Solid-state electrolytes(SSEs)are widely considered the essential components for upcoming rechargeable lithium-ion batteries owing to the potential for great safety and energy density.Among them,polymer solid-state el...Solid-state electrolytes(SSEs)are widely considered the essential components for upcoming rechargeable lithium-ion batteries owing to the potential for great safety and energy density.Among them,polymer solid-state electrolytes(PSEs)are competitive candidates for replacing commercial liquid electrolytes due to their flexibility,shape versatility and easy machinability.Despite the rapid development of PSEs,their practical application still faces obstacles including poor ionic conductivity,narrow electrochemical stable window and inferior mechanical strength.Polymer/inorganic composite electrolytes(PIEs)formed by adding ceramic fillers in PSEs merge the benefits of PSEs and inorganic solid-state electrolytes(ISEs),exhibiting appreciable comprehensive properties due to the abundant interfaces with unique characteristics.Some PIEs are highly compatible with high-voltage cathode and lithium metal anode,which offer desirable access to obtaining lithium metal batteries with high energy density.This review elucidates the current issues and recent advances in PIEs.The performance of PIEs was remarkably influenced by the characteristics of the fillers including type,content,morphology,arrangement and surface groups.We focus on the molecular interaction between different components in the composite environment for designing high-performance PIEs.Finally,the obstacles and opportunities for creating high-performance PIEs are outlined.This review aims to provide some theoretical guidance and direction for the development of PIEs.展开更多
All-solid-state electrolytes are exceedingly attractive because of the outstanding inherent safety and energy density compared to liquid electrolytes.Whereas,it is still formidable to simultaneously design solid elect...All-solid-state electrolytes are exceedingly attractive because of the outstanding inherent safety and energy density compared to liquid electrolytes.Whereas,it is still formidable to simultaneously design solid electrolytes with favorable electrode/electrolyte interface compatibility and high ionic conductivity in a simple and scalable manner.Hence,the oxygen-vacancy-rich Gd-doped SnO_(2) nanotubes(GDS NTs)are innovatively prepared and applied to the electrolyte of all-solid-state lithium metal batteries for the first time.The addition of GDS NTs can validly construct long-range co ntinuous ion transport networks in the poly(ethylene oxide)(PEO)-based system and greatly improve the mechanical properties of the electrolyte.Compared to the PEO-based electrolyte,the composite electrolyte displays a higher lithium ion conductivity of 2.41×10^(-4) S cm^(-1) at 30℃,a higher lithium ion transference number up to 0.62 and a wider electrochemical window of 5 V at 50℃.In addition,the composite electrolyte manifests outstanding compatibility with high-voltage LiNi_(0.8)Mn_(0.1)Co_(0.1)O_(2)(NMC811)cathode,LiFePO4 cathode and lithium metal anode.The assembled Li/Li symmetric battery exhibits stable Li plating/stripping cycling performance,which can cycle steadily for 1500 h at a capacity of 0.3 mA h cm^(-2).And Li/LiFePO4 battery still maintains a high capacity of 131.54 mA h g^(-1) at 0.5C after 800 cycles,which has a superior capacity retention rate of 93.2%.The obtained novel composite electrolyte has promising application prospects in the field of all-solid-state lithium metal cells.展开更多
The use a stabilized lithium structure as cathode material for batteries could be a fundamental alternative in the development of next-generation energy storage devices.However,the lithium structure severely limits ba...The use a stabilized lithium structure as cathode material for batteries could be a fundamental alternative in the development of next-generation energy storage devices.However,the lithium structure severely limits battery life causes safety concerns due to the growth of lithium(Li)dendrites during rapid charge/discharge cycles.Solid electrolytes,which are used in highdensity energy storage devices and avoid the instability of liquid electrolytes,can be a promising alternative for next-generation batteries.Nevertheless,poor lithium ion conductivity and structural defects at room temperature have been pointed out as limitations.In this study,through the application of a low-dimensional graphene quantum dot(GQD)layer structure,stable operation characteristics were demonstrated based on Li^(+)ion conductivity and excellent electrochemical performance.Moreover,the device based on the modified graphene quantum dots(GQDs)in solid state exhibited retention properties of 95.3%for 100 cycles at 0.5 C and room temperature(RT).Transmission electronmicroscopy analysis was performed to elucidate the Li^(+)ion action mechanism in the modified GQD/electrolyte heterostructure.The low-dimensional structure of theGQD-based solid electrolyte has provided an important strategy for stably-scalable solid-state lithium battery applications at room temperature.It was demonstrated that lithiated graphene quantum dots(Li-GQDs)inhibit the growth of Li dendrites by regulating the modified Li^(+)ion flux during charge/discharge cycling at current densities of 2.2–5.5 mA cm,acting as a modified Li diffusion heterointerface.A full Li GQDbased device was fabricated to demonstrate the practicality of the modified Li structure using the Li–GQD hetero-interface.This study indicates that the low-dimensional carbon structure in Li–GQDs can be an effective approach for stabilization of solid-state Li matrix architecture.展开更多
Despite the enormous interest in inorganic/polymer composite solid-state electrolytes(CSEs)for solid-state batteries(SSBs),the underlying ion transport phenomena in CSEs have not yet been elucidated.Here,we address th...Despite the enormous interest in inorganic/polymer composite solid-state electrolytes(CSEs)for solid-state batteries(SSBs),the underlying ion transport phenomena in CSEs have not yet been elucidated.Here,we address this issue by formulating a mechanistic understanding of bi-percolating ion channels formation and ion conduction across inorganic-polymer electrolyte interfaces in CSEs.A model CSE is composed of argyrodite-type Li_6PS_5Cl(LPSCl)and gel polymer electrolyte(GPE,including Li~+-glyme complex as an ion-conducting medium).The percolation threshold of the LPSCl phase in the CSE strongly depends on the elasticity of the GPE phase.Additionally,manipulating the solvation/desolvation behavior of the Li~+-glyme complex in the GPE facilitates ion conduction across the LPSCl-GPE interface.The resulting scalable CSE(area=8×6(cm×cm),thickness~40μm)can be assembled with a high-mass-loading LiNi_(0.7)Co_(0.15)Mn_(0.15)O_(2)cathode(areal-mass-loading=39 mg cm~(-2))and a graphite anode(negative(N)/positive(P)capacity ratio=1.1)in order to fabricate an SSB full cell with bi-cell configuration.Under this constrained cell condition,the SSB full cell exhibits high volumetric energy density(480 Wh L_(cell)~(-1))and stable cyclability at 25℃,far exceeding the values reported by previous CSE-based SSBs.展开更多
