DETECTION ON MICRO-DOPPLER EFFECT BASED ON LASER COHERENT RADAR

A laser coherent detection system of 1550 nm wavelength was presented, and experimen- tal research on detecting micro-Doppler effect in a dynamic target was developed. In the study, the return signal in the time domain is decomposed into a set of components in different wavelet scales by multi-resolution wavelet analysis, and the components are associated with the vibrational motions in a target. Then micro-Doppler signatures are extracted by applying the reconstruction. During the course of the final data processing frequency analysis and time-frequency analysis are applied to analyze the vibrationM signals and estimate the motion parameters successfully. The experimental results indicate that the system can effectively detect micro-Doppler information in a moving target, and the tiny vibrational signatures also can be acquired effectively by wavelet multi-resolution analy- sis and time-frequency analysis.

The measurement of sea surface profile with X-band coherent marine radar

The line-of-sight velocity of scattering facets is related to the Doppler signals of X-band coherent marine radar from the oceanic surface. First, the sign Doppler Estimator is applied to estimate the Doppler shift of each radar resolution cell. And then, in terms of the Doppler shift, a retrieval algorithm extracting the vertical displacement of the sea surface has been proposed. The effects induced by radar look-direction and radar spatial resolution are both taken into account in this retrieval algorithm. The comparison between the sea surface spectrum of buoy data and the retrieved spectrum reveals that the function of the radar spatial resolution is equivalent to a low pass filter, impacting especially the spectrum of short gravity waves. The experimental data collected by McMaster IPIX radar are also used to validate the performance of the retrieval algorithm. The derived significant wave height and wave period are compared with the in situ measurements, and the agreement indicates the practicality of the retrieval technology.

Cramer-Rao bound and signal-to-noise ratio gain in distributed coherent aperture radar

This paper studies the estimation performance of the coherent processing parameter （CPP）, including time delay differences and phase synchronization errors among different apertures of the distributed coherent aperture radar （DCAR）. Firstly, three architectures of signal processing in the DCAR are introduced. Secondly, the closed-form Cramer-Rao bound （CRB） of the CPP estimation is derived and compared. Then, the closed-form CRB is verified by numerical simulations. Finally, when the next generation radar works in a fully coherent mode, the closed-form signal-to-noise ratio （SNR） gain of the three architectures is presented.

基于人工边界条件的波面相位解析重建

At present,the measurement of the near wave field of ships mostly relies on shipborne radar.The commonly used shipborne radar is incoherent and cannot obtain information on wave surface velocity.Therefore,the mathematical model of wave reconstruction is remarkably complex.As a new type of radar,coherent radar can obtain the radial velocity of the wave surface.Most wave surface reconstruction methods that use wave velocity are currently based on velocity potential.The difficulty of these methods lies in determining the initial value of the velocity integral.This paper proposes a wave surface reconstruction method based on an artificial boundary matrix.Numerical simulation data of regular and short-crest waves are used to verify the accuracy of this method.Simultaneously,the reconstruction stability under different wave velocity measurement errors is analyzed.The calculation results show that the proposed method can effectively realize the reconstruction of wave field.

Time and phase synchronization using clutter observations in airborne distributed coherent aperture radars

Airborne Distributed Coherent Aperture Radar(ADCAR)is one of the most promising next-generation radars to significantly improve target detection and discrimination abilities.However,time and phase synchronization among unit radars should be done before an ADCAR is intended to cohere on a potential target.To address this problem,a time and phase synchronization technique using clutter observations is proposed in this paper.Clutter returns from different azimuths and elevations on the surface of the earth are employed to calibrate system uncertainties.Two stages are mainly considered:a scene registration among range-Doppler units from different transmit/receive pairs is performed to enhance the clutter coherence in the first stage,followed by a joint estimation of those synchronization errors in the second stage.To relieve the computational burden,a novel Separable and Sequential Estimation(SSE)method is provided to separate the unknowns at the sacrifice of a range-Doppler unit.Moreover,performance analyses including the clutter coherence ability,estimation lower bound,and signal coherence loss are also performed.Finally,simulation results indicate that ADCAR time and phase synchronization is realized by using our methods.

A statistical distribution of quad-pol X-band sea clutter time series acquired at a grazing angle

Although the complex Wishart distribution has been widely used to analyze the statistic properties of quad-pol SAR spatial data, the applicability of this complex distribution to the time series of sea clutter is rarely discussed.The measured data of the quad-pol X-band marine radar demonstrate that the time series of the sea echoes are also satisfied the circular Gaussian distributions if the low intensity signals, which are mainly dominated by a radar noise, in the shadow regions of the large-scale waves are removed. On the basis of this fact, the probability density functions（PDFs） of the intensity as well as the phase, the real and the imaginary parts of the sea echoes obtained by the marine radar have been derived, and the theoretical models are all expressed in closed forms. In order to validate the theoretical results, the PDFs are compared with the experimental data collected by the Mc Master IPIX radar. And the comparisons show that the PDF models are in good agreement with the experimental data.

Moving target detection in the cepstrum domain for passive coherent location(PCL) radar

A cepstrum moving target detection （CEPMTD） algorithm based on cepstrum techniques is proposed for passive coherent location （PCL） radar systems. The primary cepstrum techniques are of great success in recognizing the arrival times of static target echoes. To estimate the Doppler frequencies of moving targets, we divide the radar data into a large number of seg- ments, and reformat these segments into a detection matrix. Applying the cepstrum and the Fourier transform to the fast and slow time dimensions respectively, we can obtain the range information and Doppler information of the moving targets. Based on the CEPMTD outlined above, an improved CEPMTD algorithm is proposed to improve the detection performance. Theoretical analyses show that only the target＇s peak can be coherently added. The performance of the improved CEPMTD is initially vali- dated by simulations, and then by experiments. The simulation results show that the detection performance of the improved CEPMTD algorithm is 13.3 dB better than that of the CEPMTD algorithm and 6.4 dB better than that of the classical detection algorithm based on the radar cross ambiguity function （CAF）. The experiment results show that the detection performance of the improved CEPMTD algorithm is 1.63 dB better than that of the radar CAF.