Effects of a Combined Application of Nitrogenous and Phosphorus Fertilizers on the Growth of Pinus radiata

In the arid valley of the upper reaches of the Minjiang river,combined application tests of nitrogenous and phosphorus fertilizers were conducted to the 1-year-old seedlings of Pinus radiate to investigate the appropriate amount of fertilization,so as to provide bases of fertilization management of young P.radiate in the arid val-ley.Different combined application amounts of nitrogenous and phosphorus were studied based on the randomized blocks design.The results showed that in comparing 3 treatment groups with the control,the first and second treatments significantly increased the ground diameter and height of P.radiate,while the third treatment merely significantly increased the ground diameter.Under the conditions of this study,the recommended fertilization amount was 30 g of urea and 150 g of calcium superphosphate per plant for the one-year-old P.radiate.

Production Benefits of Double-Cropping Rice Under Optimized Application of Nitrogen and Potassium Fertilizers Combined with Chinese Milk Vetch and Straw Co-Returning to Fields

In order to explore the technology and effects of reducing nitrogen and potassium fertilizer applications in double-cropping rice,a field plot experiment was conducted to study the effects of optimized application of nitrogen and potassium fertilizers combined with returning Chinese milk vetch and straw to fields on yield,fertilizer utilization efficiency,net photosynthetic rate(Pn),stomatal conductance(Gs),intercellular CO_(2) concentration(Ci),chlorophyll content(SPAD value)and soil physical and chemical properties in late rice harvest period.The results showed that the optimized application of nitrogen and potassium fertilizers combined with the integrated technology of Chinese milk vetch and straw co-returning to the field could enhance the photosynthetic efficiency of double-cropping rice,increase rice yield,and enhance soil biological activity,especially T4 treatment involving the returning of Chinese milk vetch and straw to the field instead of 30%nitrogen fertilizer achieved the highest rice yield,fertilizer use efficiency,net photosynthetic rate and soil biological activity.Compared with the conventional fertilization treatment T2,the total rice yield of T4 treatment increased by 4.1%,among which the early rice and late rice increased by 6.3%and 2.4%,respectively;Pn,Gs and SPAD values of flag leaves at full heading stage significantly increased,and the contents of soil active organic carbon,alkali hydrolyzed nitrogen,available phosphorus and readily available potassium significantly increased.

Study on Absorption Law of Nitrogen,Phosphorus and Potassium and Proper Nitrogen Application in Chuanxiangyou 9838 under No-tillage Cultivation

The aim of the study is to investigate the absorption laws of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, and proper nitrogen application in Chuanxiangyou 9838 under no-tillage cultivation. Five nitrogen application treatments were designed to analyze the absorption laws of N, P and K, and to discuss the effects of different N fertilizer application amounts on yield and yield composition factors of Chuanxiangyou 9838. The results showed that gross nutrient absorption in Chuanxiangyou 9838 was greatly varied at different developmental stages under rice-rape rotation with no-tillage. The maximum N absorption in Chuanxiangyou 9838 appeared at jointing stage followed by heading stage, thirdly the tillefing stage ; the P absorption in Chuanxiangyou 9838 presented the consecutively slight increase during seedling stage and mature stage ; the K absorption in Chuanxiangyou 9838 was mainly conducted from jointing stage to heading stage, during which K absorption accounts for 73.4% of the total absorption in whole developmental stage. Consequently, N fertilizer should be applied earlier （ before jointing stage）, P fertilizer is suitable as base fertilizer and application of K fertilizer should be preferably conducted at early-middle period. When the yield reached 11 t/hm^2, the optimal N application amount in Chuanxiangyou 9838 was about 165 kg/hm^2.

Effects of Nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium Combined Fertilization on Rice Yield and Fertilizer Use Efficiency in Jianghan Plain

[Objectives]This study was conducted to explore the rational formula for rice fertilization in Jianghan Plain.[Methods]An experiment on the combined application of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizers was carried out in Jianghan Plain,an important rice producing area in Hubei,with a total of five treatments to study the effects of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizers on the fertilizer use efficiency and yield of rice.[Results]Fertilization had a significant effect on improving rice yield,and nitrogen fertilizer had the greatest effect on rice yield,followed by potassium fertilizer and phosphorous fertilizer.[Conclusions]This study provides a scientific basis for the application of rice fertilizers and the reduction and efficiency improvement of chemical fertilizers in Jianghan Plain.

