Public Participation in Community Landscape Planning and Design: A Case Study of Public Participation in Planning of Danny Woo Community Park in Seattle

This paper, based on a case study of public participation in Danny Woo Community Park in Seattle, explored public participation in community landscape planning and design and analyzed the present situation, main forms and problems of public participation in development planning of community setting in China, so as to provide constructive reference for public participation in Chinese community planning and design that involves public interests.

Pursuit of Excellence:The Past Development and New Progress of the Human Rights Action Plans of China

Since the Vienna Declaration and programme of Action in 1993 recommended that countries formulate national human rights action plans,many countries have carried out relevant explorations.Since 2009,China has formulated four series of Human Rights Action plan of China,which is significant for promoting the development of human rights,enhancing the say in international human rights,reducing social risks and protecting individual rights.The formulation of the plan adheres to the principles of being laws and policies-based and human rights-oriented,and taking into account both the country and society.The first three series of the Action plans have undergone such evolution as upgrade of guiding principles and goals,refinement of rights content and measures,diversification of responsible subjects,increasingly reasonable framework structure,and more human rights consideration in discourse expression.The fourth series of the Action plan pays more attention to expanding public participation and the content,improving the supervision mechanism,and further promoting the formulation and implementation of the Action plan.

Exploration on Planning Methods for Rural Communities in the Local Economic and Institutional Contexts

This paper reviews the wave of rural community construction, compares the urban and rural areas on the aspects of land property right, financing channels, construction management procedures, and the user-builder difference, and examines the unique characteristics of rural communities. On the basis of that, it proposes some planning methods for the rural community planning and construction, such as encouraging public participation, conducting public facility-oriented planning, and providing house-design menu, and further puts forward some supporting measures and policies.

集体行动视角下的社区规划辨析与实践

存量空间品质提升与社会治理转型的双重时代背景对参与式社区规划提出了更高要求,但当前我国参与式的社区规划仍停留在概念层面,少数实践也多是形式上的,究其原因在于我国对参与式社区规划的基础理论研究不够,对社区规划实践的指引不强。文章从规划供给公共产品的角度着手,引入集体行动的逻辑理论来指引参与式社区规划的编制,并以此为基础对社区规划的对象、目的和手段进行辨析,最后结合武汉市武昌区老旧社区品质提升的项目实践来验证理论运用的可靠性,以期为推进参与式社区规划提供新的思路和经验借鉴。

国土空间规划的公众参与体系重构——基于沟通行动理论的演绎与分析

从公众参与的内涵出发,首先通过阐述早期的治理权力理论嬗变,指出在自下而上的权力理论中,沟通行动理论作为温和调节精英代议与全民公投的指导思想,可以为公众参与制度的构建适用。然后,通过介绍沟通行动理论所构建的认知理性、工具理性、交往理性分析范式,将其与民众多样诉求、政府行政意图、公众参与结果建立相应联系。接下来,文章对既有空间规划领域内的现行公众参与方式进行分析,明确法律赋予的公众参与权力,并研究在"五级三类"的国土空间规划体系下,各层级、各领域公众参与的特性。最后,结合沟通行动理论的达成交往理想的"对话"方法,得出国土空间规划公众参与体系基于规划层级、规划领域的纲领性重构方式。

社区行动规划方法在扬州老城保护中的应用

公众参与近年来在我国已引起越来越多的关注,但居民和社区参与的实践操作还很少。社区行动规划是发动居民参与社区规划和建设的一种方法,国际上已有较为成功的运用。德国技术合作公司(GTZ)和扬州市政府引入社区行动规划方法,鼓励居民参与历史街区的保护并改善自身的居住条件,在实践中尝试了老城保护中的公众参与方法。

基于公众参与的交互式规划评估框架

以公众参与为代表的交互行为逐渐成为衡量城乡规划合理性的表征尺度。然而,规划工作的实践者无法准确在具体实践当中评估和运用交互行为。研究基于博士论文中来自北京、天津、苏州、上海、荷兰、新加坡等共6名规划决策者和规划学者的采访数据,探讨他们在公众参与实践中的阻力。重构交互式规划的核心理论和观点,得到交互行为的四个维度(场所,时机,行为者和方式),以此建立交互式规划的评估框架。

止于至善:我国《国家人权行动计划》的发展历程及新进展

自1993年《维也纳宣言与行动纲领》建议各国制定国家人权行动计划以来,不少国家进行了相关探索。我国自2009年始,先后制定四期《国家人权行动计划》。制定国家人权行动计划的意义在于促进人权事业发展、提高国际人权话语权、降低社会风险和保护个体权利。计划的制定要坚持以法律和政策为依托、以人权需求为导向、国家与社会兼顾等原则。前三期《国家人权行动计划》经历了指导原则和目标升级、权利内容和措施细化、责任主体趋向多元、框架结构渐趋合理、话语表达愈显人权思维的演进。第四期《国家人权行动计划》更关注扩大公共参与度、拓展了行动计划内容、完善了监督机制,进一步推进了国家人权行动计划的制定和实施工作。

社区实践中的艺术生态和公众参与

2018年,四川美术学院与上海大学上海美术学院共同发起了"长江上下:公共艺术行动计划",笔者曾作为负责人带领四川美术学院的师生团队到浙江莫干山参与了该活动,并积极推动了由四川美院主办的三届"长江上下"活动,持续在重庆的乡村和社区中开展。2020年10月,第三届"长江上下:公共艺术行动计划"与"2020重庆生态艺术季"同时拉开帷幕,探讨了生态、社区和艺术三者之间的关系。本文将围绕"长江上下"活动的运作机制、艺术介入社区生态问题的创新点与亮点、公众参与社区实践的经验等问题展开深入讨论。