Environmentally Extended Input-Output(EEIO)tables have become a powerful element in supporting information-based environmental and economic policies.National-and provincial-level 10 tables are currently published by t...Environmentally Extended Input-Output(EEIO)tables have become a powerful element in supporting information-based environmental and economic policies.National-and provincial-level 10 tables are currently published by the National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China according to well-defined conventions.However,county-level 10tables are not provided as a rule by official statistics organizations.This paper conducts an overview of compiling EEIO tables for environmental and resources accounting at the county level and then answers several questions:First,what kind of data should be prepared for the compilation of county-level EEIO tables?Second,how can we set up comprehensive EEIO tables at the county level?Third,regarding the survey methods and the indirect modeling,which one should be chosen to build EEIO tables at the county level?Finally,what policy questions could such a table answer?EEIO tables at the county level can be used to predict the economic impacts of environmental policies and to perform trend and scenario analysis.展开更多
With the rapid development of the international economy, the communication between China and western countries is becoming closer and closer. It is important and necessary for people to know the differences between Ch...With the rapid development of the international economy, the communication between China and western countries is becoming closer and closer. It is important and necessary for people to know the differences between Chinese and western table tanners, which can help to have a better understanding of the dietary culture in two cultures. Learning and applying table manners correctly can not only help to prevent gaffe, but also develop the ability of cross-culture communication and avoid cultural conflicts.展开更多
The evolving dynamics of industrial convergence among the member countries of the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership(RCEP)framework have emerged as a significant subject that merits in-depth consideration and...The evolving dynamics of industrial convergence among the member countries of the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership(RCEP)framework have emerged as a significant subject that merits in-depth consideration and analysis.This study initially employs multi-regional input-output(MRIO)data and the social network analysis(SNA)method to delineate the levels and variation trends of this industrial convergence across the RCEP member countries.It then delves into the positive effects of this convergence phenomenon on the trade and investment fields of the member countries.The research findings indicate:(a)In 2006 and 2015,before the implementation of the RCEP,the RCEP member countries displayed a relatively close industrial convergence.The convergence levels exhibited a general upward trend on both the supply and the demand sides,but there were significant disparities in the levels of industrial convergence among the member countries.Furthermore,while the convergence in the three economic sectors showed an increasing trend,the development was uneven across the board.(b)Since the implementation of the RCEP,the trade ties among the member countries within the region have strengthened significantly,and the interplay between the countries’industrial and supply chains has been characterized by high-quality collaboration and demonstrated remarkable resilience.In addition,the convergence in the investment fields of the RCEP member countries and their respective industries has unleashed a wave of positive synergies.These findings offer valuable insights that can serve as a robust foundation for formulating effective policies to advance the growth and prosperity of the RCEP region.展开更多
This paper represents an attempt to estimate the level of vertical specialization in China's manufacturing industry using China's input-output tables (1995-2005) compiled by the OECD; describe the trends of ev...This paper represents an attempt to estimate the level of vertical specialization in China's manufacturing industry using China's input-output tables (1995-2005) compiled by the OECD; describe the trends of evolution in the trade competitiveness of China's manufacturing industry using the 1995-2006 trade data of 24 Chinese industries; and examine the key factors affecting the trade competitiveness of China's manufacturing industry in accordance with the analytical framework of Hummels et al (2001). The estimation results indicate that i) the rapid increase in the vertical specialization levels of China's merchandise sectors (especially the high-tech manufacturing sector) has to some extent explained the explosive growth of China's exports (especially high-tech exports) in recent years; ii) there have been no substantive changes in China's comparative advantages. Such advantages are still attributed to the low-tech manufacturing sector. However, the comparative advantage and trade competitiveness of the high-tech manufacturing sector have been on the rise; iii) vertical specialization has signif icantly enhanced the trade competitiveness of China's manufacturing industry. Foreign market dependence, domestic intermediate input intensity and R&D intensity have an obvious promoting effect on the trade competitiveness of China's manufacturing industry.展开更多
Based on heterogeneity in firm's sales destinations and trade patterns, this paper estimates China's ratio of value-added exports(RVAE) using value-added trade accounting, and discusses the evolution of China&...Based on heterogeneity in firm's sales destinations and trade patterns, this paper estimates China's ratio of value-added exports(RVAE) using value-added trade accounting, and discusses the evolution of China's comparative advantages from the perspective of value-added trade. Our research findings suggest that without taking into account heterogeneity in firm's sales destinations and trade patterns,China's RVAE will be overestimated. Conventional gross trade accounting underestimates the export competitiveness of China's labor-intensive and capital intensive sectors, but overestimates the export competitiveness of China's technology-intensive sectors,which leads to a significant reversal of comparative advantages. Conventional gross trade accounting method overestimates the trade surplus of China's manufacturing and technology-intensive sectors with the US by about 60% and 85% respectively.展开更多
