Economic Analysis Study of Agricultural and Solar Complementary System

Agro-photovoltaic complementary system(APCS)is an innovative land use model combining agricultural production with photovoltaic power generation,aiming to realize dual land use and improve land use efficiency and economic benefits by installing photovoltaic panels on farmland.With the growth of global energy demand and the intensification of climate change,agro-photovoltaic(APV)systems have received widespread attention as a sustainable energy solution.Studies have shown that agro-photovoltaic systems exhibit significant economic benefits in different regions and crop types.Through reasonable system design and optimization,the agricultural and photovoltaic complementary system is not only technically feasible,but also has significant economic advantages,which provides a strong support for achieving the goal of sustainable development.

Complementary system-theoretic modelling approach for enhancing hydrological forecasting

Hydrologic models generally represent the most dominant processes since they are mere simplifications of physical reality and thus are subject to many significant uncertainties. As such, a coupling strategy is proposed. To this end, the coupling of the artificial neural network （ANN） with the Xin＇anjiang conceptual model with a view to enhance the quality of its flow forecast is presented. The approach uses the latest observations and residuals in runoff/discharge forecasts from the Xin＇anjiang model. The two complementary models （Xin＇anjiang ＆ ANN） are used in such a way that residuals of the Xin＇anjiang model are forecasted by a neural network model so that flow forecasts can be improved as new observations come in. For the complementary neural network, the input data were presented in a patterned format to conform to the calibration regime of the Xin＇anjiang conceptual model, using differing variants of the neural network scheme. The results show that there is a substantial improvement in the accuracy of the forecasts when the complementary model was operated on top of the Xin＇anjiang conceptual model as compared with the results of the Xin＇anjiang model alone.

Carbon efficiency evaluation method for urban energy system with multiple energy complementary

Urban energy systems(UESs)play a pivotal role in the consumption of clean energy and the promotion of energy cascade utilization.In the context of the construction and operation strategy of UESs with multiple complementary energy resources,a comprehensive assessment of the energy efficiency is of paramount importance.First,a multi-dimensional evaluation system with four primary indexes of energy utilization,environmental protection,system operation,and economic efficiency and 21 secondary indexes is constructed to comprehensively portray the UES.Considering that the evaluation system may contain a large number of indexes and that there is overlapping information among them,an energy efficiency evaluation method based on data processing,dimensionality reduction,integration of combined weights,and gray correlation analysis is proposed.This method can effectively reduce the number of calculations and improve the accuracy of energy efficiency assessments.Third,a demonstration project for a UES in China is presented.The energy efficiency of each scenario is assessed using six operational scenarios.The results show that Scenario 5,in which parks operate independently and investors build shared energy-storage equipment,has the best results and is best suited for green and low-carbon development.The results of the comparative assessment methods show that the proposed method provides a good energy efficiency assessment.This study provides a reference for the optimal planning,construction,and operation of UESs with multiple energy sources.

Stochastic programming based coordinated expansion planning of generation,transmission,demand side resources,and energy storage considering the DC transmission system

With the increasing penetration of wind and solar energies,the accompanying uncertainty that propagates in the system places higher requirements on the expansion planning of power systems.A source-grid-load-storage coordinated expansion planning model based on stochastic programming was proposed to suppress the impact of wind and solar energy fluctuations.Multiple types of system components,including demand response service entities,converter stations,DC transmission systems,cascade hydropower stations,and other traditional components,have been extensively modeled.Moreover,energy storage systems are considered to improve the accommodation level of renewable energy and alleviate the influence of intermittence.Demand-response service entities from the load side are used to reduce and move the demand during peak load periods.The uncertainties in wind,solar energy,and loads were simulated using stochastic programming.Finally,the effectiveness of the proposed model is verified through numerical simulations.