Effect Models of Nitrogen,Phosphorus and Potassium Fertilizer Formulation in Banana

[Objective] The aim was to modify the application amount of N,P and K fertilizer so as to provide a reference for establishing balanced fertilization index system of banana.[Method]The N,P and K fertilizer ＂3414＂ test was carried out on banana,and then regression analysis was performed on the fertilizer effect.Ternary quadratic,binary quadric and one-variable quadratic regression equations for the fertilizer effect on the banana yield were constructed.[Result]Suitable amount of N,P and K fertilizer had significant yield improving effect,whereas overdose of fertilizer application led to decreasing of utilization rate of fertilizer.Therefore,suitable amount of N,P and K fertilizer should be selected in production.It could be concluded that one-variable quadratic regression equations was the best model to calculate the suitable fertilizer amount.The best yield range of banana in the tested field was 44.193-45.904 t/hm2,while the corresponding optimum application amount of N,P2O5 and K2O was 795.1,262.3 and 1 236.9 kg/hm2 respectively,and the ratio among nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium are 1∶0.33∶1.55.[Conclusion]The result in this study could provide references for the soil types similar to the tested field.

Effects of different ration of NPK fertilizer on the grain yield and protein content in forage rice

Different ratios of NPK were adopted in this research to study its effects on the objective traits of 2 early forage-rice varieties, and to obtain the optimum ratio to further improve the application technique in theory. At the same time, the possibility of increasing yield and protein content in the grain through cultivation technique was also studied. The conclusions were：

Effect of Fertilizer Application on the Yield of Walnut (Juglans regia L.)

[Objectives] This study was conducted to explore the fertilization ratio of walnut, so as to provide a basis for rational fertilization of walnut. [Methods] Under the condition of gravelly yellow soil in Chaotian District, Guangyuan City, the orthogonal design of L_9(3~4) was used to test the fertilization ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. [Results] The effects of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers on walnut yield ranked as phosphate fertilizer>potassium fertilizer>nitrogen fertilizer. The different treatments had great effects on the yield of walnut, and for the land with gravelly yellow soil, the suitable annual fertilization amount of walnut was urea 1 200 g/plant + calcium superphosphate 1 500 g/plant + potassium sulfate 940 g/plant. [Conclusions] This study provides a theoretical basis for rational fertilization of walnut in Sichuan Province.

Spatiotemporal Changes in Soil Nutrients:A Case Study in Taihu Region of China

The accurate assessment of the spatiotemporal changes in soil nutrients influenced by agricultural production provides the basis for development of management strategies to maintain soil fertility and balance soil nutrients. In this paper, we combined spatial measurements from 2 157 soil samples and geostatistical analysis to assess the spatiotemporal changes in soil organic carbon （SOC）, total nitrogen （TN）, available phosphorus （AP） and available potassium content （AK） from the first soil survey （in the 1980s） to the second soil survey （in the 2000s） in the Taihu region of Jiangsu Province in China. The results showed that average soil nutrients in three soil types all exhibited the increased levels in the 2000s （except for AK in the yellow brown soil）. The standard deviation of soil nutrient contents increased （except for TN in the paddy soil）. Agricultural production in the 20 years led to increases in SOC, TN, AP and AK by 74, 82, 89 and 65%, respectively, of the Taihu areas analyzed. From the 1980s to 2000s all the nugget/sill ratios of soil nutrients indices were between 25 and 75% （except for AK in the yellow brown soil in the 2000s）, indicating moderate spatial dependence. The ratio of AP in the yellow brown soil in the 2000s was 88.74%, showing weak spatial dependence. The spatial correlation range values for SOC, TN, AP and AK in the 2000s all decreased. The main areas showing declines in SOC, TN and AP were in the northwest. For AK, the main region with declining levels was in the east and middle of western areas. Apparently, the increase in soil nutrients in the Taihu region can be mainly attributed to the large increase in fertilizer inputs, change in crop systems and enhanced residues management since the 1980s. Future emphasis should be placed on avoiding excess fertilizer inputs and balancing the effects of the fertilizers in soils.

