The execution process of satellite-ground clock synchronization and ephemeris uploading in the system is analyzed,as well as their characterized operation and their relationship.Based on the analysis of the scheduling...The execution process of satellite-ground clock synchronization and ephemeris uploading in the system is analyzed,as well as their characterized operation and their relationship.Based on the analysis of the scheduling goal and constraint character,a heuristics rule-based multi-stage link scheduling algorithm was put forward.The algorithm distinguishes the on-off-frontier satellites from the others and schedules them by turns.The paper presented the main flow as well as the detailed design of the rule.Finally based on the current COMPASS global system,some typical resources and constraints are selected to generate an instance.Then the comparison analysis between the heuristics scheduling algorithm and three other traditional scheduling strategies are carried out.The result shows the validity and reasonability of the multi-stage strategy.展开更多
目的利用Compass三维验证系统对乳腺癌保乳术后调强放射治疗计划进行剂量验证,研究其影响因素并进行分类分析。方法选择乳腺癌保乳放射治疗女性患者20例,年龄45~74岁,中位年龄59岁;侧别,左侧10例,右侧10例。用Compass系统进行计划剂量验...目的利用Compass三维验证系统对乳腺癌保乳术后调强放射治疗计划进行剂量验证,研究其影响因素并进行分类分析。方法选择乳腺癌保乳放射治疗女性患者20例,年龄45~74岁,中位年龄59岁;侧别,左侧10例,右侧10例。用Compass系统进行计划剂量验证,包括独立核算验证和实测重建剂量验证;将Monaco计划系统蒙卡算法计算的剂量(MCD)、Compass卷积/超分割算法独立核算剂量(CCD)和Compass实测重建剂量(CRD)三者之间两两剂量验证结果进行两两比较(CCD-MCD、CRD-CCD、CRD-MCD),比较参数包括靶区剂量最大限值10%生成区域的γ结果及剂量体积直方图(DVH)结果。结果CRD-MCD与CRD-CCD的γ通过率和平均γ值差异均有统计学意义[(95.23±2.38)%vs(96.33±2.72)%、(94.78±2.56)%vs(95.97±2.95)%、0.41±0.04 vs 0.37±0.04、0.42±0.04 vs 0.38±0.04。P<0.05],CRD-MCD与CCD-MCD的γ通过率和平均γ值差异也均有统计学意义[(95.23±2.38)%vs(99.29±0.46)%、(94.78±2.56)%vs(99.26±0.46)%、0.41±0.04 vs 0.26±0.03、0.42±0.04 vs 0.27±0.03。P<0.05],CRD-CCD与CCD-MCD的γ通过率和平均γ值差异也均有统计学意义[(96.33±2.72)%vs(99.29±0.46)%、(95.97±2.95)%vs(99.26±0.46)%、0.37±0.04 vs 0.26±0.03、0.38±0.04 vs 0.27±0.03。P<0.05]。计划肿瘤靶区(PGTV)的D_(98%)和计划靶区(PTV)的D_(mean)、健侧乳腺的D_(mean)、V5和患侧肺的V20、V30的剂量体积相对偏差在CRD-MCD与CRD-CCD比较,差异有统计学意义[(2.01±1.27)%vs(2.60±1.05)%、(2.84±0.55)%vs(2.55±0.71)%、(-11.15±7.87)%vs(-18.29±7.91)%、(-1.45±5.45)%vs(-2.76±3.83)%、(-0.85±0.36)%vs(-0.65±0.23)%、(-0.56±0.37)%vs(-0.38±0.27)%。P<0.05]。PGTV的D98%、D_(2%)、D_(mean),PTV的D_(98%)、D_(2%)、D_(mean),心脏的D_(mean)、健侧乳腺的D_(mean)、V_(5),健侧肺的V_(5)和患侧肺的V_(5)、V_(20)、V_(30)的剂量体积相对偏差在CRD-MCD与CCD-MCD比较,差异均有统计学意义[(2.01±1.27)%vs(-0.51±0.54)%、(2.86±1.22)%vs(-0.002±0.92)%、(2.63±0.75)%vs(-0.19±0.40)%、(2.17±0.82)%vs(0.38±1.01)%、(2.81±0.95)%vs(-0.17±0.70)%、(2.84±0.55)%vs(0.29±0.43)%、(-17.39±7.79)%vs(0.87±3.30)%、(-11.15±7.87)%vs(9.27±4.87)%、(-1.45±5.45)%vs(2.01±1.30)%、(-0.24±0.80)%vs(0.01±0.04)%、(-4.60±0.87)%vs(0.27±0.59)%、(-0.85±0.36)%vs(-0.21±0.21)%、(-0.56±0.37)%vs(-0.22±1.34)%。P<0.05]。PGTV的D_(98%)、D_(2%)、D_(mean),PTV的D_(98%)、D_(2%)、D_(mean),心脏的D_(mean)、健侧乳腺的D_(mean)、V_(5),健侧肺的V_(5)和患侧肺的V5、V20、V30的剂量体积相对偏差在CRD-CCD与CCD-MCD比较,差异均有统计学意义[(2.60±1.05)%vs(-0.51±0.54)%、(2.88±1.12)%vs(-0.002±0.92)%、(2.83±0.68)%vs(-0.19±0.40)%、(1.81±0.90)%vs(0.38±1.01)%、(2.87±0.82)%vs(-0.17±0.70)%、(2.55±0.71)%vs(0.29±0.43)%、(-18.10±7.40)%vs(0.87±3.30)%、(-18.29±7.91)%vs(9.27±4.81)%、(-2.76±3.83)%vs(2.01±1.30)%、(-0.25±0.81)%vs(0.01±0.04)%、(-4.90±1.03)%vs(0.27±0.59)%、(-0.65±0.23)%vs(-0.21±0.21)%、(0.38±0.27)%vs(-0.22±1.34)%。P<0.05]。结论不同算法在高剂量区、低剂量区和肺等组织密度比较大或者含空腔的组织中计算精度偏差更加显著;机器的稳定性状态对剂量差异亦有影响。展开更多
Initial alignment is the precondition for strapdown inertial navigation system(SINS)to navigate.Its two important indexes are accuracy and rapidity,the accuracy of the initial alignment is directly related to the work...Initial alignment is the precondition for strapdown inertial navigation system(SINS)to navigate.Its two important indexes are accuracy and rapidity,the accuracy of the initial alignment is directly related to the working accuracy of SINS,but in self-alignment,the two indexes are often contradictory.In view of the limitations of conventional data processing algorithms,a novel method of compass alignment based on stored data and repeated navigation calculation for SINS is proposed.By means of data storage,the same data is used in different stages of the initial alignment,which is beneficial to shorten the initial alignment time and improve the alignment accuracy.In order to verify the correctness of the compass algorithm based on stored data and repeated navigation calculation,the simulation experiment was done.In summary,when the computer performance is sufficiently high,the compass alignment method based on the stored data and the forward and reverse navigation calculation can effectively improve the alignment speed and improve the alignment accuracy.展开更多
