施氮量对裸燕麦源库生理特性和茎鞘NSC积累与转运的影响

为探究施氮量对燕麦源库生理特性和茎鞘间非结构性碳水化合物(NSC)积累和转运的影响,2021年和2022年选取穗粒数差异大的两个裸燕麦品种坝莜1号(穗粒数多)和定莜8号(穗粒数少)为试验材料,设置0、100和200 kg·hm^(-2)3个施氮水平,测定和分析了不同氮素供应条件下燕麦叶片光合指标、粒叶比、茎鞘NSC积累量(TMNSC)、NSC表观转运量(ATMNSC)及其对籽粒产量表观贡献率(ACNSC)的差异。结果表明,施氮对2个燕麦品种的籽粒产量具有增加效应,其中在施氮100 kg·hm^(-2)时产量最高。在100 kg·hm^(-2)施氮处理下,坝莜1号的旗叶面积、SPAD值、Pn和籽粒产量两年平均值较不施氮处理分别提高57.57%、80.70%、101.68%和40.15%,定莜8号分别提高43.70%、44.33%、69.49%和37.36%;坝莜1号的ATMNSC、ACNSC和粒叶比两年平均值较不施氮处理分别增加767.25 g、1.96倍和54.55%,定莜8号分别增加859.52 g、8.26倍和43.25%。综合以上结果,增施氮肥对两品种均有显著正向影响,坝莜1号表现出更优的源、库活性,从而获得更高的穗粒数,达到增产目的;定莜8号则表现出更优的源-库关系,增大库器官对源物质的“拉力”,促进NSC由茎鞘向籽粒的转运,弥补生育前期光合能力较弱导致的同化物质生产的不足,从而促进源库协调,提高籽粒产量。

基于UHPLC-MS技术的NSCLC血浆生物学标志物的筛选及鉴定研究

目的研究UHPLC-MS技术的NSCLC血浆生物学标志物的筛选及鉴定。方法本研究纳入符合非小细胞肺癌临床诊断标准的60例NSCLC患者,随机分为两组,接受靶向治疗(TACE)的非小细胞肺癌患者为鉴别诊断组,未接受靶向治疗的NSCLC患者为正常对照组。结果在60例NSCLC患者中,通过LC-MS/MS技术共检测到552个生物标志物。在其中17个生物标志物中,有8个出现在已知的EGFR突变患者中,另7个出现在ALK融合患者中,6个出现在HER2突变患者中。此外,NSCLC患者血浆中含有丰富的非编码RNA(miRNA),包括58个miRNA和23个mRNA。结论本研究中,采用LC-MS/MS技术对NSCLC患者血浆进行分析,可快速、高效地获得血浆样品中的生物学标志物。这些标志物可以作为NSCLC诊断的潜在生物学标志物,并且可以用于预测肿瘤进展和不良预后。

Early Devonian Post-collisional Granitic Magmatism in the North Qilian Orogenic Belt,Western China:Insights into Lithospheric Delamination and Orogenic Collapse