Given the statistical gaps in material flow among provinces in China, a method was introduced to estimate regional physical imports and exports （RPIE）, which includes international and interregional imports/ exports...Given the statistical gaps in material flow among provinces in China, a method was introduced to estimate regional physical imports and exports （RPIE）, which includes international and interregional imports/ exports. This method uses provincial monetary input- output tables （MIOT） and international trade statistics. A coefficient matrix representing correlations between monetary value and physical mass for years 2000-2009 was obtained based on a detailed commodity classification and 22 material production sectors in MIOT. With the coefficient matrix as reference, RPIE was measured. Pilot calculation of both regional physical trade balance and domestic material consumption, as well as a brief analysis of these methods, were conducted using 2002 data.展开更多
According to OECD standards(United Nations,2008),“productivity is commonly defined as a ratio of a volume measure of output to a volume measure of input use”.This ratio indicates how efficiently production inputs,su...According to OECD standards(United Nations,2008),“productivity is commonly defined as a ratio of a volume measure of output to a volume measure of input use”.This ratio indicates how efficiently production inputs,such as labour and capital,are being used in an economy to produce a given level of outputs.Productivity stays aside the main aggregates of national accounts,as the national income(a proxy of GDP),the total output and the circulating capital.Assume the existence of a Leontief-type national Input-Output Table with the vector of total output and the vector of intermediate inputs,situated on its right and lower border.In this paper a measure of capital productivity is proposed.It is called the productiveness,and results from the solution of a boundary value problem,elaborated for Input-Output Tables,involving the vector of total output and the vector of intermediate inputs.展开更多
The estimation of regional input-output tables is well discussed in the literature and a large variety of methods exist. In this paper we will use the concept of fundamental economic structure （FES） to estimate the ...The estimation of regional input-output tables is well discussed in the literature and a large variety of methods exist. In this paper we will use the concept of fundamental economic structure （FES） to estimate the matrix of intermediate deliveries for some ＂missing＂ region（s）. Furthermore, the estimates will be compared with the estimates obtained from ＂traditional＂ estimating techniques, including regionalization on the basis of the national table, and borrowing coefficients from similar regions. The results show FES is very helpful for compiling regional tables of China.展开更多
基金supported by the Key Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences[grant number KZZD-EW-08]the Exploratory Forefront Project for the Strategic Science Plan in IGSNRR,CAS
文摘Environmentally Extended Input-Output(EEIO)tables have become a powerful element in supporting information-based environmental and economic policies.National-and provincial-level 10 tables are currently published by the National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China according to well-defined conventions.However,county-level 10tables are not provided as a rule by official statistics organizations.This paper conducts an overview of compiling EEIO tables for environmental and resources accounting at the county level and then answers several questions:First,what kind of data should be prepared for the compilation of county-level EEIO tables?Second,how can we set up comprehensive EEIO tables at the county level?Third,regarding the survey methods and the indirect modeling,which one should be chosen to build EEIO tables at the county level?Finally,what policy questions could such a table answer?EEIO tables at the county level can be used to predict the economic impacts of environmental policies and to perform trend and scenario analysis.
文摘With the rapid development of the international economy, the communication between China and western countries is becoming closer and closer. It is important and necessary for people to know the differences between Chinese and western table tanners, which can help to have a better understanding of the dietary culture in two cultures. Learning and applying table manners correctly can not only help to prevent gaffe, but also develop the ability of cross-culture communication and avoid cultural conflicts.
基金This paper is a phased achievement of the humanities and social sciences project of the Chongqing Municipal Education Commission entitled“Research on the Integrated Development of the Digital Economy and Manufacturing Industry in Chongqing under the Development Paradigm of Dual Circulation”(Project No.:21SKGH229).
文摘The evolving dynamics of industrial convergence among the member countries of the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership(RCEP)framework have emerged as a significant subject that merits in-depth consideration and analysis.This study initially employs multi-regional input-output(MRIO)data and the social network analysis(SNA)method to delineate the levels and variation trends of this industrial convergence across the RCEP member countries.It then delves into the positive effects of this convergence phenomenon on the trade and investment fields of the member countries.The research findings indicate:(a)In 2006 and 2015,before the implementation of the RCEP,the RCEP member countries displayed a relatively close industrial convergence.The convergence levels exhibited a general upward trend on both the supply and the demand sides,but there were significant disparities in the levels of industrial convergence among the member countries.Furthermore,while the convergence in the three economic sectors showed an increasing trend,the development was uneven across the board.(b)Since the implementation of the RCEP,the trade ties among the member countries within the region have strengthened significantly,and the interplay between the countries’industrial and supply chains has been characterized by high-quality collaboration and demonstrated remarkable resilience.In addition,the convergence in the investment fields of the RCEP member countries and their respective industries has unleashed a wave of positive synergies.These findings offer valuable insights that can serve as a robust foundation for formulating effective policies to advance the growth and prosperity of the RCEP region.