Beamforming in stand-alone Millimeter-Wave(mmWave)communications results in prolonged access times and latencies due to the increased number of measurements required to determine the optimal beam directions at the Mob...Beamforming in stand-alone Millimeter-Wave(mmWave)communications results in prolonged access times and latencies due to the increased number of measurements required to determine the optimal beam directions at the Mobile Station(MS)and Base Station(BS),returning the highest received signal level.Therefore,dynamic and fast access schemes that meet the Third-Generation Partnership Project(3GPP)specifications are required here.Therefore,in this paper,a novel initial access scheme is proposed for multiple MS users by leveraging for the first time a digital compass in the access procedure.Namely,when a new MS joins the footprint of a BS,it probes the channel for beacon signaling about the BS direction,i.e.,broadcasted by a neighboring MS that completed beam association at previous time steps.Then,a digital compass is utilized to adjust the coordinates of the BS according to the location of the new MS.The proposed scheme is applied for a single and multi-user settings at various broadcasting approaches.This includes a single associated MS user that broadcasts information to a single incoming MS user,a single user that broadcasts signals to multiple incoming users,or all multiple associated users broadcast to multiple incoming users.Overall,the proposed schemes yield in notable efficiency in terms of the computational complexity,access times,power and energy consumption as compared to existing access schemes.Further,high success rates are achieved at the detriment of relatively higher cost.展开更多
Introduction: Nurses’ constant exposure to severe human suffering within constrained health care environments places them at risk for developing Secondary Traumatic Stress and Burnout. The current study therefore sou...Introduction: Nurses’ constant exposure to severe human suffering within constrained health care environments places them at risk for developing Secondary Traumatic Stress and Burnout. The current study therefore sought to establish the prevalence and social demographic factors associated with Secondary Traumatic Stress, Burnout and Compassion Satisfaction among Nurses working at selected Teaching Hospitals in Lusaka, Zambia. Methods: A correlational design employing a self-administered questionnaire adapted from version five of the Professional Quality of Life scale was used to collect data from 250 nurses drawn using proportional stratified sampling method. The resulting data were analyzed using version 23 of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Hierarchical multiple linear regression analysis was used to identify predictors of Secondary Traumatic Stress and Burnout. Findings: Whilst the majority of respondents reported average levels of Secondary Traumatic Stress and Burnout, about a quarter reported high Secondary Traumatic Stress and Burnout scores at 23% and 26% respectively. Only 81 (32.4%) scored high on Compassion Satisfaction. Social demographic factors including;working in the main Intensive Care Unit, and being married accounted for the greatest variance in Secondary Traumatic Stress (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.237, p Conclusion: Findings of the current study signify a need to institute measures to help nurses cope with the deleterious psychological effects of constant engagement with those in distress and to foster Compassion Satisfaction.展开更多
