Reporting quality evaluation of meta-analyses for cognitive interventions among Alzheimer's dementia

Background:To appraise the reporting quality of systematic reviews as well as meta-analyses of cognitive interventions among Alzheimer's disease using the PRISMA statement,and to investigate the related factors influencing the reporting quality.Method:Web of Science,Pubmed,Embase,Medline,as well as Cochrane Library were searched to collect the systematic reviews as well as meta-analyses of cognitive interventions among Alzheimer's disease from inception to September 17th 2019.The PRISMA statement was used to appraise their reporting quality and investigate the compliance with each PRISMA item.Furthermore,the potential factors affecting the reporting quality were analyzed based on the univariate analysis.Results:Seventeen articles were included.The mean compliance with the PRISMA statement was 74.86% and the standard deviation was 0.13.The univariate analysis indicated that the number of authors(P=0.019)might be a factor affecting the reporting quality.However,the journal impact factor(P=0.133),the number of studies included(P=0.170),the number of databases retrieved(P=0.201),funding report(P=0.228),and original studies(randomized controlled trials only)(P=0.322)might not affect the reporting quality.Conclusion:The overall reporting quality was high,but the compliance with the 11 PRISMA items,such as"structured summary"and"protocol and registration"was low.Future research should focus on adequate reporting of these items in the hope that readers will be better able to discern the accuracy and reliability of relevant information and make correct decisions.

Methodological quality assessment of meta-analyses of cognitive interventions among Alzheimer's disease

Aims:The current study is designed to assess the methodological quality of the meta-analyses of cognitive interventions among Alzheimer's disease,and to investigate the compliance with 16 AMSTAR 2 items.Method:We searched Web of Scie nce,Sino med,PubMed,Embase,and Cochra ne Library from 2016 to 2021,to get the meta-a nalyses of cog nitive in terve nti ons in Alzheimer's disease.The AMSTAR 2 was used to assess the methodological quality.Furthermore,we also explored the complia nce with AMSTAR.Resul ts:We in cluded 9 studies in our research.Of them,6 articles were rated as"extremely low",2 articles as"low"and 1 article as"high".Furthermore,the reporting rates for 16 AMSTAR 2 items ranged from 22.22%to 100%.Conclusion:The methodological quality of meta-analyses of cognitive interventions in Alzheimer's disease is not ideal,and there is still room for improvement.Future studies are supposed to explore the releva nt factors that possibly in flue nce the methodological quality.

Evaluation of reporting quality of randomized controlled trials for cognitive interventions among Alzheimer’s Disease using the CONSORT

Background:The increasing number of Alzheimer’s Disease has become a global health issue.Whether randomized controlled trials are fully reported has an immediate effect on the translation as well as implementation of research conclusions.However,the overall reporting quality of randomized controlled trials for cognitive interventions among Alzheimer’s Disease is unclear.Methods:Randomized controlled trials of cognitive inter-ventions among Alzheimer’s Dementia were searched from Cnki,Embase,Pubmed,Web of Science,WanFang Data,Cochrane Library,and VIP from their inception to December9th 2019.Firstly,the average CONSORT(Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials)compliance of randomized controlled trials for cognitive interventions among Alzheimer’s Disease was estab-lished.Secondly,the compliance of per CONSORT item was calculated.Furthermore,the possible factors that determine the reporting quality were explored using univariate analysis and binary logistic regression.Results:A total of 55 studies were included.Mean CONSORT compliance of randomized controlled trials was 57.16%and standard deviation was 0.11.Univariate analysis showed that journal impact factor(p<0.001),sample size(p=0.002)as well as number of authors(p<0.001)were statistically significant,but post-2010 publication(p=0.206)as well as reporting of funding(p=0.221)had no significance.However,none of the above factors had statistical significance in binary logistic regression.Conclusions:The overall reporting quality was low,which would not be conducive to the evidence transformation and implementation.Furthermore,the reporting quality was not probably affected by aforementioned factors.

Evaluation on Efficacy of Acupuncture with Cognitive Intervention on Motor Function and Activities of Daily Living in Patients with Stroke

Objective:To observe clinical efficacy of acupuncture with cognitive training on motor function and activities of daily living(ADL)after ischemic stroke.Methods:A total of 68 patients with ischemic stroke in departments of neurology and rehabilitation medicine in Binzhou City People's Hospital of Shandong province from January 2015 to December 2019 were selected.They were randomly divided into the treatment group and the control group,with 34 cases in each group.The 2 groups were both given conventional medication and rehabilitation.The control group received cognitive training,while the treatment group was treated by acupuncture more.Fugl-Meyer Assessment Upper Extremity Scale(FMA-UE),Fugl-Meyer Assessment Lower Extremity Scale(FMA-LE),Modified Barthel Index(MBI)and Mini-mental State Examination(MMSE)were used to evaluate efficacy in the 2 groups respectively before the treatment,2 months and 4 months after the treatment.Results:There was no statistically significant differences in FMA-UE,FMA-LE,MBI and MMSE scores between the 2 groups before the treatment(P>0.05).The scores of FMA-UE,FMA-LE,MBI and MMSE in the 2 groups were significantly improved 2 months and 4 months after the treatment(P<0.05).The efficacy in the treatment group was better than that in the control group.Conclusion:Acupuncture with cognitive training is beneficial to recovery of motor function and improvement of ADL after stroke.At the same time,it also confirms effectiveness of acupuncture on cognitive disorder.

