[Objective] The aim was to analyze one cold wave weather process in Chengdu in March in 2010.[Method] Based on the NCEP 1°×1° 6 h interval reanalysis data and daily observation data,using synoptic analy...[Objective] The aim was to analyze one cold wave weather process in Chengdu in March in 2010.[Method] Based on the NCEP 1°×1° 6 h interval reanalysis data and daily observation data,using synoptic analysis and diagnosis methods,and combining with the cold wave forecast index in spring of Sichuan,a cold wave event covering the whole region between March 21 and 24,2010 was analyzed from the aspects of circulation background,influencing weather systems and weather causation.[Result] Results showed that the 500 high-altitude cold vortex,700-850 hPa low layer shear,and ground cold front were the main systems that influenced this cold wave;there was a ridge from Lake Balkhash across Lake Baikal at 500 hPa.The early stage of the process was controlled by the high pressure ridge and the temperature was increasing obviously.The daily mean temperature was high.The range of cold high pressure was large and the central intensity was 1 043.0 hPa;the cold air was strong and deep which was in accordance with the strong surface temperature reduction center.The strong north airstream of Lake Balkhash to Lake Baikal,ground cold high pressure center intensity changes,north and south ocean pressure and temperature differences,850 hPa temperature changes,cold advection movement route and intensity were considered as reference factors for the forecast of cold wave intensity.[Conclusion] The study provided theoretical basis for improving the forecast ability of cold wave weather.展开更多
2022年3月31日—4月2日,云南省出现历史同期罕见的寒潮天气过程.通过地面观测资料、高空观测资料和NCEP FNL资料,对此次寒潮过程的成因进行分析,并对欧洲中期天气预报中心(European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts,ECMWF)...2022年3月31日—4月2日,云南省出现历史同期罕见的寒潮天气过程.通过地面观测资料、高空观测资料和NCEP FNL资料,对此次寒潮过程的成因进行分析,并对欧洲中期天气预报中心(European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts,ECMWF)模式的形势场及最低气温进行检验.结果表明:此次寒潮过程发生在北极涛动负位相期间,西伯利亚高压偏强,欧亚中高纬形成两槽一脊的环流形势.东亚大槽后侧强劲的偏北风引导低层冷空气南移,南支槽向东移动为云南省输送暖湿气流,700 hPa切变线和地面冷锋的南侵,共同造成了此次寒潮天气过程的发生;此次寒潮过程的强降温是由过程中近地层强冷平流的作用,冷锋后部较强的垂直上升运动,引起绝热膨胀冷却作用,加剧了局地气温的下降;通过定量分析导致昆明局地气温变化的各项因子发现,昆明的降温主要受温度平流项的影响,其次是非绝热项的影响. ECMWF模式能较好地预报此次寒潮过程的高低空环流形势及降温的范围,但对降温强度的预报效果相对较差.展开更多
利用地面、探空实时业务观测以及NCEP 1°×1°分析数据等资料,对2016年1月下旬寒潮过程地面气压场、过程最低气温、广东降雪空间分布、大气温湿结构以及天气系统等方面进行了分析,结果发现:该次寒潮过程广东地面气压突破...利用地面、探空实时业务观测以及NCEP 1°×1°分析数据等资料,对2016年1月下旬寒潮过程地面气压场、过程最低气温、广东降雪空间分布、大气温湿结构以及天气系统等方面进行了分析,结果发现:该次寒潮过程广东地面气压突破了有气象记录(1951年)以来的历史极值,但大部分市县最低气温未破历史记录;降雪南界较历史南界(1951—2015年)明显南压,即西部压到信宜、阳春一带,中东部则南压到了沿海;t850<0℃或t925<0℃的单层温度指标难以判断广东雨雪相态;当高空整层温度都在0℃以下,且近地面0℃层高度低时降水相态多为雪,0℃层高度过高时则降水相态为雨,其余为雨夹雪(霰);当高空有暖层存在时,出现纯雪的可能性较小,若地面0℃层高度低,且高空暖层厚度<位于其下方的冷冻层,则有雨夹雪(霰)的可能;降雪时大气湿度呈下干上湿状态,90%以上的高湿度区主要在800~500 h Pa之间;降雪时的辐合抬升主要发生在700~500 h Pa,中层的槽和西到西南急流是重要的动力因子。展开更多