Objective:Nurses,due to the nature of their job,are subjected to various forms of stress and physical and psychological injuries.Self-compassion and a sense of coherence have attracted much attention in research in re...Objective:Nurses,due to the nature of their job,are subjected to various forms of stress and physical and psychological injuries.Self-compassion and a sense of coherence have attracted much attention in research in recent years as having high potential for improving the health and performance of people in the workplace.The present study aimed to compare self-compassion and the sense of coherence in nurses working in psychiatric hospitals and other hospitals of Kerman University of Medical Sciences.Methods:The present study was a descriptive-comparative study of applied type conducted on 100 nurses of Shahid Beheshti Psychiatric Hospital in Kerman by the census method and 100 nurses of other hospitals of Kerman University of Medical Sciences by the stratified random sampling method.The instruments included the self-compassion questionnaire and the sense of coherence questionnaire.Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences software.Results:The results of the present study showed that self-compassion and sense of coherence were higher in psychiatric nurses(39.35±7.7 and 53.02±8.01)than among other nurses(36.03±5.81 and 49.76±6.30).There was a direct and moderate relationship between a sense of coherence and self-compassion(P-value<0.005).The higher the score of compassion for oneself,the higher was the score of sense of coherence.Furthermore,the sense of coherence had a direct and weak relationship with all dimensions of self-compassion,except for the extreme imitation dimension,which showed a direct and moderate relationship to other dimensions(P-value<0.001).Conclusions:Self-compassion and a sense of coherence,as a form of self-communication,increase nurses’satisfaction and reduce nurses’job stress and,as a result,job performance is improved.展开更多
Objective:This study evaluates the reliability of smartphone compass software in measuring the cervical range of motion in healthy people.Methods:We selected 40 healthy intern college students from Tianjin Hospital fr...Objective:This study evaluates the reliability of smartphone compass software in measuring the cervical range of motion in healthy people.Methods:We selected 40 healthy intern college students from Tianjin Hospital from June to August 2022 to participate in this study.Two physiotherapists used a smartphone(iPhone 11256 Gb(model A2223))compass software to measure six directions of motion of the cervical spine in 40 subjects in a total of 3 rounds each.The intraclass correlation coefficient was used to compare the reliability intra-group,and the Pearson correlation coefficient was also used to compare the correlation between groups,with P<0.05 being statistically significant.Results:The intraclass correlation coefficient showed good reliability(>0.5)in cervical range of motion(CROM),especially in cervical flexion and right rotation(>0.9).In the correlation comparison between the two groups,the Spearman comparison was used,and the six directions of the cervical spine were significantly correlated(P<0.05).Conclusion:The built-in compass software in smartphones has good reliability in measuring CROM in healthy people.展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundations of China(Nos.71201171,71501179)
文摘The execution process of satellite-ground clock synchronization and ephemeris uploading in the system is analyzed,as well as their characterized operation and their relationship.Based on the analysis of the scheduling goal and constraint character,a heuristics rule-based multi-stage link scheduling algorithm was put forward.The algorithm distinguishes the on-off-frontier satellites from the others and schedules them by turns.The paper presented the main flow as well as the detailed design of the rule.Finally based on the current COMPASS global system,some typical resources and constraints are selected to generate an instance.Then the comparison analysis between the heuristics scheduling algorithm and three other traditional scheduling strategies are carried out.The result shows the validity and reasonability of the multi-stage strategy.
