Regarding the spatial profile extraction method of a multi-field co-simulation dataset,different extraction directions,locations,and numbers of profileswill greatly affect the representativeness and integrity of data....Regarding the spatial profile extraction method of a multi-field co-simulation dataset,different extraction directions,locations,and numbers of profileswill greatly affect the representativeness and integrity of data.In this study,a multi-field co-simulation data extractionmethod based on adaptive infinitesimal elements is proposed.Themultifield co-simulation dataset based on related infinitesimal elements is constructed,and the candidate directions of data profile extraction undergo dimension reduction by principal component analysis to determine the direction of data extraction.Based on the fireworks algorithm,the data profile with optimal representativeness is searched adaptively in different data extraction intervals to realize the adaptive calculation of data extraction micro-step length.The multi-field co-simulation data extraction process based on adaptive microelement is established and applied to the data extraction process of the multi-field co-simulation dataset of the sintering furnace.Compared with traditional data extraction methods for multi-field co-simulation,the approximate model constructed by the data extracted from the proposed method has higher construction efficiency.Meanwhile,the relative maximum absolute error,root mean square error,and coefficient of determination of the approximationmodel are better than those of the approximation model constructed by the data extracted from traditional methods,indicating higher accuracy,it is verified that the proposed method demonstrates sound adaptability and extraction efficiency.展开更多
Poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)(PBAT)and poly(butylene succinate-co-adipate)(PBSA)blend films were prepared with different contents of a multifunctional epoxide chain extender Joncryl ADR-4468(ADR)or benzoyl p...Poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)(PBAT)and poly(butylene succinate-co-adipate)(PBSA)blend films were prepared with different contents of a multifunctional epoxide chain extender Joncryl ADR-4468(ADR)or benzoyl peroxide(BPO).The long-chain-branching(LCB)introduced by ADR and branched/crosslinked entanglement induced by BPO increased melt elasticity,viscosity and compatibility,as indicated by thermal properties,rheological and morphological analyses.It was found that the elongation at break and the tensile strength were significantly improved,due to the enhancement of compatibility and the interfacial adhesion by the incorporation of ADR or BPO.The best mechanical properties were obtained in PBAT/PBSA/ADR(60/40/0.3)(A4T6A_(0.3))and PBAT/PBSA/BPO(60/40/0.9)(A4T6B_(0.9))films,respectively.With the rapid initiation of chain growth by BPO,it has significantly improved the transparency of the film.ADR and BPO can be used interchangeably in improving the comprehensive properties of PBAT/PBSA films,and it would provide more strategies for developing biodegradable materials for various applications.展开更多
The homogeneous/particulate fluidization flow regime is particularly suitable for handling the various gas–solid contact processes encountered in the chemical and energy industry.This work aimed to extend such a regi...The homogeneous/particulate fluidization flow regime is particularly suitable for handling the various gas–solid contact processes encountered in the chemical and energy industry.This work aimed to extend such a regime of Geldart-A particles by exerting the axial uniform and steady magnetic field.Under the action of the magnetic field,the overall homogeneous fluidization regime of Geldart-A magnetizable particles became composed of two parts:inherent homogeneous fluidization and newly-created magnetic stabilization.Since the former remained almost unchanged whereas the latter became broader as the magnetic field intensity increased,the overall homogeneous fluidization regime could be extended remarkably.As for Geldart-A nonmagnetizable particles,certain amount of magnetizable particles had to be premixed to transmit the magnetic stabilization.Among others,the mere addition of magnetizable particles could broaden the homogeneous fluidization regime.The added content of magnetizable particles had an optimal value with smaller/lighter ones working better.The added magnetizable particles might raise the ratio between the interparticle force and the particle gravity.After the magnetic field was exerted,the homogeneous fluidization regime was further expanded due to the formation of magnetic stabilization flow regime.The more the added magnetizable particles,the better the magnetic performance and the broader the overall homogeneous fluidization regime.Smaller/lighter magnetizable particles were preferred to maximize the magnetic performance and extend the overall homogeneous fluidization regime.This phenomenon could be ascribed to that the added magnetizable particles themselves became more Geldart-A than-B type as their density or size decreased.展开更多
Objective:To determine the distribution,phenotypic and genetic background of extended spectrumβ-lactamases(ESBL)-producing Klebsiella(K.)pneumoniae clinical isolates associated with K1 and K2 serotypes in two selecte...Objective:To determine the distribution,phenotypic and genetic background of extended spectrumβ-lactamases(ESBL)-producing Klebsiella(K.)pneumoniae clinical isolates associated with K1 and K2 serotypes in two selected hospitals in Malaysia.Methods:A total of 192 K.pneumoniae isolates were collected and subjected to antibiotic susceptibility,hypermucoviscosity test and multiplex PCR to detect the presence of K1-and K2-serotype associated genes.Multilocus sequence typing(MLST)was performed on ESBL-producing K.pneumoniae isolates presented with K1 and K2 serotypes,followed by phylogenetic analysis.Results:A total of 87 out of 192(45.3%)of the K.pneumoniae isolates collected were ESBL producers.However,only 8.3%(16/192)and 10.9%(21/192)of the total isolates were detected to carry K1-and K2-serotype associated genes,respectively.Statistical analysis showed that K1 and K2 capsular serotypes were not significantly associated with ESBL phenotype(P=0.196).However,they were significantly associated with hypervirulent,as demonstrated by the positive string test(P<0.001).MLST analysis revealed that ST23 as the predominant sequence type(ST)in the K1 serotype,while the ST in the K2 serotype is more diverse.Conclusions:Although the occurrence of ESBL-producing isolates among the hypervirulent strains was low,their coexistence warrants the need for continuous surveillance.MLST showed that these isolates were genetically heterogeneous.展开更多
