Considered a crucial skill in the 21st century,collaborative problem solving(CPS)has been an essential development task for preschool children.This study analyzes preschool children’s discourse in the project-based l...Considered a crucial skill in the 21st century,collaborative problem solving(CPS)has been an essential development task for preschool children.This study analyzes preschool children’s discourse in the project-based learning(PBL)process and presents the following findings.Firstly,in the collaborative dimension,the frequency of children’s discourse on establishing and maintaining shared understanding(U)and taking appropriate action to solve the problem(A)is relatively high,while that on establishing and maintaining team organization(O)is relatively low.Secondly,in the problem solving dimension,the frequency of children’s discourse on planning and executing(P&E)is the highest,while that on monitoring and reflecting(M&R)is the lowest.Thirdly,in terms of turn taking patterns,self-selection accounts for a significantly higher proportion than allocation and continuation.Overall,preschool children’s CPS is characterized by loose collaboration and multilinear problem solving.They are usually keener to strive for opportunities to express their views but lack attention to others’speeches.At the same time,they can constantly come up with new problem solving plans and actions but rarely reflect on their feasibility and actual effects.In addition to children’s collaborative role,teachers’intervention can also impact the CPS processes.Therefore,teachers are recommended to provide children with opportunities for CPS and strengthen monitoring,guidance,and support in children’s CPS processes to facilitate better child engagement in CPS.展开更多
Concurrence is an important research area in collaborative problemsolving. This paper offers a formal definition for cooperative sequences in multi-agentsystems, discusses the different categories of concurrent action...Concurrence is an important research area in collaborative problemsolving. This paper offers a formal definition for cooperative sequences in multi-agentsystems, discusses the different categories of concurrent actions, and proposes somerules for situation revision and an algorithm used to generate resulting situations.An example is also given to show how to solve concurrent problems occurring inmulti-agent systems.展开更多
基金funded by the Zhejiang Provincial Educational Science Planning Project“Reconstructing Young Children’s Learning Experience:Research on the Construction and Practice of Sustainable Development Curriculum in Kindergarten”(No.2020SCG202).
文摘Considered a crucial skill in the 21st century,collaborative problem solving(CPS)has been an essential development task for preschool children.This study analyzes preschool children’s discourse in the project-based learning(PBL)process and presents the following findings.Firstly,in the collaborative dimension,the frequency of children’s discourse on establishing and maintaining shared understanding(U)and taking appropriate action to solve the problem(A)is relatively high,while that on establishing and maintaining team organization(O)is relatively low.Secondly,in the problem solving dimension,the frequency of children’s discourse on planning and executing(P&E)is the highest,while that on monitoring and reflecting(M&R)is the lowest.Thirdly,in terms of turn taking patterns,self-selection accounts for a significantly higher proportion than allocation and continuation.Overall,preschool children’s CPS is characterized by loose collaboration and multilinear problem solving.They are usually keener to strive for opportunities to express their views but lack attention to others’speeches.At the same time,they can constantly come up with new problem solving plans and actions but rarely reflect on their feasibility and actual effects.In addition to children’s collaborative role,teachers’intervention can also impact the CPS processes.Therefore,teachers are recommended to provide children with opportunities for CPS and strengthen monitoring,guidance,and support in children’s CPS processes to facilitate better child engagement in CPS.
文摘Concurrence is an important research area in collaborative problemsolving. This paper offers a formal definition for cooperative sequences in multi-agentsystems, discusses the different categories of concurrent actions, and proposes somerules for situation revision and an algorithm used to generate resulting situations.An example is also given to show how to solve concurrent problems occurring inmulti-agent systems.
