Compatibility Rules of Prescriptions of Tibetan Medicine Polygonatum cirrhifolium Based on Data Mining

[Objectives]To study the prescription compatibility rules of the Tibetan medicine Polygonatum cirrhifolium(Polygonati Rhizoma,Huangjing)based on data mining,so as to provide data support for clinical application and new drug development.[Methods]Prescriptions containing Tibetan medicine Huangjing were collected from Tibetan Medicine Prescriptions Encyclopedia and Tibetan Medicine Classic Literature Collection.The Traditional Chinese Medicine Inheritance Computing System(TCMICS 3.0)and R version 4.1.3 were used to mine and analyze the compatibility rules of prescriptions containing Tibetan medicinal material Huangjing,the rules of medication for high-frequency diseases,and the association rules of various medicinal materials.[Results]A total of 124 prescriptions were collected from the classic literature of Tibetan medicine,and the frequency statistical analysis showed that drugs compatible with Huangjing(≥15)included Tianmendong(Root of Cochinchinese Asparagus)(80),Mirabilis himalaica(Edgew.)Heimerl(Himalayan purple jasmine)(72),Jili(Tribuli Fructus)(70),Tibetan Aoruqin(Vicatia coniifolia)(58),Baidoukou(Round Cardamom Fruit)(47),Hezi(Chebulae Fructus)(45),Shouzhangshen(Rhizome of Conic Gymnadenia)(28),Yuganzi(Phyllanthi Fructus)(26),Pomegranate(25),Maohezi(Terminaliae Belliricae Fructus)(24),Zicaorong(Lacca)(23),Rougui(Cinnamomi Cortex)(15).The main diseases were yellow water disease(20),gynecological diseases(19),kidney cold disease(17),and other Tibetan medicine diseases.Association rule analysis showed that the drug combinations with the highest frequency were Huangjing—Tianmendong,Huangjing—Himalayan purple jasmine,and Huangjing—Jili.[Conclusions]The frequency of combined use of Tibetan medicine Huangjing with dry yellow water,tonifying kidney and diuresis,nourishing health,and treating gynecological diseases is relatively high.

Compatibility Rules of Prescriptions of Tibetan Medicinal Material Mirabilis himalaica(Edgew.)Heimerl Based on Data Mining

[Objectives]To study the prescription compatibility rules of the Tibetan medicinal material Mirabilis himalaica(Edgew.)Heimerl(Himalayan purple jasmine)based on data mining,and to provide reference for clinical application and new drug development.[Methods]The literature data were collected and the prescriptions containing Himalayan purple jasmine were sorted and classified by Microsoft Excel 2019 software.The Traditional Chinese Medicine Inheritance Computing System(TCMICS 3.0)was used to statistically analyze the high-frequency drugs and core drug combinations,the frequency of disease treatment,and the rules of"tastes transforming flavors"of drugs.The FP-tree algorithm was used to analyze the association rules among various Tibetan medicinal materials in the prescriptions,and different supports were set to analyze the compatibility rules of the prescriptions.[Results]There were a total of 129 prescriptions containing Himalayan purple jasmine,297 medicinal materials used in combination with it,and 34 Tibetan medicinal materials with a frequency of≥15.The medicinal flavors were mostly sweet,bitter,and pungent.Among the three flavors,bitterness and sweetness were the majority.At the same time,the medicinal properties were blunt,soft,cool,and warm.A total of 130 kinds of diseases were involved,among which 8 kinds of diseases such as gynecology,kidney cold and yellow water disease had a high frequency.Through association rule analysis,33 commonly used core drug combinations were obtained.The support,confidence,and frequency of the five drug combinations[Jili(Tribuli Fructus),Huangjing(Polygonati Rhizoma),Tianmendong(Root of Cochinchinese Asparagus),and Tibetan Aoruqin(Vicatia coniifolia)]→Himalayan purple jasmine were the basic prescription of Tibetan medicine Wudagen Powder.The drug combinations with higher confidence included Bibo(Piperis Longi Fructus)→Himalayan purple jasmine,Pomegranate(Punica granatum→Himalayan purple jasmine,Baidoukou(Round Cardamom Fruit)→Himalayan purple jasmine,Hezi(Chebulae Fructus)→Himalayan purple jasmine.Jili(Tribuli Fructus)→Himalayan purple jasmine,Huangjing(Polygonati Rhizoma)→Himalayan purple jasmine and Tianmendong(Root of Cochinchinese Asparagus)→Himalayan purple jasmine had highest frequency.[Conclusions]Through the TCMICS,this paper analyzed the compatibility rules of commonly used drugs containing Himalayan purple jasmine and the characteristics of the main diseases.It can be seen that Himalayan purple jasmine is sweet in taste and warm in nature.It assists sovereign drugs in the form of ministerial drugs,which enhances the effect of regulating"long"and nourishing,and plays the role of regulating"long",dispelling cold,and reconciling various drugs,which embodies the compatibility rules of sovereign and ministerial drugs of Tibetan medicines.The main diseases of Himalayan purple jasmine are related to"long"regulation,and it is mostly used in the treatment of gynecological diseases after being combined with other drugs to form a prescription.Most drugs in the prescriptions are sweet,which is the therapeutic principle of regulating"long"and nourishing,and verifies the scientific and rational principle of clinical use of Tibetan medicine.In the prescription,the medicinal properties include both warm and cool,and the medicinal taste is sweet and bitter,which is in line with the compatibility theory of"tastes transforming flavors"in traditional Tibetan medicine prescriptions.