In this paper,a bandwidth-adjustable extended state observer(ABESO)is proposed for the systems with measurement noise.It is known that increasing the bandwidth of the observer improves the tracking speed but tolerates...In this paper,a bandwidth-adjustable extended state observer(ABESO)is proposed for the systems with measurement noise.It is known that increasing the bandwidth of the observer improves the tracking speed but tolerates noise,which conflicts with observation accuracy.Therefore,we introduce a bandwidth scaling factor such that ABESO is formulated to a 2-degree-of-freedom system.The observer gain is determined and the bandwidth scaling factor adjusts the bandwidth according to the tracking error.When the tracking error decreases,the bandwidth decreases to suppress the noise,otherwise the bandwidth does not change.It is proven that the error dynamics are bounded and converge in finite time.The relationship between the upper bound of the estimation error and the scaling factor is given.When the scaling factor is less than 1,the ABESO has higher estimation accuracy than the linear extended state observer(LESO).Simulations of an uncertain nonlinear system with compound disturbances show that the proposed ABESO can successfully estimate the total disturbance in noisy environments.The mean error of total disturbance of ABESO is 15.28% lower than that of LESO.展开更多
A wireless sensor network mobile target tracking algorithm(ISO-EKF)based on improved snake optimization algorithm(ISO)is proposed to address the difficulty of estimating initial values when using extended Kalman filte...A wireless sensor network mobile target tracking algorithm(ISO-EKF)based on improved snake optimization algorithm(ISO)is proposed to address the difficulty of estimating initial values when using extended Kalman filtering to solve the state of nonlinear mobile target tracking.First,the steps of extended Kalman filtering(EKF)are introduced.Second,the ISO is used to adjust the parameters of the EKF in real time to adapt to the current motion state of the mobile target.Finally,the effectiveness of the algorithm is demonstrated through filtering and tracking using the constant velocity circular motion model(CM).Under the specified conditions,the position and velocity mean square error curves are compared among the snake optimizer(SO)-EKF algorithm,EKF algorithm,and the proposed algorithm.The comparison shows that the proposed algorithm reduces the root mean square error of position by 52%and 41%compared to the SOEKF algorithm and EKF algorithm,respectively.展开更多
At present,the prediction of brain tumors is performed using Machine Learning(ML)and Deep Learning(DL)algorithms.Although various ML and DL algorithms are adapted to predict brain tumors to some range,some concerns st...At present,the prediction of brain tumors is performed using Machine Learning(ML)and Deep Learning(DL)algorithms.Although various ML and DL algorithms are adapted to predict brain tumors to some range,some concerns still need enhancement,particularly accuracy,sensitivity,false positive and false negative,to improve the brain tumor prediction system symmetrically.Therefore,this work proposed an Extended Deep Learning Algorithm(EDLA)to measure performance parameters such as accuracy,sensitivity,and false positive and false negative rates.In addition,these iterated measures were analyzed by comparing the EDLA method with the Convolutional Neural Network(CNN)way further using the SPSS tool,and respective graphical illustrations were shown.The results were that the mean performance measures for the proposed EDLA algorithm were calculated,and those measured were accuracy(97.665%),sensitivity(97.939%),false positive(3.012%),and false negative(3.182%)for ten iterations.Whereas in the case of the CNN,the algorithm means accuracy gained was 94.287%,mean sensitivity 95.612%,mean false positive 5.328%,and mean false negative 4.756%.These results show that the proposed EDLA method has outperformed existing algorithms,including CNN,and ensures symmetrically improved parameters.Thus EDLA algorithm introduces novelty concerning its performance and particular activation function.This proposed method will be utilized effectively in brain tumor detection in a precise and accurate manner.This algorithm would apply to brain tumor diagnosis and be involved in various medical diagnoses aftermodification.If the quantity of dataset records is enormous,then themethod’s computation power has to be updated.展开更多
The hybrid carrier(HC)system rooted in the carrier fusion concept is gradually garnering attention.In this paper,we study the extended hybrid carrier(EHC)multiple access scheme to ensure reliable wireless communicatio...The hybrid carrier(HC)system rooted in the carrier fusion concept is gradually garnering attention.In this paper,we study the extended hybrid carrier(EHC)multiple access scheme to ensure reliable wireless communication.By employing the EHC modulation,a power layered multiplexing framework is realized,which exhibits enhanced interference suppression capability owing to the more uniform energy distribution design.The implementation method and advantage mechanism are explicated respectively for the uplink and downlink,and the performance analysis under varying channel conditions is provided.In addition,considering the connectivity demand,we explore the non-orthogonal multiple access(NOMA)method of the EHC system and develop the EHC sparse code multiple access scheme.The proposed scheme melds the energy spread superiority of EHC with the access capacity of NOMA,facilitating superior support for massive connectivity in high mobility environments.Simulation results have verified the feasibility and advantages of the proposed scheme.Compared with existing HC multiple access schemes,the proposed scheme exhibits robust bit error rate performance and can better guarantee multiple access performance in complex scenarios of nextgeneration communications.展开更多