Post-collisional magmatism contains important clues for understanding the reworking and growth of continental crust,as well as lithospheric delamination and orogenic collapse.Early Devonian magmatism has been identified in the North Qilian Orogenic Belt(NQOB).This paper reports an integrated study of petrology,whole-rock geochemistry,Sm-Nd isotope and zircon U-Pb dating,as well as Lu-Hf isotopic data,for two Early Devonian intrusive plutons.The Yongchang and Chijin granites yield zircon U-Pb ages of 394-407 Ma and 414 Ma,respectively.Both of them are characterized by weakly peraluminous to metaluminous without typical aluminium-rich minerals,LREE-enriched patterns with negative Eu anomalies and a negative correlation between P_(2)O_(5) and SiO_(2) contents,consistent with geochemical features of I-type granitoids.Zircons from the studied granites display negative to weak positive ε_(Hf)(t)values(−5.7 to 2.1),which agree well with those of negative ε_(Nd)(t)values(−6.4 to−2.9)for the whole-rock samples,indicating that they were derived from the partial melting of Mesoproterozoic crust.Furthermore,low Sr/Y ratios(1.13-21.28)and high zircon saturation temperatures(745℃ to 839℃,with the majority being>800℃)demonstrated a relatively shallow depth level below the garnet stability field and an additional heat source.Taken together,the Early Devonian granitic magmatism could have been produced by the partial melting of ancient crustal materials heated by mantle-derived magmas at high-temperature and low-pressure conditions during postcollisional extensional collapse.The data obtained in this study,when viewed in conjunction with previous studies,provides more information about the tectonic processes that followed the closure of the North Qilian Ocean.The tectonic transition from continental collision to post-collisional delamination could be constrained to~430 Ma,which is provided by the sudden decrease of Sr/Y and La/Yb ratios and an increase in zircon ε_(Hf)(t)values for granitoids.A two-stage tectonic evolution model from continental collision to post-collisional extensional collapse for the NQOB includes(a)continental collision and crustal thickening during ca.455-430 Ma,characterized by granulite-facies metamorphism and widespread low-Mg adakitic magmatism;(b)post-collisional delamination of thickened continental crust and extensional collapse of orogen during ca.430-390 Ma,provided by coeval high-Mg adakitic magmatism,A-type granites and I-type granitoids with low Sr-Y ratios.

Roof collapse mechanism of weak surrounding rock for deep-buried tunnels under high geostress conditions

High geostress,a typical attribute of tunnels located at significant depths,is crucial in causing stress-induced failure and influencing the stability of the tunnel crown.This study developed an analytical method for the failure mechanism that occurs in deep-buried tunnel roofs,taking into account the influence of geostress.The limit analysis theory was utilized for deriving analytical solutions about the geometry of the collapsing surface and the limit supporting pressure.The collapsing surface obtained by the analytical solution was validated by the findings of the physical model test,which shows a high level of agreement with the actual one.An extensive investigation was done to explore the effects of the lateral pressure coefficients,the tunnel buried depth,the geological conditions of the surrounding rock,the long-short axis ratio,and the size of the tunnel profile.The findings indicate that an increase in the lateral pressure coefficient from 0.5 to 1.5 results in a reduction in the height of the collapsing zone by 2.08 m and the width of the collapsing zone by 1.15 m,while simultaneously increases the limit supporting pressure by 18.9%.The proposed upper bound method accurately determines the limit supporting pressure and the geometry of the collapsing surface,which aligns well with the results acquired through numerical modelling and on-site monitoring in actual engineering applications.The proposed analytical method can serve as a reference for similar crown failure issues of deep-buried tunnels.

Collapse Behavior of Pipe-Framed Greenhouses with and without Reinforcement under Snow Loading:A 3-D Finite Element Analysis

The present paper first investigates the collapse behavior of a conventional pipe-framed greenhouse under snow loading based on a 3-D finite element analysis,in which both geometrical and material non-linearities are considered.Three snow load distribution patterns related to the wind-driven snow particle movement are used in the analysis.It is found that snow load distribution affects the deformation and collapse behavior of the pipe-framed greenhouse significantly.The results obtained in this study are consistent with the actual damage observed.Next,discussion is made of the effects of reinforcements by adding members to the basic frame on the strength of the whole structure,in which seven kinds of reinforcement methods are examined.A buckling analysis is also carried out.The results indicate that the most effective reinforcement method depends on the snow load distribution pattern.

Progressive Collapse Resistance of a New Staggered Story Isolated System

A new staggered isolated system developed from the mid-story isolated system is the new staggered story isolated system. There are not many studies on this structure currently. In this study, an 18-story new staggered story isolated system model is established using SAP2000. The dynamic nonlinear dynamic alternate method is used to analyze the structure against progressive collapse. Results show that the structure has good resistance to progressive collapse, and there is no progressive collapse under each working condition. The progressive collapse does not occur for the case of removing only one vertical structural member of the new staggered of isolated system. The side column has big influence on this isolated structures’ progressive collapse;the removal of vertical structural member of the isolation layer has less impact on the structure than the removal of the bottom vertical structural member. After the removing of the member, the internal force of the structure will be redistributed, and the axial force of the adjacent columns will change obviously, showing a trend of “near large and far small”.