Mining Compatibility Rules from Irregular Chinese Traditional Medicine Database by Apriori Agorithm

This paper aims to mine the knowledge and rules on compatibility of drugs from the prescriptions for curing arrhythmia in the Chinese traditional medicine database by Apriori algorithm. For data preparation, 1 113 prescriptions for arrhythmia, including 535 herbs （ totally 10884 counts of herbs） were collected into the database. The prescription data were preprocessed through redundancy reduction, normalized storage, and knowledge induction according to the pretreatment demands of data mining. Then the Apriori algorithm was used to analyze the data and form the related technical rules and treatment procedures. The experimental result of compatibility of drugs for curing arrhythmia from the Chinese traditional medicine database shows that the prescription compatibility obtained by Apriori algorithm generally accords with the basic law of traditional Chinese medicine for arrhythmia. Some special compatibilities unreported were also discovered in the experiment, which may be used as the basis for developing new prescriptions for arrhythmia.

Analysis on the compatibility rules and mechanism of formulae treatment for COVID-2019 based on the TCM inheritance assistance system and network pharmacology

Background:On December 8,2019,Wuhan City,Hubei Province,a new type of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-2019)was firstly discovered,and COVID-2019 spread rapidly in China.The number of confirmed cases in various provinces and cities rose sharply in China.In clinical treatment,Chinese medicine treatment showed significant efficacy.Since the outbreak,the National Health Commission(NHS)of China has issued seven editions of the“Pneumonitis Diagnosis and Treatment Program for COVID-2019”,at the same time,most provincial health boards and the Chinese Medicine Administration had also released information on the prevention and control scheme of COVID-2019 by Chinese medicine.The purpose of this study is to explore the compatibility rules of the main drugs in the prescription and the potential mechanism on COVID-2019 pneumonia,in order to provide reference for clinical research and new drug development of COVID-2019.Methods:This article uses the TCM inheritance assistance system and network pharmacology BATMAN-TCM online analysis system to collect and summarize the national“Pneumonitis Diagnosis and Treatment Program for COVID-2019(trial version sixth)”and formulae for adult treatment from the TCM prevention program of 23 provinces and cities.Results:We found that the most formulae for the treatment of COVID-2019 were modified on the basis of Maxing Shigan decoction and the top 5 high-frequencyn drugs are Xingren(Armeniacae semen amarum),Mahuang(Ephedrae herba),Gancao(Glycyrrhizae radix et rhizoma),Shigao(Gypsum fibrosum),and Haungqin(Radix scutellariae).High frequency traditional Chinese medicines are mainly used for relieving the symptoms,clearing away heat,eliminating dampness,resolving phlegm,relieving cough and asthma,promoting water and dampness,and tonifying deficiency.Warm medicine and bitter medicine are the most frequently used drugs in four Qi attribute and five flavor attribute,respectively.Most of drugs are belong to lung,stomach and spleen channel.Mahuang(Ephedrae herba),Xingren(Armeniacae semen amarum),Gancao(Glycyrrhizae radix et rhizoma),Shigao(Gypsum fibrosum),Cangzhu(Atractylodis rhizama)and Huoxiang(Pogostemonis herba)are the core drugs for treating COVID-2019.The TTD disease enrichment,target and signal transduction pathways of the six drugs showed that pneumonia and asthma were most closely related to COVID-2019.And the inflammatory reaction-related pathways may be the main pathways through which these drugs function.Conclusions:The modified Maxing Shigan decoction is the main prescription for the treatment of COVID-2019.The Xingren(Armeniacae semen amarum),Gancao(Glycyrrhizae radix et rhizoma),Shigao(Gypsum fibrosum),Cangzhu(Atractylodis rhizama)and Huoxiang(Pogostemonis herba)have certain theoretical and experimental basis for the treatment of COVID-2019 through network pharmacology analysis,but further experiments are needed to verify the effects.

