Emissions of biogenic sulfur gases(hydrogen sulfide(H_2S) and carbonyl sulfide(COS)) from Phragmites australis coastal marsh in the Yellow River estuary of China were determined during April to December in 2014 using ...Emissions of biogenic sulfur gases(hydrogen sulfide(H_2S) and carbonyl sulfide(COS)) from Phragmites australis coastal marsh in the Yellow River estuary of China were determined during April to December in 2014 using static chamber-gas chromatography technique with monthly sampling. The results showed that the fluxes of H_2S and COS both had distinct seasonal and diurnal variations. The H_2S fluxes ranged from 0.09 μg/(m^2·h) to 7.65 μg/(m^2·h), and the COS fluxes ranged from –1.10 μg/(m^2·h) to 3.32 μg/(m^2·h). The mean fluxes of H_2S and COS from the P. australis coastal marsh were 2.28 μg/(m^2·h), and 1.05 μg/(m^2·h), respectively. The P. australis coastal marsh was the emission source of both H_2S and COS over the whole year. Fluxes of H_2S and COS were both higher in plant growing season than in the non-growing season. Temperature had a dramatic effect on the H_2S emission flux, while the correlations between COS flux and the environmental factors were not found during sampling periods. More in-depth and comprehensive research on other related factors, such as vegetation, sediment substrates, and tidal action is needed to discover and further understand the key factors and the release mechanism of sulfur gases.展开更多
This paper discusses in detail the distributions, plant charactenstics and environmental conditions of the coastal vegetated wetlands in China. In contrast to most of fhe European and American salt marshes where Spart...This paper discusses in detail the distributions, plant charactenstics and environmental conditions of the coastal vegetated wetlands in China. In contrast to most of fhe European and American salt marshes where Spartina is dominant, the China's ones are dominated by Suaeda in area. Given a great amount of fine sediments by rivers, China's coastal wetlands are accumulated rapidly. Ths factor combined with the human's ruthless reclaimation makes the marshes inmature. The vegetated wetlands are classified into four types, each having differential features in geomorphological background, deposits and vegetation.展开更多
The application of multivariate data analysis, a method for coping with multi-colinearity among independent variables in analyzing coastal water quality data, is presented. This study investigates the statistical regr...The application of multivariate data analysis, a method for coping with multi-colinearity among independent variables in analyzing coastal water quality data, is presented. This study investigates the statistical regression modeling of FIB （fecal indicator bacteria） concentrations at the outlet of Talbert Marsh in Orange County, California. The multivariate data modeling utilized FIB and physical variables measurements （n = 5,580） collected during a series of longitudinal study of the Talbert Marsh. For the statistical prediction modeling in predicting the FIB concentrations at the outlet of the Talbert Marsh, multivariate analysis techniques such as PCR （principal components regression）, PLS （partial least-squares） regression and SVM （support vector machine） regression were adopted. Statistical modeling results suggest that the statistical modeling predictions are all fell within the reasonable range of actual measurement data. In addition, it is indicated that the accuracy of SVM regression for predicting FIB concentrations at the Talbert Marsh outlet is better than that of other models.展开更多