Composite polymer electrolytes(CPEs)are considered to be the most promising to break through the performance and safety limitations of traditional lithium-ion batteries because of their excellent electrochemical and m...Composite polymer electrolytes(CPEs)are considered to be the most promising to break through the performance and safety limitations of traditional lithium-ion batteries because of their excellent electrochemical and mechanical properties.Aiming at the performance limitations of the most common polyether matrix such as poly(ethylene oxide)(PEO),a novel poly(cyclocarbonate-ether)polymer matrix was prepared by in-situ thermal curing,the weaker interaction between its C=O bond and Li^(+)can promote the rapid transport of Li^(+).Adding ionic liquid and active filler LLZTO to the matrix can synergistically reduce the crystallinity of matrix and promote the dissociation of lithium salts.In addition,a 3D functional skeleton made of polyacrylonitrile(PAN)and lithium fluoride(LiF)can greatly improve the mechanical strength of polymer matrix after cold pressing,and Li F is also conducive to interface stability.The thickness of the optimal sample(VP6L/CPL)was only 25μm,and its ionic conductivity,lithium ion transference number,and electrochemical stability window were as high as 7.17×10^(-4)S cm^(-1)(25℃),0.54 and 5.4 V,respectively,while the mechanical strength reaches 6.1 MPa,which can fully inhibit the growth of lithium dendrites.The excellent electrochemical performance and mechanical strength enable the assembled Li|VP6L/CPL|Li battery to be continuously charged for over 200 h and cycled stably for more than 2300 h,and Li|VP6L/CPL|LFP battery can be stably cycled for more than 400 and 550 cycles at 1 C(40℃)and 0.5 C(25℃),respectively.展开更多
Solid polymer electrolytes(SPEs), such as polyethylene oxide(PEO), are characteristic of good flexibility and excellent processability, but they suffer from low ionic conductivity and small Li+transference number at a...Solid polymer electrolytes(SPEs), such as polyethylene oxide(PEO), are characteristic of good flexibility and excellent processability, but they suffer from low ionic conductivity and small Li+transference number at ambient temperature. Inorganic solid electrolytes(ISEs), garnet-type Li7La3Zr2O12 and its derivatives(LLZO-based) in particular, possess high ionic conductivity at room temperature, wide electrochemical stability window, large Li+transference number as well as good stability against Li metal anode.Nevertheless, lithium dendrites growth, interfacial contact issue and brittle nature of LLZO-based ceramic electrolytes prevent their practical applications. In response to these shortcomings, LLZO-based/polymer solid composite electrolytes(SCEs), taking complementary advantages of two kinds of electrolytes, and thus simultaneously improving the electrode wettability, ionic conductivity and mechanical strength, have been made to develop high-performance SCEs in recent years. Herein, the intrinsic properties and research progress of LLZO-based/polymer SCEs, including LLZO-based/PEO SCEs(LLZO-based/PEO SCEs with uniform dispersion of LLZO-based fillers and LLZO-based/PEO layered SCEs) and LLZO-based/novel polymers SCEs, are summarized. Besides, comprehensive updates on their applications in solid-state batteries are also presented. Finally, challenges and perspectives of LLZO-based/polymer SCEs for advanced allsolid-state lithium batteries(ASSLBs) are suggested. This review paper aims to provide systematic research progress of LLZO-based/polymer SCEs, to allow for more efficient and target-oriented research on improving LLZO-based/polymer SCEs.展开更多
Anion-immobilized solid composite electrolytes(SCEs)are important to restrain the propagation of lithium dendrites for all solid-state lithium metal batteries(ASSLMBs).Herein,a novel SCEs based on metal-organic framew...Anion-immobilized solid composite electrolytes(SCEs)are important to restrain the propagation of lithium dendrites for all solid-state lithium metal batteries(ASSLMBs).Herein,a novel SCEs based on metal-organic frameworks(MOFs,UiO-66-NH_(2))and superacid ZrO_(2)(S-ZrO_(2))fillers are proposed,and the samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscope(SEM),energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDS),thermo-gravimetric analyzer(TGA)and some other electrochemical measurements.The-NH_(2) groups of UiO-66-NH_(2) combines with F atoms of poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene)(PVDF-HFP)chains by hydrogen bonds,leading to a high electrochemical stability window of 5 V.Owing to the incorporation of UiO-66-NH_(2) and S-ZrO_(2) in PVDF-HFP polymer,the open metal sites of MOFs and acid surfaces of S-ZrO_(2) can immobilize anions by strong Lewis acid-base interaction,which enhances the effect of immobilization anions,achieving a high Li-ion transference number(t_(+))of 0.72,and acquiring a high ionic conductivity of 1.05×10^(-4) S·cm^(-1) at 60℃.The symmetrical Li/Li cells with the anion-immobilized SCEs may steadily operate for over 600 h at 0.05 mA·cm^(-2) without the shortcircuit occurring.Besides,the solid composite Li/LiFePO_(4)(LFP)cell with the anion-immobilized SCEs shows a superior discharge specific capacity of 158 mAh·g^(-1) at 0.2 C.The results illustrate that the anion-immobilized SCEs are one of the most promising choices to optimize the performances of ASSLMBs.展开更多
