A Cross-Sectional Study on The Prevalence of Anemia in Maintenance Hemodialysis and Peritoneal Dialysis Patients and Its Related Factors

Objective:To study the prevalence of anemia,the proportion of hemoglobin(Hb)levels,the treatment methods,and the influencing factors of Hb levels in maintenance hemodialysis(MHD)and peritoneal dialysis patients.Methods:In this study,602 patients with maintenance hemodialysis and continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis were enrolled from December 2020 to December 2022 in our hospital,and their medical records were collected and summarized.The main contents included the patient’s gender,age,primary disease,dialysis duration,dialysis method,the use of erythropoietic stimulating agents(ESA),intravenous iron,and laboratory tests.A Hb index exceeding 110 g/L was set as the standard for the prevalence of anemia.Results:The rate of anemia in patients undergoing blood purification was 83%.The proportion of ESA use was 84.1%,and the proportion of iron use was 76.7%,of which the proportion of intravenous iron used was 17.0%,and the proportion of folic acid used was 28.3%.Conclusion:The incidence of anemia in MHD patients was relatively high,with a low proportion of patients reaching the standard Hb levels.Risk factors include albumin(ALB)levels,iron storage,white blood cells,C-reactive protein,cholesterol,etc.Nutritional support,iron supplementation,and prevention of micro-inflammatory reactions can effectively promote the improvement of Hb indicators in dialysis patients to prevent anemia.

Application and management of continuous glucose monitoring in diabetic kidney disease

Diabetic kidney disease(DKD)is a common complication of diabetes mellitus that contributes to the risk of end-stage kidney disease(ESKD).Wide glycemic var-iations,such as hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia,are broadly found in diabetic patients with DKD and especially ESKD,as a result of impaired renal metabolism.It is essential to monitor glycemia for effective management of DKD.Hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c)has long been considered as the gold standard for monitoring glycemia for>3 months.However,assessment of HbA1c has some bias as it is susceptible to factors such as anemia and liver or kidney dysfunction.Continuous glucose monitoring(CGM)has provided new insights on glycemic assessment and management.CGM directly measures glucose level in interstitial fluid,reports real-time or retrospective glucose concentration,and provides multiple glycemic metrics.It avoids the pitfalls of HbA1c in some contexts,and may serve as a precise alternative to estimation of mean glucose and glycemic variability.Emerging studies have demonstrated the merits of CGM for precise monitoring,which allows fine-tuning of glycemic management in diabetic patients.Therefore,CGM technology has the potential for better glycemic monitoring in DKD patients.More research is needed to explore its application and management in different stages of DKD,including hemodialysis,peritoneal dialysis and kidney transplantation.

Selection of dialysis methods for end-stage kidney disease patients with diabetes

The increasing prevalence of diabetes has led to a growing population of endstage kidney disease(ESKD)patients with diabetes.Currently,kidney transplantation is the best treatment option for ESKD patients;however,it is limited by the lack of donors.Therefore,dialysis has become the standard treatment for ESKD patients.However,the optimal dialysis method for diabetic ESKD patients remains controversial.ESKD patients with diabetes often present with complex conditions and numerous complications.Furthermore,these patients face a high risk of infection and technical failure,are more susceptible to malnutrition,have difficulty establishing vascular access,and experience more frequent blood sugar fluctuations than the general population.Therefore,this article reviews nine critical aspects:Survival rate,glucose metabolism disorder,infectious complications,cardiovascular events,residual renal function,quality of life,economic benefits,malnutrition,and volume load.This study aims to assist clinicians in selecting individualized treatment methods by comparing the advantages and disadvantages of hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis,thereby improving patients’quality of life and survival rates.

Gastrointestinal symptoms: A comparison between patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis

AIM: To compare the prevalence and diversity of gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD) and hemodialysis (HD).

