探究不同有机物料投入对滨海盐碱地土壤理化性质及玉米生长发育的调控作用,为滨海盐碱地夏玉米生产提供理论依据。试验于2021-2022年夏玉米生长季在山东省滨州市无棣县滨海盐碱型农田进行。有机物料类型及用量分别为腐植酸(3000 kg hm^(...探究不同有机物料投入对滨海盐碱地土壤理化性质及玉米生长发育的调控作用,为滨海盐碱地夏玉米生产提供理论依据。试验于2021-2022年夏玉米生长季在山东省滨州市无棣县滨海盐碱型农田进行。有机物料类型及用量分别为腐植酸(3000 kg hm^(–2), HA)、生物炭(15,000 kg hm^(–2), BC)、生物有机肥(15,000 kg hm^(–2), BO),以不添加有机物料为对照(CK),探究0~40 cm土层土壤容重、总孔隙度、田间持水量、pH值、电导率及总有机碳含量的变化,分析不同有机物料投入对玉米地上部干物质积累和产量形成的影响。结果表明,腐植酸、生物炭和生物有机肥的施用均可在一定程度上改善盐碱土理化性质。3种有机物料连续处理能有效降低表层土壤容重,增加土壤总孔隙度和田间持水量;可显著降低0~10cm土层pH,分别平均降低0.17、0.08和0.20。连续施用2年后,腐植酸显著降低0~40cm土层电导率,平均降低32.74%;3种有机物料显著增加0~20 cm土层中总有机碳的含量,其中生物炭处理能显著增加57.99%。腐植酸和生物有机肥处理显著增加夏玉米地上部干物质积累量和产量;连续使用2年后腐植酸处理产量显著增加了11.01%,表现较好。综上所述,本试验条件下腐植酸施用后能改善土壤物理结构、降低0~10 cm土层pH、提高土壤中有机碳含量、显著降低土壤电导率,促进夏玉米地上部干物质积累、提高籽粒产量,且连续施用2年后较CK增加纯收益。故而腐植酸可作为改良滨海盐碱地土壤理化性状、促进夏玉米生长发育的有机物料。生物有机肥的施用可改善土壤理化性状,但仍需进行定位试验以验证其长期经济效应。展开更多
Aims The effects of biocrusts on vascular plants are rarely evaluated in coastal saline lands.Our aim was to examine whether and how a mosaic of biocrusts affect seed germination of two typical herbaceous plants in a ...Aims The effects of biocrusts on vascular plants are rarely evaluated in coastal saline lands.Our aim was to examine whether and how a mosaic of biocrusts affect seed germination of two typical herbaceous plants in a coastal saline land of the Yellow River Delta,to enhance our understanding by which substrate heterogeneity influences plant community dynamics.Methods We conducted growth chamber experiments to investigate the effects of biocrusts and uncrusted soil from bare patch-,Phragmites australis-,Suaeda glauca-and Tamarix chinensis-dominated habitats on seed germination percentage and mean germination time of two herbaceous plants:the perennial P.australis and the annual S.glauca.We also explored the mechanisms underlying the effects of substrate on seed germination.Important Findings Compared with uncrusted soil,biocrusts increased water content,nutrient accumulation and concentration of most salt ions,but they reduced soil pH value.Biocrusts with mosses directly decreased soil pH value and concentration of Mg2+,resulting in an indirect increase in seed germination percentage of S.glaucas.The low soil pH value also resulted in an indirect decrease in seed germination speed of P.australis in their own habitats.Bare patch directly increased accumulation of Cl?,resulting in an indirect decrease in seed germination speed of P.australis.These results suggest that biocrusts with mosses in P.australis habitats offer a window of opportunity for germination of S.glaucas.Biocrusts combined with habitat type have the potential to influence plant community structure through an effect on seed germination and establishment.展开更多
Salinization of soil is a worldwide problem concerning resources and ecology,especially serious in coastal areas.Testing of 26 sorts of data or parameters are carried out on leaves of 22 plant species(in 24 plant vari...Salinization of soil is a worldwide problem concerning resources and ecology,especially serious in coastal areas.Testing of 26 sorts of data or parameters are carried out on leaves of 22 plant species(in 24 plant variety) of existing main salt-tolerant plant of the Yellow River Delta region.Data or parameters include the following ele-ments:contents of K+,Na+,Ca2+,Mg2+ and Cl-,contents of protein,fat,total energy,ash and contents of 17 amino acids.The results show that these tested plants have economic values.For example,according to their uses,they can be divided into edible plants,forage plants,medicine or health plants,and some of them can be used for multipurposes.These plants have played important roles in the sustainable utilization of plant resources in coastal areas.This paper has taken evaluations on the economic uses of salt-tolerant plants and given suggestions for saline soil improvement and resource utilization in coastal areas.Based on the results of investigation and experiments,we suppose that the salt-tolerant plants in coastal areas can be grouped into 9 main groups according to their economic value:pioneer plants for saline land improvement,medicine,edible and forage plants,industry material,forestation,breeding material,energy plants and eco-tourism resources.展开更多