Compared with commercial lithium batteries with liquid electrolytes,all-solidstate lithium batteries(ASSLBs)possess the advantages of higher safety,better electrochemical stability,higher energy density,and longer cyc...Compared with commercial lithium batteries with liquid electrolytes,all-solidstate lithium batteries(ASSLBs)possess the advantages of higher safety,better electrochemical stability,higher energy density,and longer cycle life;therefore,ASSLBs have been identified as promising candidates for next-generation safe and stable high-energy-storage devices.The design and fabrication of solid-state electrolytes(SSEs)are vital for the future commercialization of ASSLBs.Among various SSEs,solid polymer composite electrolytes(SPCEs)consisting of inorganic nanofillers and polymer matrix have shown great application prospects in the practice of ASSLBs.The incorporation of inorganic nanofillers into the polymer matrix has been considered as a crucial method to achieve high ionic conductivity for SPCE.In this review,the mechanisms of Li+transport variation caused by incorporating inorganic nanofillers into the polymer matrix are discussed in detail.On the basis of the recent progress,the respective contributions of polymer chains,passive ceramic nanofillers,and active ceramic nanofillers in affecting the Li+transport process of SPCE are reviewed systematically.The inherent relationship between the morphological characteristics of inorganic nanofillers and the ionic conductivity of the resultant SPCE is discussed.Finally,the challenges and future perspectives for developing high-performance SPCE are put forward.This review aims to provide possible strategies for the further improvement of ionic conductivity in inorganic nanoscale filler-reinforced SPCE and highlight their inspiration for future research directions.展开更多
All-solid-state lithium batteries(ASSLBs)are recognized as high energy density batteries system without safety issues within the next generation of batteries.The development of solid electrolytes is the crucial step o...All-solid-state lithium batteries(ASSLBs)are recognized as high energy density batteries system without safety issues within the next generation of batteries.The development of solid electrolytes is the crucial step of ASSLBs.The composite electrolyte has stable physical and electrochemical characteristics,and its comprehensive performance surpasses the individual solid electrolyte,bringing unique vitality to the solid electrolyte.However,their intrinsic weakness limits the development of composite electrolytes.In this review,we provide a comprehensive and in-depth understanding of the challenges and opportunities of composite electrolytes,with special focus on mechanisms of ion transport,nanostructure design towards high ionic conductivity,interfacial issues within electrolytes and electrodes.Furthermore,future development is prospected,which can shed light on researchers in this field and accelerate the industrial production of composite electrolytes.展开更多
Lithium metal is one of the most promising anodes for next-generation batteries due to its high capacity and low reduction potential.However,the notorious Li dendrites can cause the short life span and safety issues,h...Lithium metal is one of the most promising anodes for next-generation batteries due to its high capacity and low reduction potential.However,the notorious Li dendrites can cause the short life span and safety issues,hindering the extensive application of lithium batteries.Herein,Li_(7)La_(3)Zr_(2)O_(12)(LLZO)ceramics are integrated into polyethylene oxide(PEO)to construct a facile polymer/inorganic composite solid-state electrolyte(CSSE)to inhibit the growth of Li dendrites and widen the electrochemical stability window.Given the feasibility of our strategy,the designed PEO-LLZO-LiTFSI composite solid-state electrolyte(PLLCSSE)exhibits an outstanding cycling property of 134.2 mAh g^(-1) after 500 cycles and the Coulombic efficiency of 99.1%after 1000 cycles at 1 C in LiFePO_(4)-Li cell.When cooperated with LiNi_(0.6)Co_(0.2)Mn_(0.2)O_(2)(NCM622)cathode,the PLL-CSSE renders a capacity retention of 82.4%after 200 cycles at 0.2 C.More importantly,the uniform dispersion of LLZO in PEO matrix is tentative tested via Raman and FT-IR spectra and should be responsible for the improved electrochemical performance.The same conclusion can be drawn from the interface investigation after cycling.This work presents an intriguing solid-state electrolyte with high electrochemical performance,which will boost the development of all-solid-state lithium batteries with high energy density.展开更多
The rapid improvement in the gel polymer electrolytes(GPEs)with high ionic conductivity brought it closer to practical applications in solid-state Li-metal batteries.The combination of solvent and polymer enables quas...The rapid improvement in the gel polymer electrolytes(GPEs)with high ionic conductivity brought it closer to practical applications in solid-state Li-metal batteries.The combination of solvent and polymer enables quasi-liquid fast ion transport in the GPEs.However,different ion transport capacity between solvent and polymer will cause local nonuniform Li+distribution,leading to severe dendrite growth.In addition,the poor thermal stability of the solvent also limits the operating-temperature window of the electrolytes.Optimizing the ion transport environment and enhancing the thermal stability are two major challenges that hinder the application of GPEs.Here,a strategy by introducing ion-conducting arrays(ICA)is created by vertical-aligned montmorillonite into GPE.Rapid ion transport on the ICA was demonstrated by 6Li solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance and synchrotron X-ray diffraction,combined with computer simulations to visualize the transport process.Compared with conventional randomly dispersed fillers,ICA provides continuous interfaces to regulate the ion transport environment and enhances the tolerance of GPEs to extreme temperatures.Therefore,GPE/ICA exhibits high room-temperature ionic conductivity(1.08 mS cm^(−1))and long-term stable Li deposition/stripping cycles(>1000 h).As a final proof,Li||GPE/ICA||LiFePO_(4) cells exhibit excellent cycle performance at wide temperature range(from 0 to 60°C),which shows a promising path toward all-weather practical solid-state batteries.展开更多