文摘目的利用Compass三维验证系统对乳腺癌保乳术后调强放射治疗计划进行剂量验证,研究其影响因素并进行分类分析。方法选择乳腺癌保乳放射治疗女性患者20例,年龄45~74岁,中位年龄59岁;侧别,左侧10例,右侧10例。用Compass系统进行计划剂量验证,包括独立核算验证和实测重建剂量验证;将Monaco计划系统蒙卡算法计算的剂量(MCD)、Compass卷积/超分割算法独立核算剂量(CCD)和Compass实测重建剂量(CRD)三者之间两两剂量验证结果进行两两比较(CCD-MCD、CRD-CCD、CRD-MCD),比较参数包括靶区剂量最大限值10%生成区域的γ结果及剂量体积直方图(DVH)结果。结果CRD-MCD与CRD-CCD的γ通过率和平均γ值差异均有统计学意义[(95.23±2.38)%vs(96.33±2.72)%、(94.78±2.56)%vs(95.97±2.95)%、0.41±0.04 vs 0.37±0.04、0.42±0.04 vs 0.38±0.04。P<0.05],CRD-MCD与CCD-MCD的γ通过率和平均γ值差异也均有统计学意义[(95.23±2.38)%vs(99.29±0.46)%、(94.78±2.56)%vs(99.26±0.46)%、0.41±0.04 vs 0.26±0.03、0.42±0.04 vs 0.27±0.03。P<0.05],CRD-CCD与CCD-MCD的γ通过率和平均γ值差异也均有统计学意义[(96.33±2.72)%vs(99.29±0.46)%、(95.97±2.95)%vs(99.26±0.46)%、0.37±0.04 vs 0.26±0.03、0.38±0.04 vs 0.27±0.03。P<0.05]。计划肿瘤靶区(PGTV)的D_(98%)和计划靶区(PTV)的D_(mean)、健侧乳腺的D_(mean)、V5和患侧肺的V20、V30的剂量体积相对偏差在CRD-MCD与CRD-CCD比较,差异有统计学意义[(2.01±1.27)%vs(2.60±1.05)%、(2.84±0.55)%vs(2.55±0.71)%、(-11.15±7.87)%vs(-18.29±7.91)%、(-1.45±5.45)%vs(-2.76±3.83)%、(-0.85±0.36)%vs(-0.65±0.23)%、(-0.56±0.37)%vs(-0.38±0.27)%。P<0.05]。PGTV的D98%、D_(2%)、D_(mean),PTV的D_(98%)、D_(2%)、D_(mean),心脏的D_(mean)、健侧乳腺的D_(mean)、V_(5),健侧肺的V_(5)和患侧肺的V_(5)、V_(20)、V_(30)的剂量体积相对偏差在CRD-MCD与CCD-MCD比较,差异均有统计学意义[(2.01±1.27)%vs(-0.51±0.54)%、(2.86±1.22)%vs(-0.002±0.92)%、(2.63±0.75)%vs(-0.19±0.40)%、(2.17±0.82)%vs(0.38±1.01)%、(2.81±0.95)%vs(-0.17±0.70)%、(2.84±0.55)%vs(0.29±0.43)%、(-17.39±7.79)%vs(0.87±3.30)%、(-11.15±7.87)%vs(9.27±4.87)%、(-1.45±5.45)%vs(2.01±1.30)%、(-0.24±0.80)%vs(0.01±0.04)%、(-4.60±0.87)%vs(0.27±0.59)%、(-0.85±0.36)%vs(-0.21±0.21)%、(-0.56±0.37)%vs(-0.22±1.34)%。P<0.05]。PGTV的D_(98%)、D_(2%)、D_(mean),PTV的D_(98%)、D_(2%)、D_(mean),心脏的D_(mean)、健侧乳腺的D_(mean)、V_(5),健侧肺的V_(5)和患侧肺的V5、V20、V30的剂量体积相对偏差在CRD-CCD与CCD-MCD比较,差异均有统计学意义[(2.60±1.05)%vs(-0.51±0.54)%、(2.88±1.12)%vs(-0.002±0.92)%、(2.83±0.68)%vs(-0.19±0.40)%、(1.81±0.90)%vs(0.38±1.01)%、(2.87±0.82)%vs(-0.17±0.70)%、(2.55±0.71)%vs(0.29±0.43)%、(-18.10±7.40)%vs(0.87±3.30)%、(-18.29±7.91)%vs(9.27±4.81)%、(-2.76±3.83)%vs(2.01±1.30)%、(-0.25±0.81)%vs(0.01±0.04)%、(-4.90±1.03)%vs(0.27±0.59)%、(-0.65±0.23)%vs(-0.21±0.21)%、(0.38±0.27)%vs(-0.22±1.34)%。P<0.05]。结论不同算法在高剂量区、低剂量区和肺等组织密度比较大或者含空腔的组织中计算精度偏差更加显著;机器的稳定性状态对剂量差异亦有影响。
基金This work was supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China(Grant No.5200110367)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(Grant No.SBK2020043219)+1 种基金Scientific Research Foundation of the Higher Education Institutions of Jiangsu Province(Grant No.19KJB510052)NUPTSF(Grant No.NY219023).