Analysis of compatibility rules and mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine for preventing and treating postoperative recurrence of bladder cancer

Backgroud:Summarize the formula rule of traditional Chinese medicine fOr preventing and treating bladder cancer recurrence after operation and explore the molecular mechanism of core medicines.Methods:Literatures collected from CNKI,Wanfang Med Online,CMJD,PUBMED and Elsiver databases were as prescription sources,and association rules and complex system entropy clustering analysis were carried out using the Traditional Chinese Medicine Inheritance Support System(TCMISSV2.5).BATMAN-TCM online analysis tool was used to construct target-pathway-disease correlation map to reveal the potential mechanism of action.Results:A total of 122 prescriptions were eligible for data analysis.The high-frequency traditional Chinese medicines are Poria,Radix et Rhizoma Rhei,Radix Astragali,Herba Hedyotidis Diffusae and Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae.The high-frequency drug pairs are Rhizoma Atractylodis MacrocephalaeIPoria,Poria/Rhizoma Alismatis,Radix Astragali/Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalaeand and Herba Hedyotidis Diffusae/Herba Scutellariae Darbatae..There are 5 groups of drug pairs with high correlation strength.Cluster analysis shows 6 core drug combinations and 3 new prescriptions.In clinical practice,the core compatibility of traditional Chinese medicines for preventing postoperative recurrence of bladder cancer is Poria,Radix Astragali and Herba Hedyotidis Diffusae.The possible signaling pathways are the neuroactive ligand receptor interaction signaling pathway and calcium signaling pathway.Conclusion:Prevention and treatment of postoperative recurrence of bladder cancer mainly use medicines with effects of eliminating dampness and diuresis for removing edema,heat-clearing and detoxifying,and qi-invigorating.The potential mechanism of the compatibility of core drugs may be realized by interfering with the signal pathway of neuroactive ligand receptor interaction and calcium signal pathway.

Compatibility mechanism of Chinese medicine formula:state of the art and perspectives

Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)has been practiced in China and surrounding countries for thousands of years and has gradually attracted the attention of Western countries.After reasonable compatibility,TCMs could play the key role of enhancing efficacy and reducing toxicity,which has significant therapeutic advantages in the treatment of complex diseases in clinical practice.While the TCM compatibility is not the simple addition of drugs.Under the appropriate dosage ratio,multiple TCMs can play a synergistic role to realize the overall regulation of TCM treatment.Therefore,it is of critical essential to study the compatibility of TCM formula to promote TCM modernization,new drug development and clinical application.Recently,under the guidance of TCM theory,many researches on the composition,pharmacodynamic activity and pharmacokinetic properties of TCM formula have emerged by integrating new technologies and new methods,revealing the scientific connotation of the compatibility of TCM formula from different perspectives and levels.This paper introduces the research progress of compatibility rules from different levels of compatibility,compatibility for synergistic enhancement and detoxification,and application of cutting-edge technology,with representative cases,in order to provide ideas and references for further study on TCM compatibility.

