BACKGROUND Adolescent major depressive disorder(MDD)is a significant mental health concern that often leads to recurrent depression in adulthood.Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging(rs-fMRI)offers uniqu...BACKGROUND Adolescent major depressive disorder(MDD)is a significant mental health concern that often leads to recurrent depression in adulthood.Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging(rs-fMRI)offers unique insights into the neural mechanisms underlying this condition.However,despite previous research,the specific vulnerable brain regions affected in adolescent MDD patients have not been fully elucidated.AIM To identify consistent vulnerable brain regions in adolescent MDD patients using rs-fMRI and activation likelihood estimation(ALE)meta-analysis.METHODS We performed a comprehensive literature search through July 12,2023,for studies investigating brain functional changes in adolescent MDD patients.We utilized regional homogeneity(ReHo),amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations(ALFF)and fractional ALFF(fALFF)analyses.We compared the regions of aberrant spontaneous neural activity in adolescents with MDD vs healthy controls(HCs)using ALE.RESULTS Ten studies(369 adolescent MDD patients and 313 HCs)were included.Combining the ReHo and ALFF/fALFF data,the results revealed that the activity in the right cuneus and left precuneus was lower in the adolescent MDD patients than in the HCs(voxel size:648 mm3,P<0.05),and no brain region exhibited increased activity.Based on the ALFF data,we found decreased activity in the right cuneus and left precuneus in adolescent MDD patients(voxel size:736 mm3,P<0.05),with no regions exhibiting increased activity.CONCLUSION Through ALE meta-analysis,we consistently identified the right cuneus and left precuneus as vulnerable brain regions in adolescent MDD patients,increasing our understanding of the neuropathology of affected adolescents.展开更多
This paper present a simulation study of an evolutionary algorithms, Particle Swarm Optimization PSO algorithm to optimize likelihood function of ARMA（1, 1） model, where maximizing likelihood function is equivalent ...This paper present a simulation study of an evolutionary algorithms, Particle Swarm Optimization PSO algorithm to optimize likelihood function of ARMA（1, 1） model, where maximizing likelihood function is equivalent to maximizing its logarithm, so the objective function ＇obj.fun＇ is maximizing log-likelihood function. Monte Carlo method adapted for implementing and designing the experiments of this simulation. This study including a comparison among three versions of PSO algorithm “Constriction coefficient CCPSO, Inertia weight IWPSO, and Fully Informed FIPSO”, the experiments designed by setting different values of model parameters al, bs sample size n, moreover the parameters of PSO algorithms. MSE used as test statistic to measure the efficiency PSO to estimate model. The results show the ability of PSO to estimate ARMA＇ s parameters, and the minimum values of MSE getting for COPSO.展开更多
某一特定场地的岩土力学参数在地质作用下普遍呈现固有的不确定性,融合现场观测数据进行概率反分析可有效缩减这一不确定性。虽然基于子集模拟的贝叶斯更新(Bayesian Updating with Subset simulation,简称BUS)方法可以将等量场地信息...某一特定场地的岩土力学参数在地质作用下普遍呈现固有的不确定性,融合现场观测数据进行概率反分析可有效缩减这一不确定性。虽然基于子集模拟的贝叶斯更新(Bayesian Updating with Subset simulation,简称BUS)方法可以将等量场地信息的高维概率反分析问题转化为等效的结构可靠度问题,但是当现场观测数据增多时,构建的似然函数值会变得非常小,甚至低于计算机浮点运算精度,会严重影响概率反分析计算效率与精度。为此,提出了一种基于并联系统可靠度分析的改进BUS方法,从基于乔列斯基分解的中点法出发,将接受率低的总失效区域分解为多个接受率高的子失效区域,从而避免因融合大量现场观测数据引起的“维度灾难”问题,实现对边坡岩土力学参数的准确概率反分析。最后,通过一不排水饱和黏土边坡案例验证了提出方法的有效性,结果表明提出的方法能够融合大量钻孔数据和边坡服役状态等观测信息高效进行岩土力学参数概率反分析及边坡可靠度评估,为高维空间变异参数概率反分析和边坡可靠度评估提供了一种有效的工具。展开更多