文摘探究不同有机物料投入对滨海盐碱地土壤理化性质及玉米生长发育的调控作用,为滨海盐碱地夏玉米生产提供理论依据。试验于2021-2022年夏玉米生长季在山东省滨州市无棣县滨海盐碱型农田进行。有机物料类型及用量分别为腐植酸(3000 kg hm^(–2), HA)、生物炭(15,000 kg hm^(–2), BC)、生物有机肥(15,000 kg hm^(–2), BO),以不添加有机物料为对照(CK),探究0~40 cm土层土壤容重、总孔隙度、田间持水量、pH值、电导率及总有机碳含量的变化,分析不同有机物料投入对玉米地上部干物质积累和产量形成的影响。结果表明,腐植酸、生物炭和生物有机肥的施用均可在一定程度上改善盐碱土理化性质。3种有机物料连续处理能有效降低表层土壤容重,增加土壤总孔隙度和田间持水量;可显著降低0~10cm土层pH,分别平均降低0.17、0.08和0.20。连续施用2年后,腐植酸显著降低0~40cm土层电导率,平均降低32.74%;3种有机物料显著增加0~20 cm土层中总有机碳的含量,其中生物炭处理能显著增加57.99%。腐植酸和生物有机肥处理显著增加夏玉米地上部干物质积累量和产量;连续使用2年后腐植酸处理产量显著增加了11.01%,表现较好。综上所述,本试验条件下腐植酸施用后能改善土壤物理结构、降低0~10 cm土层pH、提高土壤中有机碳含量、显著降低土壤电导率,促进夏玉米地上部干物质积累、提高籽粒产量,且连续施用2年后较CK增加纯收益。故而腐植酸可作为改良滨海盐碱地土壤理化性状、促进夏玉米生长发育的有机物料。生物有机肥的施用可改善土壤理化性状,但仍需进行定位试验以验证其长期经济效应。
基金This research was supported by the Joint Funds of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U2006215)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2019PDO08,ZR2020MDOO7)+1 种基金the National Nature Science Foundation of China(41971126)Taishan Scholars Program of Shandong Province,China(TSQN201909152).
文摘Aims The effects of biocrusts on vascular plants are rarely evaluated in coastal saline lands.Our aim was to examine whether and how a mosaic of biocrusts affect seed germination of two typical herbaceous plants in a coastal saline land of the Yellow River Delta,to enhance our understanding by which substrate heterogeneity influences plant community dynamics.Methods We conducted growth chamber experiments to investigate the effects of biocrusts and uncrusted soil from bare patch-,Phragmites australis-,Suaeda glauca-and Tamarix chinensis-dominated habitats on seed germination percentage and mean germination time of two herbaceous plants:the perennial P.australis and the annual S.glauca.We also explored the mechanisms underlying the effects of substrate on seed germination.Important Findings Compared with uncrusted soil,biocrusts increased water content,nutrient accumulation and concentration of most salt ions,but they reduced soil pH value.Biocrusts with mosses directly decreased soil pH value and concentration of Mg2+,resulting in an indirect increase in seed germination percentage of S.glaucas.The low soil pH value also resulted in an indirect decrease in seed germination speed of P.australis in their own habitats.Bare patch directly increased accumulation of Cl?,resulting in an indirect decrease in seed germination speed of P.australis.These results suggest that biocrusts with mosses in P.australis habitats offer a window of opportunity for germination of S.glaucas.Biocrusts combined with habitat type have the potential to influence plant community structure through an effect on seed germination and establishment.
文摘Salinization of soil is a worldwide problem concerning resources and ecology,especially serious in coastal areas.Testing of 26 sorts of data or parameters are carried out on leaves of 22 plant species(in 24 plant variety) of existing main salt-tolerant plant of the Yellow River Delta region.Data or parameters include the following ele-ments:contents of K+,Na+,Ca2+,Mg2+ and Cl-,contents of protein,fat,total energy,ash and contents of 17 amino acids.The results show that these tested plants have economic values.For example,according to their uses,they can be divided into edible plants,forage plants,medicine or health plants,and some of them can be used for multipurposes.These plants have played important roles in the sustainable utilization of plant resources in coastal areas.This paper has taken evaluations on the economic uses of salt-tolerant plants and given suggestions for saline soil improvement and resource utilization in coastal areas.Based on the results of investigation and experiments,we suppose that the salt-tolerant plants in coastal areas can be grouped into 9 main groups according to their economic value:pioneer plants for saline land improvement,medicine,edible and forage plants,industry material,forestation,breeding material,energy plants and eco-tourism resources.
