Firms are embedded in complex networks,where diverse ideas combine and generate new ideas.Shareholders of firms are of-ten seen as critical external resources that have significant influence on firm innovation.The cur...Firms are embedded in complex networks,where diverse ideas combine and generate new ideas.Shareholders of firms are of-ten seen as critical external resources that have significant influence on firm innovation.The current literature tends to focus on the rela-tionship between firms and their shareholders,while paying less attention to the connections between firms with the same shareholders.This article identifies two types of network spillover effects,intra-city network effect and inter-city network effect,by visualizing the co-ownership networks in China’s electric vehicle(EV)industry.We find that firms with the same shareholders,which are defined as co-owned EV firms,are more innovative than non-co-owned ones.Furthermore,there are two dominant types of firm co-ownership ties formed by corporate and financial institution shareholders.While corporate shareholders help exploiting local tacit knowledge,financial institutions are more active in bridging inter-city connections.The conclusion is confirmed at both firm and city levels.This paper theor-izes the firm co-ownership network as a new form of institutional proximity and tested the result empirically.For policy consideration,we have emphasized the importance of building formal or informal inter-firm network,and the government should further enhance the knowledge flow channel by institutional construction.展开更多
This paper analyzes neighborhood conflicts arising from the condominium property regime,under which social housing promoted by Mexican government institutions and private developers is acquired.This regime has facilit...This paper analyzes neighborhood conflicts arising from the condominium property regime,under which social housing promoted by Mexican government institutions and private developers is acquired.This regime has facilitated access to housing for the salaried population,but it is far from contributing to the attainment of the right to housing.The research takes as case studies housing complexes located in the city of Tijuana,Baja California,Mexico.The analysis included a mixed methodology.Firstly,similar case studies were analyzed;secondly,a review of the Condominium Property Regime Law was carried out in order to understand its implications.In view of the pandemic situation,a virtual survey was applied to the inhabitants of these areas,as well as interviews with presidents of neighborhood committees of these complexes.From the above,it was found that this form of ownership generates conflicts,reflected in the dissatisfaction of the inhabitants with their housing,disagreements and controversies in their organization and coexistence.The inhabitants have to collectively solve the problems they face,related to the maintenance and use of common areas,insecurity,and cleanliness,among others.In addition,there is a lack of support from local authorities.With this,it is concluded that although the inhabitants have a space that solves their housing problem,it does not manage to be a space that adequately guarantees their right to housing.展开更多
The energy consumption rate of non-OECD(non-Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development)countries rises about 2.3 percent per year as compared to the OECD countries which is 0.6 percent.If developing countr...The energy consumption rate of non-OECD(non-Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development)countries rises about 2.3 percent per year as compared to the OECD countries which is 0.6 percent.If developing countries use energy efficient technology and integrate renewable energy systems in the new building their carbon dioxide emission rate reduces by 25 to 44 percent.However,even now,renewable energy integrated buildings are hardly considered while constructing them.This paper focuses on the study of solar cooling system options for residential house of Bahir Dar city,in Ethiopia.To meet the demand of housing in the city,different types of apartments and villa houses are under construction.For the analysis case study was made focusing on two types of residential houses,condominium apartment and Impact Real Estate Villa house.Simulation results of IDA ICE software show that the average operative temperatures and cooling loads for condominium apartment and Real-estate Vila are 31.8℃ and 30.7℃,5.53 kW and 5.73 kW respectively.Most of the residences are not satisfied at this operating temperature.There are different types of solar cooling systems.Solar sorption cooling systems are commonly used which can also be classified into absorption,adsorption and desiccant cooling systems.Solar adsorption cooling systems are easy to manufacture locally as compared to solar absorption cooling systems.They do not have moving parts.Some of the working medium pairs used in adsorption cooling system are:activated carbon/ammonia,silica gel/water,zeolite/water.Adsorption chillier with silica gel/water as a working pair was selected since it can operate at regeneration/desorption temperature as low as 45℃ coming from flat plate collectors.At 75℃ regeneration temperature,the system delivers 9℃ chilled water temperature.From cooling load simulation result direct solar irradiation is the highest source of cooling load for both houses.This gives an opportunity for passive solar cooling technology.展开更多
