The construction and performance characteristics of a novel (diphenhydramine) DPH CC-sensor based on DZCE were reported in this work. The CC-membrane was prepared by incorporating of (diazacrown ether) DZCE and/or (te...The construction and performance characteristics of a novel (diphenhydramine) DPH CC-sensor based on DZCE were reported in this work. The CC-membrane was prepared by incorporating of (diazacrown ether) DZCE and/or (tetraflorophenyl borate) TFPB into a plasticized poly(vinyl chloride) membrane. The CC-sensor revealed a Nernstian behavior over a DPH-concentration range (9.1 × 10<sup>-3</sup> - 6.3 × 10<sup>-7</sup> mol ·L<sup>-1</sup>), and relatively low detection limit (1 × 10<sup>-7</sup> mol ·L<sup>-1</sup>). The potentiometric response was independent on the pH of the solution in the range of 7 - 10. The DPH-CC showed a very short response time (<5 s). It showed good selectivity towards different cations and pharmaceutical compounds. The relative selectivity coefficient was applied for evaluation of the selectivity properties of the DPH-CC. The DPH-CC was used successfully for determination of DPH in its samples. The found recovery range was 95% - 98.5%, and the standard deviation value ranged between 0.13 - 0.42. The DPH-CC facilitates the analysis of DPH directly without pretreatment and it can be built-in as a detector in chromatographic apparatus. It can be used as a tool for on-line monitoring of the drug levels.展开更多
Neutron diffraction techniques of large-volume samples at high pressure using compact opposed-anvil cells are developed at a reactor neutron source, China＇s Mianyang research reactor. We achieve a high-pressure condi...Neutron diffraction techniques of large-volume samples at high pressure using compact opposed-anvil cells are developed at a reactor neutron source, China＇s Mianyang research reactor. We achieve a high-pressure condition of in situ neutron diffraction by means of a newly designed large-volume opposed-anvil cell. This pressure calibration is based on resistance measurements of bismuth and the neutron diffraction of iron. Pressure calibration experiments are performed at room temperature for a new cell using the tungsten carbide anvils with a tapered angle of 30°, Φ4.5 mm culet diameter and the metal-nonmetal composite gasket with a thickness of 2 mm. Transitions in Bi（Ⅰ–Ⅱ 2.55 GPa, Ⅱ–V 7.7 GPa） are observed at 100 and 300 kN, respectively, by resistance measurements.The pressure measurement results of neutron diffraction are consistent with resistance measurements of bismuth.As a result, pressures up to about 7.7 GPa can routinely and stably be achieved using this apparatus, with the sample volume of 9 mm^3.展开更多
For the commercialization of perovskite solar cells(PSCs), it is more appealing to develop high-performance simplified PSCs where perovskite films are just sandwiched between the back and front electrodes, in order to...For the commercialization of perovskite solar cells(PSCs), it is more appealing to develop high-performance simplified PSCs where perovskite films are just sandwiched between the back and front electrodes, in order to simplify the fabrication process and to reduce the cost. However, to date, this kind of devices shows rather low performance, and there are few researches on this subject.Herein, we report on a kind of compact PSCs(CPSCs) that are free of independent charge transport layers(CTLs). The devices are realized by the use of organic monolayer-modified effective electrodes, along with the use of [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester(PCBM)-assisted anti-solvent technique to obtain ultra-thin(~10 nm) PCBM-embedded perovskite films. Compared to control devices, CPSCs achieve a promising champion power conversion efficiency of 19.6% with largely reduced hysteresis. Moreover, the unencapsulated CPSC shows good stability under ambient atmosphere, with only 10% efficiency loss after 60 days’ storage. This work indicates that, by delicate design, CPSCs with smaller materials consumption in device architecture can perform competitively as conventional PSCs. Further reduction in the actual usage of costly CTL materials can be expected upon our CPSCs by developing more facile and economic methods to prepare ultra-thin CTLs.展开更多
文摘The construction and performance characteristics of a novel (diphenhydramine) DPH CC-sensor based on DZCE were reported in this work. The CC-membrane was prepared by incorporating of (diazacrown ether) DZCE and/or (tetraflorophenyl borate) TFPB into a plasticized poly(vinyl chloride) membrane. The CC-sensor revealed a Nernstian behavior over a DPH-concentration range (9.1 × 10<sup>-3</sup> - 6.3 × 10<sup>-7</sup> mol ·L<sup>-1</sup>), and relatively low detection limit (1 × 10<sup>-7</sup> mol ·L<sup>-1</sup>). The potentiometric response was independent on the pH of the solution in the range of 7 - 10. The DPH-CC showed a very short response time (<5 s). It showed good selectivity towards different cations and pharmaceutical compounds. The relative selectivity coefficient was applied for evaluation of the selectivity properties of the DPH-CC. The DPH-CC was used successfully for determination of DPH in its samples. The found recovery range was 95% - 98.5%, and the standard deviation value ranged between 0.13 - 0.42. The DPH-CC facilitates the analysis of DPH directly without pretreatment and it can be built-in as a detector in chromatographic apparatus. It can be used as a tool for on-line monitoring of the drug levels.