Objective:To analyze the nursing effect of hierarchical extended nursing based on the guidance of Orem’s theory in patients with peripherally inserted central(PICC)catheterization.Methods:Ninety-one patients with PIC...Objective:To analyze the nursing effect of hierarchical extended nursing based on the guidance of Orem’s theory in patients with peripherally inserted central(PICC)catheterization.Methods:Ninety-one patients with PICC catheterization admitted to the hospital from May 2021 to May 2023 were selected and divided into a control group and an observation group,with 45 and 46 cases,respectively.The control group received routine nursing care,while the observation group received routine nursing care combined with hierarchical extended nursing based on the guidance of Orem’s theory for 3 months.Relevant indicators between the two groups were compared.Results:The improvement degree of various indicators in the observation group after nursing was better than that of the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Graded extended nursing based on the guidance of Orem’s theory improved the knowledge,belief,behavior,and self-efficacy of patients with PICC catheterization,and relieved their anxiety,depression,and other negative emotions.The nursing effect was deemed to be significant.展开更多
Iron‐based pyrophosphates are attractive cathodes for sodium‐ion batteries due to their large framework,cost‐effectiveness,and high energy density.However,the understanding of the crystal structure is scarce and on...Iron‐based pyrophosphates are attractive cathodes for sodium‐ion batteries due to their large framework,cost‐effectiveness,and high energy density.However,the understanding of the crystal structure is scarce and only a limited candidates have been reported so far.In this work,we found for the first time that a continuous solid solution,Na_(4−α)Fe_(2+α)_(2)(P_(2)O_(7))_(2)(0≤α≤1,could be obtained by mutual substitution of cations at center‐symmetric Na3 and Na4 sites while keeping the crystal building blocks of anionic P2O7 unchanged.In particular,a novel off‐stoichiometric Na_(3)Fe(2.5)(P_(2)O_(7))_(2)is thus proposed,and its structure,energy storage mechanism,and electrochemical performance are extensively investigated to unveil the structure–function relationship.The as‐prepared off‐stoichiometric electrode delivers appealing performance with a reversible discharge capacity of 83 mAh g^(−1),a working voltage of 2.9 V(vs.Na^(+)/Na),the retention of 89.2%of the initial capacity after 500 cycles,and enhanced rate capability of 51 mAh g^(−1)at a current density of 1600 mA g^(−1).This research shows that sodium ferric pyrophosphate could form extended solid solution composition and promising phase is concealed in the range of Na_(4−α)Fe_(2+α)_(2)(P_(2)O_(7))_(2),offering more chances for exploration of new cathode materials for the construction of high‐performance SIBs.展开更多
Objective:To analyze the effects of providing extended rehabilitation nursing services at home to patients with coronary heart disease(CHD)combined with heart failure(CHF)on psychological improvement and adherence to ...Objective:To analyze the effects of providing extended rehabilitation nursing services at home to patients with coronary heart disease(CHD)combined with heart failure(CHF)on psychological improvement and adherence to medical compliance behavior.Methods:79 patients with CHD with CHF admitted to Sijia Town Central Health Hospital,Haimen District,Nantong City,Jiangsu Province,between June 2021 and June 2023 were selected and grouped according to the randomized numerical table method.The control group(39 cases)was provided with conventional nursing care and extended rehabilitation nursing care at home was provided to the observation group(40 cases).The psychological status,adherence to medical behaviors,cardiac function,and complications between both groups were compared.Results:The scores of anxieties and depression self-assessment scales(SAS,SDS)of patients in the observation group were lower than those of the control group(t=2.954,3.212;P<0.05);the compliance of patients in the observation group was higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).The levels of left ventricular ejection fraction,end-systolic and end-diastolic internal diameters(LVEF,LVESD,LVEDD)of patients in the observation group at 58.02±5.34%,44.49±5.16 mm,and 49.16±5.76 mm respectively were better than those of the control group after nursing care(t=3.205,3.288,2.633;P<0.05);the complication rate of the observation group was lower than that of the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Extended rehabilitation nursing at home exhibited a psychological regulation effect on CHD with CHF patients,improved their medical compliance,improved cardiac function,reduced the incidence of complications,and had significant application value.展开更多