施氮量对滴灌春小麦茎鞘NSC积累与转运的影响

在新疆气候条件下,为明确滴灌春小麦不同茎鞘节位果聚糖和NSC向籽粒转运提高产量的氮素响应机制,采用裂区试验设计,以强筋小麦‘新春37号’(XC37)、中筋小麦‘新春6号’(XC6)为主区,分别以施氮量300、255、210、0 kg·hm^(-2)为副区,研究施氮量对滴灌春小麦茎鞘不同节位(穗下节间、倒二节间、其余节间)果聚糖和非结构碳水化合物(NSC)的积累转运及其对产量贡献的影响。结果表明,随生育期的推进,两个品种春小麦茎鞘蔗糖果糖基转移酶(SST)活性、果聚糖含量、NSC含量及茎鞘干物质量呈先升后降的变化趋势,而果聚糖外水解酶(FEH)活性则为先降后升再降的趋势,各指标均以施氮量255 kg·hm^(-2)处理表现最优;各节位相比,其余节果聚糖代谢酶活性、果聚糖含量、NSC含量以及茎鞘干物质量最大,其果聚糖、NSC以及茎鞘干物质对产量贡献率分别比倒二节高11.18%~35.77%、14.77%~45.65%和25.81%~33.83%;两品种比较,XC37茎鞘中贮藏物质积累运转效率高于XC6,其果聚糖、NSC以及茎鞘干物质对产量贡献率分别比XC6高32.53%~116.74%、26.06%~35.26%和6.32%~21.73%;施氮量与品种互作效应对果聚糖、NSC花前转运率和贡献率及其穗下节干物质对产量贡献率均有显著影响。研究表明,果聚糖和NSC代谢及产量在施氮量为255 kg·hm^(-2)时表现最佳,该施氮量是新疆滴灌春小麦适宜的施氮水平。

Observation of the poloidally asymmetrical density perturbation of sawtooth collapse on J-TEXT

The detailed density perturbations provided by the advanced polarimeter-interferometer system(Polaris) during sawtooth collapse on the Joint Texas Experimental Tokamak(J-TEXT) are reported in this article.During a sawtooth collapse and the crash of plasma pressure at the center,it is found that the increase in density in the region between the inversion radius and mixing radius is poloidally asymmetrical,while the increase in temperature is poloidally symmetrical.The poloidal location where the density increases is dependent on the phase of the precursory m/n=1/1 kink mode.It is always out of phase with the hot core of the m/n=1/1 mode.The behaviors of density perturbations during sawtooth collapse observed in J-TEXT are beyond the expectations of the standard model,and this can shed new light on the understanding of sawtooth collapse.

Experimental and Numerical Study on Progressive Collapse Analysis of a Glulam Frame Structure:I.Side Column Exposed to Fire

This paper presents experimental and numerical investigations on progressive collapse behavior of a two-story glulam frame when the side column is exposed to ISO834 standard fire.The collapse mechanism initiated by fire is identified.The experimental results show that the progressive collapse of a glulam frame could be described for three stages,namely bending effect stage,catenary effect stage and failure stage,respectively.These stages are discussed in detail to understand the structural behavior before and during collapse.It is demonstrated that the entire frame slopes towards the side of the heated column,and the“overturning”collapse occurs eventually.The catenary effect of beams is the main reason for the progressive collapse of the frame.In addition,a finite element model of a glulam frame is established to simulate the progressive collapse behavior.The effects of axial loads on the columns are summarized.The numerical simulation results agree well with the experimental results,which could verify the effectiveness and practicability of finite element simulation.Furthermore,the progressive collapse resistance of the frame in practical design were proposed.

