Effect of leaf essential oil of Coccinia indica on egg hatchability and different larval instars of malarial mosquito Anopheles stephensi

Objective:To assess the larvicidal and egg hatching inhibition property of the leaf essential oil of Cocrinia indica（C.indica） against Anopheles stephensi（An.stephensi）.Methods:The larvicidal potential of C.indica leaf essential oil was evaluated against 1st.2nd.3rd and 4th instars larvae of An.stephensi using WHO protocol.The 24h LC50and LC90 values of the essential oil were determined following probit analysis.The egg hatching inhibition activity was also tested at 10.20.40.and 60 mg/L The IC50 value of essential oil was determined against eggs of An. stephensi.Results:The essential oil extracted from C.indica possessed excellent larvicidal and egg hatching inhibition activity against An.stephensi.The bioassays showed LC50—LC90of 54.3- 140.3.65.5-155.6,86.8-180.7 and 95.3-192.6 for 1 st.2nd.3rd.and 4th larval insiars.respectively. The 5095 egg hatching inhibition concentration(IC50) was noted at 16.5 mg/L.Conclusions:The present finding suggest that the C.indica leaf essential oil provided an excellent potential for controlling An.slephemi mosquito at earlier stage of their life cycle.

Mast Cell Stabilizing,Antianaphylactic and Antihistaminic Activity of Coccinia grandis Fruits in Asthma

Coccinia grandis Linn(Curcubitaceae) is a climber herb cultivated throughout India.In traditional medicine fruits have been used to treat leprosy,fever,asthma,bronchitis and jaundice.In present study,ethanol extract of C.grandis fruit(ECGF) at 100,125 and 150 mg·kg-1,i.p.,was evaluated for mast cell stabilizing,antianaphylactic and antihistaminic activity using egg albumin induced mast cell degranulation in mice;passive cutaneous anaphylaxis in rats and clonidine induced catalepsy in mice respectively.ECGF at(100-150 mg·kg-1,i.p.) significantly protected egg albumin induced degranulations of mast cells and caused reduction of blue dye leakage in passive cutaneous anaphylaxis in dose dependently.The treatment ECGF also inhibited clonidine induced catalepsy in dose dependent manner.Phytochemical studies observed presence of saponin,steroids,alkaloids,flavonoids and glycosides.In conclusion ECGF possesses mast cell stabilizing;anti anaphylactic and antihistaminic potential which might be used in treatment of asthma.

Morphology,pharmacological activity,pharmaceutical preparation,doses and side effect of Coccinia indica(Wight&Arn.):An overview

Traditional system of medicine consists of large number of plants with various medicinal and pharmacological importances and hence represents a priceless tank of new bioactive molecules.Coccinia indica belongs to the family Cucurbitaceae.It is a rapidly growing,perennial climber or trailing vine.Traditionally different parts of this plant namely the roots,leaves and fruits are used in folklore medicine for several purposes like jaundice,diabetes,wound healing,ulcers,stomach ache,skin disease,fever,asthma,cough.The leaf and its constituents have been reported to possess hypoglycaemic,hypolipidemic and antioxidant properties.This review provides adequate information to develop suitable therapeutics out of these plant parts.

红瓜叶营养成分及作为野生蔬菜的评价

分析了红瓜 (Cocciniagrandis)嫩茎叶的矿物质、微量元素、蛋白质、氨基酸和维生素含量 ,并与常用 7种栽培蔬菜的含量进行了比较。结果发现 ,红瓜嫩茎叶中矿物质K、P(除芹菜 ) ,微量元素Fe、Mg (除蕹菜 )、Se和Zn的含量均高于 7种蔬菜。红瓜嫩叶中硫氨素、核黄素和尼克酸含量远高于对照的 7种栽培蔬菜。采用模糊识别法和氨基酸系数比值法 ,分别以鸡蛋蛋白质为标准蛋白 ,以WHO FAO必需氨基酸参考模式为评价标准 ,对红瓜嫩茎叶中蛋白质营养价值进行了评价 ,并与 7种栽培蔬菜蛋白质进行对照比较。结果表明红瓜嫩茎叶蛋白质含量为 2 1 % (鲜重) ,蛋白质中氨基酸种类齐全 ,氨基酸含量 93 8% ,必需氨基酸占总氨基酸的 42 % ,第一限制性氨基酸为含硫氨基酸 (Met+Cys)。红瓜嫩茎叶蛋白质中必需氨基酸贴近度 (以鸡蛋蛋白质为标准 ) 0 80 70 ,氨基酸比值系数分 (以WHO FAO必需氨基酸参考模式 ) 71 946,均高于对照的 7种栽培蔬菜。

红瓜、剌苋种子的萌发特性

在30～35C°条件下,红瓜种子催芽5天发芽率能达到90％,在23.5C°条件下达到15％,40C°下发芽率为4％,红瓜种子萌发的最宜温度为30～35C°;剌苋种子催芽5天后,23.5C°低温发芽率3％,30C°为5％,35C°的发芽率为33％,40C°为1％。利用变温及25％PEG6000溶液处理可大大提高剌苋种子的发芽率。

印度红瓜引种栽培试验

在中山基地对印度红瓜进行引种栽培试验,观察其植物学特征、物候期、抗性等,并测定其营养成分。结果显示:印度红瓜的适应能力较强,种子发芽率和扦插繁殖率高达72%以上,生长快速;生育周期内可连续开花结果,第一年果实产量达23880 kg/hm^2,可连续栽培;栽培管理较简单,有轻微虫害,无病害,但易遭鸟啄;果实营养价值较高,富含钙、磷、钾等,既可作为水果栽培,又可作蔬菜栽培,在珠三角等热带及亚热带地区具有较高的推广应用价值。