Complementary memtransistors for neuromorphic computing: How, what and why

Memtransistors in which the source-drain channel conductance can be nonvolatilely manipulated through the gate signals have emerged as promising components for implementing neuromorphic computing.On the other side,it is known that the complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor(CMOS)field effect transistors have played the fundamental role in the modern integrated circuit technology.Therefore,will complementary memtransistors(CMT)also play such a role in the future neuromorphic circuits and chips?In this review,various types of materials and physical mechanisms for constructing CMT(how)are inspected with their merits and need-to-address challenges discussed.Then the unique properties(what)and poten-tial applications of CMT in different learning algorithms/scenarios of spiking neural networks(why)are reviewed,including super-vised rule,reinforcement one,dynamic vision with in-sensor computing,etc.Through exploiting the complementary structure-related novel functions,significant reduction of hardware consuming,enhancement of energy/efficiency ratio and other advan-tages have been gained,illustrating the alluring prospect of design technology co-optimization(DTCO)of CMT towards neuro-morphic computing.

Computational temporal ghost imaging based on complementary modulation

We report an experimental demonstration of temporal ghost imaging in which a digital micromirror device(DMD)and+1/-1 binary modulation have been combined to give an accurate reconstruction of a nonperiodic time object.Compared to the 0/1 modulation,the reconstruction signal can be improved greatly by+1/-1 binary modulation even with half of the measurements.Experimental results show that 0/1 binary temporal objects up to 4 kHz and sinusoidal time objects up to 1 kHz can be reconstructed by this method.The influences of modulation speed and array detector gray levels are also discussed.

Complementary Food Situation in Sierra Leone: Nutritional Problems and Possible Strategies—A Review

Low nutrient density and bulkiness of complementary foods, early introduction of solid foods, and unhygienic practices during weaning stage of a child predispose infants to malnutrition, growth retardation, infection and high mortality. In most West African countries, especially in Sierra Leone, the use of a variety of home-made complementary foods prepared from locally grown foodstuffs during the weaning process is popular, with products traditionally known as pap (mesh rice water) fofo from cassava, ogi, gari, akamu and couscous. Sierra Leone is one of the countries in West Africa that has been reported to have a challenging situation with regards to complementary foods, and little effort has so far been done to improve the situation. Despite these challenges, very little work has been directed towards the development of complementary foods using local foodstuffs as practiced in some other African countries. This situation has serious impact on the lives of infants in Sierra Leone, thus increasing the rate of mortality in the country. Complementary food situation in Sierra Leone was reviewed in terms of the past and present practices as well as the types of complementary foods used in Sierra Leone. Thus, the objective of this review was to discuss the complementary food situation in Sierra Leone: Nutritional problems and possible strategies. Formulation of high nutritive value home-made complementary foods in the country was recommended using traditional food processing techniques such as fermentation and germination, since these methods are simple, and could easily be employed at household and community levels without the use of sophisticated machinery. Nonetheless, it was recently reported that a product from the orange-flesh sweet potato could address the issue of complementary food in the country as it is easy to prepare, and the products are easily available in the rural area and even urban settings. Other recommendations made include: community nutrition education, the development of weaning recipe book, reduction in the workload of the suckling mother, promotion of breastfeeding and increased maternity leave period, which were suggested to be the most immediate possible strategies for the problems highlighted.

China-ASEAN Energy Cooperation China and ASEAN countries are poised for long-term energy cooperation as complementary needs continue to rise

Cambodia,funded and developed by China National Heavy Machinery Corporation(CHMC).This project has an installed capacity of 150 MW.Having completed its water storage in 2023,the plant,once operational,will provide Cambodia with a stable power supply.Moreover,CHMC has signed a Memorandum of Understanding to develop the 1,000 MW Upper Stung Tatay Pumped Storage Power Station-a key project,and the signing was witnessed by leaders of both countries.It will serve as a critical reserve and regulating power source in Cambodia,laying a foundation for subsequent renewable energy development in the country.

Use of Topical Complementary and Alternative Medicines (CAM) in Diabetic Septic Foot Disease in Makkah Region, Western of Saudi Arabia, an Exploratory Study