Association analysis datamining the compatibility regulations of Li Dong Yuan's formula of spleen and stomach

Analyzing systemically more than 550 Li Dong Y uan’s formula of spleen and stomach by using the association rule to mine the in formation relativity between formula, herbal medicine and syndrome.From this we can study better the compatibility regulations of the

运用WD-Get Rules算法对治疗肾虚方剂用药规律的挖掘分析

目的:探讨治疗肾虚方剂中高频应用的中药和药性特点及其在治疗肾虚方剂中的配伍规律,为中医治疗肾虚提供有益参考。方法:利用"中国中医药检索系统""中国知网""药智数据"三个数据库收集治疗肾虚的方剂建立数据库,采用Excel统计方剂主要来源,药物频次及核心药对,再通过Matlab进行仿真,运用融合宽度挖掘和深度挖掘的关联规则算法(WD-Get Rules)对该数据库进行数据挖掘,设定置信度≥0.5,支持度≥0.1。结果:数据库中的192首方剂全部来源于《圣济总录》和《普济方》等88本医药书籍;方剂中涉及中药共343味,其中用药频次≥3次的中药有123味;性味多以"温""平""寒""甘""辛"为主,归经以归"肾""脾"经居多;用药频次≥20次的药对共有28对;挖掘出方剂中的强关联规则共15条。结论:茯苓、熟地黄、山药、杜仲等是治疗肾虚的常用中药,其中茯苓因具有平补阴阳兼能健脾渗湿之功效,故能与多个中药形成核心药对。中药之间通过配伍从滋肾阴、温肾阳、补肾气、益肾精、脾肾同治、滋阴助阳和活血补肾等多个角度发挥治疗肾虚的作用。

治疗病毒性肺炎的古方配伍特征分析研究

目的利用关联规则算法,探索治疗病毒性肺炎古方中的单味药频次及药物之间配伍特征。方法利用中国中医科学院中医药信息研究所“中医古方数据库”,检索治疗病毒性肺炎相关古方,得到985首方剂,去除与本次检索目的无关方剂,最终纳入749首方剂进行分析。采用Excel 2016建立数据表,并对单味药进行统计、药物配伍、关联规则分析及聚类分析。筛选时间为建库至2023年10月。结果收集方剂中共涉及290味药,筛选出在治疗病毒性肺炎古方中出现频次≥50次的药物,共有43味药,对其中高频单味药进行统计得出:⑴从药性角度分析,温性药18味、出现1773次,寒性药16味、出现1226次,各占药性频次总数的43.33%和29.96%;⑵从药味角度分析,辛味药18味、出现2268次,苦味药22味、出现2013次,甘味药17味、出现1681次,各占药味频次总数的35.55%、31.55%和26.35%;⑶从归经角度分析,归肺经药26味、出现2501次,归脾经药23味、出现2447次,归胃经药18味、出现1587次,归心经药14味、出现1324次,各占归经频次总数的21.45%、20.99%、13.61%和11.36%;⑷从功效角度分析,解表药12味、出现2501次,补虚药7味、出现827次,清热药9味、出现662次,各占功效频次总数的27.59%、20.21%和16.18%。治疗病毒性肺炎古方中药物关联规则结果显示,重要性高的3个药物组合分别为“苦杏仁、石膏、麻黄”“金银花、甘草、连翘”“草果、藿香、厚朴”。结论治疗病毒性肺炎古方中,药物多偏于温辛、寒苦、寒甘等,入肺、脾、胃经,以清热解毒、宣肺透邪为基本治则。