Relationship of demoralization with anxiety, depression, and demographics of Chinese dialysis patients

Objective:The purpose of this study is to investigate the demoralization level of dialysis patients in China and analyze the influencing factors.Materials and Methods:A convenience sample of 278 dialysis patients from a tertiary hospital participated in a cross-sectional descriptive study using a structured questionnaire including assessments of demographic data,Demoralization Scale-II(DS-II),and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale.The main analysis consisted of descriptive statistics,correlation coefficients,and multiple linear regression.Results:The mean standard deviation DS-II score was 11.87(7.72).Dialysis patients had a high level of demoralization.Findings from multiple linear regression indicated that demoralization was positively correlated with marital status(β=0.141;P=0.001),employment status(β=0.113;P=0.006),anxiety(β=0.393;P<0.001),and depression(β=0.224;P<0.001).These variables explained 57.1%of the variance in patient demoralization.Conclusions:Demoralization is common in dialysis patients and is associated with marital status,employment status,anxiety,and depression.Health-care providers might regularly assess demoralization in dialysis patients,and develop related interventions to improve the quality of life.

Artificial kidney: Challenges and opportunities

This review aims to present the developments occurring in the field of artificial organs and particularly focuses on the presentation of developments in artificial kidneys.The challenges for biomedical engineering involved in overcoming the potential difficulties are showcased,as well as the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration in this marriage of medicine and technology.In this review,modern artificial kidneys and the research efforts trying to provide and promise artificial kidneys are presented.But what are the problems faced by each technology and to what extent is the effort enough to date?

Does Current Nephrology Fellowship Training Affect Uti-lization of Peritoneal Dialysis in the United States?

Background: The 2010 US Renal Data System annual report revealed that peritoneal dialysis is used by only 7% of end-stage renal disease patients on chronic dialysis vs. hemodialysis which is used by 93% of such patients, despite documented benefits of peritoneal dialysis over hemodialysis in these cases. Purpose: We examined whether education of nephrology fellows contributed to underutilization of peritoneal dialysis in the US. Methods: Self-report questionnaires were administered electronically to nephrology fellowship training program directors, October 2010-March 2011 (55% response). Results: Median number of training faculty and patients/fellow were significantly lower for peritoneal-dialysis vs. hemodialysis training. Hours of didactic teaching for fellows over their 2-year training period were significantly lower for peritoneal dialysis vs. hemodialysis. Peritoneal dialysis training was 20% of total training vs. 80% for hemodialysis. Most program directors (87%) believed lack of trained faculty in peritoneal dialysis and insufficient peritoneal dialysis patient population contributed to inadequate fellows’ peritoneal dialysis training. Conclusions: Findings suggest that current nephrology fellowship training in peritoneal dialysis is inadequate and contributes to its underutilization.

Health literacy in kidney disease: Review of the literature and implications for clinical practice

Health literacy is the capacity of an individual to understand information related to a disease in order to make an informed decision. In patients with kidney diseases, studies have reported increasing impact of limited health literacy on health outcomes. Our paper discusses current literature on health literacy in kidney diseases.

Impact of Dialysis Modality on Kidney Transplantation Outcomes

Survival benefits of renal transplantation over dialysis therapy are well established for patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Transition from one treatment modality to another is common. Understanding the differences in outcomes with the various renal replacement therapies will help nephrologists to provide best advice for dialysis patients. The influence of pretransplant dialysis modality on post-transplant outcomes is not clear. An overview of the various issues related to dialysis modality on kidney transplantation outcomes is discussed in this topic review. These include allograft and recipient survival, the impact of dialysis vintage and choice of dialysis modality on transplant outcomes.