氮磷配施和化肥减施对小麦生长、养分利用及产量性状的影响

为明确氮磷配施和化肥减施对小麦生长、养分利用及产量性状的影响,以8个晋南主栽品种为材料,于2019—2021年开展水培和大田定位试验,水培试验设置4个氮磷水平(N 0.2 mmol·L^(-1)+P 0.1 mmol·L^(-1)、N 0.2 mmol·L^(-1)+P 2.5 mmol·L^(-1)、N 4 mmol·L^(-1)+P 0.1 mmol·L^(-1)、N 4 mmol·L^(-1)+P 2.5 mmol·L^(-1)),对不同小麦品种苗期性状进行初步考察筛选;大田试验设置常规施肥(CF)、化肥减施(FR)和不施肥(CK)3个处理,研究不同年型下化肥减施对小麦生长发育、养分利用及产量的影响。结果表明,水培条件下,不同氮磷水平品育8161株高、根长、植株干重、根干重及根冠比均最低;良星67在低磷时正常氮较低氮植株干重增幅仅为17.07%,根干重反而降低,且在正常氮磷时根冠比较低。大田生产条件下,2019—2020年度(丰水年)化肥减施处理下以品育8012、济麦22产量较高,二者差异不显著,邯农1412产量最低,仅为7520.18 kg·hm^(-2)。其中,山农20、中麦4072和邯农1412产量均表现为化肥减施显著低于常规施肥。2020—2021年度(干旱年)化肥减施处理下济麦22产量为6191.53 kg·hm^(-2),显著高于品育8012和石农086,其籽粒氮素积累量和磷素吸收效率均最高,分别为130.35 kg·hm^(-2)和0.79 kg·kg^(-1)。干旱年减施化肥导致小麦生育后期叶片早衰,显著降低成熟期干物质积累,但对茎秆形态特征影响较小。综上,晋南小麦-玉米轮作区小麦生育期基施纯N 180.0 kg·hm^(-2)、P_(2)O_(5)105.0 kg·hm^(-2)、K_(2)O34.5 kg·hm^(-2),拔节期追施纯N 60.0 kg·hm^(-2)时,丰水年品育8012和济麦22产量较高,干旱年济麦22产量最高,且化肥减施有利于提高济麦22开花前营养器官干物质贮藏再转运量及其对籽粒的贡献率和第3节间厚度。单纯的连年化肥减施在干旱年份会导致小麦产量的稳定性和可持续性降低。本研究结果为晋南麦区小麦稳产高效栽培提供了技术参考。

氮、磷、钾配施对葛根生长及品质的影响

为探明氮、磷、钾肥配施对葛根生长及品质的影响,为葛根高效栽培提供合理的施肥技术支撑和理论依据,采用L_(9)(3~4)正交试验设计,研究氮、磷、钾配施对葛根产量和主要功能成分的影响,明确研究区葛根氮、磷、钾的最佳施用量。结果表明,不同施肥方案对葛根产量和功能成分的影响显著,其中以N_(3)P_(1)K_(2)(N 270kg/hm^(2),P_(2)O_(5)45 kg/hm^(2),K_(2)O 90 kg/hm^(2))处理的产量和总黄酮含量最高,分别为2.13 kg/株和83.10 mg/g;N_(1)P_(3)K_(2)(N 90 kg/hm^(2),P_(2)O_(5)135 kg/hm^(2),K_(2)O 90 kg/hm^(2))的葛根素含量最高,为24.85 mg/g,N_(1)P_(2)K_(3)(N 90 kg/hm^(2),P_(2)O_(5)90 kg/hm^(2),K_(2)O 135 kg/hm^(2))处理的大豆苷和大豆苷元含量均为最高,分别为22.96和2.55 mg/g。氮、磷、钾肥配施对葛根产量和葛根素含量影响的大小顺序为氮肥>钾肥>磷肥。以葛根产量为目标的最佳施肥量为N 270 kg/hm^(2)、P_(2)O_(5)135 kg/hm^(2)、K_(2)O 90 kg/hm^(2),以葛根品质提升为目标的最佳施肥量为N 180 kg/hm^(2)、P_(2)O_(5)135 kg/hm^(2)、K_(2)O 90 kg/hm^(2)。