This study proposes a new flexible family of distributions called the Lambert-G family.The Lambert family is very flexible and exhibits desirable properties.Its three-parameter special sub-models provide all significa...This study proposes a new flexible family of distributions called the Lambert-G family.The Lambert family is very flexible and exhibits desirable properties.Its three-parameter special sub-models provide all significantmonotonic and non-monotonic failure rates.A special sub-model of the Lambert family called the Lambert-Lomax(LL)distribution is investigated.General expressions for the LL statistical properties are established.Characterizations of the LL distribution are addressed mathematically based on its hazard function.The estimation of the LL parameters is discussed using six estimation methods.The performance of this estimation method is explored through simulation experiments.The usefulness and flexibility of the LL distribution are demonstrated empirically using two real-life data sets.The LL model better fits the exponentiated Lomax,inverse power Lomax,Lomax-Rayleigh,power Lomax,and Lomax distributions.展开更多
目的:通过分析针刺干预卒中后运动障碍的功能性磁共振(fMRI)临床研究结果,筛选针刺阳明经穴干预该病的中枢核心、稳定核团,为针刺治疗本病的中枢作用机制提供可靠证据。方法:检索PubMed、Web of Science、中国知网、万方和维普文献数据...目的:通过分析针刺干预卒中后运动障碍的功能性磁共振(fMRI)临床研究结果,筛选针刺阳明经穴干预该病的中枢核心、稳定核团,为针刺治疗本病的中枢作用机制提供可靠证据。方法:检索PubMed、Web of Science、中国知网、万方和维普文献数据库,收集从建库—2022年12月使用fMRI观察针刺阳明经穴治疗卒中后脑区变化情况的研究。使用Ginger-ALE 3.0.2软件计算脑区激活似然评估(ALE)分布,最后使用DPABI软件进行图像整合。结果:共有20篇文献纳入研究,包括356名患者和144名健康人。结果显示,与健康人比较,缺血性卒中患者存在异常的大脑功能活动模式,异常的脑区主要与额叶、颞叶、边缘系统以及小脑有关;针刺阳明经穴对缺血性卒中后运动障碍患者左侧顶叶和小脑后叶(具体包括:顶下小叶、缘上回、中央后回以及下半月小叶、蚓锥体和小脑扁桃体)功能活动有稳定的调制作用。结论:卒中发生后相关运动支配脑区存在损伤与功能重塑;针刺阳明经穴可以稳定调节缺血性卒中后运动障碍患者优势侧运动-感觉系统功能活动。展开更多
A novel inverted generalized gamma(IGG)distribution,proposed for data modelling with an upside-down bathtub hazard rate,is considered.In many real-world practical situations,when a researcher wants to conduct a compar...A novel inverted generalized gamma(IGG)distribution,proposed for data modelling with an upside-down bathtub hazard rate,is considered.In many real-world practical situations,when a researcher wants to conduct a comparative study of the life testing of items based on cost and duration of testing,censoring strategies are frequently used.From this point of view,in the presence of censored data compiled from the most well-known progressively Type-Ⅱ censoring technique,this study examines different parameters of the IGG distribution.From a classical point of view,the likelihood and product of spacing estimation methods are considered.Observed Fisher information and the deltamethod are used to obtain the approximate confidence intervals for any unknown parametric function of the suggestedmodel.In the Bayesian paradigm,the same traditional inferential approaches are used to estimate all unknown subjects.Markov-Chain with Monte-Carlo steps are considered to approximate all Bayes’findings.Extensive numerical comparisons are presented to examine the performance of the proposed methodologies using various criteria of accuracy.Further,using several optimality criteria,the optimumprogressive censoring design is suggested.To highlight how the proposed estimators can be used in practice and to verify the flexibility of the proposed model,we analyze the failure times of twenty mechanical components of a diesel engine.展开更多
The topic of this article is one-sided hypothesis testing for disparity, i.e., the mean of one group is larger than that of another when there is uncertainty as to which group a datum is drawn. For each datum, the unc...The topic of this article is one-sided hypothesis testing for disparity, i.e., the mean of one group is larger than that of another when there is uncertainty as to which group a datum is drawn. For each datum, the uncertainty is captured with a given discrete probability distribution over the groups. Such situations arise, for example, in the use of Bayesian imputation methods to assess race and ethnicity disparities with certain insurance, health, and financial data. A widely used method to implement this assessment is the Bayesian Improved Surname Geocoding (BISG) method which assigns a discrete probability over six race/ethnicity groups to an individual given the individual’s surname and address location. Using a Bayesian framework and Markov Chain Monte Carlo sampling from the joint posterior distribution of the group means, the probability of a disparity hypothesis is estimated. Four methods are developed and compared with an illustrative data set. Three of these methods are implemented in an R-code and one method in WinBUGS. These methods are programed for any number of groups between two and six inclusive. All the codes are provided in the appendices.展开更多