慢性肾脏病3~5期患者血清维生素K2与腹主动脉钙化的相关性

目的探讨慢性肾脏病(chronic kidney disease,CKD)3~5期患者血清维生素K_(2)(vitamin K_(2),VitK_(2))与腹主动脉钙化(abdominal aortic calcification,AAC)的相关性,分析影响血管钙化(vas‐cular calcification,VC)的危险因素,为控制或延缓VC提供新的思路和诊治方法。方法选取2020年9月—2023年5月在天长市人民医院肾内科诊治的CKD 3~5期住院患者作为研究对象。根据腰椎侧位片是否存在AAC设置为钙化组和对照组。比较2组VitK_(2)及其相关指标的差异,用二元Logistic回归法分析AAC的独立影响因素,探讨VitK_(2)与AAC的相关性。结果共纳入178例患者。钙化组104例,男性59例,女性45例,年龄(67.58±11.90)岁;对照组74例,男性54例,女性20例,年龄(52.86±14.17)岁。钙化率58.43%。与对照组相比,钙化组估算肾小球滤过率(eGFR)(Z=1.974,P=0.041)、VitK_(2)(Z=3.765,P=0.025)、血尿酸(t=2.373,P=0.022)降低,25羟维生素D_(3)(Z=2.077,P=0.042)、C反应蛋白(CRP)(Z=3.214,P=0.001)升高。多因素分析显示VitK_(2)(OR=0.425,95%CI:0.146~0.617,P=0.005)、eGFR(OR=0.854,95%CI:0.814~0.886,P=0.023)和年龄(OR=1.123,95%CI:1.075~1.176,P=0.001)为AAC的独立影响因素,回归模型方程为ln[P/(1-P)]=-2.657+0.122×年龄-0.166×eGFR-0.866×VitK_(2)。相关性分析显示AAC与VitK_(2)(r=-0.253,P=0.034)、eGFR(r=-0.263,P=0.005)呈负相关;与年龄(r=0.343,P=0.001)、CRP(r=0.241,P=0.001)和全段甲状旁腺激素(r=0.191,P=0.011)呈正相关。结论血清VitK_(2)与AAC具有一定的相关性,血清VitK_(2)、eGFR和年龄是AAC的独立影响因素,检测血清VitK_(2)水平可作为评估VC的重要参考指标。

单中心维持性血液透析与腹膜透析患者生存率比较及影响因素

目的 探讨终末期肾脏病(ESRD)患者血液透析(HD)或腹膜透析(PD)治疗的生存差异及影响因素。方法 纳入2016年3月1日—2022年3月1日在我院行HD或PD治疗并长期随访的ESRD患者156例,其中HD 87例(HD组),PD 69例(PD组)。记录患者性别、年龄、体重、血压、尿量、原发病、血红蛋白、白蛋白、N端脑钠肽前体(NT-proBNP)、甲状旁腺激素(PTH)、残余肾功能、血肌酐、血尿素氮,观察终点事件为全因死亡。生存分析采用Kaplan-Meier分析,生存率比较采用log-rank检验。各因素对生存的影响采用多因素Cox回归风险分析。结果 两组患者性别、年龄、体重、尿量、原发病、血压、血红蛋白、白蛋白、NT-proBNP、PTH、残余肾功能、血肌酐、血尿素氮比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。HD组和PD组中位生存时间分别为36.0月、42.0月;HD组和PD组1、2、3、4、5年生存率分别为87.3%、80.5%、54%、39.1%、34.5%和86.9%、69.6%、55.1%、29%、24.6%。Log-rank检验显示两组患者生存率比较差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.049,P=0.826)。多因素COX回归分析提示年龄、体重、高血压、NT-proBNP及PTH是终末期肾病患者生存率的影响因素(P=0.010、0.004、0.012、0.003、0.006)。年龄、体重、高血压及血红蛋白是HD组患者生存率的影响因素(P=0.002、0.027、0.023、0.011)。年龄、体重、尿量、血红蛋白及PTH是PD组患者生存率的影响因素(P=0.005、0.067、0.009、0.046、0.018)。结论 终末期肾病患者HD和PD治疗5年生存率比较无明显差异,年龄、体重、高血压、NT-proBNP及PTH是维持性透析患者生存率主要影响因素;HD患者年龄、体重、高血压及血红蛋白含量是生存率主要影响因素;而PD患者年龄、体重、尿量、血红蛋白含量及PTH是生存率主要影响因素。