基于《中医方剂大辞典》的雷丸组方用药规律分析

目的 基于数据挖掘方法探究《中医方剂大辞典》中雷丸的组方用药规律。方法 以《中医方剂大辞典》为信息源,梳理含雷丸的方剂,构建雷丸方药数据库;采用文献分析和数据挖掘方法,探讨雷丸的增效减毒及其方剂主治病症类型、药物配伍情况;利用关联规则分析探寻其在常见病中的配伍特点;使用皮尔逊相关性分析发掘药-证的相关性,总结其用药规律。结果 含有雷丸方剂的剂型主要为丸剂和散剂,高频用药为槟榔、大黄、木香等,与雷丸配伍的主要为驱虫药、泻下药及理气药等,且味多为苦、辛,归胃经、脾经。其中“槟榔-雷丸”出现的药对配伍频数最高,其次是“大黄-雷丸”“木香-雷丸”;雷丸方剂的主治病症为虫积的频数最高,其次为疳证、积滞等。皮尔逊相关性分析结果表明,治疗虫积配伍槟榔、木香、使君子、芜荑、鹤虱等;治疗疳证配伍胡黄连、黄连、青皮等;治疗积滞配伍神曲、陈皮、牵牛子、三棱等。结论 雷丸与槟榔等配伍可加强杀虫消积的功效;与胡黄连、大黄等配伍可增加泻下攻积的作用,以上可能会引起轻微的胃肠道不良反应;与陈皮、神曲等配伍可保护胃黏膜,减轻胃肠不良反应。但雷丸毒性物质基础研究等未见报道,仍需深入研究,为雷丸临床应用提供更确切的基础。

关于腹泻型肠易激综合征中药配伍规律研究

目的:探讨现代医家治疗腹泻型肠易激综合征的用药特色。方法:从中国医院知识总库、万方、维普等数据库提取已发表的关于现代医家治疗腹泻型肠易激合征的典型病案,提取方药信息,建立Excel数据库,进行频数、性味、归经的归纳整理,应用IBM SPSS Modeler 18.0进行药物组合以及药物性味关联规则分析,应用SPSS Statistics软件对数据进行聚类分析,进行数据挖掘。结果:71例病案中,共使用中药127味,中药总频数为908,频数≥10的中药有25味,总频数为614;药味方面以甘、辛、苦味药物为主,药性方面以温、平性药物为主,药物归经方面以归脾(胃)经、肺(大肠)经、肝(胆)经的药物为主;药物中性味关系最密切的组合是辛-温,四君子汤与痛泻要方药物为最常选用的方药组合。结论:医家病案多是从脾虚、肝郁两方面入手的,在治疗腹泻型肠易激综合征时多以四君子汤或痛泻要方为基础方剂,组方药物多选择辛温之品,佐以甘苦之类、寒温之性,寒温平调;药物归经方面应从归脾胃经药物入手,兼顾归肝胆经、肺和大肠经药物。

老官山汉墓天回医简《治六十病和齐汤法》含细辛方剂组方配伍规律研究

目的:探讨老官山汉墓天回医简《治六十病和齐汤法》含细辛方剂组方配伍规律。方法:运用文献学方法,对本书含细辛方组成药物进行考证、梳理;通过分类统计各药物使用频次、频率等,结合方剂主治,对含细辛方组方配伍规律进行总结、提炼。结果:本书15首含细辛方共配伍药物39味,累计运用92次;其中使用频次最多的三味药为蜀椒与桂各11次、姜9次。按功效分类,与细辛配伍使用最多的为温里药,其使用总频次为41次;使用频率排第二的药类为化痰药、补虚药和清热药,各使用7次。按药性分类,与细辛配伍使用药物药性以温热类药物为主,共使用63次。结论:本书含细辛方配伍规律是以同类药物相辅相成运用为主,异类药物相反相成运用为辅。“细辛-花椒-桂-姜”的配伍结构辛温散寒、通痹止痛,既切中病机,又针对症状,是本书细辛方以同类药物相辅相成运用为主的配伍规律的体现。