Knowledge about plant diversity along disturbance gradients is essential for conservation and management of fragmented coastal habitats.This study examined the effects of human disturbance intensity in coastal habitat...Knowledge about plant diversity along disturbance gradients is essential for conservation and management of fragmented coastal habitats.This study examined the effects of human disturbance intensity in coastal habitats of Kuwait on diversity,composition,identity and assemblage of vascular plant species.Plant survey data from 113 plots （5m×5m each） were randomly selected in 51 sites at coastal fragmented habitats at three levels of disturbance intensities （high,moderate and low） and were statistically analyzed.The results revealed that about 76% of the recorded species are considered threatened species in Kuwait,most of which are being lost in high disturbed habitats.Disturbance led to the dominance of Zygophyllum qatarense,Cornulaca aucheri and Salsola imbricata,which are species of disturbance indicators.Richness,total plant cover and species diversity were higher in moderate and low disturbed habitats than in high disturbed habitats.Beta diversity between high and low disturbed habitats was higher than either between high and moderate,or between moderate and low disturbed habitats.Cluster analyses showed statistically significant differences in composition of plant assemblages,which indicate high beta diversity between the habitat types.Intensive urbanization and industrialization are among the most serious threats that contribute to declines in biological diversity and rapid fragmentation of coastal habitats in Kuwait.Establishing protective enclosures in the disturbed habitats,planting endangered and vulnerable species,and establishing a natural reserve at Nuwaiseeb are recommended conservation actions to avoid loss of the fragmented coastal habitats and to facilitate restoration of native plants.展开更多
The Tuckerton Peninsula, a large expanse (~2000 ha) of highly inundated Spartina alterniflora salt marsh habitat, forms one of the most extensive coastal wetland systems in New Jersey (USA). It is projected to be amon...The Tuckerton Peninsula, a large expanse (~2000 ha) of highly inundated Spartina alterniflora salt marsh habitat, forms one of the most extensive coastal wetland systems in New Jersey (USA). It is projected to be among the first salt marsh systems in New Jersey to be lost by rising sea level driven by climate change. The changes that occur in the demographic, ecologic, and ecogeomorphic characteristics of the salt marsh habitat at this location will be vital to understanding future habitat change in coastal wetlands in the Mid-Atlantic region. As a consequence, the Tuckerton Peninsula salt marsh system is designated as a sentinel site of the Jacques Cousteau National Estuarine Research Reserve (JCNERR) for the detection, monitoring, and assessment of climate change effects, most notably sea-level rise and inundation. Development of the Tuckerton Peninsula as a sentinel site requires a high accuracy local geodetic control network to connect existing water quality monitoring stations, vegetation transects and monitoring surface elevation tables, ground water wells, and digital elevation models on the same vertical datum. The integration of these monitoring infrastructure components is crucial to effective operation of the sentinel site. It will enable the collection of essential data to assess rates of marsh migration and upland transgression, as well as delineate key natural and anthropogenic drivers influencing habitat condition and change. The JCNERR sentinel site designation supports the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s long-term goal of assessing coastal vulnerability in the USA to climate change and generating data useful for forging climate adaptation and mitigation initiatives for coastal communities. Habitat and vertical control data collected at this sentinel site will be made available to decision makers across the nation and will enable them to determine how the loss of critical salt marsh habitat will affect coastal communities, their adaptation to future habitat loss, and their development of mitigation plans to address impacts and enhance resiliency.展开更多
