Informing policy makers in developing countries:Practices and limitations of geriatric home medication review in Malaysia-A qualitative inquiry

Objective:To explore existing practices and challenges in the delivery of geriatric home medication review(HMR).The study was part of a larger study aimed to offer solution to expand the range of geriatric HMR.Methods:This study employed qualitative exploratory design through semi-structured individual in-depth interviews with the public pharmacists involved in the delivery of geriatric HMR at public hospitals.The purpose of the interviews was to explore challenges faced by them in the delivery of geriatric HMR.Results:Based on the emerging themes from the qualitative data,the study reveals that geriatric HMR in Malaysia is integrated as part of multidisciplinary home care visits,encompassing a diverse patient population with various healthcare needs.However,it faces challenges such as the lack of outcome monitoring,formal training,and workforce constraints.Despite these hurdles,there is a pressing need for the expansion of this service to better serve the community,and collaboration with community pharmacists holds potential to broaden its scope.Ultimately,the findings suggest that pharmacist-led HMR is both warranted and feasible within the Malaysian healthcare context.In order to optimize medicine-use among older people living in the community,approaches for expanding geriatric HMR services in Malaysia must be developed.Conclusions:This study holds profound implications as it attempts to illuminate policy makers in developing countries,enabling them to formulate effective HMR plans.By considering the challenges highlighted within this research,policy makers can design a comprehensive HMR service that caters adeptly to the healthcare needs of the mass population.

Development and Utilization of Catering Culture and New Countryside Construction in Guizhou of China

The paper pointed out that catering cultural resources played an important role in vitalizing Guizhou,promoting rural tourism development,innovating characteristic mountainous economy,increasing villagers' income and constructing ecological civilization.It emphasized that development and utilization of catering resources could contribute to promotion of economic development and preservation of good ecology on condition that natural environment was not destroyed.Advantages and potentials for development and utilization of catering culture in Guizhou had been analyzed,which lied in diversified food production methods,abundant food materials,obvious regionality,colorful national catering cultures,green foods and so on.It proposed that Guizhou catering culture had gained attention of relevant departments currently and had been developed to a certain degree.Its development status was introduced in brief.On this basis,it put forward relevant strategies,emphasized depending on government's guidance,stimulating villagers' activity,rooting in the soil of Guizhou historical culture,paying attention to establishment and protection of native catering cultural brand,and doing well in sales promotion.

A Brief Analysis on the Causes of the Chinese Nation's Strong Feelings toward their Home and Country

"The love for our children as well as the love for our country and people"are the common emotions of all human beings.The Chinese nation's feelings toward their relatives,hometown,and country are immensely deep and strong that they have surpassed all other nations.This article analyzed the causes of the Chinese nation's strong feelings toward their home and country based on China's development history and geopolitics.

Bring Rights Back to Your Country and Home:Some Thoughts on the Establishment of National Human Rights Institutions^2

As an advanced form of rights, ＂human rights＂ is a ＂great term,＂ which has rich con- notation and complicated denotation. No international, regional or national documents on human rights have a definition accepted by all. The diversity of the concept of human fights shows the complexity of human rights. But there is a consensus that human fights are a kind of right. Rights exist as natural fights （moral rights）, legal ri_ohts and oractical riehts. Furthermore.

Effects of OFDI on Employment and Skill Upgrading in Its Home Economy

This research empirically examines the relationship between outward foreign direct investment （OFDI） and employment in its home economy. It is marked out from existing studies in the following three respects. First, instead of advanced economies, it focuses on the effect on employment in a newly industrialized economy. Second, it not only addresses the general issue of whether employment or production overseas complements or substitutes for employment in parent companies but also examines how OFDI contributes to skill upgrading in its origin economy, in addition to the quantitative effect. Third, this paper allows the results to vary between labour-intensive industries and technology-intensive industries in order to find the extent to which the home employment effect is moderated by industrial technology intensity. The results demonstrate that the location of investment and industry characteristics matter for explaining the effect of OFDI on home employment. Specifically, we find that while OFDI by Taiwan＇s multinationals in the Chinese mainland depresses employment in Taiwan in both labour- and technology-intensive industries, OFDI in other economies only produces a negative employment effect in technology-intensive sectors. An interesting finding of this study is the evidence of positive effects of OFDI on skill upgrading in Taiwan. This paper supports the argument that relocation of productivity overseas axes low-skilled workers at home. Moreover, OFDI in the Chinese mainland has a particular positive impact on skill upgrading in the home industry, lending support to the view that multinational enterprises （MNEs） outsource labour-intensive goods from their affiliates in low-income economies.