Aim:To establish a method for cynomolgus monkey sperm cryopreservation in a chemically defined extender. Methods:Semen samples were collected by electro-ejaculation from four sexually mature male cynomolgus monkeys. T...Aim:To establish a method for cynomolgus monkey sperm cryopreservation in a chemically defined extender. Methods:Semen samples were collected by electro-ejaculation from four sexually mature male cynomolgus monkeys. The spermatozoa were frozen in straws by liquid nitrogen vapor using egg-yolk-free Tes-Tris (mTTE) synthetic extender and glycerol as cryoprotectant.The effects of glycerol concentration (1%,3 %,5 %,10 % and 15 % [v/v]) and its equilibration time (10 min,30 min,60 min and 90 min) on post-thaw spermatozoa were examined by sperm motility and sperm head membrane integrity.Results:The post-thaw motility and head membrane integrity of spermatozoa were significantly higher (P<0.05) for 5 % glycerol (42.95±2.55 and 50.39±2.42,respectively) than those of the other groups (1%:19.19±3.22 and 24.84±3.64;3 %:34.23±3.43 and 41.37±3.42;10 %: 15.68±2.36 and 21.39±3.14;15 %:7.47±1.44 and 12.90±2.18).The parameters for 30 min equilibration (42.95±2.55 and 50.39±2.42) were better (P<0.05) than those of the other groups (10 min:31.33±3.06 and 38. 98±3.31;60 min:32.49±3.86 and 40.01±4.18;90 min:31.16±3.66 and 38.30±3.78).Five percent glycerol and 30 min equilibration yielded the highest post-thaw sperm motility and head membrane integrity.Conclusion: Cynomolgus monkey spermatozoa can be successfully cryopreserved in a chemically defined extender,which is related to the concentration and the equilibration time of glycerol.展开更多
A novel and facile method toward a series of yellow water-borne polyurethane was developed by using an intrinsically colored diol in this paper.The yellow aqueous dispersion PCLD-HENA-PU was synthesized based on isoph...A novel and facile method toward a series of yellow water-borne polyurethane was developed by using an intrinsically colored diol in this paper.The yellow aqueous dispersion PCLD-HENA-PU was synthesized based on isophorone diisocyanate(IPDI), polycaprolactonediol(PCLD) and 2,2-dimethylol propionic acid(DMPA) using a yellow diol N,N-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-nitroaniline (HENA) as a chain extender.Due to the complete reaction of OH group in colorant HENA with NCO group in diisocyanate,a series of stable yellow p...展开更多
To decrease the modulus and increase the mechanical properties of recycled PET by introducing the flexible segments, the recycled polyethylene-terephthalate(PET) was modified by the chain extender produced with 2, 4, ...To decrease the modulus and increase the mechanical properties of recycled PET by introducing the flexible segments, the recycled polyethylene-terephthalate(PET) was modified by the chain extender produced with 2, 4, 6, 8-tetramethyl-2, 4, 6, 8-tetra(2, 3-epoxypropoxy) propylcyclotetrasiloxane by the hydrosilylation reaction. Different percentages of chain extender were used in order to investigate the effect of chain extender content on the modulus of PET. The dynamic mechanical analysis was performed on PET samples, which showed that Tg of PET was firstly raised by the addition of chain extender and then decreased. Small amplitude shearing test performed on PET samples confirmed that the addition of the flexible segments could remarkably decrease the modulus of PET, which would be helpful for the extrusion process. The entanglements from branches were also influenced by the addition of extender.展开更多
Aim: To evaluate two extenders and two cryoprotectant agents (CPA) for alpaca semen cryopreservation. Methods: Semen samples were obtained from four adult alpacas (Lama pacos) and frozen using extender Ⅰ (TRIS...Aim: To evaluate two extenders and two cryoprotectant agents (CPA) for alpaca semen cryopreservation. Methods: Semen samples were obtained from four adult alpacas (Lama pacos) and frozen using extender Ⅰ (TRIS, citrate, egg yolk and glucose) or extender Ⅱ (skim milk, egg yolk and fructose), each containing either glycerol (G) or ethylene glycol (EG) as CPA. Consequently, four groups were formed: 1) extender Ⅰ-G; 2) extender Ⅰ-EG; 3) extender Ⅱ-G; and 4) extender Ⅱ-EG. Semen was diluted in a two-step process: for cooling to 5 ℃ (extenders without CPA), and for freezing (extenders with CPA). Viability and acrosome integrity were assessed using trypan blue and Giemsa stains. Results: When compared, the motility after thawing was higher (P 〈 0.05) in groups Ⅱ-EG (20.0 %±6.7 %) and Ⅱ-G (15.3 %±4.1%) than that in groups Ⅰ-G (4.0 %±1.1%) and Ⅰ-EG (1.0 %±1.4 %). Viable spermatozoa with intact acrosomes in groups Ⅱ-EG (18.7 %±2.9 %) and Ⅱ-G (12.7 %±5.9 %) were higher than that in groups Ⅰ-G (5.7 %±1.5 %) and Ⅰ-EG (4.0 %±1.0 %). Conclusion: The skim milk- and egg yolk-based extenders containing ethylene glycol or glycerol to freeze alpaca semen seems to promote the survival of more sperm cells with intact acrosomes than the other extenders. (Asian J Androl 2005 Sep; 7: 303-309)展开更多
In order to observe the change and fluctuation in flow and pressure of a hydraulic quadruped robot's hydraulic system when the robot walks on trot gait,a co-simulation method based on ADAMS and AMESim is proposed. Fi...In order to observe the change and fluctuation in flow and pressure of a hydraulic quadruped robot's hydraulic system when the robot walks on trot gait,a co-simulation method based on ADAMS and AMESim is proposed. Firstly,the change rule in each swing angle of the hydraulic quadruped robot's four legs is analyzed and converted to the displacement change of the hydraulic cylinder by calculating their geometric relationship.Secondly,the robot's dynamic model is built in ADAMS and its hydraulic and control system models are built in AMESim. The displacement change of the hydraulic cylinder in the hydraulic system is used as the driving function of the dynamics model in ADAMS,and the driving force of the dynamics model is used as the loads of the hydraulic system in AMESim. By introducing the PID closed-loop control in the control system,the co-simulation between hydraulic system and mechanical system is implemented. Finally,the curve of hydraulic cylinders' loads,flow and pressure are analyzed and the results show that they fluctuate highly in accordance with the real situation. The study provides data support for the development of a hydraulic quadruped robot's physical prototype.展开更多
基金This work is supported by the NationalNatural Science Foundation of China(No.52075350)the Major Science and Technology Projects of Sichuan Province(No.2022ZDZX0001)the Special City-University Strategic Cooperation Project of Sichuan University and Zigong Municipality(No.2021CDZG-3).