The Gelsari and Lentini marshes, in east-central Sicily, are wetland under heavy anthropogenic pressure. This area is regularly subjected to water withdrawals and agriculture is practiced. Periodic bird census activit...The Gelsari and Lentini marshes, in east-central Sicily, are wetland under heavy anthropogenic pressure. This area is regularly subjected to water withdrawals and agriculture is practiced. Periodic bird census activities had been conducted in this area between 2016 and 2022 with collected data being supplemented with the data from a previous survey conducted between 2010 and 2016. During the censuses, numerous photographs were collected, which were later used for counts. In total, 121 surveys were carried out, with visits occurring approximately 20 times per year, covering all seasons. The data collected, both from bibliography and unpublished observations, were organised in table. 120 species and subspecies have been reported, 41 of which are in Annex I of the Birds Directive. Between 2021 and 2022, a water column measurement was taken in a central area of the Lentini marsh and compared with rainfall data in the area. It was found that water removal, occurring in both marshes in different modes, produced different effects on habitat conservation. Of the two marshes, Lentini is the one in which the existing favorable conditions in its most depressed areas, located below sea level, have allowed for the adequate conservation of the wetland. This environmental improvement having occurred with respect to the previous period has restored to the marsh its historically recognized possibility of not drying up completely during the summer period, allowing permanence of numerous birds. The obtained results suggest total elimination of agriculture and discontinuation of water withdrawals in the Lentini marsh as well as regulation of withdrawals in the Gelsari marsh.展开更多
碱蓬遥感是滨海盐沼植被遥感的重要部分。本文以中国知网、ScienceDirect、Web of Science为主要数据库,通过检索过去50余年滨海湿地碱蓬遥感论文成果,归纳了碱蓬遥感研究发文量的年际变化情况,探讨了碱蓬遥感的研究进展、存在问题和未...碱蓬遥感是滨海盐沼植被遥感的重要部分。本文以中国知网、ScienceDirect、Web of Science为主要数据库,通过检索过去50余年滨海湿地碱蓬遥感论文成果,归纳了碱蓬遥感研究发文量的年际变化情况,探讨了碱蓬遥感的研究进展、存在问题和未来展望。论文总结了发文量的年际变化情况,将碱蓬遥感研究划分为空白期、萌芽期和发展期3个阶段,从碱蓬光谱特征、信息提取、生物物理和化学参数反演、退化机制和碳储量估算方面进行研究综述,指出存在的问题并对未来研究提出4点建议。本研究可为全面了解碱蓬遥感发展现状、准确把握碱蓬遥感研究前沿、深入挖掘碱蓬遥感潜在研究热点提供重要参考。展开更多
滨海盐沼(Coastal salt marsh or tidal marsh)是具备多种重要生态和经济功能的海岸带生态系统。对滨海盐沼生态系统生态格局的深入研究,可为滨海湿地管理和恢复提供有益经验。广西滨海盐沼生态系统物种多样性较高,原生种类丰富。原生...滨海盐沼(Coastal salt marsh or tidal marsh)是具备多种重要生态和经济功能的海岸带生态系统。对滨海盐沼生态系统生态格局的深入研究,可为滨海湿地管理和恢复提供有益经验。广西滨海盐沼生态系统物种多样性较高,原生种类丰富。原生滨海盐沼种类中分布面积较大的茳芏和短叶茳芏集中分布于南流江、钦江和茅岭江河口区,常与红树林(Mangrove)形成滨海盐沼-红树林生态交错带或单一种群;外来入侵种互花米草盐沼分布面积占比大,且呈持续向西扩散趋势。广西滨海盐沼丰富的多样性及盐沼-红树林生态交错带的天然存在为全球气候变化、生物入侵及人为干扰下滨海湿地生态学的研究提供良好的对象,具备独特的科研价值,需要引起高度重视并进行有效保护。本文通过阐述广西滨海盐沼生态系统的分布、类型与特点,综述其研究状况,总结其研究特色,以期为广西滨海湿地生态学的深入研究提供新的线索,促进我国滨海盐沼湿地生态学的研究和发展,并为广西甚至我国滨海湿地生态系统的决策者、管理者等提供参考依据。展开更多
基金National Nature Science Foundation of China(No.41103036)Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,China(No.BS2009HZ013)
文摘Emissions of biogenic sulfur gases(hydrogen sulfide(H_2S) and carbonyl sulfide(COS)) from Phragmites australis coastal marsh in the Yellow River estuary of China were determined during April to December in 2014 using static chamber-gas chromatography technique with monthly sampling. The results showed that the fluxes of H_2S and COS both had distinct seasonal and diurnal variations. The H_2S fluxes ranged from 0.09 μg/(m^2·h) to 7.65 μg/(m^2·h), and the COS fluxes ranged from –1.10 μg/(m^2·h) to 3.32 μg/(m^2·h). The mean fluxes of H_2S and COS from the P. australis coastal marsh were 2.28 μg/(m^2·h), and 1.05 μg/(m^2·h), respectively. The P. australis coastal marsh was the emission source of both H_2S and COS over the whole year. Fluxes of H_2S and COS were both higher in plant growing season than in the non-growing season. Temperature had a dramatic effect on the H_2S emission flux, while the correlations between COS flux and the environmental factors were not found during sampling periods. More in-depth and comprehensive research on other related factors, such as vegetation, sediment substrates, and tidal action is needed to discover and further understand the key factors and the release mechanism of sulfur gases.