文摘Initial alignment is the precondition for strapdown inertial navigation system(SINS)to navigate.Its two important indexes are accuracy and rapidity,the accuracy of the initial alignment is directly related to the working accuracy of SINS,but in self-alignment,the two indexes are often contradictory.In view of the limitations of conventional data processing algorithms,a novel method of compass alignment based on stored data and repeated navigation calculation for SINS is proposed.By means of data storage,the same data is used in different stages of the initial alignment,which is beneficial to shorten the initial alignment time and improve the alignment accuracy.In order to verify the correctness of the compass algorithm based on stored data and repeated navigation calculation,the simulation experiment was done.In summary,when the computer performance is sufficiently high,the compass alignment method based on the stored data and the forward and reverse navigation calculation can effectively improve the alignment speed and improve the alignment accuracy.
基金funded by the Deanship of Scientific Research at King Faisal University,grant number 1811025.
文摘Beamforming in stand-alone Millimeter-Wave(mmWave)communications results in prolonged access times and latencies due to the increased number of measurements required to determine the optimal beam directions at the Mobile Station(MS)and Base Station(BS),returning the highest received signal level.Therefore,dynamic and fast access schemes that meet the Third-Generation Partnership Project(3GPP)specifications are required here.Therefore,in this paper,a novel initial access scheme is proposed for multiple MS users by leveraging for the first time a digital compass in the access procedure.Namely,when a new MS joins the footprint of a BS,it probes the channel for beacon signaling about the BS direction,i.e.,broadcasted by a neighboring MS that completed beam association at previous time steps.Then,a digital compass is utilized to adjust the coordinates of the BS according to the location of the new MS.The proposed scheme is applied for a single and multi-user settings at various broadcasting approaches.This includes a single associated MS user that broadcasts information to a single incoming MS user,a single user that broadcasts signals to multiple incoming users,or all multiple associated users broadcast to multiple incoming users.Overall,the proposed schemes yield in notable efficiency in terms of the computational complexity,access times,power and energy consumption as compared to existing access schemes.Further,high success rates are achieved at the detriment of relatively higher cost.