密度及氮磷钾肥用量对绿豆产量质量的影响

研究不同种植密度及氮、磷、钾肥用量对绿豆产量单一指标及产量质量综合评价指标的影响,为绿豆高产优质生产提供理论依据和技术支撑。以密度及氮、磷、钾肥用量为试验因素,采用四元二次正交旋转组合设计,开展田间试验,测定干籽粒重、纯粮率、蛋白质、脂肪、淀粉5项产量质量指标,采用基于博弈论的组合赋权法综合层次分析法和熵权法权重,确定各单一指标权重,并运用逼近理想解的排序方法构建绿豆产量质量综合评价指标。建立密度及氮、磷、钾肥用量与产量单一指标及产量质量综合评价指标的二次回归数学模型,开展主因素、单因素、交互效应及优化方案分析。干籽粒重、纯粮率、蛋白质、脂肪、淀粉权重分别为0.4070、0.2112、0.1246、0.0949、0.1623。当其他因素为中间水平时,绿豆产量单一指标及产量质量综合评价指标分别随密度、施氮量、施磷量、施钾量增加呈开口向下的抛物线型变化。各因素对绿豆产量单一指标、产量质量综合评价指标的主效应表现为密度>施钾量>施磷量>施氮量。密度、施氮量、施磷量、施钾量之间存在正交互作用。密度为173004~194590株/hm^(2),氮、磷、钾肥用量分别为N 67.33~77.84 kg/hm^(2)、P2O5107.26~116.75 kg/hm^(2)、K_(2)O86.90~90.81 kg/hm^(2),绿豆产量、产量质量综合均较优。

有机无机肥配施对西北地区不同土壤类型氮素矿化影响

为揭示不同施肥措施和土壤类型对我国西北地区典型农田土壤氮素矿化特征的影响,通过室内恒温好气培养法,分别研究不施肥(CK)、单施尿素(U)、单施有机肥(M)和尿素配施有机肥(U+M)施肥模式对土壤氮素矿化动态过程的影响,并对土壤累积矿化氮量进行一级动力学方程拟合及相关性分析。结果表明,施肥和土壤类型均显著影响土壤铵态氮含量、硝态氮含量和累积矿化氮量,且两者之间存在显著的交互作用。不同类型土壤累积矿化氮量和矿化速率由大到小依次为塿土、黄绵土、黄河灌淤土、灰棕漠土。与CK处理相比,不同施肥处理显著增加土壤累积矿化氮量、矿化速率常数(k)和矿化势(N0),处理间差异显著(P<0.05)。单施尿素和尿素配施有机肥处理的累积矿化氮量和矿化速率分别较CK处理增加2.83~6.71倍和3.83~7.70倍。相关分析表明,土壤累积矿化氮量与土壤有机质含量和全氮含量呈显著正相关关系。研究结果表明,有机无机肥配施处理可显著促进西北地区不同土壤类型氮素矿化,提高氮素有效性和供氮能力,有利于保持土壤矿质氮含量,对农田氮素高效利用有重要作用。

氮钾减量配施对甘薯产量和品质的影响

基于重庆地区土壤肥力及施肥水平,在保证作物稳产、优质的情况下,探讨氮钾减量配施对甘薯产量、品质、养分利用和土壤肥力的影响,以期确定本地区甘薯是否存在减肥空间以及适宜的减量配施策略。2021—2022年连续2年在重庆市北碚区歇马街道西南大学薯类作物研究所开展田间试验,采用双因素随机区组试验设计,氮、钾各三水平,分别以常规施N量为126.00 kg hm^(-2)(A1),减施10%(A2)和20%(A3);常规施K2O量96.00 kg hm^(-2)(B1),减施5%(B2)和10%(B3)。试验结果表明,一定程度的氮钾减量配施不会造成甘薯产量的显著下降,氮肥减施达到20%(A3)甘薯单株结薯数显著降低,A3较A1显著减产9.25%。氮肥减施10%和20%分别较A1的块根可溶性糖含量显著增加了0.25%和0.36%,钾肥减施10%则较B1的可溶性糖含量显著增加了0.47%。但氮钾减量配施对甘薯块根淀粉率和可溶性蛋白含量存在不利影响。综上所述,相较于本地常规施氮钾量,减氮10%(A2)配合减钾5%(B2),即施氮量为119.70 kg hm^(-2)、施钾量为86.40 kg hm^(-2),不会降低渝薯198产量和土壤酶活性,可作为本区域甘薯生产中的推荐施肥量.