Solid electrolytes with desirable properties such as high ionic conductivity,wide electrochemical stable window,and suitable mechanical strength,and stable electrode-electrolyte interfaces on both cathode and anode si...Solid electrolytes with desirable properties such as high ionic conductivity,wide electrochemical stable window,and suitable mechanical strength,and stable electrode-electrolyte interfaces on both cathode and anode side are essential for high-voltage all-solid-state lithium batteries(ASSLBs)to achieve excellent cycle stability.In this work,a novel strategy of using LiF and LiNO_(3) as synergistic additives to boost the performance of PEO-PVDF/LLZTO-based composite solid electrolytes(CSEs)is developed,which also promotes the assembled high-voltage ASSLBs with dual-interfaces stability characteristic.Specifically,LiF as an inactive additive can increase the electrochemical stability of the CSE under high cut-off voltage,and improve the high-voltage compatibility between cathode and CSE,thus leading to a stable cathode/CSE interface.LiNO_(3) as an active additive can lead to an enhanced ionic conductivity of CSE due to the increased free-mobile Li+and ensure a stable CSE/Li interface by forming stable solid electrolyte interphase(SEI)on Li anode surface.Benefiting from the improved performance of CSE and stable dualinterfaces,the assembled NCM622/9[PEO_(15)-LiTFSI]-PVDF-15 LLZTO-2 LiF-3 LiNO_(3)/Li cell delivers a high rate capacity of 102.1 mAh g^(-1) at 1.0 C and a high capacity retention of 77.4%after 200 cycles at 0.5 C,which are much higher than those of the ASSLB assembled with additive-free CSE,with only 60.0 mAh g^(-1) and 52.0%,respectively.Furthermore,novel cycle test modes of resting for 5 h at different charge states after every 5 cycles are designed to investigate the high-voltage compatibility between cathode and CSE,and the results suggest that LiF additive can actually improve the high-voltage compatibility of cathode and CSE.All the obtained results confirm that the strategy of using synergistic additives in CSE is an effective way to achieve high-voltage ASSLBs with dual-interfaces stability.展开更多
Single-ion conducting solid polymer electrolytes are expected to play a vital role in the realization of solid-state Li metal batteries.In this work,a lithiated Nafion(Li-Nafion)-garnet ceramic Li6.25La3 Zr2 Al0.25O12...Single-ion conducting solid polymer electrolytes are expected to play a vital role in the realization of solid-state Li metal batteries.In this work,a lithiated Nafion(Li-Nafion)-garnet ceramic Li6.25La3 Zr2 Al0.25O12(LLZAO)composite solid electrolyte(CSE)membrane with 30μm thickness was prepared for the first time.By employing X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and transmission electron microscope,the interaction between LLZAO and Li-Nafion was investigated.It is found that the LLZAO interacts with the Li-Nafion to form a space charge layer at the interface between LLZAO and Li-Nafion.The space charge layer reduces the migration barrier of Li-ions and improves the ionic conductivity of the CSE membrane.The CSE membrane containing 10 wt%LLZAO exhibits the highest ionic conductivity of2.26×10-4 S cm-1 at 30℃among the pristine Li-Nafion membrane,the membrane containing 5 wt%,20 wt%,and 30 wt%LLZAO,respectively.It also exhibits a high Li-ion transference number of 0.92,and a broader electrochemical window of 0-+4.8 V vs.Li+/Li than that of 0-+4.0 V vs.Li+/Li for the pristine Li-Nafion membrane.It is observed that the CSE membrane not only inhibits the growth of Li dendrites but also keeps excellent electrochemical stability with the Li electrode.Benefitting from the above merits,the solid-state LiFePO4/Li cell fabricated with the CSE membrane was practically charged and discharged at 30℃.The cell exhibits an initial reversible discharge specific capacity of 160 mAh g-1 with 97%capacity retention after 100 cycles at 0.2 C,and maintains discharge specific capacity of 126 mAh g-1 after500 cycles at 1 C.The CSE membrane prepared with Li-Nafion and LLZAO is proved to be a promising solid electrolyte for advanced solid-state Li metal batteries.展开更多
The research of poly(ethylene oxide)(PEO)-based solid composite electrolyte with high ionic conductivity and excellent interfacial stability is the key to the development of all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries(ASSLI...The research of poly(ethylene oxide)(PEO)-based solid composite electrolyte with high ionic conductivity and excellent interfacial stability is the key to the development of all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries(ASSLIBs). Herein, uniform nanorod structured CeO_(2) fillers were controllably synthesized by electrospinning, which were subsequently filled into PEO polymer to prepare CeO_(2)/PEO solid composite electrolyte. The addition of CeO_(2) nanorods can reduce both the glass transition temperature and the melting point of PEO polymer, and also interact with PEO and lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulphonyl)imide(LITFSI) by Lewis acid—base reaction. Therefore, the solid composite electrolyte exhibits a high ionic conductivity of 4.52 × 10^(-4)S/cm, a wide electrochemical stability window of about 4.8 V, and a good interfacial stability with Li at 55℃. Moreover, the LiFePO_4/Li ASSLIB divulges the discharging specific capacity of 165, 162, 156 and 146 mA,h/g at 0.2, 0.5, 1 and 2 C, respectively, and achieves the capacity retention of 90.3% after 150 cycles at 0.5 C. Consequently, one dimensional CeO_(2) nanorods can be considered as an alternative filler for polymeric solid electrolyte.展开更多
Seeking for composite electrolytes reinforced all-solid-state sodium ion batteries with superior long lifespan and rate performance remains a great challenge.Here,a unique strategy to tailor the architecture of compos...Seeking for composite electrolytes reinforced all-solid-state sodium ion batteries with superior long lifespan and rate performance remains a great challenge.Here,a unique strategy to tailor the architecture of composite electrolyte via inserting polymer chains into a small quantity of sulfate sodium grafted C_(48)0H_(28)O_(32)Zr_(6)(UIOSNa)is proposed.The intimate contact between polymer segments and UIOSNa with limited pore size facilitates the anion immobilization of sodium salts and reduction of polymer crystallinity,thereby providing rapid ion conduction and reducing the adverse effect caused by the immigration of anions.The tNa+grafting of-SO_(3)Na groups on fillers allows the free movement of more sodium ions to further improve and ionic conductivity.Consequently,even with the low content of UIOSNa fillers,a high ionic conductivity of 6.62×10^(-4) S·cm^(-1) at 60℃ and a transference number of 0.67 for the special designed composite electrolyte are achieved.The assembled all-solid-state sodium cell exhibits a remarkable rate performance for 500 cycles with 95.96%capacity retention at a high current rate of 4 C.The corresponding pouch cell can stably work for 1000 cycles with 97.03%capacity retention at 1 C,which is superior to most of the reported composite electrolytes in the literature.展开更多
