The yield monitors use a constant delay time to match the grain flow with location.Therefore,mixing and smoothing effects on the grain flow are neglected.Although constant time delay compensates for time mismatch,actu...The yield monitors use a constant delay time to match the grain flow with location.Therefore,mixing and smoothing effects on the grain flow are neglected.Although constant time delay compensates for time mismatch,actual grain flow at a combine harvester head is not equal to the grain flow measured by a sensor due to the dynamics effects.In order to eliminate the dynamics effects,a new method for estimating actual grain flow,called proportional distribution(PD),is proposed.This method assumes that actual grain flow is directly proportional to the feedrate.Based on this assumption,the actual grain flow results from redistributing accumulated grain mass over a certain time according to the profile of the feedrate.The PD can avoid the dynamics effects because the feedrate is measured at a combine harvester’s head.Compared with constant time delay,the proposed method can effectively estimate actual grain flow and be applied to improve the accuracy of yield maps.展开更多
The grain yield data collected by the intelligent yield measurement system of the combine harvester is generated into a field plot yield distribution map,which is of great significance for guiding agricultural product...The grain yield data collected by the intelligent yield measurement system of the combine harvester is generated into a field plot yield distribution map,which is of great significance for guiding agricultural production.However,in the process of drawing the yield map,the combine harvester is affected by vibration during operation and the generated error data in the process of collecting data which will cause the drawing results to be inaccurate.This study researched two factors that cause errors,then,the influence of vibration interference on the measurement signal was eliminated by filtering,vibration isolation,and designing a double-plates differential grain flow sensor.Three methods were taken to eliminate random errors,gross errors and systematic errors,including using the arithmetic average value to replace the true value,the 3σcriterion,and removing the filling time data and the delaying time data.Finally,the grain yield distribution map was obtained through Matlab and Excel.The results showed that the interference frequency above 50 Hz could be eliminated by filtering,but it was difficult to filter the low-frequency signal which was close to the grain impact frequency.The vibration amplitude was reduced to 14.29%by adding a vibration isolation plate,and the SNR was increased from−4.67 dB to 29.21 dB by combining low-pass filtering and damping vibration isolation.When the grain feeding rate was 2 kg/s,the natural vibration amplitude of the sensor after difference was about 0.02 V and evenly distributed around the zero voltage 0.2 V.The influence of positive and negative offset on the average value of grain impact signal could be ignored,and the signal-to-noise ratio was increased from 29.21 dB to 62.49 dB.The results of field experiments showed that the yield map drawn can clearly display the yield value of the harvest area,which is used to guide agricultural production.展开更多
Real time sensing of crop yield is critical for a successful implementation of precision agriculture.Yield monitoring system is an optional component of a 55 kW multi-purpose combine harvester,developed in Korea,for b...Real time sensing of crop yield is critical for a successful implementation of precision agriculture.Yield monitoring system is an optional component of a 55 kW multi-purpose combine harvester,developed in Korea,for both domestic and global markets,especially Asian countries where field sizes are relatively small.The aim of the present study was to fabricate and evaluate the performance of a grain flow sensor suitable to the mid-sized full-feed type combine for rice,soybean,and barley.Firstly,commercially available non-contact type sensing modules(optical,ultrasonic,laser,and microwave modules)were chosen for alternative candidates,to be further tested in a laboratory bench.Through the laboratory tests,the ultrasonic module was selected as a potential approach and the performance was improved by increasing the number of modules and their layout.Finally,the improved grain flow sensor was evaluated during field harvesting operation.Field tests with the improved grain flow sensor showed a good potential for rice(R^(2)=0.85,RMSE=126.14 g/s),soybean(R^(2)=0.78,RMSE=43.87 g/s),and barley(R^(2)=0.83,RMSE=37.39 g/s).Further research would be necessary for improvement and commercialization,through various signal processing and field tests under different field and crop conditions.展开更多
基金supported by Nature Science Foundation of Liaoning Province,China(No.2015020128)。
文摘The yield monitors use a constant delay time to match the grain flow with location.Therefore,mixing and smoothing effects on the grain flow are neglected.Although constant time delay compensates for time mismatch,actual grain flow at a combine harvester head is not equal to the grain flow measured by a sensor due to the dynamics effects.In order to eliminate the dynamics effects,a new method for estimating actual grain flow,called proportional distribution(PD),is proposed.This method assumes that actual grain flow is directly proportional to the feedrate.Based on this assumption,the actual grain flow results from redistributing accumulated grain mass over a certain time according to the profile of the feedrate.The PD can avoid the dynamics effects because the feedrate is measured at a combine harvester’s head.Compared with constant time delay,the proposed method can effectively estimate actual grain flow and be applied to improve the accuracy of yield maps.