基金Under the auspices of Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42122006,41971154)。
文摘Firms are embedded in complex networks,where diverse ideas combine and generate new ideas.Shareholders of firms are of-ten seen as critical external resources that have significant influence on firm innovation.The current literature tends to focus on the rela-tionship between firms and their shareholders,while paying less attention to the connections between firms with the same shareholders.This article identifies two types of network spillover effects,intra-city network effect and inter-city network effect,by visualizing the co-ownership networks in China’s electric vehicle(EV)industry.We find that firms with the same shareholders,which are defined as co-owned EV firms,are more innovative than non-co-owned ones.Furthermore,there are two dominant types of firm co-ownership ties formed by corporate and financial institution shareholders.While corporate shareholders help exploiting local tacit knowledge,financial institutions are more active in bridging inter-city connections.The conclusion is confirmed at both firm and city levels.This paper theor-izes the firm co-ownership network as a new form of institutional proximity and tested the result empirically.For policy consideration,we have emphasized the importance of building formal or informal inter-firm network,and the government should further enhance the knowledge flow channel by institutional construction.
文摘This paper analyzes neighborhood conflicts arising from the condominium property regime,under which social housing promoted by Mexican government institutions and private developers is acquired.This regime has facilitated access to housing for the salaried population,but it is far from contributing to the attainment of the right to housing.The research takes as case studies housing complexes located in the city of Tijuana,Baja California,Mexico.The analysis included a mixed methodology.Firstly,similar case studies were analyzed;secondly,a review of the Condominium Property Regime Law was carried out in order to understand its implications.In view of the pandemic situation,a virtual survey was applied to the inhabitants of these areas,as well as interviews with presidents of neighborhood committees of these complexes.From the above,it was found that this form of ownership generates conflicts,reflected in the dissatisfaction of the inhabitants with their housing,disagreements and controversies in their organization and coexistence.The inhabitants have to collectively solve the problems they face,related to the maintenance and use of common areas,insecurity,and cleanliness,among others.In addition,there is a lack of support from local authorities.With this,it is concluded that although the inhabitants have a space that solves their housing problem,it does not manage to be a space that adequately guarantees their right to housing.
文摘The energy consumption rate of non-OECD(non-Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development)countries rises about 2.3 percent per year as compared to the OECD countries which is 0.6 percent.If developing countries use energy efficient technology and integrate renewable energy systems in the new building their carbon dioxide emission rate reduces by 25 to 44 percent.However,even now,renewable energy integrated buildings are hardly considered while constructing them.This paper focuses on the study of solar cooling system options for residential house of Bahir Dar city,in Ethiopia.To meet the demand of housing in the city,different types of apartments and villa houses are under construction.For the analysis case study was made focusing on two types of residential houses,condominium apartment and Impact Real Estate Villa house.Simulation results of IDA ICE software show that the average operative temperatures and cooling loads for condominium apartment and Real-estate Vila are 31.8℃ and 30.7℃,5.53 kW and 5.73 kW respectively.Most of the residences are not satisfied at this operating temperature.There are different types of solar cooling systems.Solar sorption cooling systems are commonly used which can also be classified into absorption,adsorption and desiccant cooling systems.Solar adsorption cooling systems are easy to manufacture locally as compared to solar absorption cooling systems.They do not have moving parts.Some of the working medium pairs used in adsorption cooling system are:activated carbon/ammonia,silica gel/water,zeolite/water.Adsorption chillier with silica gel/water as a working pair was selected since it can operate at regeneration/desorption temperature as low as 45℃ coming from flat plate collectors.At 75℃ regeneration temperature,the system delivers 9℃ chilled water temperature.From cooling load simulation result direct solar irradiation is the highest source of cooling load for both houses.This gives an opportunity for passive solar cooling technology.