Electrolyte interface resistance and low ionic conductivity are essential issues for commercializing solid-state lithium metal batteries(SSLMBs).This work details the fabrication of a double-layer solid composite elec...Electrolyte interface resistance and low ionic conductivity are essential issues for commercializing solid-state lithium metal batteries(SSLMBs).This work details the fabrication of a double-layer solid composite electrolyte(DLSCE)for SSLMBs.The composite comprises poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene)(PVDF-HFP)and poly(methyl methacrylate)(PMMA)combined with 10 wt.%of Li_(6.4)La_(3)Zr_(1.4)Ta_(0.6)O_(12)(LLZTO),synthesized through an ultraviolet curing process.The ionic conductivity of the DLSCE(2.6×10^(-4) S·cm^(-1))at room temperature is the high lithium-ion transference number(0.57),and the tensile strength is 17.8 MPa.When this DLSCE was assembled,the resulted LFP/DLSCE/Li battery exhibited excellent rate performance,with the discharge specific capacities of 162.4,146.9,93.6,and 64.0 mA·h·g^(-1) at 0.1,0.2,0.5,and 1 C,respectively.Furthermore,the DLScE demonstrates remarkable stability with lithium metal batteries,facilitating the stable operation of a Li/Li symmetric battery for over 200 h at both 0.1 and 0.2 mA-cm-2.Notably,the formation of lithium dendrites is also effectively inhibited during cycling.This work provides a novel design strategy and preparation method for solid composite electrolytes.展开更多
Composite solid-state electrolytes represent a critical pathway that balances the interface compatibility and lithium-ion conductivity in all-solid-state batteries.The quest for stable and highly ion-conductive combin...Composite solid-state electrolytes represent a critical pathway that balances the interface compatibility and lithium-ion conductivity in all-solid-state batteries.The quest for stable and highly ion-conductive combinations between polymers and fillers is vital,but blind attempts are often made due to a lack of understanding of the mechanisms involved in the interaction between polymers and fillers.Herein,we employ in-situ polymerization to prepare a polymer based on an ether-nitrile copolymer with high cathode stability as the foundation and discuss the performance enhancement mechanisms of argyrodite and nano-alumina.With 1%content of sulfide interacting with the polymer at the two-phase interface,the local enhancement of lithium-ion migration capability can be achieved,avoiding the reduction in capacity due to the low ion conductivity of the passivation layer during cycling.The capacity retention after 50cycles at 0.5 C increases from 83.5%to 94.4%.Nano-alumina,through anchoring the anions and interface inhibition functions,eventually poses an initial discharge capacity of 136.8 m A h g^(-1)at 0.5 C and extends the cycling time to 1000 h without short-circuiting in lithium metal batteries.Through the combined action of dual fillers on the composite solid-state electrolyte,promising insights are provided for future material design.展开更多
Composite solid electrolytes(CSEs)have emerged as promising candidates for safe and high-energy–density solid-state lithium metal batteries(SSLMBs).However,concurrently achieving exceptional ionic conductivity and in...Composite solid electrolytes(CSEs)have emerged as promising candidates for safe and high-energy–density solid-state lithium metal batteries(SSLMBs).However,concurrently achieving exceptional ionic conductivity and interface compatibility between the electrolyte and electrode presents a significant challenge in the development of high-performance CSEs for SSLMBs.To overcome these challenges,we present a method involving the in-situ polymerization of a monomer within a self-supported porous Li_(6.4)La_(3)Zr_(1.4)Ta_(0.6)O_(12)(LLZT)to produce the CSE.The synergy of the continuous conductive LLZT network,well-organized polymer,and their interface can enhance the ionic conductivity of the CSE at room temperature.Furthermore,the in-situ polymerization process can also con-struct the integration and compatibility of the solid electrolyte–solid electrode interface.The synthesized CSE exhibited a high ionic conductivity of 1.117 mS cm^(-1),a significant lithium transference number of 0.627,and exhibited electrochemical stability up to 5.06 V vs.Li/Li+at 30℃.Moreover,the Li|CSE|LiNi_(0.8)Co_(0.1)Mn_(0.1)O_(2) cell delivered a discharge capacity of 105.1 mAh g^(-1) after 400 cycles at 0.5 C and 30℃,corresponding to a capacity retention of 61%.This methodology could be extended to a variety of ceramic,polymer electrolytes,or battery systems,thereby offering a viable strategy to improve the electrochemical properties of CSEs for high-energy–density SSLMBs.展开更多
Solid-state lithium metal batteries(SSLMBs)show great promise in terms of high-energy-density and high-safety performance.However,there is an urgent need to address the compatibility of electrolytes with high-voltage ...Solid-state lithium metal batteries(SSLMBs)show great promise in terms of high-energy-density and high-safety performance.However,there is an urgent need to address the compatibility of electrolytes with high-voltage cathodes/Li anodes,and to minimize the electrolyte thickness to achieve highenergy-density of SSLMBs.Herein,we develop an ultrathin(12.6μm)asymmetric composite solid-state electrolyte with ultralight areal density(1.69 mg cm^(−2))for SSLMBs.The electrolyte combining a garnet(LLZO)layer and a metal organic framework(MOF)layer,which are fabricated on both sides of the polyethylene(PE)separator separately by tape casting.The PE separator endows the electrolyte with flexibility and excellent mechanical properties.The LLZO layer on the cathode side ensures high chemical stability at high voltage.The MOF layer on the anode side achieves a stable electric field and uniform Li flux,thus promoting uniform Li^(+)deposition.Thanks to the well-designed structure,the Li symmetric battery exhibits an ultralong cycle life(5000 h),and high-voltage SSLMBs achieve stable cycle performance.The assembled pouch cells provided a gravimetric/volume energy density of 344.0 Wh kg^(−1)/773.1 Wh L^(−1).This simple operation allows for large-scale preparation,and the design concept of ultrathin asymmetric structure also reveals the future development direction of SSLMBs.展开更多