基于数据挖掘探析国家专利中药复方治疗PACG的用药规律

目的基于数据挖掘探析国家专利中药复方治疗原发性闭角型青光眼(PACG)的用药规律。方法纳入建库至2022年12月31日中国专利公布公告网站中治疗PACG的中药复方专利。采用Excel软件对中药复方建立数据库并进行数据处理,运用R语言进行频数统计、功效归类、性味归经、关联规则及聚类分析。结果(1)一般情况:共纳入专利160项,共涉及药物510味,药物累计频次2,055次。(2)性味归经:四气为寒性药最多,共27味(49.09%);五味以甘味药最多,共71味(47.97%);归经以肝经最多,共38味(25.00%)。(3)高频中药使用频次:使用频次>10次的中药(高频中药)有55味,使用频次最高为枸杞子(46次,28.75%),其次为熟地黄(42次,26.25%)、菊花(41次,25.63%)、甘草(39次,24.38%)、决明子(38次,23.75%)。(4)高频中药功效归类分析:排名前5位为清热药(14味,25.45%)、补虚药(12味,21.82%)、解表药(8味,14.55%)、平肝息风药(5味,9.09%)、利水渗湿药(4味,7.27%)。(5)关联规则分析:高频药对排名前5位分别为:菊花-枸杞子(21次,9.21%)、茯苓-枸杞子(20次,8.77%)、决明子-菊花(20次,8.77%)、泽泻-菊花(18次,7.89%)、熟地黄-菊花(18次,7.89%)。(6)聚类分析:共得到6类有效组合。第Ⅰ类功效为清热泻火,疏肝解郁;第Ⅱ类功效为祛风解表,凉血解毒;第Ⅲ类功效为活血祛瘀,通经止痛;第Ⅳ类功效为滋肾养阴,平肝潜阳;第Ⅴ类功效为滋补肝肾,化痰泻火;第Ⅵ类功效为滋补肝肾,祛风化火。结论国家专利中药复方治疗PACG有规律可循,多从肝、肾、脾入手,组方寒温并用,虚实兼顾,标本兼治,主要针对风、火、痰、虚、郁、瘀六类致病因素。

基于网络药理学的中药组方治疗骨质疏松症的用药规律研究

目的 分析国家专利中药组方治疗骨质疏松症的用药规律并进行网络药理学分析。方法 在国家知识产权局网站中检索治疗慢骨质疏松的中药组方,规范药名后进行中药频数分析、性味归经分析,组方规律分析,药物靶点频数分析,k-means降维PPI分析、GO-BP生物学功能富集分析和KEGGPathway分析。结果 共纳入112项专利中药组方,涉及156味中药,其中淫羊藿的使用频次最高。药性以温性、平性、寒常见;五味多为甘、苦、辛;归经多归属肝经、肾经、脾经。关联规则分析提示常用的药对组合为牡蛎—淫羊藿,三七—当归,黄芪—淫羊藿等。核心靶点主要是AR、ESR1、ESR2、NR1I2、SHBG、VDR、NR3C1,GABRA家族和GABRG家族等。k-mean聚类分析PPI互作网络可降维成4类,与临床分型密切相关。GO和KEGG-Pathway分析表明中药复方主要通过神经活性配体-受体相互作用,氯化物跨膜转运,类固醇激素生物合成,碳水化合物的消化和多种物质成瘾的信号通路,通过消化吸收,神经信号和递质传递,类固醇的代谢,氯离子的转运等功能发挥防治骨质疏松症的作用。结论 结果表明中药治疗原发性骨质疏松症有规律可循,为中药治疗骨质疏松提供了理论依据,为中药的临床研究和基础研究提供了新的思路。