Diabetes is a chronic condition that is significantly impacted daily by environment. At least one in five Saudis, suffer from diabetes. “Diabetes is a pandemic of unprecedented magnitude spiraling out of control” (Boulton). Saudi Arabia ranks the second highest in the Middle East, and is the seventh in the world for the prevalence of diabetes (WHO). Diabetes mellitus (DM) has been found to be related to high mortality, morbidity accompanied by poor general health and lower quality of life. Current Saudi diabetes patients’ behaviors, practices, and beliefs regarding foot health problems such as ulcers, are not well investigated. Diabetic patients frequently utilize natural remedies and Herbs for self-medication as a part of complementary and alternative Medicine. Aim of study: To explore the widespread use of the alternative remedies in the local communities of the Western Saudi Arabia, the drives behind using and to focus on the potential adverse effects following their usage. Method: A descriptive, cross-sectional study of 386 diabetic patients with feet problems in Makkah Region, West of Saudi Arabia during the period April - June 2023. Results: Out of the 531 participants, only 386 participants reported diabetic foot disorder (DFD). Most of the participant were above 65 years of age group (24.61 %). Male (52.08%) more than female (47.92%) in the research group. All of the participants had diabetic foot disorders at least once. The prevalence of complementary and alternative medicines (CAM) use among them was 67.88%, as solitary or in combination with hospital medicines. Honey headed the list followed by myrrh and black seeds. Acquaintances advice (59.54%) was the most reason for using the alternative medicine. 60.30% of Diabetic foot patient complained of adverse effects during CAM remedies use. Conclusion: Consumption of CAM remedies among diabetic patients for Diabetic Foot Disorder (DFD) is common. Honey headed the list followed by myrrh and black seeds. Additional wide-scale research is required to establish their actual efficacy, safety and potential adverse out-comes and to generalize the outcomes.

Silicon limitation on primary production and its destiny in Jiaozhou Bay,China Ⅶ:The complementary mechanism of the earth ecosystem

In this paper, the phenomenon that the variation in nutrient and water temperature could cause changes in phytoplankton growth and structure is examined; and the question of how a marine ecosystem make up the earth ecosystem step by step to auto-sustain the balance between phytoplankton and nutrient supply especially Si is discussed. Three major complementary mechanisms of the earth ecosys- tem for nutrient Si, water temperature and carbon were put forward. Understanding the mechanisms nowadays would explain the why the El Nifio and La Nifia occurred, and forecast the trend of human-impacted the earth, which would alert us with proactive countermeasures.

Non-dominated sorting culture differential evolution algorithm for multi-objective optimal operation of Wind-Solar-Hydro complementary power generation system

Due to the intermittency and instability of Wind-Solar energy and easy compensation of hydropower, this study proposes a Wind-Solar-Hydro power optimal scheduling model. This model is aimed at maximizing the total system power generation and the minimum ten-day joint output. To effectively optimize the multi-objective model, a new algorithm named non-dominated sorting culture differential evolution algorithm(NSCDE) is proposed. The feasibility of NSCDE was verified through several well-known benchmark problems. It was then applied to the Jinping Wind-Solar-Hydro complementary power generation system. The results demonstrate that NSCDE can provide decision makers a series of optimized scheduling schemes.

Attitudes and understanding of complementary and alternative medicine in cancer care:An exploratory study of patients’perspectives in Karachi,Pakistan

Objective:To evaluate the prevalence and types of complementary and alternative medicine(CAM)modalities among patients with cancer in Karachi,Pakistan.Methods:This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from March 2021 to December 2021.Five hundred patients with cancer were invited to participate in the study.Electronic databases,namely,Google scholar,Publons,EMBASE,PubMed,Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure Database,and ResearchGate was used for questionnaire designed.The self-administered survey included questions on demographic characteristics,education level,socio-economic conditions and information about CAM therapies,prevalence,effectiveness,and common CAM modalities.Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS software version 22.Results:Out of the 500 invited patients,433(86.6%)successfully completed and returned the questionnaires.In contrast to patients who were with younger,highly educated,professionally active,higher income,and had advanced cancer,time since diagnosis,type of treatment,cancer types and family history are significantly associated with CAM use.The results showed that 59.8%of the participants were acquainted with complementary and/or alternative medicine and considered safe owing to its natural ingredients.The prevalence of CAM usage among cancer patients was 40.9%and the most widely used CAM modality was herbal medicine(27.7%)and dietary supplements(28.8%).Patients used CAM as a complementary therapy to improve the morphological parameter(28.2%),strengthen the immune system(6.8%),and to decrease the side effects of conventional treatment(18.1%).Most of the respondents get the information regarding CAM therapy from the electronic media(43.2%)and the family members(48%)rather than healthcare personnel.Conclusions:Participants used CAM modalities along with the conventional health care practices.Further multicentre studies should be conducted to provide information regarding the usage of CAM therapies and their eventual benefits in patients with cancer.