Slope Collapse Detection Method Based on Deep Learning Technology

Sofar,slope collapse detectionmainlydepends onmanpower,whichhas the followingdrawbacks:(1)lowreliability,(2)high risk of human safe,(3)high labor cost.To improve the efficiency and reduce the human investment of slope collapse detection,this paper proposes an intelligent detection method based on deep learning technology for the task.In thismethod,we first use the deep learning-based image segmentation technology to find the slope area from the captured scene image.Then the foreground motion detection method is used for detecting the motion of the slope area.Finally,we design a lightweight convolutional neural network with an attentionmechanismto recognize the detected motion object,thus eliminating the interference motion and increasing the detection accuracy rate.Experimental results on the artificial data and relevant scene data show that the proposed detection method can effectively identify the slope collapse,which has its applicative value and brilliant prospect.

Analysis on the Failure Causes of the Collapsed Tubing in an Oil Well

Due to the influence of multiple factors such as internal and external formation and mechanical pressure, medium corrosion and construction operation environment, a tubing collapse failure occurred in an oil well. In order to determine the failure cause of the tubing, physical and chemical tests and mechanical properties analysis were carried out on the failed tubing sample and the intact tubing. The results show that the chemical composition, ultrasonic and magnetic particle inspection, metallographic test, Charpy impact energy and external pressure mechanical property test of the failed tubing all meet the requirements of API Spec 5CT-2021 standard, but the yield strength of the failed tubing does not meet the requirements of API Spec 5CT-2021 standard. Through the analysis of the working conditions, it can be seen that the anti-extrusion strength of the tubing collapse does not meet the API 5C3 anti-extrusion strength standard. The failure type of the well tubing is tubing collapse caused by large internal and external pressure difference.

Custom Made Fenestrated Stent Graft Collapse after Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair: A Case Report

We present a case of stent graft collapse after performing thoracic endovascular aortic repair with a custom-made fenestrated stent graft. The patient was a 70-year-old woman with an asymptomatic aneurysm of the distal aortic arch, and thoracic endovascular aortic repair was performed. The patient showed a blood pressure difference between the left arm and the right arm on postoperative day (POD) 17 prompting the performance of a chest computed tomography scan which revealed stent graft collapse. She then underwent staged debranching of thoracic endovascular aortic repair. Stent graft collapse is a rare but well-described complication of thoracic endovascular repair. Therefore, patients who undergo such a procedure should be carefully monitored for signs and symptoms, which suggest the possibility of stent collapse.

Visualization of Vapor Film Collapse Behavior with Complexity on Quenching Process by Cellular Automaton

The vapor film collapse that occurs in the quenching process is complicated and affects the heat treatment quality and its distortion.In order to incorporate it into the MBD(Model Based Development)technology required these days,it is necessary to predict the quality of heat treatment by CAE(Computer Added Engineering),shorten the product development period.The calculation of the vapor film collapses in a simple and practical time in order to improve the product performance.However,in the past,in order to formulate the vapor film collapse on a simulation,it was necessary to perform a very large amount of computational calculation CFD(computational fluid dynamics),which was a problem in terms of computer resources and the model of vapor film collapse.In addition,this phenomenon has a complexity behavior of the phenomenon in iterative processing,which also complicates the calculation.In this study,the vapor film collapse phenomenon is easily visualized using self-organized cellular automaton simulation which includes the phenomena of“vapor film thickness and its fluctuation”,“flow disturbance”,“surface step of workpiece”,and“decrease of cooling due to r shape of surface”.The average cooling state and repeated fluctuations of the cooling state were reproduced by this method.