《神农本草经》辛以止咳药在经方中的运用探析

《神农本草经》中辛味且明确具有止咳作用的药物有12味,在《伤寒杂病论》中用到8味。通过分析这12种药物的功效及配伍成的13首止咳逆经方的应用,并结合《黄帝内经》五味用药理论,总结出辛以止咳的机制及组方用药特点:1)辛以止咳药在“主咳逆”的基础上,尚以主温中、主风寒、主化湿及特殊功效,如款冬花“主喉痹”、桂枝“主补中益气”、芫花“主下水”达到止咳逆;2)辛以止咳配伍规律有辛散酸收,基础药对为干姜细辛-五味子,根据不同病因有所加减,如生姜-细辛-五味子、干姜-细辛-五味子-半夏和干姜-五味子;辛甘发散,药对为生姜-甘草或干姜-甘草;辛散苦降,药对为款冬花-紫菀、桂枝-麻黄、半夏-芍药或附子-芍药;3)辛以润之贯穿于辛以止咳的全过程,在此基础上当外邪袭表,辛以散之;阳虚津凝时,辛以温之;饮邪不化时,辛以和之。

经方中“麻黄-石膏”配伍规律探究

[目的]基于《伤寒论》《金匮要略》探讨“麻黄—石膏”配伍用药规律。[方法]通过中医传承辅助平台对“麻黄—石膏”经方药味进行统计分析。[结果]“麻黄—石膏”配伍经方中甘草、麻黄、石膏是核心药味配伍组合;药味以温性为主,寒性次之;五味以辛、甘味为主;归经以肺经为主;症状涉及两大症状群,一为发热、恶风、汗出、脉浮、喘为核心的症状群;二为身肿、身黄、脉沉、小便不利为核心的症状群;麻黄与石膏配伍剂量比例变化随病机变化而改变。[结论]“麻黄—石膏”经方病邪分无形与有形,且两者多混杂出现;“麻黄—石膏”经方病机围绕肺之宣肃功能的改变;“麻黄—石膏”配伍用药以麻黄为核心。

栀子在《伤寒杂病论》中配伍应用规律探讨

栀子在《伤寒杂病论》中共涉及经方10首,根据对其相关原文以及文献资料的整理分析,对其配伍规律得出以下结论:(1)仲景对栀子的用量较为稳定,为14~15枚不等,约12.6~19.5 g,皆取生品入汤剂。(2)所伍经方主治症状多以烦、热为主,病位多在上焦,涉及中下二焦,原文提示六经多在太阳、阳明及厥阴,病机皆突出郁热内结的特点。(3)栀子的配伍甚为灵活,基于中医治疗八法分析,其配伍组方规律体现在:①以清法为主,如代表方栀子豉汤,栀子配豆豉而成清宣里热基本药对;②清中兼下-栀子配厚朴、枳实或大黄以清热通腑,利湿退黄,有栀子大黄汤、枳实栀子豉汤等;③清中兼消——栀子配茵陈、黄柏以清消湿热,解毒退黄,有茵陈蒿汤、栀子柏皮汤等;④清中兼温——即栀子干姜汤中配入干姜,寒温并用,清热温中;⑤清中兼补——即栀子甘草豉汤中配入甘草,补益中气,标本兼顾;⑥清中兼和——即栀子生姜豉汤中配入生姜以调理气机,降逆和中。仲景运用栀子灵活巧妙,药简力宏,探析其配伍规律对现代用药组方思路颇具指导性及启发性。

基于数据挖掘分析含山茱萸方剂的配伍规律及应用特点

目的 基于数据挖掘分析含山茱萸方剂的配伍规律,为指导临床合理用药及山茱萸的深入开发提供参考。方法 收集整理《中国药典(2020版)》《卫生部药品标准中药成方制剂》《新药转正标准》和《药品注册标准》中含山茱萸的方剂,构建临证方药数据库,通过“古今医案云平台”和SPSS Modeler对其进行频次统计、关联规则和聚类分析等数据挖掘。结果 共收集到含山茱萸方剂129个,涉及338种药物。山茱萸常与茯苓、熟地黄、山药等中药配伍,其性味多为甘、温,归肝经和肾经;主治症状主要有腰酸、腿软、遗精和头昏等;高频配伍的药物经聚类分析可分为4类;含山茱萸处方主治证候有27种,其中主要为肾阳虚证、肝肾两虚证、气血两虚证;通过关联规则分析挖掘出肾阳虚证核心药组“山茱萸—山药—熟地黄—菟丝子”,肝肾两虚证核心药组“山茱萸—山药—熟地黄—茯苓”,以及气血两虚证核心药组“山茱萸—当归—熟地黄—茯苓”。结论 通过数据挖掘分析含山茱萸方剂的配伍规律和应用特点,对指导山茱萸的现代化临床合理应用、保健食品的开发及中药新药研发具有重要意义。