Thin and flexible composite solid-state electrolyte(SSE) is considered to be a prospective candidate for lithium-oxygen(Li-O_(2)) batteries with the aim to address the problems of unsatisfied safety, terrible durabili...Thin and flexible composite solid-state electrolyte(SSE) is considered to be a prospective candidate for lithium-oxygen(Li-O_(2)) batteries with the aim to address the problems of unsatisfied safety, terrible durability as well as inferior electrochemical performance. Herein, in order to improve the safety and durability, a succinonitrile(SN) modified composite SSE is proposed. In this SSE, SN is introduced for eliminating the boundary between ceramic particles, increasing the amorphous region of polymer and ensuring fast ionic transport. Subsequently, the symmetric battery based on the proposed SSE achieves a long cycle life of 3000 h. Moreover, the elaborate cathode interface through the SN participation effectively reduces the barriers to the combination between lithium ions and electrons, facilitating the corresponding electrochemical reactions.As a result, the solid-state Li-O_(2)battery based on this SSE and tuned cathode interface achieves improved electrochemical performance including large specific capacity over 12,000 m Ah g^(-1), enhanced rate capacity as well as stable cycle life of 54 cycles at room temperature. This ingenious design provides a new orientation for the evolution of solid-state Li-O_(2)batteries.展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22279070,U21A20170 and 22175106)the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(Nos.2019YFA0705703,2021YFB2501900 and 2019YFE0100200)+1 种基金the Tsinghua University Initiative Scientific Research Program(20223080001)the Tsinghua-Foshan Innovation Special Fund(2021THFS0216)。
文摘Solid-state electrolytes(SSEs)are widely considered the essential components for upcoming rechargeable lithium-ion batteries owing to the potential for great safety and energy density.Among them,polymer solid-state electrolytes(PSEs)are competitive candidates for replacing commercial liquid electrolytes due to their flexibility,shape versatility and easy machinability.Despite the rapid development of PSEs,their practical application still faces obstacles including poor ionic conductivity,narrow electrochemical stable window and inferior mechanical strength.Polymer/inorganic composite electrolytes(PIEs)formed by adding ceramic fillers in PSEs merge the benefits of PSEs and inorganic solid-state electrolytes(ISEs),exhibiting appreciable comprehensive properties due to the abundant interfaces with unique characteristics.Some PIEs are highly compatible with high-voltage cathode and lithium metal anode,which offer desirable access to obtaining lithium metal batteries with high energy density.This review elucidates the current issues and recent advances in PIEs.The performance of PIEs was remarkably influenced by the characteristics of the fillers including type,content,morphology,arrangement and surface groups.We focus on the molecular interaction between different components in the composite environment for designing high-performance PIEs.Finally,the obstacles and opportunities for creating high-performance PIEs are outlined.This review aims to provide some theoretical guidance and direction for the development of PIEs.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52203066,51973157,61904123,51873152)the Tianjin Natural Science Foundation(18JCQNJC02900)+3 种基金the Science and Technology Plans of Tianjin(19PTSYJC00010)the Tianjin Research Innovation Project for Postgraduate Students(2021YJSB234)the Science&Technology Development Fund of Tianjin Education Commission for Higher Education(2018KJ196)State Key Laboratory of Membrane and Membrane Separation,Tiangong University。
文摘All-solid-state electrolytes are exceedingly attractive because of the outstanding inherent safety and energy density compared to liquid electrolytes.Whereas,it is still formidable to simultaneously design solid electrolytes with favorable electrode/electrolyte interface compatibility and high ionic conductivity in a simple and scalable manner.Hence,the oxygen-vacancy-rich Gd-doped SnO_(2) nanotubes(GDS NTs)are innovatively prepared and applied to the electrolyte of all-solid-state lithium metal batteries for the first time.The addition of GDS NTs can validly construct long-range co ntinuous ion transport networks in the poly(ethylene oxide)(PEO)-based system and greatly improve the mechanical properties of the electrolyte.Compared to the PEO-based electrolyte,the composite electrolyte displays a higher lithium ion conductivity of 2.41×10^(-4) S cm^(-1) at 30℃,a higher lithium ion transference number up to 0.62 and a wider electrochemical window of 5 V at 50℃.In addition,the composite electrolyte manifests outstanding compatibility with high-voltage LiNi_(0.8)Mn_(0.1)Co_(0.1)O_(2)(NMC811)cathode,LiFePO4 cathode and lithium metal anode.The assembled Li/Li symmetric battery exhibits stable Li plating/stripping cycling performance,which can cycle steadily for 1500 h at a capacity of 0.3 mA h cm^(-2).And Li/LiFePO4 battery still maintains a high capacity of 131.54 mA h g^(-1) at 0.5C after 800 cycles,which has a superior capacity retention rate of 93.2%.The obtained novel composite electrolyte has promising application prospects in the field of all-solid-state lithium metal cells.
基金funded by a 2020 research Grant from Sangmyung University.
文摘The use a stabilized lithium structure as cathode material for batteries could be a fundamental alternative in the development of next-generation energy storage devices.However,the lithium structure severely limits battery life causes safety concerns due to the growth of lithium(Li)dendrites during rapid charge/discharge cycles.Solid electrolytes,which are used in highdensity energy storage devices and avoid the instability of liquid electrolytes,can be a promising alternative for next-generation batteries.Nevertheless,poor lithium ion conductivity and structural defects at room temperature have been pointed out as limitations.In this study,through the application of a low-dimensional graphene quantum dot(GQD)layer structure,stable operation characteristics were demonstrated based on Li^(+)ion conductivity and excellent electrochemical performance.Moreover,the device based on the modified graphene quantum dots(GQDs)in solid state exhibited retention properties of 95.3%for 100 cycles at 0.5 C and room temperature(RT).Transmission electronmicroscopy analysis was performed to elucidate the Li^(+)ion action mechanism in the modified GQD/electrolyte heterostructure.The low-dimensional structure of theGQD-based solid electrolyte has provided an important strategy for stably-scalable solid-state lithium battery applications at room temperature.It was demonstrated that lithiated graphene quantum dots(Li-GQDs)inhibit the growth of Li dendrites by regulating the modified Li^(+)ion flux during charge/discharge cycling at current densities of 2.2–5.5 mA cm,acting as a modified Li diffusion heterointerface.A full Li GQDbased device was fabricated to demonstrate the practicality of the modified Li structure using the Li–GQD hetero-interface.This study indicates that the low-dimensional carbon structure in Li–GQDs can be an effective approach for stabilization of solid-state Li matrix architecture.