文摘[Objective] The aim was to analyze one cold wave weather process in Chengdu in March in 2010.[Method] Based on the NCEP 1°×1° 6 h interval reanalysis data and daily observation data,using synoptic analysis and diagnosis methods,and combining with the cold wave forecast index in spring of Sichuan,a cold wave event covering the whole region between March 21 and 24,2010 was analyzed from the aspects of circulation background,influencing weather systems and weather causation.[Result] Results showed that the 500 high-altitude cold vortex,700-850 hPa low layer shear,and ground cold front were the main systems that influenced this cold wave;there was a ridge from Lake Balkhash across Lake Baikal at 500 hPa.The early stage of the process was controlled by the high pressure ridge and the temperature was increasing obviously.The daily mean temperature was high.The range of cold high pressure was large and the central intensity was 1 043.0 hPa;the cold air was strong and deep which was in accordance with the strong surface temperature reduction center.The strong north airstream of Lake Balkhash to Lake Baikal,ground cold high pressure center intensity changes,north and south ocean pressure and temperature differences,850 hPa temperature changes,cold advection movement route and intensity were considered as reference factors for the forecast of cold wave intensity.[Conclusion] The study provided theoretical basis for improving the forecast ability of cold wave weather.
文摘2022年3月31日—4月2日,云南省出现历史同期罕见的寒潮天气过程.通过地面观测资料、高空观测资料和NCEP FNL资料,对此次寒潮过程的成因进行分析,并对欧洲中期天气预报中心(European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts,ECMWF)模式的形势场及最低气温进行检验.结果表明:此次寒潮过程发生在北极涛动负位相期间,西伯利亚高压偏强,欧亚中高纬形成两槽一脊的环流形势.东亚大槽后侧强劲的偏北风引导低层冷空气南移,南支槽向东移动为云南省输送暖湿气流,700 hPa切变线和地面冷锋的南侵,共同造成了此次寒潮天气过程的发生;此次寒潮过程的强降温是由过程中近地层强冷平流的作用,冷锋后部较强的垂直上升运动,引起绝热膨胀冷却作用,加剧了局地气温的下降;通过定量分析导致昆明局地气温变化的各项因子发现,昆明的降温主要受温度平流项的影响,其次是非绝热项的影响. ECMWF模式能较好地预报此次寒潮过程的高低空环流形势及降温的范围,但对降温强度的预报效果相对较差.
文摘利用地面、探空实时业务观测以及NCEP 1°×1°分析数据等资料,对2016年1月下旬寒潮过程地面气压场、过程最低气温、广东降雪空间分布、大气温湿结构以及天气系统等方面进行了分析,结果发现:该次寒潮过程广东地面气压突破了有气象记录(1951年)以来的历史极值,但大部分市县最低气温未破历史记录;降雪南界较历史南界(1951—2015年)明显南压,即西部压到信宜、阳春一带,中东部则南压到了沿海;t850<0℃或t925<0℃的单层温度指标难以判断广东雨雪相态;当高空整层温度都在0℃以下,且近地面0℃层高度低时降水相态多为雪,0℃层高度过高时则降水相态为雨,其余为雨夹雪(霰);当高空有暖层存在时,出现纯雪的可能性较小,若地面0℃层高度低,且高空暖层厚度<位于其下方的冷冻层,则有雨夹雪(霰)的可能;降雪时大气湿度呈下干上湿状态,90%以上的高湿度区主要在800~500 h Pa之间;降雪时的辐合抬升主要发生在700~500 h Pa,中层的槽和西到西南急流是重要的动力因子。