古土壤层间富水对黄土场地湿陷性的影响

黄土地层中往往交替分布着多层红色古土壤层,由于其硬度相对较高,遇水不易湿陷,对黄土地层湿陷量的测量结果有很大的影响。然而,对于古土壤对湿陷量的控制作用目前还缺乏相关研究,导致对湿陷地层湿陷量的科学取舍缺乏理论依据。为此该文统计了黄土高原区的浸水试验结果,分析了不同区域湿陷量室内外差异特征,并以西安地区两个试验场地的大型浸水试验为研究对象,进行了不同试验条件下土体中水分的扩散、含水率的变化、土压力变化以及累计湿陷量等测量工作。最终结果表明,古土壤层的存在阻碍湿陷进程,在阻止水分下渗的同时,阻碍深部地层湿陷量传递至地表,使得湿陷量实测值与计算值之间的差异与古土壤层数呈现正相关的趋势。该文将为普遍存在古土壤的黄土地层自重湿陷机理的研究提供参考。

钓鱼台隧道洞口崩塌成因分析与处治措施研究

对池祁高速钓鱼台隧道洞口大型崩塌的成因进行了深入分析,提出了相应的崩塌处治措施,并通过现场监测分析对崩塌处治效果进行了验证。研究结果表明,钓鱼台隧道洞口崩塌是地形、地质、降雨、施工措施不当等多种因素共同作用的结果,其中地形和地质条件是形成崩塌的内因,降雨和施工措施不当等因素是诱发崩塌的外因。基于以上影响因素并结合隧道洞口实际情况,提出了“临时支护+永久性防护”的综合处治方案,即采用洞内背拱加固、掌子面反压回填、崩塌体卸载、洞口双层小导管支护、接长明洞以及洞顶仰坡锚杆框架防护的方案。现场巡视与监测数据表明,隧道洞口崩塌处治措施得当,工程效果显著,实现了预期目的。

渭北黄土台塬区水库水下岸坡稳定形态预测模型研究

黄土地区水库塌岸预测仍以卡丘金法等经验图解法为主,此类方法预测结果的准确性取决于对岸坡剖面形态的准确描述。为了提高黄土地区水库塌岸宽度预测的准确性,选取渭北黄土台塬区选择典型水库进行现场调查,对原河道岸坡形态与蓄水后岸坡形态进行对比分析,在此基础上建立了水下岸坡形态预测模型。结果表明,渭北黄土台塬区水库岸坡塌岸稳定后,水上岸坡呈直立状,高度可达30 m以上,水下岸坡呈曲线形,受水深和岸坡高度共同影响,塌落物可能露出水面。在此基础上基于对数螺线方程建立了水下岸坡形态预测模型,并与经典图解法所用直线型岸坡进行对比,误差分析结果表明采用对数螺线方程进行水下岸坡形态预测时堆积体积误差为4.50%~39.70%,均值为12.64%,而直线型岸坡的预测误差为25.75%~124.69%,均值为75.69%。即采用对数螺线方程可以更好的测水下岸坡形态及水下堆积量。相关研究成果对黄土台塬区水库塌岸预测方法的改进,以及黄河流域的渭北黄土台塬区的环境保护与高质量发展具有实际意义。

梯形透明角膜切口在晶状体超声乳化术患者治疗中的临床效果

目的探讨梯形透明角膜切口在晶状体超声乳化术患者治疗中的临床效果。方法选取行晶状体超声乳化术的患者57例(68眼)作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法将患者分为常规切口组和梯形切口组。常规切口组28例(34眼),男15眼,女19眼,年龄41~82(65.0±10.1)岁;梯形切口组29例(34眼),男21眼,女13眼,年龄46~87(66.0±11.1)岁。两组患者均接受白内障超声乳化吸出联合人工晶状体植入术,常规切口组采用3.0 mm透明角膜切口,梯形切口组为改进的梯形透明角膜切口。比较两组患者术后裸眼视力、眼压及角膜散光度以及术中及术后并发症发生情况。结果术后1周及3个月梯形切口组患者裸眼视力均优于常规切口组,差异均有统计学意义(均为P<0.05);术后1周、1个月及3个月两组患者眼压及角膜散光度差异均无统计学意义(均为P>0.05)。术中常规切口组患者出现前房塌陷的眼数以及需要水密切口的眼数均大于梯形切口组,差异均有统计学意义(均为P<0.05);术后常规切口组患者出现切口水肿、切口哆开的眼数均大于梯形切口组,差异均有统计学意义(均为P<0.05)。术中常规切口组因前房变浅出现人工晶状体移位18眼,水密切口前房形成后人工晶状体位置正常;水密时2眼发生虹膜脱出切口嵌顿、3眼发生人工晶状体囊袋内旋转或囊口嵌顿。术中梯形切口组患者术毕3眼发生前房变浅,使用水密切口形成前房;无人工晶状体前囊口嵌顿、移位或虹膜脱出等情况。结论改良的梯形透明角膜切口可以在保证白内障患者术中前房稳定性的同时有效防止因术中前房塌陷而导致的人工晶状体移位,也能减少冲洗针头水密切口引起的相关并发症,使患者尽早恢复视力。