基金the Basic Science Research Program(2018M3D1A1058744,2021R1A5A6002853,2021R1A2B5B03001615,and 2022M3J1A1085397)through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)grant by the Korean Government(MSIT)provided by KISTI(KSC-2020-CRE-0301)supported by the Hyundai NGV program。
文摘Despite the enormous interest in inorganic/polymer composite solid-state electrolytes(CSEs)for solid-state batteries(SSBs),the underlying ion transport phenomena in CSEs have not yet been elucidated.Here,we address this issue by formulating a mechanistic understanding of bi-percolating ion channels formation and ion conduction across inorganic-polymer electrolyte interfaces in CSEs.A model CSE is composed of argyrodite-type Li_6PS_5Cl(LPSCl)and gel polymer electrolyte(GPE,including Li~+-glyme complex as an ion-conducting medium).The percolation threshold of the LPSCl phase in the CSE strongly depends on the elasticity of the GPE phase.Additionally,manipulating the solvation/desolvation behavior of the Li~+-glyme complex in the GPE facilitates ion conduction across the LPSCl-GPE interface.The resulting scalable CSE(area=8×6(cm×cm),thickness~40μm)can be assembled with a high-mass-loading LiNi_(0.7)Co_(0.15)Mn_(0.15)O_(2)cathode(areal-mass-loading=39 mg cm~(-2))and a graphite anode(negative(N)/positive(P)capacity ratio=1.1)in order to fabricate an SSB full cell with bi-cell configuration.Under this constrained cell condition,the SSB full cell exhibits high volumetric energy density(480 Wh L_(cell)~(-1))and stable cyclability at 25℃,far exceeding the values reported by previous CSE-based SSBs.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (52102198)the Key R&D and Promotion Projects of Henan Province (212102310016)+1 种基金the Initial Scientific Research Fund of Ph.D.in Anyang Institute of Technology (BSJ2021043)the Initial Scientific Research Fund of Postdoctor in Anyang Institute of Technology (BHJ2022008)。
文摘Composite polymer electrolytes(CPEs)are considered to be the most promising to break through the performance and safety limitations of traditional lithium-ion batteries because of their excellent electrochemical and mechanical properties.Aiming at the performance limitations of the most common polyether matrix such as poly(ethylene oxide)(PEO),a novel poly(cyclocarbonate-ether)polymer matrix was prepared by in-situ thermal curing,the weaker interaction between its C=O bond and Li^(+)can promote the rapid transport of Li^(+).Adding ionic liquid and active filler LLZTO to the matrix can synergistically reduce the crystallinity of matrix and promote the dissociation of lithium salts.In addition,a 3D functional skeleton made of polyacrylonitrile(PAN)and lithium fluoride(LiF)can greatly improve the mechanical strength of polymer matrix after cold pressing,and Li F is also conducive to interface stability.The thickness of the optimal sample(VP6L/CPL)was only 25μm,and its ionic conductivity,lithium ion transference number,and electrochemical stability window were as high as 7.17×10^(-4)S cm^(-1)(25℃),0.54 and 5.4 V,respectively,while the mechanical strength reaches 6.1 MPa,which can fully inhibit the growth of lithium dendrites.The excellent electrochemical performance and mechanical strength enable the assembled Li|VP6L/CPL|Li battery to be continuously charged for over 200 h and cycled stably for more than 2300 h,and Li|VP6L/CPL|LFP battery can be stably cycled for more than 400 and 550 cycles at 1 C(40℃)and 0.5 C(25℃),respectively.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.21875071)the National Natural Science Foundation of China-Hong Kong Research Grant Council(NSFC-RGC)Joint Research Scheme(Grant No.21661162002 and N_HKUST601/16)the Guangzhou Scientific and Technological Planning Project(Grant No.201704030061)。
文摘Solid polymer electrolytes(SPEs), such as polyethylene oxide(PEO), are characteristic of good flexibility and excellent processability, but they suffer from low ionic conductivity and small Li+transference number at ambient temperature. Inorganic solid electrolytes(ISEs), garnet-type Li7La3Zr2O12 and its derivatives(LLZO-based) in particular, possess high ionic conductivity at room temperature, wide electrochemical stability window, large Li+transference number as well as good stability against Li metal anode.Nevertheless, lithium dendrites growth, interfacial contact issue and brittle nature of LLZO-based ceramic electrolytes prevent their practical applications. In response to these shortcomings, LLZO-based/polymer solid composite electrolytes(SCEs), taking complementary advantages of two kinds of electrolytes, and thus simultaneously improving the electrode wettability, ionic conductivity and mechanical strength, have been made to develop high-performance SCEs in recent years. Herein, the intrinsic properties and research progress of LLZO-based/polymer SCEs, including LLZO-based/PEO SCEs(LLZO-based/PEO SCEs with uniform dispersion of LLZO-based fillers and LLZO-based/PEO layered SCEs) and LLZO-based/novel polymers SCEs, are summarized. Besides, comprehensive updates on their applications in solid-state batteries are also presented. Finally, challenges and perspectives of LLZO-based/polymer SCEs for advanced allsolid-state lithium batteries(ASSLBs) are suggested. This review paper aims to provide systematic research progress of LLZO-based/polymer SCEs, to allow for more efficient and target-oriented research on improving LLZO-based/polymer SCEs.
基金financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21701083)Zhenjiang Key Laboratory of Marine Power Equipment Performance(SS2018006)+1 种基金The Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(No.SJCX19_0612)Project of Jiangsu University(High-Tech Ship)Collaborative Innovation Center(2019,1174871801-11).
文摘Anion-immobilized solid composite electrolytes(SCEs)are important to restrain the propagation of lithium dendrites for all solid-state lithium metal batteries(ASSLMBs).Herein,a novel SCEs based on metal-organic frameworks(MOFs,UiO-66-NH_(2))and superacid ZrO_(2)(S-ZrO_(2))fillers are proposed,and the samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscope(SEM),energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDS),thermo-gravimetric analyzer(TGA)and some other electrochemical measurements.The-NH_(2) groups of UiO-66-NH_(2) combines with F atoms of poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene)(PVDF-HFP)chains by hydrogen bonds,leading to a high electrochemical stability window of 5 V.Owing to the incorporation of UiO-66-NH_(2) and S-ZrO_(2) in PVDF-HFP polymer,the open metal sites of MOFs and acid surfaces of S-ZrO_(2) can immobilize anions by strong Lewis acid-base interaction,which enhances the effect of immobilization anions,achieving a high Li-ion transference number(t_(+))of 0.72,and acquiring a high ionic conductivity of 1.05×10^(-4) S·cm^(-1) at 60℃.The symmetrical Li/Li cells with the anion-immobilized SCEs may steadily operate for over 600 h at 0.05 mA·cm^(-2) without the shortcircuit occurring.Besides,the solid composite Li/LiFePO_(4)(LFP)cell with the anion-immobilized SCEs shows a superior discharge specific capacity of 158 mAh·g^(-1) at 0.2 C.The results illustrate that the anion-immobilized SCEs are one of the most promising choices to optimize the performances of ASSLMBs.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.21673051)the Department of Science and Technology of Guangdong Province,China(No.2019A050510043).