基金Supported by The 2024 Guizhou Provincial Health Commission Science and Technology Fund Project,No.gzwkj2024-47502022 Provincial Clinical Key Specialty Construction Project。
文摘BACKGROUND Adolescent major depressive disorder(MDD)is a significant mental health concern that often leads to recurrent depression in adulthood.Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging(rs-fMRI)offers unique insights into the neural mechanisms underlying this condition.However,despite previous research,the specific vulnerable brain regions affected in adolescent MDD patients have not been fully elucidated.AIM To identify consistent vulnerable brain regions in adolescent MDD patients using rs-fMRI and activation likelihood estimation(ALE)meta-analysis.METHODS We performed a comprehensive literature search through July 12,2023,for studies investigating brain functional changes in adolescent MDD patients.We utilized regional homogeneity(ReHo),amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations(ALFF)and fractional ALFF(fALFF)analyses.We compared the regions of aberrant spontaneous neural activity in adolescents with MDD vs healthy controls(HCs)using ALE.RESULTS Ten studies(369 adolescent MDD patients and 313 HCs)were included.Combining the ReHo and ALFF/fALFF data,the results revealed that the activity in the right cuneus and left precuneus was lower in the adolescent MDD patients than in the HCs(voxel size:648 mm3,P<0.05),and no brain region exhibited increased activity.Based on the ALFF data,we found decreased activity in the right cuneus and left precuneus in adolescent MDD patients(voxel size:736 mm3,P<0.05),with no regions exhibiting increased activity.CONCLUSION Through ALE meta-analysis,we consistently identified the right cuneus and left precuneus as vulnerable brain regions in adolescent MDD patients,increasing our understanding of the neuropathology of affected adolescents.
文摘This paper present a simulation study of an evolutionary algorithms, Particle Swarm Optimization PSO algorithm to optimize likelihood function of ARMA（1, 1） model, where maximizing likelihood function is equivalent to maximizing its logarithm, so the objective function ＇obj.fun＇ is maximizing log-likelihood function. Monte Carlo method adapted for implementing and designing the experiments of this simulation. This study including a comparison among three versions of PSO algorithm “Constriction coefficient CCPSO, Inertia weight IWPSO, and Fully Informed FIPSO”, the experiments designed by setting different values of model parameters al, bs sample size n, moreover the parameters of PSO algorithms. MSE used as test statistic to measure the efficiency PSO to estimate model. The results show the ability of PSO to estimate ARMA＇ s parameters, and the minimum values of MSE getting for COPSO.
文摘某一特定场地的岩土力学参数在地质作用下普遍呈现固有的不确定性,融合现场观测数据进行概率反分析可有效缩减这一不确定性。虽然基于子集模拟的贝叶斯更新(Bayesian Updating with Subset simulation,简称BUS)方法可以将等量场地信息的高维概率反分析问题转化为等效的结构可靠度问题,但是当现场观测数据增多时,构建的似然函数值会变得非常小,甚至低于计算机浮点运算精度,会严重影响概率反分析计算效率与精度。为此,提出了一种基于并联系统可靠度分析的改进BUS方法,从基于乔列斯基分解的中点法出发,将接受率低的总失效区域分解为多个接受率高的子失效区域,从而避免因融合大量现场观测数据引起的“维度灾难”问题,实现对边坡岩土力学参数的准确概率反分析。最后,通过一不排水饱和黏土边坡案例验证了提出方法的有效性,结果表明提出的方法能够融合大量钻孔数据和边坡服役状态等观测信息高效进行岩土力学参数概率反分析及边坡可靠度评估,为高维空间变异参数概率反分析和边坡可靠度评估提供了一种有效的工具。
文摘This study proposes a new flexible family of distributions called the Lambert-G family.The Lambert family is very flexible and exhibits desirable properties.Its three-parameter special sub-models provide all significantmonotonic and non-monotonic failure rates.A special sub-model of the Lambert family called the Lambert-Lomax(LL)distribution is investigated.General expressions for the LL statistical properties are established.Characterizations of the LL distribution are addressed mathematically based on its hazard function.The estimation of the LL parameters is discussed using six estimation methods.The performance of this estimation method is explored through simulation experiments.The usefulness and flexibility of the LL distribution are demonstrated empirically using two real-life data sets.The LL model better fits the exponentiated Lomax,inverse power Lomax,Lomax-Rayleigh,power Lomax,and Lomax distributions.