氮肥与生物炭、有机肥配施对菜心生长及养分积累的影响

【目的】研究氮肥配施生物炭、有机肥对菜心生长和养分积累的影响,为优化菜心养分管理策略、推动菜心提质增效生产提供科学依据。【方法】于2022年和2023年,在广东省蔬菜新技术研究重点实验基地开展连续两年的田间试验,采用裂区试验设计。主因素为氮肥用量,包括不施氮(−N)和优化氮肥用量(N 135 kg/hm^(2),+N)处理;副因素为有机肥(+M)和生物炭(+C)处理。在收获期取样测定菜心生物量、养分含量,并计算养分积累量,并监测2023年菜心生长期内叶面积、生物量及养分积累量的动态变化。【结果】有机肥和生物炭施用均能提高菜心生物量,但施用效果受施氮量的影响,在−N条件下,+C和+M处理两年生物量较−N处理分别平均提高了18.6%和84.5%,而在+N条件下,+C和+M处理生物量比+N处理分别平均增加了10.1%和48.3%。不论是否施用氮肥,有机肥对菜心生物量的提升效果均优于生物炭,−N+M处理两年生物量分别比−N+C增加了19.2%和88.9%,+N+M处理两年生物量较+N+C分别高27.0%和41.1%。氮肥与生物炭、有机肥配施主要提高了收获期菜心氮含量,−N+C、−N+M处理在2022和2023年菜心收获期氮积累量分别较−N处理增加了38.6%、94.4%和51.3%、226.2%,+N+C、+N+M处理在2022年和2023年菜心氮积累量较+N处理分别提高了5.0%、42.1%和31.7%、132.1%。与−N处理相比,−N+C处理菜心收获期磷、钾、镁和硼积累量两年间无显著性差异,而−N+M处理菜心磷、钾、钙和镁积累量均显著提高。无论施氮与否,有机肥对菜心不同生育期生物量和叶面积的促进作用均优于生物炭。【结论】氮肥与生物炭或有机肥配施均能促进菜心生长,提高菜心生物量和养分积累量,不论是否施氮肥,有机肥的施用效果优于生物炭。因此,在高产、高效菜心生产中应结合生物炭和有机肥特点进行合理施用。

氮钾肥施用次数对夏直播棉花干物质积累、产量和养分利用率的影响

【目的】探究氮钾肥施用次数对棉花的影响,为进一步提高长江流域棉区夏直播棉花产量提供参考。【方法】于2021―2022年开展大田试验,采用裂区设计,主区为钾肥(210 kg·hm^(-2))施用次数:K1[播种前(PP)100%]和K2[PP 50%+见花(FF)0 d 50%];副区为氮肥(210 kg·hm^(-2))施用次数:N2[PP 20%+FF 0 d 80%]、N3[PP 20%+FF 0 d 60%+FF 21 d 20%]和N4[PP 10%+FF 0 d 50%+FF 7 d 30%+FF 21 d 10%]。分析不同处理对棉花干物质积累与分配、氮钾积累与分配、产量及其构成因素和养分利用率的影响。【结果】K2N3处理下棉株和源、流、库器官拔秆期的干物质质量和氮、钾积累量以及干物质快速积累期的持续时间和平均积累速率均低于K2N4处理,但干物质以及氮钾向库器官的分配比例较K2N4处理高。K2N3处理可获得较高的籽棉产量和皮棉产量,较K1N2处理(产量最低)分别显著提高31.4%和31.9%,进一步增加施氮次数(K2N4处理)没有显著提高棉花产量。K2N3和K2N4处理的氮肥和钾肥偏生产力无显著差异,但二者均显著高于其他处理。主成分分析结果显示棉花产量的差异主要来源于铃数,促进干物质和氮钾养分向库器官分配有利于提高棉花产量。【结论】长江流域棉区麦后直播棉花,2次施钾配合3次施氮能促进棉株对氮钾的吸收,促进干物质和氮钾养分向库器官分配,增加铃数,提高棉花产量。

土壤氮磷钾含量传感测定技术研究进展

化肥价格上涨和化学物质污染饮用水源的生态担忧促使精准农业和基于场地的管理成为焦点,农业界正通过优化作物产量和减少化肥使用来应对化肥生产成本上升,但土壤氮磷钾含量的准确测定依然主要依赖费时费力的人工采样和实验室分析,限制智能化施肥的发展。为此,国内外学者致力于研究土壤氮磷钾含量的传感测定技术,以实现快速测定土壤养分含量。通过分析现有基于光谱技术和电化学技术的研究,发现这些技术在特定条件下能够准确测定土壤中的氮磷钾含量,但在复杂田间环境中仍存在难以克服的挑战,尚无法实现自主测定。未来需要在土壤条件、光照补偿、自动化作业等方面进行深入研究,以开发实时、原位的NPK检测系统。