基于CT图像的肌肉质量与维持性透析患者便秘的相关性研究

目的便秘是一种常见的胃肠道症状,在透析患者中发病率很高。众所周知,影响透析患者便秘的因素很多,但肌肉质量是否影响便秘尚不清楚。本研究的目的是探讨透析患者肌肉质量与便秘之间的关系。方法纳入东南大学附属中大医院3个院区的透析中心,428名透析患者参加横断面研究。便秘通过便秘评估量表(constipation assessment scale,CAS)进行评估;肌肉质量使用计算机断层扫描(computed tomography,CT)测定L1椎体水平。采用多因素Logistic回归分析肌肉质量对便秘的影响。结果共有428名透析患者参加本研究。透析患者平均年龄(56.09±15.17)岁,便秘患病率为62.38%。在CAS评分结果中,多元Logistic回归结果显示:透析龄(OR=0.942,95%CI:0.910~0.976,P<0.001)和低肌肉脂肪浸润(low attenuation muscle,LAM)密度(OR=0.825,95%CI:0.771~0.961,P=0.008)是影响便秘的保护因素,糖尿病史(OR=2.331,95%CI:1.290~4.212,P<0.001)是便秘的危险因素。在性别亚组分析中,男性透析患者,较短的透析龄(OR=0.946,95%CI:0.903~0.990,P=0.017)和较低的LAM密度(OR=0.868,95%CI:0.777~0.970,P=0.014)是便秘的危险因素;女性透析患者,较短的透析龄(OR=0.934,95%CI:0.884~0.987,P=0.015)和较低的LAM密度(OR=0.784,95%CI:0.675~0.911,P=0.002)是便秘的危险因素。结论本研究表明透析患者便秘的发生率较高,LAM密度是透析患者便秘的独立危险因素,本研究为了解透析患者便秘易感性的原因提供了新的视角。

左室压力-应变环评估终末期肾病透析患者左室收缩功能的临床价值

目的探讨左室压力-应变环(LV-PSL)评估终末期肾病血液透析和腹膜透析患者左室收缩功能的临床应用价值。方法选取于我院就诊的79例慢性肾脏病5期患者,其中血液透析组29例、腹膜透析组27例及未透析组23例,均行常规超声心动图检查并获取相关参数,应用自动心肌功能成像分析软件获取左室整体纵向应变(GLS)及心肌做功指数(MWI),包括整体做功指数(GWI)、整体有效功(GCW)、整体无效功(GWW)、整体做功效率(GWE),比较各组上述参数的差异。分析MWI与常规超声心动图参数、GLS、血压、透析时间、透析方式的相关性。结果各组常规超声心动图参数和GLS比较差异均无统计学意义。血液透析组GWI、GCW均低于腹膜透析组和未透析组,GWW高于腹膜透析组和未透析组,GWE低于腹膜透析组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。相关性分析显示,GWI、GCW与GLS、左室射血分数(LVEF)、收缩压、舒张压均呈正相关,与室间隔厚度(IVS)、透析时间、透析方式均呈负相关(均P<0.05);GWW与透析方式呈正相关,与GLS呈负相关(均P<0.05);GWE与GLS、LVEF均呈正相关,与IVS、左室后壁厚度、透析方式均呈负相关(均P<0.05)。结论血液透析对终末期肾病患者左室收缩功能的影响较腹膜透析更大,LV-PSL能准确评估该类患者左室收缩功能,具有较好的临床应用价值。