文摘目的:通过分析针刺干预卒中后运动障碍的功能性磁共振(fMRI)临床研究结果,筛选针刺阳明经穴干预该病的中枢核心、稳定核团,为针刺治疗本病的中枢作用机制提供可靠证据。方法:检索PubMed、Web of Science、中国知网、万方和维普文献数据库,收集从建库—2022年12月使用fMRI观察针刺阳明经穴治疗卒中后脑区变化情况的研究。使用Ginger-ALE 3.0.2软件计算脑区激活似然评估(ALE)分布,最后使用DPABI软件进行图像整合。结果:共有20篇文献纳入研究,包括356名患者和144名健康人。结果显示,与健康人比较,缺血性卒中患者存在异常的大脑功能活动模式,异常的脑区主要与额叶、颞叶、边缘系统以及小脑有关;针刺阳明经穴对缺血性卒中后运动障碍患者左侧顶叶和小脑后叶(具体包括:顶下小叶、缘上回、中央后回以及下半月小叶、蚓锥体和小脑扁桃体)功能活动有稳定的调制作用。结论:卒中发生后相关运动支配脑区存在损伤与功能重塑;针刺阳明经穴可以稳定调节缺血性卒中后运动障碍患者优势侧运动-感觉系统功能活动。
基金funded by the Deanship of Scientific Research and Libraries,Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University,through the Program of Research Project Funding after Publication,Grant No.(RPFAP-34-1445).
文摘A novel inverted generalized gamma(IGG)distribution,proposed for data modelling with an upside-down bathtub hazard rate,is considered.In many real-world practical situations,when a researcher wants to conduct a comparative study of the life testing of items based on cost and duration of testing,censoring strategies are frequently used.From this point of view,in the presence of censored data compiled from the most well-known progressively Type-Ⅱ censoring technique,this study examines different parameters of the IGG distribution.From a classical point of view,the likelihood and product of spacing estimation methods are considered.Observed Fisher information and the deltamethod are used to obtain the approximate confidence intervals for any unknown parametric function of the suggestedmodel.In the Bayesian paradigm,the same traditional inferential approaches are used to estimate all unknown subjects.Markov-Chain with Monte-Carlo steps are considered to approximate all Bayes’findings.Extensive numerical comparisons are presented to examine the performance of the proposed methodologies using various criteria of accuracy.Further,using several optimality criteria,the optimumprogressive censoring design is suggested.To highlight how the proposed estimators can be used in practice and to verify the flexibility of the proposed model,we analyze the failure times of twenty mechanical components of a diesel engine.
文摘The topic of this article is one-sided hypothesis testing for disparity, i.e., the mean of one group is larger than that of another when there is uncertainty as to which group a datum is drawn. For each datum, the uncertainty is captured with a given discrete probability distribution over the groups. Such situations arise, for example, in the use of Bayesian imputation methods to assess race and ethnicity disparities with certain insurance, health, and financial data. A widely used method to implement this assessment is the Bayesian Improved Surname Geocoding (BISG) method which assigns a discrete probability over six race/ethnicity groups to an individual given the individual’s surname and address location. Using a Bayesian framework and Markov Chain Monte Carlo sampling from the joint posterior distribution of the group means, the probability of a disparity hypothesis is estimated. Four methods are developed and compared with an illustrative data set. Three of these methods are implemented in an R-code and one method in WinBUGS. These methods are programed for any number of groups between two and six inclusive. All the codes are provided in the appendices.