文摘Regarding the spatial profile extraction method of a multi-field co-simulation dataset,different extraction directions,locations,and numbers of profileswill greatly affect the representativeness and integrity of data.In this study,a multi-field co-simulation data extractionmethod based on adaptive infinitesimal elements is proposed.Themultifield co-simulation dataset based on related infinitesimal elements is constructed,and the candidate directions of data profile extraction undergo dimension reduction by principal component analysis to determine the direction of data extraction.Based on the fireworks algorithm,the data profile with optimal representativeness is searched adaptively in different data extraction intervals to realize the adaptive calculation of data extraction micro-step length.The multi-field co-simulation data extraction process based on adaptive microelement is established and applied to the data extraction process of the multi-field co-simulation dataset of the sintering furnace.Compared with traditional data extraction methods for multi-field co-simulation,the approximate model constructed by the data extracted from the proposed method has higher construction efficiency.Meanwhile,the relative maximum absolute error,root mean square error,and coefficient of determination of the approximationmodel are better than those of the approximation model constructed by the data extracted from traditional methods,indicating higher accuracy,it is verified that the proposed method demonstrates sound adaptability and extraction efficiency.
基金supported by Science and Technology Support Plan of Suqian(H201510)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD)Nanjing Wurui Biodegradable Materials Research Institute.
文摘Poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)(PBAT)and poly(butylene succinate-co-adipate)(PBSA)blend films were prepared with different contents of a multifunctional epoxide chain extender Joncryl ADR-4468(ADR)or benzoyl peroxide(BPO).The long-chain-branching(LCB)introduced by ADR and branched/crosslinked entanglement induced by BPO increased melt elasticity,viscosity and compatibility,as indicated by thermal properties,rheological and morphological analyses.It was found that the elongation at break and the tensile strength were significantly improved,due to the enhancement of compatibility and the interfacial adhesion by the incorporation of ADR or BPO.The best mechanical properties were obtained in PBAT/PBSA/ADR(60/40/0.3)(A4T6A_(0.3))and PBAT/PBSA/BPO(60/40/0.9)(A4T6B_(0.9))films,respectively.With the rapid initiation of chain growth by BPO,it has significantly improved the transparency of the film.ADR and BPO can be used interchangeably in improving the comprehensive properties of PBAT/PBSA films,and it would provide more strategies for developing biodegradable materials for various applications.
基金supported by Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation (ZR2023MB038)National Natural Science Foundation of China (21808232 and 21978143)Financial support from the Qingdao University of Science and Technology
文摘The homogeneous/particulate fluidization flow regime is particularly suitable for handling the various gas–solid contact processes encountered in the chemical and energy industry.This work aimed to extend such a regime of Geldart-A particles by exerting the axial uniform and steady magnetic field.Under the action of the magnetic field,the overall homogeneous fluidization regime of Geldart-A magnetizable particles became composed of two parts:inherent homogeneous fluidization and newly-created magnetic stabilization.Since the former remained almost unchanged whereas the latter became broader as the magnetic field intensity increased,the overall homogeneous fluidization regime could be extended remarkably.As for Geldart-A nonmagnetizable particles,certain amount of magnetizable particles had to be premixed to transmit the magnetic stabilization.Among others,the mere addition of magnetizable particles could broaden the homogeneous fluidization regime.The added content of magnetizable particles had an optimal value with smaller/lighter ones working better.The added magnetizable particles might raise the ratio between the interparticle force and the particle gravity.After the magnetic field was exerted,the homogeneous fluidization regime was further expanded due to the formation of magnetic stabilization flow regime.The more the added magnetizable particles,the better the magnetic performance and the broader the overall homogeneous fluidization regime.Smaller/lighter magnetizable particles were preferred to maximize the magnetic performance and extend the overall homogeneous fluidization regime.This phenomenon could be ascribed to that the added magnetizable particles themselves became more Geldart-A than-B type as their density or size decreased.
基金supported by the Ministry of Higher Education under the Fundamental Research Grant Scheme(FRGS/1/2021/SKK0/UPM/02/8)the Universiti Putra Malaysia Research University Grant Scheme(GP/IPS/2021/9702000).