工作面内地质异常无线电磁波透视规律研究

为了掌握煤(岩)层及地质异常体对电磁波透视的影响规律,采用三维数值模拟方法,研究全空间条件下环形天线发射电磁波在煤(岩)层中传播时,遇到不同地质异常体(断层、陷落柱)时的传播特征。结果表明:异常体充填空气较多时,电磁波损耗小,磁场强度等值线外凸;若异常体充填水较多时,电磁波能量损耗较大,曲线内凹;充填其他介质时,电磁波损耗介于两者之间,可通过实测场强曲线、等值线变化,判断异常区电性特征。异常体形态和规模不同,磁场强度分布也不相同;异常区为圆形或似圆形时,磁场强度在异常体内产生畸变,远离异常体后逐渐恢复正常分布,识别较为困难;故异常体直径越小,离接收点越远,识别越困难;当异常区为条状断层分布时,断层走向与巷道交角越小,受影响的测点较多,识别较容易;若断层走向与巷道交角变大,受影响的测点变少,则识别较困难,据此可大致判断断层走向。正常情况下,场强曲线呈左右对称的抛物线形态,中间大、两侧递减;异常体所处位置、形态及充填物质不同,曲线形态亦不相同;当异常体规模较大时,曲线呈对称或不对称的“M”形。因此,在数据处理初期,由于场强曲线获取较快,可以通过识别曲线形态初步定性判别异常体的某些特性,但无法准确定位射线上不同区段的异常特征,可进一步结合层析成像分析,得到正确合理的认识。

山东荆泉地区岩溶地面塌陷预警分区研究

以荆泉断块岩溶水系统为研究对象,通过建立地下水流模型和数学模型,旨在实现不同环境条件下岩溶塌陷预警分区,指导岩溶水资源开发利用。结果显示:在其它条件保持不变的情况下,随着降雨量的不断减小,研究区红色预警区面积不断增大,抽水井越密集的地方,越容易产生岩溶塌陷,岩溶水开采量的增加和降雨量的变化都是诱发岩溶塌陷的主要原因。建议以岩溶塌陷为约束条件,加强区内地下水开采优化控制与布局,在保证生产生活用水的前提下,降低岩溶塌陷发生概率。

基于层次分析法与频率比模型的采空塌陷危险性评价

采空塌陷危险性评价是编制地质灾害防治规划、开展地质灾害防治与监测预警工作的重要依据。本文采用层次分析法与频率比模型相结合构建了采空塌陷危险性评价模型(AHP-PF组合模型)。以沈阳市蒲河-清水矿区为例,考虑了地质条件、地表特征、开采条件等3方面影响因素,选取了第四纪覆盖类型、第四纪松散层厚度、地质构造复杂程度、可采煤层顶板强度指标、煤层倾角、地表沉陷速率、采深采厚比、采空区叠置层数等8个评价指标,利用AHP-PF组合模型计算各指标权重及频率比,最后进行采空塌陷危险性分区。评价结果表明,采空塌陷危险性高区主要集中在采深采厚比小、沉陷速率大及目前仍在开采的区域,该区域是地质灾害防治、搬迁避让的重点区域。