文摘This paper discusses in detail the distributions, plant charactenstics and environmental conditions of the coastal vegetated wetlands in China. In contrast to most of fhe European and American salt marshes where Spartina is dominant, the China's ones are dominated by Suaeda in area. Given a great amount of fine sediments by rivers, China's coastal wetlands are accumulated rapidly. Ths factor combined with the human's ruthless reclaimation makes the marshes inmature. The vegetated wetlands are classified into four types, each having differential features in geomorphological background, deposits and vegetation.
文摘The application of multivariate data analysis, a method for coping with multi-colinearity among independent variables in analyzing coastal water quality data, is presented. This study investigates the statistical regression modeling of FIB （fecal indicator bacteria） concentrations at the outlet of Talbert Marsh in Orange County, California. The multivariate data modeling utilized FIB and physical variables measurements （n = 5,580） collected during a series of longitudinal study of the Talbert Marsh. For the statistical prediction modeling in predicting the FIB concentrations at the outlet of the Talbert Marsh, multivariate analysis techniques such as PCR （principal components regression）, PLS （partial least-squares） regression and SVM （support vector machine） regression were adopted. Statistical modeling results suggest that the statistical modeling predictions are all fell within the reasonable range of actual measurement data. In addition, it is indicated that the accuracy of SVM regression for predicting FIB concentrations at the Talbert Marsh outlet is better than that of other models.
文摘Knowledge about plant diversity along disturbance gradients is essential for conservation and management of fragmented coastal habitats.This study examined the effects of human disturbance intensity in coastal habitats of Kuwait on diversity,composition,identity and assemblage of vascular plant species.Plant survey data from 113 plots （5m×5m each） were randomly selected in 51 sites at coastal fragmented habitats at three levels of disturbance intensities （high,moderate and low） and were statistically analyzed.The results revealed that about 76% of the recorded species are considered threatened species in Kuwait,most of which are being lost in high disturbed habitats.Disturbance led to the dominance of Zygophyllum qatarense,Cornulaca aucheri and Salsola imbricata,which are species of disturbance indicators.Richness,total plant cover and species diversity were higher in moderate and low disturbed habitats than in high disturbed habitats.Beta diversity between high and low disturbed habitats was higher than either between high and moderate,or between moderate and low disturbed habitats.Cluster analyses showed statistically significant differences in composition of plant assemblages,which indicate high beta diversity between the habitat types.Intensive urbanization and industrialization are among the most serious threats that contribute to declines in biological diversity and rapid fragmentation of coastal habitats in Kuwait.Establishing protective enclosures in the disturbed habitats,planting endangered and vulnerable species,and establishing a natural reserve at Nuwaiseeb are recommended conservation actions to avoid loss of the fragmented coastal habitats and to facilitate restoration of native plants.
文摘The Tuckerton Peninsula, a large expanse (~2000 ha) of highly inundated Spartina alterniflora salt marsh habitat, forms one of the most extensive coastal wetland systems in New Jersey (USA). It is projected to be among the first salt marsh systems in New Jersey to be lost by rising sea level driven by climate change. The changes that occur in the demographic, ecologic, and ecogeomorphic characteristics of the salt marsh habitat at this location will be vital to understanding future habitat change in coastal wetlands in the Mid-Atlantic region. As a consequence, the Tuckerton Peninsula salt marsh system is designated as a sentinel site of the Jacques Cousteau National Estuarine Research Reserve (JCNERR) for the detection, monitoring, and assessment of climate change effects, most notably sea-level rise and inundation. Development of the Tuckerton Peninsula as a sentinel site requires a high accuracy local geodetic control network to connect existing water quality monitoring stations, vegetation transects and monitoring surface elevation tables, ground water wells, and digital elevation models on the same vertical datum. The integration of these monitoring infrastructure components is crucial to effective operation of the sentinel site. It will enable the collection of essential data to assess rates of marsh migration and upland transgression, as well as delineate key natural and anthropogenic drivers influencing habitat condition and change. The JCNERR sentinel site designation supports the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s long-term goal of assessing coastal vulnerability in the USA to climate change and generating data useful for forging climate adaptation and mitigation initiatives for coastal communities. Habitat and vertical control data collected at this sentinel site will be made available to decision makers across the nation and will enable them to determine how the loss of critical salt marsh habitat will affect coastal communities, their adaptation to future habitat loss, and their development of mitigation plans to address impacts and enhance resiliency.