基金Supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China under Grant No 2016YFA0401503the Science Challenge Project under Grant No TZ2016001the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No 11427810
文摘Neutron diffraction techniques of large-volume samples at high pressure using compact opposed-anvil cells are developed at a reactor neutron source, China＇s Mianyang research reactor. We achieve a high-pressure condition of in situ neutron diffraction by means of a newly designed large-volume opposed-anvil cell. This pressure calibration is based on resistance measurements of bismuth and the neutron diffraction of iron. Pressure calibration experiments are performed at room temperature for a new cell using the tungsten carbide anvils with a tapered angle of 30°, Φ4.5 mm culet diameter and the metal-nonmetal composite gasket with a thickness of 2 mm. Transitions in Bi（Ⅰ–Ⅱ 2.55 GPa, Ⅱ–V 7.7 GPa） are observed at 100 and 300 kN, respectively, by resistance measurements.The pressure measurement results of neutron diffraction are consistent with resistance measurements of bismuth.As a result, pressures up to about 7.7 GPa can routinely and stably be achieved using this apparatus, with the sample volume of 9 mm^3.
基金supported by the Guangdong High-level Personnel of Special Support Program-Outstanding young scholar in science and technology innovation(Grant No.2015TQ01C543)the National Key Research and Development Project funding from the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(Grants Nos.2016YFA0202400 and 2016YFA0202404)+3 种基金the Peacock Team Project funding from Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Committee(Grant No.KQTD2015033110182370)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51776094)the Guangdong Natural Science Funds for Distinguished Young Scholars(Grant No.2015A030306044)the Guangdong-Hong Kong joint innovation project(Grant No.2016A050503012)
文摘For the commercialization of perovskite solar cells(PSCs), it is more appealing to develop high-performance simplified PSCs where perovskite films are just sandwiched between the back and front electrodes, in order to simplify the fabrication process and to reduce the cost. However, to date, this kind of devices shows rather low performance, and there are few researches on this subject.Herein, we report on a kind of compact PSCs(CPSCs) that are free of independent charge transport layers(CTLs). The devices are realized by the use of organic monolayer-modified effective electrodes, along with the use of [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester(PCBM)-assisted anti-solvent technique to obtain ultra-thin(~10 nm) PCBM-embedded perovskite films. Compared to control devices, CPSCs achieve a promising champion power conversion efficiency of 19.6% with largely reduced hysteresis. Moreover, the unencapsulated CPSC shows good stability under ambient atmosphere, with only 10% efficiency loss after 60 days’ storage. This work indicates that, by delicate design, CPSCs with smaller materials consumption in device architecture can perform competitively as conventional PSCs. Further reduction in the actual usage of costly CTL materials can be expected upon our CPSCs by developing more facile and economic methods to prepare ultra-thin CTLs.