Kinetic Investigation of Ce,Y-CPAmA Systems and Simultaneous Determination of Sc,Y,Ce via Complementary Tristimulus Spectrophotometry

In the past ten years the eomplementary tristimulus speetrophotometryll],eTs,has seen its diverse appli-eations{2一61 though most researehes remain in relatively simpe systems,and less work has been involvinkinetie reaetions. An attemPt has been made on the investigation of some comPlieated systems eontainingrare earths and meta一acetylchloroPhosPhonaz

Using complementary and alternative medicines to prevent and treat pressure ulcers: a systematic review

Background:Pressure ulcers are skin lesions generated by ischemic conditions caused by pressure on soft tissues.Several studies have investigated complementary and alternative medicine(CAM)as preventative and treatment measures for pressure ulcers.Therefore,we systematically reviewed the CAM literature in preventing and treating pressure ulcers.Methods:All clinical trial studies which used CAM were included.We searched different databases,including Scientific Information Database,Irandoc,Google Scholar,PubMed,Medline,Scopus,Cochrane Library,Embase,and Science Direct.The following keywords were used:“complementary and alternative medicine-CAM”,“integrative medicine”,“traditional medicine”,“pressure ulcer”,“bedsore”,“pressure sore healing”,and“prevention”.A Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses 2015 checklist was used to perform analyses.Results:After screening,35 studies were selected.Our investigations suggested that honey,medicinal plants,such as resin salve,Angelica dahurica,Aloe vera,fruits,herbal oils,a combination of several traditional medicine methods,sheepskin,maggot therapy,massage,charcoal,and acupuncture were the most common CAM methods.Conclusion:CAM strategies can prevent and treat pressure ulcers.They reduce wound size,exudate and necrotic tissue levels,inflammation,pain,bleeding,and infections.

Evolution logic complementary needs and reform path of China’s marine ecological protection system

The issue of marine ecology is an institutional one.China’s marine ecological protection system has gone through a process of development from scratch to existence and from less to more.However,there are still many problems to be solved,such as whether a variety of complex systems can form a joint force of governance,and whether the rear system failures,deficiencies,and conflicts.Therefore,this paper reviews the evolution logic of China’s marine ecological protection system,explores the complementary space of the existing system from the perspective of institutional complementarity,and analyzes the path of institutional reform of supplement,amendment,and coordination,to promote the effective transition of marine ecological protection system emphasizing quality over quantity.The evolution of China’s marine ecological protection system can be divided into three stages:initial establishment,steady progression,and gradual transformation,showing a trend characterized by a changing governance mode from land-sea division to land-sea integration,a changing supervision mode from government only to multi-institution coordination,a changing safeguard mode from standard norms to the legal system.The internal motivation of promoting the evolution of the marine ecological protection system is the link age between the long-overdue institutional derived demand and supply,and between institutional cost constraints and institutional income drivers.Marine ecological protection is a complex and systematic project across regions and departments,and the link age between different ecological protection systems is crucial.Based on the theory of institutional complementarity,this study finds that China’s marine ecological protection system has great complementarity needs in three aspects:protection subject,protection means,and protection process.Among them,the problem of a single unitary protection subject is mainly caused by the lack of system,the low efficiency of protection means is mainly affected by the lack of system adaptability,and the separation of protection process mainly reflects the contradiction of system incongruity and mismatch.Based on this,the supplement of China’s marine ecological protection system should focus on the government’s responsibilities and the cultivation of multiple subjects.The revision of the system should focus on the further improvement of non-governmental mechanisms such as market incentives and information disclosure.The coordination of the system should be based on the whole process from pre regulation preparations to post-regulation review,in order to promote the effective connection and cooperation of policy tools.

A New Family of Optical Codes Based on Complementary Theory for OCDMA System

A new family of optical codes for Optical Code-division Multiple Access (OCDMA) systems, named as Optical Complementary Codes (OCCs), is proposed in this paper. The constructions of these codes consist of multiple sub-codes, and the codes have an auto-correlation interference constraint as 0 and a cross-correlation interference constraint as 1. Compared with conventional optical codes such as OPCs, OOCs and 2-D OOCs, the OCC has a shorter code length and higher code efficiency with better correlation property.