腹膜透析与高通量血液透析治疗终末期肾病患者的效果比较

目的:比较腹膜透析与高通量血液透析治疗终末期肾病患者的效果。方法:回顾性分析2021年1月至2023年6月该院收治的70例终末期肾病患者的临床资料,按治疗方式不同将其分为对照组与观察组各35例。对照组采用高通量血液透析治疗,观察组采用腹膜透析治疗。比较两组治疗前后肾功能指标[血尿素氮(BUN)、血肌酐(Scr)、肾小球滤过率(GFR)、β_(2)-微球蛋白(β_(2)-MG)]水平、炎性因子[肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)]水平、T细胞亚群指标(CD4^(+)、CD3^(+)、CD8^(+)、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+))水平和并发症发生率。结果:治疗后,两组BUN、Scr、β_(2)-MG水平均低于治疗前,且观察组低于对照组,两组GFR水平均高于治疗前,且观察组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组TNF-α、IL-6、hs-CRP水平均低于治疗前,且观察组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组CD4^(+)、CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)+水平均高于治疗前,且观察组高于对照组,两组CD8水平均低于治疗前,且观察组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组并发症发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:腹膜透析治疗终末期肾病患者可改善肾功能指标和T细胞亚群指标水平,降低炎性因子水平,其效果优于高通量血液透析治疗。

四维自动左房定量技术评价不同透析方式对尿毒症患者左房结构和功能的影响

目的应用四维自动左房定量技术(4D Auto LAQ)评价不同透析方式对尿毒症患者左房结构和功能的影响。方法选取于我院肾内科就诊的尿毒症患者80例,根据透析方式分为血液透析组39例和腹膜透析组41例,另选同期健康体检者35例作为正常对照组。应用常规超声心动图获取左室射血分数(LVEF)、左房内径(LAD)、左室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)、室间隔厚度(IVS)、左室后壁厚度(LVPW);4D Auto LAQ获取左房应变参数,包括左房储备期纵向应变(LASr)、左房管道期纵向应变(LAScd)、左房收缩期纵向应变(LASct)、左房储备期环形应变(LASr-c)、左房管道期环形应变(LAScd-c)、左房收缩期环形应变(LASct-c),以及左房容积参数,包括左房最大容积(LAVmax)、左房最小容积(LAVmin)、左房收缩前容积(LAVpreA)、左房射血分数(LAEF),比较各组上述参数的差异;分析LAEF与左房应变参数的相关性。结果①各组常规超声心动图参数比较:腹膜透析组和血液透析组LAD、LVEDD、IVS、LVPW均较正常对照组增大,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);各组LVEF比较差异无统计学意义。②各组4D Auto LAQ左房应变参数比较:与正常对照组比较,腹膜透析组LASr、LAScd、LASr-c、LAScd-c均减小,LASct、LASct-c均增大,血液透析组LASr、LAScd、LASct、LASr-c、LAScd-c、LASct-c均减小,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);除LAScd外,血液透析组LASr、LAScd、LASct、LASr-c、LAScd-c、LASct-c均较腹膜透析组减小,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。③各组4D Auto LAQ左房容积参数比较:与正常对照组比较,腹膜透析组LAVmax、LAVmin、LAVpreA均增大,LAEF减小,血液透析组LAVmax、LAVmin、LAVpreA均增大,LAEF减小,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);与腹膜透析组比较,血液透析组LAVmax、LAmin、LAVpreA均增大,LAEF减小,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。④相关性分析显示,LAEF与LASr、LAScd、LASr-c、LAScd-c、LASct、LASct-c均呈正相关(r=0.531、0.522、0.705、0.686、0.306、0.376,均P<0.001)。结论4D Auto LAQ可用于评价不同透析方式对尿毒症患者左房结构和功能的影响,其中血液透析较腹膜透析对左房结构和功能影响更大。