不同施肥水平对胡萝卜生长发育的影响

探明氮、磷、钾配施对胡萝卜生长发育的影响,为胡萝卜规范化施肥提供科学依据。以胡萝卜‘焰红2号’为试材,采用“3414”设计进行田间试验,测定其胡萝卜植物学性状和营养品质,根据不同施肥水平联合分析胡萝卜氮、磷、钾的需肥规律,应用隶属函数综合评价出胡萝卜氮、磷、钾的最佳施用量。结果表明,合理的施肥量能够促进胡萝卜的根长、根重、根粗等植物学性状和SPAD、净光合速率等光合性状以及总酚、总黄酮、维生素A等营养品质性状。通过产量的施肥依存度表明,氮、磷、钾对胡萝卜的影响表现为氮>磷>钾;其SPAD值在N_(1)P_(2)K_(1)处理下叶绿素含量最高,净光合速率在N3水平达到最高值,为CO_(2)19.2μmol/(m^(2)·s),N_(2)P_(2)K_(2)水平下的含水量、总酚含量、维生素A含量都达到最高,N_(1)P_(1)K_(2)水平下可溶性糖含量最高,为38.15 mg/g;可溶性蛋白含量和总黄酮含量均在N_(2)P_(1)K_(2)水平下达到最高值,分别为7.64和304.16 mg/g。从植物学性状、光合特性和品质性状3个方面分析,并结合相关性分析和隶属函数法进行综合评价。综合考虑对胡萝卜品质影响较大的有株高、根重、总酚、总黄酮、维生素A等性状,由此表明产量和品质在生产实践中占据着重要的位置。应用隶属函数综合评价出N_(2)P_(2)K_(2)综合性状表现突出,综合排名第一,其氮、磷、钾的配比为N∶P_(2)O_(5):K_(2)O=60∶82:75。

扬州市农田肥料投入现状调查及对策分析

为精准评估扬州市主要农作物肥料投入量,摸清其投入现状及存在问题,提出平衡施肥的丰产对策。基于统计数据和实地调查数据,分析了“十三五”期间(2016—2020年)扬州市各县(市、区)氮、磷、钾肥投入量变化、各县(市、区)化肥和有机肥施用总量(氮、磷、钾肥总量)变化等特征。结果表明,“十三五”期间(2016—2020年)扬州各县(市、区)肥料施用量总体呈下降趋势。其中有机肥施用量以2017年为转折点,呈先逐年增加后下降趋势。宝应县平均有机肥施用量最高,广陵区平均有机肥施用量最低。化肥施用量总体呈下降趋势,广陵区化肥平均施用量最低,江都区化肥平均施用量最高。整体上扬州市氮肥施用总量呈逐年下降,磷和钾肥施用总量呈逐年上升趋势。在此基础上,阐述了扬州市当前存在的化学肥料比例偏高、化肥氮肥总量投入居高不下、肥料运筹简单化等问题,并提出了优化施肥结构,充分利用有机肥;调整施肥比例,合理平衡施肥;科学研判墒情,提高施肥效率等化肥使用的建议,以确保“十四五”期间进一步提高耕地质量,促进农业高质高效绿色可持续发展。

“3414”配方施肥对魔芋产量、品质及肥料利用率的影响

探究氮磷钾配施对陕南地区魔芋生长的影响,为魔芋提供科学施肥参考依据。以‘安魔128’为试验材料,采用“3414”施肥方案研究不同水平的氮磷钾配施条件下魔芋出苗率、发病率、产量及养分利用率的变化。结果表明,随着氮、磷、钾施用量的增加,氮肥、磷肥、钾肥的偏生产力均呈现逐渐降低趋势。且肥料农学效率和偏生产力均表现为P>K>N。综合各项指标来看,N_(1)P_(1)K_(2)处理,即127.5 kg/hm^(2)N+54 kg/hm^(2)P_(2)O_(5)+135 kg/hm^(2)K_(2)O的施肥配比较为理想,最为适合在当地推广。

不同用量氮磷钾肥对玉米生长速度及产量的影响

以登海良玉99号品种玉米为研究对象,利用L9(33)正交试验设计12种氮磷钾肥搭配比例,研究不同量的氮磷钾肥对玉米生长速度及产量的影响。经分析发现,本试验条件下最适合登海良玉99号玉米的氮磷钾肥施用量为m(尿素)∶m(P2O5)∶m(K2O)=10∶8∶5,其中氮肥对玉米生长速度及产量的影响要高于其他两种肥料。