基金supported by the Open Project of the Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment and TechnologyMinistry of Education of the PRC(Grant No.JNZ201911)the Youth Talent Development and Program of Jiangsu University,and the Key Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment and Intelligent High Technology Research of Jiangsu Province.
文摘The grain yield data collected by the intelligent yield measurement system of the combine harvester is generated into a field plot yield distribution map,which is of great significance for guiding agricultural production.However,in the process of drawing the yield map,the combine harvester is affected by vibration during operation and the generated error data in the process of collecting data which will cause the drawing results to be inaccurate.This study researched two factors that cause errors,then,the influence of vibration interference on the measurement signal was eliminated by filtering,vibration isolation,and designing a double-plates differential grain flow sensor.Three methods were taken to eliminate random errors,gross errors and systematic errors,including using the arithmetic average value to replace the true value,the 3σcriterion,and removing the filling time data and the delaying time data.Finally,the grain yield distribution map was obtained through Matlab and Excel.The results showed that the interference frequency above 50 Hz could be eliminated by filtering,but it was difficult to filter the low-frequency signal which was close to the grain impact frequency.The vibration amplitude was reduced to 14.29%by adding a vibration isolation plate,and the SNR was increased from−4.67 dB to 29.21 dB by combining low-pass filtering and damping vibration isolation.When the grain feeding rate was 2 kg/s,the natural vibration amplitude of the sensor after difference was about 0.02 V and evenly distributed around the zero voltage 0.2 V.The influence of positive and negative offset on the average value of grain impact signal could be ignored,and the signal-to-noise ratio was increased from 29.21 dB to 62.49 dB.The results of field experiments showed that the yield map drawn can clearly display the yield value of the harvest area,which is used to guide agricultural production.
基金This research was supported by the Technology Innovation Program(or Industrial Strategic Technology Development Program,10044654,‘Development of a 55 kW full feed type combine for paddy field’),funded by the Ministry of Trade,Industry&Energy,Korea.
文摘Real time sensing of crop yield is critical for a successful implementation of precision agriculture.Yield monitoring system is an optional component of a 55 kW multi-purpose combine harvester,developed in Korea,for both domestic and global markets,especially Asian countries where field sizes are relatively small.The aim of the present study was to fabricate and evaluate the performance of a grain flow sensor suitable to the mid-sized full-feed type combine for rice,soybean,and barley.Firstly,commercially available non-contact type sensing modules(optical,ultrasonic,laser,and microwave modules)were chosen for alternative candidates,to be further tested in a laboratory bench.Through the laboratory tests,the ultrasonic module was selected as a potential approach and the performance was improved by increasing the number of modules and their layout.Finally,the improved grain flow sensor was evaluated during field harvesting operation.Field tests with the improved grain flow sensor showed a good potential for rice(R^(2)=0.85,RMSE=126.14 g/s),soybean(R^(2)=0.78,RMSE=43.87 g/s),and barley(R^(2)=0.83,RMSE=37.39 g/s).Further research would be necessary for improvement and commercialization,through various signal processing and field tests under different field and crop conditions.
基金Supported by National High-Tech Research and Development Program of China(863 Program)(2010AA101402)Postdoctoral Fund of China(20110490124)+2 种基金High-Tech Key Laboratory of Agricultrual Equipment&Intelligentization of Jiangsu ProvinceA Project Funded by the PriorityAcademic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions and Scientific Research Project of Jiangsu University(10JDG083)