文摘Objective:To determine the distribution,phenotypic and genetic background of extended spectrumβ-lactamases(ESBL)-producing Klebsiella(K.)pneumoniae clinical isolates associated with K1 and K2 serotypes in two selected hospitals in Malaysia.Methods:A total of 192 K.pneumoniae isolates were collected and subjected to antibiotic susceptibility,hypermucoviscosity test and multiplex PCR to detect the presence of K1-and K2-serotype associated genes.Multilocus sequence typing(MLST)was performed on ESBL-producing K.pneumoniae isolates presented with K1 and K2 serotypes,followed by phylogenetic analysis.Results:A total of 87 out of 192(45.3%)of the K.pneumoniae isolates collected were ESBL producers.However,only 8.3%(16/192)and 10.9%(21/192)of the total isolates were detected to carry K1-and K2-serotype associated genes,respectively.Statistical analysis showed that K1 and K2 capsular serotypes were not significantly associated with ESBL phenotype(P=0.196).However,they were significantly associated with hypervirulent,as demonstrated by the positive string test(P<0.001).MLST analysis revealed that ST23 as the predominant sequence type(ST)in the K1 serotype,while the ST in the K2 serotype is more diverse.Conclusions:Although the occurrence of ESBL-producing isolates among the hypervirulent strains was low,their coexistence warrants the need for continuous surveillance.MLST showed that these isolates were genetically heterogeneous.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61873126)。
文摘In this paper,a bandwidth-adjustable extended state observer(ABESO)is proposed for the systems with measurement noise.It is known that increasing the bandwidth of the observer improves the tracking speed but tolerates noise,which conflicts with observation accuracy.Therefore,we introduce a bandwidth scaling factor such that ABESO is formulated to a 2-degree-of-freedom system.The observer gain is determined and the bandwidth scaling factor adjusts the bandwidth according to the tracking error.When the tracking error decreases,the bandwidth decreases to suppress the noise,otherwise the bandwidth does not change.It is proven that the error dynamics are bounded and converge in finite time.The relationship between the upper bound of the estimation error and the scaling factor is given.When the scaling factor is less than 1,the ABESO has higher estimation accuracy than the linear extended state observer(LESO).Simulations of an uncertain nonlinear system with compound disturbances show that the proposed ABESO can successfully estimate the total disturbance in noisy environments.The mean error of total disturbance of ABESO is 15.28% lower than that of LESO.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.62265010,62061024)Gansu Province Science and Technology Plan (No.23YFGA0062)Gansu Province Innovation Fund (No.2022A-215)。
文摘A wireless sensor network mobile target tracking algorithm(ISO-EKF)based on improved snake optimization algorithm(ISO)is proposed to address the difficulty of estimating initial values when using extended Kalman filtering to solve the state of nonlinear mobile target tracking.First,the steps of extended Kalman filtering(EKF)are introduced.Second,the ISO is used to adjust the parameters of the EKF in real time to adapt to the current motion state of the mobile target.Finally,the effectiveness of the algorithm is demonstrated through filtering and tracking using the constant velocity circular motion model(CM).Under the specified conditions,the position and velocity mean square error curves are compared among the snake optimizer(SO)-EKF algorithm,EKF algorithm,and the proposed algorithm.The comparison shows that the proposed algorithm reduces the root mean square error of position by 52%and 41%compared to the SOEKF algorithm and EKF algorithm,respectively.
基金supported by Project No.R-2023-23 of the Deanship of Scientific Research at Majmaah University.
文摘At present,the prediction of brain tumors is performed using Machine Learning(ML)and Deep Learning(DL)algorithms.Although various ML and DL algorithms are adapted to predict brain tumors to some range,some concerns still need enhancement,particularly accuracy,sensitivity,false positive and false negative,to improve the brain tumor prediction system symmetrically.Therefore,this work proposed an Extended Deep Learning Algorithm(EDLA)to measure performance parameters such as accuracy,sensitivity,and false positive and false negative rates.In addition,these iterated measures were analyzed by comparing the EDLA method with the Convolutional Neural Network(CNN)way further using the SPSS tool,and respective graphical illustrations were shown.The results were that the mean performance measures for the proposed EDLA algorithm were calculated,and those measured were accuracy(97.665%),sensitivity(97.939%),false positive(3.012%),and false negative(3.182%)for ten iterations.Whereas in the case of the CNN,the algorithm means accuracy gained was 94.287%,mean sensitivity 95.612%,mean false positive 5.328%,and mean false negative 4.756%.These results show that the proposed EDLA method has outperformed existing algorithms,including CNN,and ensures symmetrically improved parameters.Thus EDLA algorithm introduces novelty concerning its performance and particular activation function.This proposed method will be utilized effectively in brain tumor detection in a precise and accurate manner.This algorithm would apply to brain tumor diagnosis and be involved in various medical diagnoses aftermodification.If the quantity of dataset records is enormous,then themethod’s computation power has to be updated.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant U23A20278in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 62171151in part by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities under Grant HIT.OCEF.2021012。
文摘The hybrid carrier(HC)system rooted in the carrier fusion concept is gradually garnering attention.In this paper,we study the extended hybrid carrier(EHC)multiple access scheme to ensure reliable wireless communication.By employing the EHC modulation,a power layered multiplexing framework is realized,which exhibits enhanced interference suppression capability owing to the more uniform energy distribution design.The implementation method and advantage mechanism are explicated respectively for the uplink and downlink,and the performance analysis under varying channel conditions is provided.In addition,considering the connectivity demand,we explore the non-orthogonal multiple access(NOMA)method of the EHC system and develop the EHC sparse code multiple access scheme.The proposed scheme melds the energy spread superiority of EHC with the access capacity of NOMA,facilitating superior support for massive connectivity in high mobility environments.Simulation results have verified the feasibility and advantages of the proposed scheme.Compared with existing HC multiple access schemes,the proposed scheme exhibits robust bit error rate performance and can better guarantee multiple access performance in complex scenarios of nextgeneration communications.