Design of the Multi-Energy Complementary Distributed Energy System for Towns

The multi-energy complementary distributed energy system (MCDES) covers a variety of energy forms, involves complex operation modes, and contains a wealth of control equipment and coupling links. It can realize the complementary and efficient use of different types of energy, which is the basic component of the physical layer of the Energy Internet. In this paper, aiming at the demand of the energy application for towns, a distributed energy system based on multi-energy complementary is constructed. Firstly, the supply condition of the distributed energy for the demonstration project is analyzed, and the architecture of the multi-energy complementary distributed energy system is established. Then the regulation strategy of the multi-energy complementary distributed energy system is proposed. Finally, an overall system scheme for the multi-energy complementary distributed energy system suitable for towns is developed, which provides a solid foundation for the development and promotion of the multi-energy complementary distributed energy system.

Nutrition Guidelines of Complementary Feeding for Infants and Toddlers(WS/T 678—2020)

1 Scope This standard specifies the basic principles and age-specific guidance for complementary feeding, and requirements of complementary feeding preparation for the healthy full-term infants and toddlers from 6 to 24 months.This standard is applicable to nutritional guidance for complementary foods supplements for the infants and toddlers from 6 to 24 months.

Roles of conventional and complementary therapies in recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is the fifth most common type of cancer and the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the world.HCC has a reported recurrence rate of 70%-80%after 5 years of follow-up.Controlling tumor recurrence is the most critical factor associated with HCC mortality.Conventional salvage therapies for recurrent HCC include re-hepatectomy or liver transplantation,transcatheter arterial chemoembolization,Y-90,target therapy,and immunotherapy;however,these conventional treatment modalities have yet to achieve consistently favorable outcomes.Meanwhile,previous studies have demonstrated that conventional therapies in combination with traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),acupuncture,moxibustion or dietary supplements could notably benefit patients with HCC recurrence by strengthening and augmenting the overall management strategy.However,systemic reviews related to the interactions between complementary therapies and conventional therapy in recurrent HCC are limited.In this review,we discuss the molecular mechanisms underlying the functions of complementary therapies for recurrent HCC,which include augmenting the local control to improve the congestion status of primary tumors and reducing multicentric tumor occurrence via inducing autophagy,apoptosis or cell cycle arrest.TCM and its derivatives may play important roles in helping to control HCC recurrence by inhibiting epithelial-mesenchymal transition,migration,invasion,and metastasis,inhibiting cancer stem cells,and ameliorating drug resistance.

A complementary integrated Transformer network for hyperspectral image classification

In the past,convolutional neural network(CNN)has become one of the most popular deep learning frameworks,and has been widely used in Hyperspectral image classification tasks.Convolution(Conv)in CNN uses filter weights to extract features in local receiving domain,and the weight parameters are shared globally,which more focus on the highfrequency information of the image.Different from Conv,Transformer can obtain the long‐term dependence between long‐distance features through modelling,and adaptively focus on different regions.In addition,Transformer is considered as a low‐pass filter,which more focuses on the low‐frequency information of the image.Considering the complementary characteristics of Conv and Transformer,the two modes can be integrated for full feature extraction.In addition,the most important image features correspond to the discrimination region,while the secondary image features represent important but easily ignored regions,which are also conducive to the classification of HSIs.In this study,a complementary integrated Transformer network(CITNet)for hyperspectral image classification is proposed.Firstly,three‐dimensional convolution(Conv3D)and two‐dimensional convolution(Conv2D)are utilised to extract the shallow semantic information of the image.In order to enhance the secondary features,a channel Gaussian modulation attention module is proposed,which is embedded between Conv3D and Conv2D.This module can not only enhance secondary features,but suppress the most important and least important features.Then,considering the different and complementary characteristics of Conv and Transformer,a complementary integrated Transformer module is designed.Finally,through a large number of experiments,this study evaluates the classification performance of CITNet and several state‐of‐the‐art networks on five common datasets.The experimental results show that compared with these classification networks,CITNet can provide better classification performance.