Constructing a Management System for Private Colleges and Universities in China Based on a Comparative Study of Private Colleges and Universities at Home and Abroad

This paper first conducts a comparative study of the management system of private colleges and universities at home and abroad,then analyzes the reference significance of the management system of foreign private colleges and universities for the development of private colleges and universities in China,and finally puts forward corresponding strategies for the construction of a management system for private colleges and universities,so as to effectively promote the rapid development of private colleges and universities in China.At the same time,a smooth-running of private higher education is directly related to national development and the future of the nation.Private colleges and universities shoulder the sacred mission of educating people for the party and the country.Carrying out the party’s national work in the new era is the internal requirement of comprehensively implementing the party’s educational policy,the fundamental task of building morality and cultivating people,the mission of the era of developing schools and strengthening the country,as well as achieving satisfactory education.This helps to improve the socialist education system in China.

Appraisal of Common Dispute Problems on Public Works Projects in Thailand

The objectives of this research were to identify and appraising the common dispute problems in domestic and international funded public works projects. The interview and questionnaire method were used in this research. Randomly distributed questionnaire technique was applied to select samples of 390 various construction practitioners consisting of owners, consultants and main contractors to evaluate the severity of the 43 identified dispute factors. This survey found that contract and specification dispute problem was the highest concern among four main dispute problems for construction practitioners. The insufficient working drawing details factor was ranked as the highest overall severity index. The results of the survey also indicated that both domestic and international funded public projects faced moderately severe dispute level among construction team.

Perception and Challenges for Sustainable Construction in Developing Countries： North Cyprus Case

Sustainable construction, together with sustainability, is a growing concern in developed countries in order to influence construction organizations to make ＂achieving sustainability＂ in their projects a stringent prior objective. North Cyprus is a rapidly developing country with an annual economic growth of 7%. Construction became the leading sector within the economy after the boom in demand for holiday and retirement houses especially from English and German holidaymakers. Due to lack of government policy on sustainability, developers usually use traditional ways of construction, and the lack of an established link with international construction, which would help local developers be aware of the latest technology and sustainable building techniques, is the main challenges for North Cyprus construction sector to develop sustainable construction practices.

Load behaviors of a prefabricated wood framing house during lifting and transportation

Lifting for handling and flatbed truck transportation to the job site are important processes during manufacture of prefabricated wooden construction units like mini homes and building modules. Significant damage can occur to sections or components of units during these operations. Although damage usually will not impair its structural safety, it is costly to fix and causes the public to perceive prefabricated wooden buildings as low quality products. Field observations and preliminary numerical models for prefabricated units subject to lifting and transportation forces are summarized here. Once fully developed and verified, models will support the creation of damage mitigation strategies centered on structural details indicating how units are to be supported during lifting and transportation.

Sustainable Use of Steel Industry Slag (SIS) for Concrete Production: A State Art of Review

This paper presents a review on the sustainable use of steel industry slag (SIS) in the construction industry for sustainable development. This issue also may contribute significantly to attain the sustainable development goal (SDG). If feasible sector is not determined earlier for the use of SIS for the country like Bangladesh then the unproductive uses will be increased and as well without large-scale utilization, direct dumping of SIS will create environmental hazards. On the other hand, the sustainable use of SIS in concrete production can contribute to the economic growth of the country;in addition, it can also contribute to keeping our natural environment safe from hazardous pollution. Another observation of this study is SIS used in cement and concrete production as aggregate or as additional cementing materials has a long-term strength and durability. Besides, replacement of cement with SIS deferred the hydration reaction at early ages, without any significant troubles. Furthermore, it can also be mentioned that high replacement of SIS with cement may raise a problem of volume instability which can be solved by using ground-granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBS) as combined admixture and the slump problem of concrete mixtures can be adjusted with addition of copper slag or class F fly ash. Feasibility analysis of SIS usage and an awareness program for all the stakeholders may be implemented for the sustainable uses of SIS. Both of these will play a vital role to safeguard environment in addition to economic growth of the country.