文摘Introduction: Nurses’ constant exposure to severe human suffering within constrained health care environments places them at risk for developing Secondary Traumatic Stress and Burnout. The current study therefore sought to establish the prevalence and social demographic factors associated with Secondary Traumatic Stress, Burnout and Compassion Satisfaction among Nurses working at selected Teaching Hospitals in Lusaka, Zambia. Methods: A correlational design employing a self-administered questionnaire adapted from version five of the Professional Quality of Life scale was used to collect data from 250 nurses drawn using proportional stratified sampling method. The resulting data were analyzed using version 23 of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Hierarchical multiple linear regression analysis was used to identify predictors of Secondary Traumatic Stress and Burnout. Findings: Whilst the majority of respondents reported average levels of Secondary Traumatic Stress and Burnout, about a quarter reported high Secondary Traumatic Stress and Burnout scores at 23% and 26% respectively. Only 81 (32.4%) scored high on Compassion Satisfaction. Social demographic factors including;working in the main Intensive Care Unit, and being married accounted for the greatest variance in Secondary Traumatic Stress (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.237, p Conclusion: Findings of the current study signify a need to institute measures to help nurses cope with the deleterious psychological effects of constant engagement with those in distress and to foster Compassion Satisfaction.
文摘Objective:Nurses,due to the nature of their job,are subjected to various forms of stress and physical and psychological injuries.Self-compassion and a sense of coherence have attracted much attention in research in recent years as having high potential for improving the health and performance of people in the workplace.The present study aimed to compare self-compassion and the sense of coherence in nurses working in psychiatric hospitals and other hospitals of Kerman University of Medical Sciences.Methods:The present study was a descriptive-comparative study of applied type conducted on 100 nurses of Shahid Beheshti Psychiatric Hospital in Kerman by the census method and 100 nurses of other hospitals of Kerman University of Medical Sciences by the stratified random sampling method.The instruments included the self-compassion questionnaire and the sense of coherence questionnaire.Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences software.Results:The results of the present study showed that self-compassion and sense of coherence were higher in psychiatric nurses(39.35±7.7 and 53.02±8.01)than among other nurses(36.03±5.81 and 49.76±6.30).There was a direct and moderate relationship between a sense of coherence and self-compassion(P-value<0.005).The higher the score of compassion for oneself,the higher was the score of sense of coherence.Furthermore,the sense of coherence had a direct and weak relationship with all dimensions of self-compassion,except for the extreme imitation dimension,which showed a direct and moderate relationship to other dimensions(P-value<0.001).Conclusions:Self-compassion and a sense of coherence,as a form of self-communication,increase nurses’satisfaction and reduce nurses’job stress and,as a result,job performance is improved.
文摘Objective:This study evaluates the reliability of smartphone compass software in measuring the cervical range of motion in healthy people.Methods:We selected 40 healthy intern college students from Tianjin Hospital from June to August 2022 to participate in this study.Two physiotherapists used a smartphone(iPhone 11256 Gb(model A2223))compass software to measure six directions of motion of the cervical spine in 40 subjects in a total of 3 rounds each.The intraclass correlation coefficient was used to compare the reliability intra-group,and the Pearson correlation coefficient was also used to compare the correlation between groups,with P<0.05 being statistically significant.Results:The intraclass correlation coefficient showed good reliability(>0.5)in cervical range of motion(CROM),especially in cervical flexion and right rotation(>0.9).In the correlation comparison between the two groups,the Spearman comparison was used,and the six directions of the cervical spine were significantly correlated(P<0.05).Conclusion:The built-in compass software in smartphones has good reliability in measuring CROM in healthy people.
