面、持续、专业的医疗照护。

面向6G的数字孪生网络综述:架构、应用和挑战

数字孪生网络(digital twin network,DTN)是一种利用数字孪生(digital twin,DT)技术创建物理网络设施的孪生虚拟数字网络。通过DT技术,DTN将从多个方面提升6G网络的能力,包括智能故障管理、智能网络优化和管理、网络智慧内生,助力实现极简化、智能化和自动化的网络。通过对DTN进行全面研究,描述了DTN的主要特征和定义,阐述了DTN的架构、协议及接口和生命周期管理,并阐述其在模型管理与部署、资源管理与调度、安全与隐私保护、智能网络运维和智能交通这几个方面的应用,分析了DTN的挑战与未来。

基于CTP的医院信息需求的全生命周期智慧管理

目的针对信息需求管理效率低下的问题,开发医疗信息需求的全生命周期智慧管理系统,实现需求从提交到管理的数字化、结构化。方法基于协同技术平台(Collaboration Technology Platform,CTP),设计医院信息需求的全生命周期智慧管理系统,统计系统的运行时间,比较信息需求的传统纸质管理和系统线上管理这两种方式的需求描述、需求分析、需求研发、需求测试和需求更新时间,以及50名工作人员在系统记录完整性、流程设计合理性、运行效率、用户满意度和数据可追溯性等方面的调查评分,来观察本信息需求管理系统的运行效果。结果建立了基于CTP的医院信息需求管理系统,实现了信息需求从描述到管理的全生命周期管理。系统的信息需求管理各环节用时均低于传统纸质流程,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。并且对比传统纸质方式,在系统记录完整性、流程设计合理性、运行效率、用户满意度和数据可追溯性等方面均有显著提高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论基于CTP的医院信息需求的全生命周期智慧管理系统为信息部门需求管理提供有效抓手,持续提升各部门的工作效率和满意度,是医院精细化管理的有效工具。

数字孪生在空间结构生命周期管理中的应用与挑战

数字孪生是推动空间结构生命周期数字化、智能化管理的关键技术.为实现空间结构生命周期的智能管理,首先,分析数字孪生在“面向对象”和“面向过程”中的含义,给出基于数字孪生的空间结构生命周期管理新内涵;其次,分析空间结构在设计、建造和运维等结构生命周期管理各阶段的应用范式,以此建立数字孪生驱动的空间结构应用架构;最后,对数字孪生在空间结构生命周期管理应用中存在的挑战进行阐述和展望.研究表明,数字孪生是空间结构生命周期管理的技术保障,而高保真孪生体是实现数字孪生功能的重要前提.

基于全生命周期管理的县域水利工程数字档案馆的研发与应用

针对县域水利工程全生命周期过程档案不全、无法实现闭环管理的难题,通过数据仓库、数据接口、一码通管理等技术的研发应用实现闭环管理,并在苍南县进行了应用。县域水利工程数字档案馆采用NoSQL和MPP NewSQL相结合的方法建设数据仓,以解决数字档案馆的多元化数据存储问题;采用API和XML Web Service接口融合方法,解决了内部局域网系统和外部其他云系统的接口对接问题;开发了基于工作流引擎技术的SPARK分布式组件库,实现了水利局各个科室的业务协同与数据共享;采用一码通三色督查技术建立了三阶段数字档案健康评价指标体系,实现了“绿、黄、红”一码督查的管理档案;采用全链透析档案串并联技术,实现了水利工程整个全生命周期过程的数据分析。

广东省医疗器械产业现状及产品质量抽查检验情况

随着人们健康意识的提升,社会各界对医疗器械的需求显著提高。作为直接影响人民群众健康安全的特殊商品,医疗器械是疾病预防、诊断、治疗、康复的重要支撑。作为医疗器械全生命周期监督管理的一环,抽查检验可直观反映市场现状及监管资源综合运用的情况。该研究主要介绍广东省医疗器械产业市场基本情况及广东省药品监督管理局近4年组织开展的抽查检验工作情况,并对发现的问题进行探讨,为各级药品监督管理部门有针对性的加强监督管理工作提供参考。