Sustainability Impact on Construction Management in Developing Countries： Iraq as a Case Study

Sustainable development contributes to the economic and social advancement of construction projects. Ignoring sustainability during the cost estimating process associated with evaluation phase develops many problems of conventional decision methodology used in construction industry in the most of developing countries. This research focuses on sustainability which is the key factor in all decision making in design and construction processes. Therefore, Iraqi construction industry should respond to sustainability as a leading indicator of its infrastructure rebuilding. The construction management and sustainability could help to manage the rebuilding of the destroyed public infrastructure during the disaster wars periods passed thru thirty years ago and also to modernize of private buildings and plants. Field study has been carried out by adopting personal interviews and questionnaires conducted with experts, experienced consultants and designers working in many design organizations. The data collected has been analyzed and the results obtained show a clear weakness in the field of sustainability understanding, practicing and implementation. Moreover, the design work in Iraq is suffering from a lack of scientific techniques and a lack in experience in the domain of sustainability field. This will take an integrated approach to study the impact of sustainability on construction management which encompasses both public and private sector perspectives for building and engineering construction, and the roles played by all the participants in the construction team （owners, contractors, design professionals, and other supporting professionals）.

China to Construct An Innovative country in 2020

The National Mid and Long Period Program on Scientific and Technology Developmentstresses that by 2020, the ratio of contribution of China' s scientific and technology progress to the economic growth should be improved to60%, the ratio of R & D investment in GDP should be improved to 2.5%……

中国区域国别学:现状审视、经验借鉴与路径探析

在全球化进程加速与世界格局深刻变动的背景下,区域国别学作为新兴学科,已然成为中国融入全球治理体系、构建人类命运共同体的关键战略支撑。从中国区域国别学的背景与现状、困境与试炼、邻国成熟经验借鉴、远景期许、构建通途以及学科交叉跨界研析六个维度展开剖析,可以发现,中国区域国别学在理论体系构建、研究方法创新、人才培养模式优化等关键方面仍有较大提升空间。通过借鉴日韩经验,中国区域国别学应深度推进跨学科研究,着力培育具备国际化视野的专业人才,积极拓展国际交流合作,以精准契合国家战略需求与全球治理变革趋势,最终为构建人类命运共同体贡献独特的中国学术智慧与力量。

OFDI对于母国资本配置效率的影响效应研究——基于中国省级面板数据的考察

虽然不少文献都明确OFDI对母国经济运行具有重要影响,但关于OFDI对母国国内资本配置效率影响的研究较少。本文从理论与实证两个层面分析OFDI与国内资本配置效率间的关系。研究结果发现,OFDI规模的扩大通过减少政府干预、改善企业运营效率以及提高产业结构合理化水平等作用路径对国内资本配置效率产生提升效应。基于此,我国应积极发展对外直接投资,并发挥其对国内资本配置效率的促进作用。

中国的OFDI、技术进步与自主创新

国内外关于外商直接投资(FDI)对东道国技术进步和自主创新的影响的研究很多,而本国对外投资(OFDI)对本身技术进步和自主创新的影响的研究一直较少。文章收集了OFDI对本身技术进步和自主创新的影响的有关文献,分析前人在这一问题的研究成果和存在问题,并结合中国的实际,预测未来的研究方向。

