Ancient DNA data have supported a sister relationship between woolly rhinoceros and extant Sumatran rhinoceros.This relationship has been used to explore the divergent times for the woolly rhinoceros from their relati...Ancient DNA data have supported a sister relationship between woolly rhinoceros and extant Sumatran rhinoceros.This relationship has been used to explore the divergent times for the woolly rhinoceros from their relatives.Complete and partial ancient DNA sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome b(cyt b)gene were retrieved from bones of the late Pleistocene Coelodonta antiquitatis excavated from northern and northeastern China.The newly obtained sequences together with the European and northern Asian Coelodonta antiquitatis sequences from GenBank were used to estimate the evolutionary divergence time.Phylogenetic analyses showed the exchange of genetic information between the Chinese individuals and Coelodonta antiquitatis of north Asia,which also indicated a more recent evolutionary timescale(3.8–4.7 Ma)than previous molecular estimations(17.5–22.8 or 21–26 Ma)for woolly rhinoceros based on the fossil calibration of outgroups.This new timescale was more consistent with the fossil record of the earliest known genus Coelodonta.展开更多
Coelondonta antiquitatis Blumenbach, known as woolly rhinoceros of the glacials, lived widely in the north part of the Paleoarctic region during the Late Pleistocene. The material described in this paper was collected...Coelondonta antiquitatis Blumenbach, known as woolly rhinoceros of the glacials, lived widely in the north part of the Paleoarctic region during the Late Pleistocene. The material described in this paper was collected from Hutouliang, Yangyuan county, Hebei, China it includes a nearly complete lower jaw with all cheek teeth (IVPP V 6769-3), the left P2-M3(V 6769-1), right P4-M3(V 6769-2), second and third right metacarpals (V 6769-5 and V 6769-4). Besides the characters of high-crowned cheek teeth with dense wrinkles on labial wall, strong crochet and crista, and the absence of antecrochet which can be grouped under Coelodonta antiquitatis, the material described here is characteristic of some features as: the largest tooth of upper cheek teeth M2 is nearly equal to M3, with a column tubercle in medisinus in M3 and short column tubercles in talonid grube of right m3.展开更多
We have collected a suite of Paleoloxodon naumanni-Coelodonta antiquitatis fossils from a river terrace profile between Xi’an and Xianyang cities in Guanzhong Area, Shaanxi Province. A detailed examination of the fos...We have collected a suite of Paleoloxodon naumanni-Coelodonta antiquitatis fossils from a river terrace profile between Xi’an and Xianyang cities in Guanzhong Area, Shaanxi Province. A detailed examination of the fossils, together with 14C determinations and pollen analyses, have enabled us to reconstruct preliminary features of climate and environment changes and their evolutionary processes, within the last glacial maximum (LGM): about 20 ka ago, the climate was basically cool and wet, and was favourable for the existence of Paleoloxodon naumanni-Coelodonta antiquitatis fauna. This was followed by a cold, dry phase which was no longer suitable for this type of faunal suite, causing the death of a large number of mammalian assemblages. The available evidence indicates the existence of cold-dry and cool-wet climate and environment fluctuations during the LGM. The cool-wet stage within the LGM reflects a Heinrich event occurring in the high latitude areas, proving the existence of a teleconnection展开更多
基金Yang Hong was supported by a short term Guest Professor through the sponsorship of China University of Geosciences in Wuhansupported by National Basic Research Program of China(Grant No.2011CB808800)+1 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.40672006,40902008)"111"Project of Chinese State Administration of Foreign Experts Affairs(Grant No.B08030)
文摘Ancient DNA data have supported a sister relationship between woolly rhinoceros and extant Sumatran rhinoceros.This relationship has been used to explore the divergent times for the woolly rhinoceros from their relatives.Complete and partial ancient DNA sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome b(cyt b)gene were retrieved from bones of the late Pleistocene Coelodonta antiquitatis excavated from northern and northeastern China.The newly obtained sequences together with the European and northern Asian Coelodonta antiquitatis sequences from GenBank were used to estimate the evolutionary divergence time.Phylogenetic analyses showed the exchange of genetic information between the Chinese individuals and Coelodonta antiquitatis of north Asia,which also indicated a more recent evolutionary timescale(3.8–4.7 Ma)than previous molecular estimations(17.5–22.8 or 21–26 Ma)for woolly rhinoceros based on the fossil calibration of outgroups.This new timescale was more consistent with the fossil record of the earliest known genus Coelodonta.
文摘Coelondonta antiquitatis Blumenbach, known as woolly rhinoceros of the glacials, lived widely in the north part of the Paleoarctic region during the Late Pleistocene. The material described in this paper was collected from Hutouliang, Yangyuan county, Hebei, China it includes a nearly complete lower jaw with all cheek teeth (IVPP V 6769-3), the left P2-M3(V 6769-1), right P4-M3(V 6769-2), second and third right metacarpals (V 6769-5 and V 6769-4). Besides the characters of high-crowned cheek teeth with dense wrinkles on labial wall, strong crochet and crista, and the absence of antecrochet which can be grouped under Coelodonta antiquitatis, the material described here is characteristic of some features as: the largest tooth of upper cheek teeth M2 is nearly equal to M3, with a column tubercle in medisinus in M3 and short column tubercles in talonid grube of right m3.
文摘We have collected a suite of Paleoloxodon naumanni-Coelodonta antiquitatis fossils from a river terrace profile between Xi’an and Xianyang cities in Guanzhong Area, Shaanxi Province. A detailed examination of the fossils, together with 14C determinations and pollen analyses, have enabled us to reconstruct preliminary features of climate and environment changes and their evolutionary processes, within the last glacial maximum (LGM): about 20 ka ago, the climate was basically cool and wet, and was favourable for the existence of Paleoloxodon naumanni-Coelodonta antiquitatis fauna. This was followed by a cold, dry phase which was no longer suitable for this type of faunal suite, causing the death of a large number of mammalian assemblages. The available evidence indicates the existence of cold-dry and cool-wet climate and environment fluctuations during the LGM. The cool-wet stage within the LGM reflects a Heinrich event occurring in the high latitude areas, proving the existence of a teleconnection