体成分分析水负荷参数对不同模式透析患者预后的影响:多中心前瞻性队列研究

背景维持性血液透析(MHD)和腹膜透析(PD)是当前尿毒症患者主要的治疗方式,如何更好地制订治疗方案解决透析患者水负荷问题一直是临床研究的重要内容,应用体成分分析(BCM)对不同模式透析患者转归的影响仍有争议。目的研究BCM中的水负荷(OH)参数与MHD和PD患者预后的关系。方法纳入2017年10月—2022年3月在首都医科大学附属北京积水潭医院、北京博爱医院、航空总医院、北京市昌平区医院、北京市昌平区中西医结合医院维持性透析的334例患者为研究对象。根据患者采用肾脏替代治疗模式,将患者分为MHD组(n=188)和PD组(n=146)。通过电子病历系统收集患者一般资料,收集BCM相关参数。对纳入研究的患者进行随访,记录透析治疗参数、体质量、收缩压、舒张压,计算多次随访结果的平均值,随访期间记录终点事件,首要终点事件为全因死亡(ACM),次要终点事件包括心血管事件(CVE)、复合不良事件(CAE)、外科手术或骨折(SOF)。采用Spearman秩相关分析探究终点事件与BCM参数的相关性,多因素逐步Logistic回归分析探究患者发生次要终点事件的影响因素。采用Kaplan-Meier法绘制患者ACM生存曲线,采用Log-rank检验比较两组患者生存曲线的差异。采用多因素Cox回归分析探究患者ACM的影响因素。结果共311例患者完成了随访,中位随访时间29.9(18.0,36.0)个月,随访截至2022-09-30,其中MHD组176例,PD组135例完成了随访。MHD组透析龄、体质量、目标体质量、脂肪组织含量、脂肪含量、脂肪组织指数高于PD组,OH低于PD组(P<0.05)。MHD组体质量平均值、目标体质量平均值、收缩压平均值、脂肪组织含量平均值、脂肪组织指数平均值高于PD组,OH平均值、水负荷标准差(OHsd)、水负荷最大变化值(OHd)、水负荷最大变化值低于PD组。MHD组CVE、CAE、SOF的发生率分别为16.5%(29/176)、39.2%(69/176)、4.0%(7/176),PD组分别为45.9%(62/135)、83.0%(112/135)、8.2%(11/135)。MHD组CVE、CAE发生率低于PD组(χ^(2)=32.009,P<0.001;χ^(2)=60.132,P<0.001)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示MHD组细胞外水平均值/细胞内水平均值(OR=57.974,95%CI=1.393~2413.247)为CVE的影响因素(P<0.05),OHd(OR=1.255,95%CI=1.076~1.462)为CAE的影响因素(P<0.05);PD组患者年龄(OR=1.029,95%CI=1.008~1.052)为CVE的影响因素(P<0.05),OHd(OR=1.962,95%CI=1.355~2.842)为CAE的影响因素(P<0.05)。两组患者ACM的Kaplan-Meier生存曲线结果示,PD组ACM发生率高于MHD组(χ^(2)=7.145,P=0.008)。多因素Cox回归分析结果显示,年龄是MHD组ACM的影响因素(HR=1.070,95%CI=1.019~1.123),舒张压平均值(HR=0.942,95%CI=0.854~0.992)、OHsd(HR=3.612,95%CI=2.072~6.296)是PD组ACM的影响因素。结论PD患者首要终点事件、次要终点事件发生率高于MHD患者,且PD患者较MHD患者OH更明显,BCM所得OH值的波动可以预测PD患者的ACM。

Comparison of Toxoplasma gondii seropositivity in hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis patients

Objective:To compare the seropositivity of Toxoplasma gondii in a group of peritoneal dialysis patients with hemodialysis patients and a general local population as a control group in Tabriz,Northwest Iran.Methods:A total of 176 individuals were participated in the present study.Among them,42 were peritoneal dialysis patients,84 were hemodialysis patients and 50 were healthy volunteers.Anti-Toxoplasma immunoglobulin G and immunoglobulin M serologic study was administered on the collected serums and then the obtained data were analyzed using statistical methods.Results:In the present research,70.2%of hemodialysis patients,66.6%of peritoneal dialysis patients and 68%of control group had positive results for anti-Toxoplasma immunoglobulin G antibody.All individuals of the groups had negative serologic results for anti-Toxoplasma immunoglobulin M antibody.There was no significant difference between Toxoplasma gondii seropositivity in hemodialysis patients and peritoneal dialysis patients and general population(P>0.05).Conclusions:The findings showed that either peritoneal dialysis or hemodialysis doesn’t increase the risk of Toxoplasma seropositivity in our region(Northwest Iran).It could be explained by the fact that the present research is carried out in a high seroprevalent area scale in which the majority of normal population had previous exposure to this parasitical infection.