文摘Objective:To analyze the nursing effect of hierarchical extended nursing based on the guidance of Orem’s theory in patients with peripherally inserted central(PICC)catheterization.Methods:Ninety-one patients with PICC catheterization admitted to the hospital from May 2021 to May 2023 were selected and divided into a control group and an observation group,with 45 and 46 cases,respectively.The control group received routine nursing care,while the observation group received routine nursing care combined with hierarchical extended nursing based on the guidance of Orem’s theory for 3 months.Relevant indicators between the two groups were compared.Results:The improvement degree of various indicators in the observation group after nursing was better than that of the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Graded extended nursing based on the guidance of Orem’s theory improved the knowledge,belief,behavior,and self-efficacy of patients with PICC catheterization,and relieved their anxiety,depression,and other negative emotions.The nursing effect was deemed to be significant.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:21972108,U20A20249,U22A20438Changzhou Science and Technology Bureau,Grant/Award Number:CM20223017Innovation and Technology Commission(ITC)of Hong Kong,The Innovation&Technology Fund(ITF)with Project No.ITS/126/21。
文摘Iron‐based pyrophosphates are attractive cathodes for sodium‐ion batteries due to their large framework,cost‐effectiveness,and high energy density.However,the understanding of the crystal structure is scarce and only a limited candidates have been reported so far.In this work,we found for the first time that a continuous solid solution,Na_(4−α)Fe_(2+α)_(2)(P_(2)O_(7))_(2)(0≤α≤1,could be obtained by mutual substitution of cations at center‐symmetric Na3 and Na4 sites while keeping the crystal building blocks of anionic P2O7 unchanged.In particular,a novel off‐stoichiometric Na_(3)Fe(2.5)(P_(2)O_(7))_(2)is thus proposed,and its structure,energy storage mechanism,and electrochemical performance are extensively investigated to unveil the structure–function relationship.The as‐prepared off‐stoichiometric electrode delivers appealing performance with a reversible discharge capacity of 83 mAh g^(−1),a working voltage of 2.9 V(vs.Na^(+)/Na),the retention of 89.2%of the initial capacity after 500 cycles,and enhanced rate capability of 51 mAh g^(−1)at a current density of 1600 mA g^(−1).This research shows that sodium ferric pyrophosphate could form extended solid solution composition and promising phase is concealed in the range of Na_(4−α)Fe_(2+α)_(2)(P_(2)O_(7))_(2),offering more chances for exploration of new cathode materials for the construction of high‐performance SIBs.
文摘Objective:To analyze the effects of providing extended rehabilitation nursing services at home to patients with coronary heart disease(CHD)combined with heart failure(CHF)on psychological improvement and adherence to medical compliance behavior.Methods:79 patients with CHD with CHF admitted to Sijia Town Central Health Hospital,Haimen District,Nantong City,Jiangsu Province,between June 2021 and June 2023 were selected and grouped according to the randomized numerical table method.The control group(39 cases)was provided with conventional nursing care and extended rehabilitation nursing care at home was provided to the observation group(40 cases).The psychological status,adherence to medical behaviors,cardiac function,and complications between both groups were compared.Results:The scores of anxieties and depression self-assessment scales(SAS,SDS)of patients in the observation group were lower than those of the control group(t=2.954,3.212;P<0.05);the compliance of patients in the observation group was higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).The levels of left ventricular ejection fraction,end-systolic and end-diastolic internal diameters(LVEF,LVESD,LVEDD)of patients in the observation group at 58.02±5.34%,44.49±5.16 mm,and 49.16±5.76 mm respectively were better than those of the control group after nursing care(t=3.205,3.288,2.633;P<0.05);the complication rate of the observation group was lower than that of the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Extended rehabilitation nursing at home exhibited a psychological regulation effect on CHD with CHF patients,improved their medical compliance,improved cardiac function,reduced the incidence of complications,and had significant application value.