Effect of Cognitive Behavioral Intervention on Plasma Cortisol in Patients with Breast Cancer PTSD

Objective: To investigate the effect of cognitive behavioral intervention on plasma cortisol in patients with breast cancer PTSD before surgery. Methods: SCL-90, EPQ-N and cognitive behavior intervention were performed on 30 patients with PTSD, 30 patients without PTSD and 30 normal subjects, and their fasting blood was collected to analyze cortisol in the morning. Results: The scores of SCL-90 and EPQ-N in patients with breast cancer PTSD were significantly higher than those in non-PTSD patients and normal subjects (P < 0.01). After cognitive behavioral intervention, the plasma cortisol level of breast cancer PTSD patients was significantly decreased (P Conclusion: Compared with non-PTSD breast cancer patients and normal control group, breast cancer PTSD patients had more serious psychological problems, worse emotional stability and higher plasma cortisol level. Cognitive-behavioral intervention can effectively reduce plasma cortisol levels in breast cancer patients with PTSD.

A Cognitive Behavioural Intervention for the Treatment of Vasovagal and Unexplained Syncope

Vasovagal syncope and unexplained syncope are the most commonly observed types of syncope in outpatient and hospital settings. Medical interventions usually target at the physiological mechanisms responsible for loss of consciousness in an attempt to limit the frequency of recurrences. However, this type of intervention does not take into account the psychological and functional impact of syncope, nor the importance of psychological variables in triggering and maintaining syncope. In the present pilot study, four participants presenting significant psychological distress and recurrent syncope were treated using a multimodal intervention targeting at both the medical and psychological aspects of the problem. Results showed a significant reduction in the frequency of syncope/presyncope, in the level of emotional distress experienced, as well as improved functional status in three of the four participants. Several recommendations are made to medical practitioners and psychologists, in view of identifying patients likely to benefit from this type of intervention or components thereof.

Application of positive behavior management in patients after breast cancer surgery

BACKGROUND As a radical treatment,breast cancer surgery has a positive psychological impact on most patients.However,some patients do not have a clear understanding of the disease,which requires a more scientific and comprehensive consideration during clinical intervention and are based on cognition.The positive behavior management model is based on this kind of background-derived new interventions,which can better serve the clinical rehabilitation process of patients.The positive behavior management model based on cognitive architecture is a new type of intervention derived from this background,which can better serve the clinical rehabilitation process of patients.AIM To analyze the influence of a positive behavior management model based on cognitive framework on the degree of hope and self-efficacy of patients with breast cancer surgery.METHODS Eighty-four patients with breast cancer who underwent surgical treatment in our hospital from August 2016 to December 2018 were included in the study.The patients were divided into the experimental group(n=42)and control group(n=42)by random number table grouping.The control group received traditional nursing intervention,while the experimental group received a positive behavior management model based on cognitive framework based on the traditional intervention of the control group.General Self-efficacy Scale,Herth Hope Scale,Self-Rating Anxiety Scale,Self-Rating Depression Scale and Cancer Patient Specific Scale were used to evaluate the two groups before and 1 wk after intervention.RESULTS After the intervention,self-efficacy and hope level of the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.05).The Self-Rating Anxiety Scale and Self-Rating Depression Scale scores in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the quality of life scores between the two groups before intervention(P>0.05).The quality of life scores in all aspects in the experimental group after intervention were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The positive behavior management model based on cognitive framework applied to patients with breast cancer surgery improved hope for treatment and selfefficacy,reduced negative emotion,and improved quality of life.

Evidence in Support of Analogical Reasoning Improvements with Executive Attention Intervention in Healthy Young Adults

Analogical reasoning improvement is important in educational outcome improvement.Inspired by recent ideas and evidence,we applied anti-saccade task training as an executive attention intervention and tested whether it could improve analogical reasoning performance.A serial-task paradigm was applied where participants performed an anti-saccade followed by an analogical reasoning task including a perception condition.The experimental group finished the anti-saccade task in which the ratio of anti-saccade trials to pro-saccade trials was 5:1 while the counterpart was 1:1 in the active control group.Also,a blank control group was established where participants merely finished the analogical reasoning task.Event-related electroencephalographic(EEG)data were recorded when participants were performing the executive attention and analogical reasoning tasks.In addition,their resting state EEG was collected before and after the executive attention intervention.Behaviorally,the experimental group reacted significantly faster than the other two groups in analogical reasoning but not in perception.At the neural level,in the experimental group alone,the anti-saccade trials elicited a smaller N2 than pro-saccade trials and the resting alpha power was improved after executive attention intervention.No significant difference in P2 was found between the two groups in analogical reasoning or perception but the experimental group showed a larger late positive component than the active control group in analogical reasoning.We also found that the late positive component mediated the relationship between the N2 of anti-saccade trials and analogical reasoning reaction times in the experimental group.We further discussed the role of executive attention in the analogical reasoning process,which may pave the way for the future reliable improvement of fluid intelligence.