基于数据挖掘分析《中华医典5.0》对中风病气虚证的用药特点及处方配伍规律

目的基于《中华医典5.0》探讨中风病气虚证的用药特点和处方配伍规律。方法收集《中华医典5.0》中治疗中风病气虚证的古代及近代处方,通过Microsoft Office Excel 2013软件建立规范化数据库,并利用SPSS Statistics 25和SPSS Modeler 18.0软件对数据库中处方进行频数、关联规则、聚类分析等数据挖掘方法的研究。结果本研究共得到频率>15%的中药16味,使用频次前5位的中药分别是:甘草70次、人参64次、白术50次、当归43次、茯苓41次。药性多为温、寒、平之品,药味以甘、辛、苦为主,主要归脾、肺、心经。药类频次前6位的中药类别为:补虚药、解表药、理气药、化痰止咳平喘药、温里药及活血化瘀药。关联分析得到强关联配对方式50种(置信度>0.8、支持度>0.1),支持度前5位的药对为白术—茯苓、甘草—陈皮、茯苓—半夏、人参—半夏、甘草—半夏。聚类分析得到聚类组5类,复杂网络分析得到中风病气虚证的核心处方,共包含26味中药:人参、半夏、天麻、川芎、当归、木香、桔梗、熟地黄、独活、甘草、生姜、白术、白芍、白芷、竹沥、细辛、羌活、肉桂、茯苓、防风、附子、陈皮、麻黄、黄芩、黄芪、乌药,为六君子汤、四物汤、九味羌活汤合方。结论《中华医典5.0》中记载治疗中风病气虚证的处方呈现以益气养血、祛风解表、理气祛痰为主的处方规律,治疗以补气为核心,兼以祛风、化痰、祛湿之品。需要注意的是,气虚证贯穿中风病发病始终,在中风病气虚证的治疗中,调补后天之气是治疗的关键,运用毒性药物或可成为治疗中风病气虚证的新思路。

便血方剂“核心配伍-作用靶点”的关联性研究

目的:研究治疗便血方剂的用药规律及其“核心配伍-作用靶点”的关联性。方法:从《中医方剂大辞典》中筛选治疗便血的方剂,录入数据库,进行频数、聚类和关联分析,从中发现配伍组方规律。找到核心配伍组合后,再使用中药分子机制的生物信息学分析工具(Bioinformatics Analysis Tool for Molecular Mechanism of Traditional Chinese Medicine,BATMAN-TCM)对核心配伍组合进行活性成分-靶点预测,从而分析核心配伍组合的共同作用靶点。结果:共收录便血方剂616首,涉及中药340味;排名前10的高频药物依次是当归、甘草、黄连、芍药、枳壳、生地黄、黄芩、地榆、槐花、黄芪;主要使用的中药类别依次是补虚药、清热药、止血药。发现生地黄、黄芩、赤芍,人参、白术、茯苓,侧柏叶、地榆、槐花,当归和川芎等是治疗便血的四组核心配伍组合;经分析发现这四组核心配伍组合均有AR、ESR1、NR3C1、PGR、VDR这5个共同作用靶点,即治疗便血的11个核心药物有5个共同作用靶点。结论:《中医方剂大辞典》所载便血方剂的核心配伍组合关联的AR、NR3C1、PGR、VDR等靶点与肠炎、结直肠癌、胃癌等常导致便血的相关疾病密切相关,提示其“核心配伍-作用靶点”的关联性对于指导临床用药以及相关基础研究和新药开发有一定参考意义。