文摘The Gelsari and Lentini marshes, in east-central Sicily, are wetland under heavy anthropogenic pressure. This area is regularly subjected to water withdrawals and agriculture is practiced. Periodic bird census activities had been conducted in this area between 2016 and 2022 with collected data being supplemented with the data from a previous survey conducted between 2010 and 2016. During the censuses, numerous photographs were collected, which were later used for counts. In total, 121 surveys were carried out, with visits occurring approximately 20 times per year, covering all seasons. The data collected, both from bibliography and unpublished observations, were organised in table. 120 species and subspecies have been reported, 41 of which are in Annex I of the Birds Directive. Between 2021 and 2022, a water column measurement was taken in a central area of the Lentini marsh and compared with rainfall data in the area. It was found that water removal, occurring in both marshes in different modes, produced different effects on habitat conservation. Of the two marshes, Lentini is the one in which the existing favorable conditions in its most depressed areas, located below sea level, have allowed for the adequate conservation of the wetland. This environmental improvement having occurred with respect to the previous period has restored to the marsh its historically recognized possibility of not drying up completely during the summer period, allowing permanence of numerous birds. The obtained results suggest total elimination of agriculture and discontinuation of water withdrawals in the Lentini marsh as well as regulation of withdrawals in the Gelsari marsh.
文摘碱蓬遥感是滨海盐沼植被遥感的重要部分。本文以中国知网、ScienceDirect、Web of Science为主要数据库,通过检索过去50余年滨海湿地碱蓬遥感论文成果,归纳了碱蓬遥感研究发文量的年际变化情况,探讨了碱蓬遥感的研究进展、存在问题和未来展望。论文总结了发文量的年际变化情况,将碱蓬遥感研究划分为空白期、萌芽期和发展期3个阶段,从碱蓬光谱特征、信息提取、生物物理和化学参数反演、退化机制和碳储量估算方面进行研究综述,指出存在的问题并对未来研究提出4点建议。本研究可为全面了解碱蓬遥感发展现状、准确把握碱蓬遥感研究前沿、深入挖掘碱蓬遥感潜在研究热点提供重要参考。
文摘滨海盐沼(Coastal salt marsh or tidal marsh)是具备多种重要生态和经济功能的海岸带生态系统。对滨海盐沼生态系统生态格局的深入研究,可为滨海湿地管理和恢复提供有益经验。广西滨海盐沼生态系统物种多样性较高,原生种类丰富。原生滨海盐沼种类中分布面积较大的茳芏和短叶茳芏集中分布于南流江、钦江和茅岭江河口区,常与红树林(Mangrove)形成滨海盐沼-红树林生态交错带或单一种群;外来入侵种互花米草盐沼分布面积占比大,且呈持续向西扩散趋势。广西滨海盐沼丰富的多样性及盐沼-红树林生态交错带的天然存在为全球气候变化、生物入侵及人为干扰下滨海湿地生态学的研究提供良好的对象,具备独特的科研价值,需要引起高度重视并进行有效保护。本文通过阐述广西滨海盐沼生态系统的分布、类型与特点,综述其研究状况,总结其研究特色,以期为广西滨海湿地生态学的深入研究提供新的线索,促进我国滨海盐沼湿地生态学的研究和发展,并为广西甚至我国滨海湿地生态系统的决策者、管理者等提供参考依据。