HOME空间构式的认知阐释及其启示

语法学者对"HOME空间构式"(如go home)有不同的解释,主要有两种观点:一种受传统语法影响,认为home是副词;另一种受生成语法影响,认为home是"光杆名词"或"轻名词",构式中存在"虚位介词"。本文从认知语言学和语言类型学角度探讨HOME构式的形成机制,认为home是路径-背景合并型的卫星语,是语言内在的语法机制(词汇化、标记性)和人类的认知规律(典型范畴、认知突显、经济原则)共同作用的结果。本研究对广义的"运动动词+空间名词"构式具有一定的解释力。

教育强国建设促进共同富裕的内在机理、现实困境与政策推进

党的二十届三中全会强调,要通过深化教育强国战略改革,助力中国式现代化进程。教育强国建设作为国家对社会整体发展的长远规划和系统布局在推动全民共同富裕中占据基础性、引导性和战略性地位,依托提高国民素质、培养创新人才、优化社会结构以及增强文化软实力等,赋能全民物质生活与精神生活协调统一的共同富裕,体现出造就共富格局、托举共富底线、赋能优质共富、涵养精神共富的作用机制。针对当前教育体系间不平衡不充分与研究范式单一分散制约整体效能、城乡发展异质与区域资源不均衡影响教育益贫式增长、数字鸿沟与算法风险加剧收入不平等阻碍教育技术赋能、公共文化服务建设与文化消费水平不足阻碍精神共富的现实困境,本文提出推进方略:构建融创教育新范式,推动人口红利向人才红利转变;发挥教育提低扩中效应,促进县域城乡融合发展;加速人工智能教育融合,优化劳动力市场战略布局;厚植立德树人精神根基,塑造中国式文化制度伦理。

中国OFDI的国内幸福度效应研究

基于生产要素投入不能完全被替代的客观现实,由"一带一路"建设带动的大量对外直接投资导致国内经济总量、就业、工资和通货膨胀等经济因素波动,继而引发母国民众幸福感的波动。为了探讨对外直接投资的国内民众幸福度效应,采用世界价值观调查中的中国数据和中国统计数据,运用回归分析方法,分析中国对外直接投资对母国民众幸福度的总效应、区域效应和各类人群的幸福效应。实证发现:对外直接投资与国内民众的幸福感正相关,其中东部地区的正效应是主要支撑,中部和西部则为负效应;各区域的对外直接投资及其通过区域性宏观经济因素对当地民众幸福感的综合效应多数为负,只有东部对外直接投资及其通过失业影响当地民众的幸福感的影响系数显著为正;对各类人群的幸福感影响方面,对外直接投资及其通过宏观经济因素给诸如老年人群、受教育程度低的人群和健康状态较差的人群等的幸福感带来正影响,反而给青年人群、受中或高等教育程度的人群和健康状况较好和很好的人群带来负影响。

反腐败工作与党的基本路线的关系——基于改革开放以来的考察

中国共产党在致力于经济建设的同时,始终高度重视惩治腐败。纵观改革开放以来党的基本路线和反腐败工作的演进历程,党的基本路线决定不同时期的反腐败方针;反腐败工作有力保障了党的基本路线的贯彻落实。经济建设过程伴生大量腐败,形成复杂局面;反腐败工作为“推进中国式现代化”保驾护航;经济转型升级阶段的反腐败斗争力度显著加大;发展是永恒主题,反腐败是永续工作。

功能构造语法视角下解读go home短语

对于go home这个短语构造,目前大部分英文词典和语法学家都将该短语中的go界定为不及物谓词,将home界定为副词,在短语构造中作附语,修饰谓词。这种解读有失偏颇,因为go与home之间不是修饰与被修饰的向心关系,而是补充说明的述谓关系或者说离心关系。深入研究谓词的分类、副词与名词的区别、补语宾语附语之间的区别等方面,再基于构造转换分析,可以推论go是一个不及物谓词,在短语构造中作谓语。home是一个带有隐性前置词to的名词,(to)home在短语构造中作谓语补语。通过检索CLOWN和CLOB两个英语语料库,发现go+N/NP这种构式存在不少案例,但总的来说N/NP的范围一般只局限在表示特定地理位置的名词短语上。此外还推测出go+N/NP的形成受到了语言简化、语法化、语言融合及语言使用的经济性原则等方面因素的影响。