血小板相关参数对腹膜透析患者伴发焦虑、抑郁状态的诊断效能

目的分析血小板相关参数与腹膜透析(PD)患者焦虑、抑郁发病的相关性,及其对PD患者伴发焦虑、抑郁状态的诊断效能。方法选取2022年9月至2023年2月河北北方学院附属第一医院PD患者245例,采用广泛性焦虑量表(GAD-7)和患者健康问卷(PHQ-9)分别评估患者焦虑、抑郁情况。收集患者个人信息和生化指标,并检测血小板计数(PLT)、平均血小板体积(MPV)和血小板分布宽度(PDW),采用Logistic回归分析血小板相关参数与PD患者伴发焦虑、抑郁状态的关系。结果245例PD患者中,焦虑发病率为15.9%,抑郁发病率为38.0%。患者透析龄(Z=-2.358,P=0.018;Z=-3.079,P=0.002)、MPV(Z=-4.953,P<0.001;Z=-7.878,P<0.001)、PDW(Z=-4.587,P<0.001;Z=-7.367,P<0.001)在焦虑组和无焦虑组、抑郁组和无抑郁组间差异均有统计学意义。相关性分析显示,MPV(r=0.358,P<0.001;r=0.489,P<0.001)、PDW(r=0.340,P<0.001;r=0.447,P<0.001)与PD患者伴发焦虑、抑郁状态具有正相关性。Logistic回归模型结果显示,MPV(P=0.022,P=0.011)、PDW(P=0.041,P=0.018)、透析龄(P=0.011,P=0.030)是PD患者伴发焦虑、抑郁状态的独立危险因素。MPV诊断PD患者伴发焦虑、抑郁状态的受试者工作特征曲线下面积分别为0.750、0.800;PDW诊断PD患者伴发焦虑、抑郁状态的受试者工作特征曲线下面积分别为0.732、0.780。结论MPV和PDW对PD伴发焦虑、抑郁状态具有较高的诊断效能,可作为评估PD患者伴发焦虑、抑郁状态的客观参考指标。

全身免疫炎症指数在慢性肾脏病患者中的研究进展

慢性肾脏病(chronic kidney disease,CKD)是一种全球性的健康问题,其发病机制错综复杂,持续的低度炎症状态是其本质特征。近年来,全身免疫炎症指数(systemic immune inflammation index,SII)作为评估炎症状态的新工具能更好的反映患者全身炎症水平,受到了广泛关注,它的计算公式为血小板计数×中性粒细胞计数/淋巴细胞计数,因为容易获取、价格低廉、易于计算等优势,成为一个“热点问题”被广泛应用于临床。本文旨在综述SII在CKD患者中的研究进展,探讨其与CKD发生、发展的关系,以及该指数在疾病监测和预后评估中的应用价值,以期为后续相关研究提供有价值的参考。

腹膜透析与血液透析治疗老年终末期肾病的疗效分析

目的 研究腹膜透析(PD)与血液透析(HD)治疗老年终末期肾病(ESRD)患者肾功能、心功能、氧化应激损伤指标的影响。方法 选取平顶山市第一人民医院肾内科2020年2月至2023年2月期间125例老年ESRD患者作为研究目标,采用随机数字表法进行分组,对照组62例给予HD治疗,观察组63例给予PD治疗,两组患者均持续治疗6个月,6个月后收集数据并对比两组患者肾功能、心功能相关指标及氧化应激损伤指标。结果 观察组肾小球滤过率(GFR)、血肌酐(SCr)及尿素氮(BUN)水平改善幅度明显优于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P <0.05);观察组左心室射血分数、心脏指数、每搏输出量和左心室后壁厚度改善幅度明显优于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P <0.05);观察组丙二醛(MDA)、总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)水平改善幅度明显高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P <0.05)。结论 PD治疗老年ESRD患者有明显疗效,能够通过清除血液毒素成分、促进脂质代谢及减少炎症因子释放等机制,改善肾功能、心功能相关指标及氧化应激损伤指标,疗效显著,值得临床应用。