文摘Aim:To establish a method for cynomolgus monkey sperm cryopreservation in a chemically defined extender. Methods:Semen samples were collected by electro-ejaculation from four sexually mature male cynomolgus monkeys. The spermatozoa were frozen in straws by liquid nitrogen vapor using egg-yolk-free Tes-Tris (mTTE) synthetic extender and glycerol as cryoprotectant.The effects of glycerol concentration (1%,3 %,5 %,10 % and 15 % [v/v]) and its equilibration time (10 min,30 min,60 min and 90 min) on post-thaw spermatozoa were examined by sperm motility and sperm head membrane integrity.Results:The post-thaw motility and head membrane integrity of spermatozoa were significantly higher (P<0.05) for 5 % glycerol (42.95±2.55 and 50.39±2.42,respectively) than those of the other groups (1%:19.19±3.22 and 24.84±3.64;3 %:34.23±3.43 and 41.37±3.42;10 %: 15.68±2.36 and 21.39±3.14;15 %:7.47±1.44 and 12.90±2.18).The parameters for 30 min equilibration (42.95±2.55 and 50.39±2.42) were better (P<0.05) than those of the other groups (10 min:31.33±3.06 and 38. 98±3.31;60 min:32.49±3.86 and 40.01±4.18;90 min:31.16±3.66 and 38.30±3.78).Five percent glycerol and 30 min equilibration yielded the highest post-thaw sperm motility and head membrane integrity.Conclusion: Cynomolgus monkey spermatozoa can be successfully cryopreserved in a chemically defined extender,which is related to the concentration and the equilibration time of glycerol.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.50273035)
文摘A novel and facile method toward a series of yellow water-borne polyurethane was developed by using an intrinsically colored diol in this paper.The yellow aqueous dispersion PCLD-HENA-PU was synthesized based on isophorone diisocyanate(IPDI), polycaprolactonediol(PCLD) and 2,2-dimethylol propionic acid(DMPA) using a yellow diol N,N-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-nitroaniline (HENA) as a chain extender.Due to the complete reaction of OH group in colorant HENA with NCO group in diisocyanate,a series of stable yellow p...
文摘To decrease the modulus and increase the mechanical properties of recycled PET by introducing the flexible segments, the recycled polyethylene-terephthalate(PET) was modified by the chain extender produced with 2, 4, 6, 8-tetramethyl-2, 4, 6, 8-tetra(2, 3-epoxypropoxy) propylcyclotetrasiloxane by the hydrosilylation reaction. Different percentages of chain extender were used in order to investigate the effect of chain extender content on the modulus of PET. The dynamic mechanical analysis was performed on PET samples, which showed that Tg of PET was firstly raised by the addition of chain extender and then decreased. Small amplitude shearing test performed on PET samples confirmed that the addition of the flexible segments could remarkably decrease the modulus of PET, which would be helpful for the extrusion process. The entanglements from branches were also influenced by the addition of extender.
文摘Aim: To evaluate two extenders and two cryoprotectant agents (CPA) for alpaca semen cryopreservation. Methods: Semen samples were obtained from four adult alpacas (Lama pacos) and frozen using extender Ⅰ (TRIS, citrate, egg yolk and glucose) or extender Ⅱ (skim milk, egg yolk and fructose), each containing either glycerol (G) or ethylene glycol (EG) as CPA. Consequently, four groups were formed: 1) extender Ⅰ-G; 2) extender Ⅰ-EG; 3) extender Ⅱ-G; and 4) extender Ⅱ-EG. Semen was diluted in a two-step process: for cooling to 5 ℃ (extenders without CPA), and for freezing (extenders with CPA). Viability and acrosome integrity were assessed using trypan blue and Giemsa stains. Results: When compared, the motility after thawing was higher (P 〈 0.05) in groups Ⅱ-EG (20.0 %±6.7 %) and Ⅱ-G (15.3 %±4.1%) than that in groups Ⅰ-G (4.0 %±1.1%) and Ⅰ-EG (1.0 %±1.4 %). Viable spermatozoa with intact acrosomes in groups Ⅱ-EG (18.7 %±2.9 %) and Ⅱ-G (12.7 %±5.9 %) were higher than that in groups Ⅰ-G (5.7 %±1.5 %) and Ⅰ-EG (4.0 %±1.0 %). Conclusion: The skim milk- and egg yolk-based extenders containing ethylene glycol or glycerol to freeze alpaca semen seems to promote the survival of more sperm cells with intact acrosomes than the other extenders. (Asian J Androl 2005 Sep; 7: 303-309)
文摘In order to observe the change and fluctuation in flow and pressure of a hydraulic quadruped robot's hydraulic system when the robot walks on trot gait,a co-simulation method based on ADAMS and AMESim is proposed. Firstly,the change rule in each swing angle of the hydraulic quadruped robot's four legs is analyzed and converted to the displacement change of the hydraulic cylinder by calculating their geometric relationship.Secondly,the robot's dynamic model is built in ADAMS and its hydraulic and control system models are built in AMESim. The displacement change of the hydraulic cylinder in the hydraulic system is used as the driving function of the dynamics model in ADAMS,and the driving force of the dynamics model is used as the loads of the hydraulic system in AMESim. By introducing the PID closed-loop control in the control system,the co-simulation between hydraulic system and mechanical system is implemented. Finally,the curve of hydraulic cylinders' loads,flow and pressure are analyzed and the results show that they fluctuate highly in accordance with the real situation. The study provides data support for the development of a hydraulic quadruped robot's physical prototype.