基金This paper is part of ongoing research projects:"A Study of Multinational Firms and China's International Competitiveness"--a key philosophy and social science research project funded by the Ministry of Education (Grant No.:03JZD0019)"Multinational Firm Research"--a key research project of the Philosophy and Social Science Innovation Base under the "985 Project" of Nankai University (Grant No.:985TNC20070102)the youth program under the category of humanities and social sciences of Nankai University in 2007 (Grant No.:NKQ07006)
文摘This paper represents an attempt to estimate the level of vertical specialization in China's manufacturing industry using China's input-output tables (1995-2005) compiled by the OECD; describe the trends of evolution in the trade competitiveness of China's manufacturing industry using the 1995-2006 trade data of 24 Chinese industries; and examine the key factors affecting the trade competitiveness of China's manufacturing industry in accordance with the analytical framework of Hummels et al (2001). The estimation results indicate that i) the rapid increase in the vertical specialization levels of China's merchandise sectors (especially the high-tech manufacturing sector) has to some extent explained the explosive growth of China's exports (especially high-tech exports) in recent years; ii) there have been no substantive changes in China's comparative advantages. Such advantages are still attributed to the low-tech manufacturing sector. However, the comparative advantage and trade competitiveness of the high-tech manufacturing sector have been on the rise; iii) vertical specialization has signif icantly enhanced the trade competitiveness of China's manufacturing industry. Foreign market dependence, domestic intermediate input intensity and R&D intensity have an obvious promoting effect on the trade competitiveness of China's manufacturing industry.
基金supported by the Youth Program of the National Social Sciences Fund of China(NSSFC)"Study on the Real Interest Distribution Pattern of China's Trade Surplus under the New System of International Division of Labor"(Grant No.12CJY083)Basic Scientific Research Funding and Backbone Talent Support Program for Key Disciplines of Central Universities(Nankai University)"Study on Industrial Agglomeration,Financing Constraint and the Export Behaviors of Chinese Enterprises"(Grant No.NKZXA1405)the Collaborative Innovation Center for the Socialist Economy with Chinese Characteristics of Nankai University and the Center for Asian Studies,Nankai University(Grant No.AS1607)
文摘Based on heterogeneity in firm's sales destinations and trade patterns, this paper estimates China's ratio of value-added exports(RVAE) using value-added trade accounting, and discusses the evolution of China's comparative advantages from the perspective of value-added trade. Our research findings suggest that without taking into account heterogeneity in firm's sales destinations and trade patterns,China's RVAE will be overestimated. Conventional gross trade accounting underestimates the export competitiveness of China's labor-intensive and capital intensive sectors, but overestimates the export competitiveness of China's technology-intensive sectors,which leads to a significant reversal of comparative advantages. Conventional gross trade accounting method overestimates the trade surplus of China's manufacturing and technology-intensive sectors with the US by about 60% and 85% respectively.
文摘Given the statistical gaps in material flow among provinces in China, a method was introduced to estimate regional physical imports and exports （RPIE）, which includes international and interregional imports/ exports. This method uses provincial monetary input- output tables （MIOT） and international trade statistics. A coefficient matrix representing correlations between monetary value and physical mass for years 2000-2009 was obtained based on a detailed commodity classification and 22 material production sectors in MIOT. With the coefficient matrix as reference, RPIE was measured. Pilot calculation of both regional physical trade balance and domestic material consumption, as well as a brief analysis of these methods, were conducted using 2002 data.
文摘According to OECD standards(United Nations,2008),“productivity is commonly defined as a ratio of a volume measure of output to a volume measure of input use”.This ratio indicates how efficiently production inputs,such as labour and capital,are being used in an economy to produce a given level of outputs.Productivity stays aside the main aggregates of national accounts,as the national income(a proxy of GDP),the total output and the circulating capital.Assume the existence of a Leontief-type national Input-Output Table with the vector of total output and the vector of intermediate inputs,situated on its right and lower border.In this paper a measure of capital productivity is proposed.It is called the productiveness,and results from the solution of a boundary value problem,elaborated for Input-Output Tables,involving the vector of total output and the vector of intermediate inputs.
文摘The estimation of regional input-output tables is well discussed in the literature and a large variety of methods exist. In this paper we will use the concept of fundamental economic structure （FES） to estimate the matrix of intermediate deliveries for some ＂missing＂ region（s）. Furthermore, the estimates will be compared with the estimates obtained from ＂traditional＂ estimating techniques, including regionalization on the basis of the national table, and borrowing coefficients from similar regions. The results show FES is very helpful for compiling regional tables of China.