文摘Compared with commercial lithium batteries with liquid electrolytes,all-solidstate lithium batteries(ASSLBs)possess the advantages of higher safety,better electrochemical stability,higher energy density,and longer cycle life;therefore,ASSLBs have been identified as promising candidates for next-generation safe and stable high-energy-storage devices.The design and fabrication of solid-state electrolytes(SSEs)are vital for the future commercialization of ASSLBs.Among various SSEs,solid polymer composite electrolytes(SPCEs)consisting of inorganic nanofillers and polymer matrix have shown great application prospects in the practice of ASSLBs.The incorporation of inorganic nanofillers into the polymer matrix has been considered as a crucial method to achieve high ionic conductivity for SPCE.In this review,the mechanisms of Li+transport variation caused by incorporating inorganic nanofillers into the polymer matrix are discussed in detail.On the basis of the recent progress,the respective contributions of polymer chains,passive ceramic nanofillers,and active ceramic nanofillers in affecting the Li+transport process of SPCE are reviewed systematically.The inherent relationship between the morphological characteristics of inorganic nanofillers and the ionic conductivity of the resultant SPCE is discussed.Finally,the challenges and future perspectives for developing high-performance SPCE are put forward.This review aims to provide possible strategies for the further improvement of ionic conductivity in inorganic nanoscale filler-reinforced SPCE and highlight their inspiration for future research directions.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52074359,51904342,U19A2019)the Hunan Provincial Science and Technology Plan(2020JJ3048)+2 种基金the Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province(2020RC4005,2019RS1004)the science and technology plan key project of Hunan Province(2020GK2100)the Innovation Mover Program of Central South University(2020CX007)。
文摘All-solid-state lithium batteries(ASSLBs)are recognized as high energy density batteries system without safety issues within the next generation of batteries.The development of solid electrolytes is the crucial step of ASSLBs.The composite electrolyte has stable physical and electrochemical characteristics,and its comprehensive performance surpasses the individual solid electrolyte,bringing unique vitality to the solid electrolyte.However,their intrinsic weakness limits the development of composite electrolytes.In this review,we provide a comprehensive and in-depth understanding of the challenges and opportunities of composite electrolytes,with special focus on mechanisms of ion transport,nanostructure design towards high ionic conductivity,interfacial issues within electrolytes and electrodes.Furthermore,future development is prospected,which can shed light on researchers in this field and accelerate the industrial production of composite electrolytes.
基金financially supported partly by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFE0111600)the Tianjin Sci.&Tech.Program(17YFZCGX00560)the Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by Tianjin(TJSQNTJ-2017-05)。
文摘Lithium metal is one of the most promising anodes for next-generation batteries due to its high capacity and low reduction potential.However,the notorious Li dendrites can cause the short life span and safety issues,hindering the extensive application of lithium batteries.Herein,Li_(7)La_(3)Zr_(2)O_(12)(LLZO)ceramics are integrated into polyethylene oxide(PEO)to construct a facile polymer/inorganic composite solid-state electrolyte(CSSE)to inhibit the growth of Li dendrites and widen the electrochemical stability window.Given the feasibility of our strategy,the designed PEO-LLZO-LiTFSI composite solid-state electrolyte(PLLCSSE)exhibits an outstanding cycling property of 134.2 mAh g^(-1) after 500 cycles and the Coulombic efficiency of 99.1%after 1000 cycles at 1 C in LiFePO_(4)-Li cell.When cooperated with LiNi_(0.6)Co_(0.2)Mn_(0.2)O_(2)(NCM622)cathode,the PLL-CSSE renders a capacity retention of 82.4%after 200 cycles at 0.2 C.More importantly,the uniform dispersion of LLZO in PEO matrix is tentative tested via Raman and FT-IR spectra and should be responsible for the improved electrochemical performance.The same conclusion can be drawn from the interface investigation after cycling.This work presents an intriguing solid-state electrolyte with high electrochemical performance,which will boost the development of all-solid-state lithium batteries with high energy density.
基金This work was supported partially by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51973171)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2019M663687)+1 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52105587),the Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites(oic-202001003)the University Joint Project-Key Projects of Shaanxi Province(No.2021GXLH-Z-042).
文摘The rapid improvement in the gel polymer electrolytes(GPEs)with high ionic conductivity brought it closer to practical applications in solid-state Li-metal batteries.The combination of solvent and polymer enables quasi-liquid fast ion transport in the GPEs.However,different ion transport capacity between solvent and polymer will cause local nonuniform Li+distribution,leading to severe dendrite growth.In addition,the poor thermal stability of the solvent also limits the operating-temperature window of the electrolytes.Optimizing the ion transport environment and enhancing the thermal stability are two major challenges that hinder the application of GPEs.Here,a strategy by introducing ion-conducting arrays(ICA)is created by vertical-aligned montmorillonite into GPE.Rapid ion transport on the ICA was demonstrated by 6Li solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance and synchrotron X-ray diffraction,combined with computer simulations to visualize the transport process.Compared with conventional randomly dispersed fillers,ICA provides continuous interfaces to regulate the ion transport environment and enhances the tolerance of GPEs to extreme temperatures.Therefore,GPE/ICA exhibits high room-temperature ionic conductivity(1.08 mS cm^(−1))and long-term stable Li deposition/stripping cycles(>1000 h).As a final proof,Li||GPE/ICA||LiFePO_(4) cells exhibit excellent cycle performance at wide temperature range(from 0 to 60°C),which shows a promising path toward all-weather practical solid-state batteries.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.21875071)the Guangzhou Scientific and Technological Planning Project(Grant No.201704030061)the Guangdong Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2019B090908001)。
文摘Solid electrolytes with desirable properties such as high ionic conductivity,wide electrochemical stable window,and suitable mechanical strength,and stable electrode-electrolyte interfaces on both cathode and anode side are essential for high-voltage all-solid-state lithium batteries(ASSLBs)to achieve excellent cycle stability.In this work,a novel strategy of using LiF and LiNO_(3) as synergistic additives to boost the performance of PEO-PVDF/LLZTO-based composite solid electrolytes(CSEs)is developed,which also promotes the assembled high-voltage ASSLBs with dual-interfaces stability characteristic.Specifically,LiF as an inactive additive can increase the electrochemical stability of the CSE under high cut-off voltage,and improve the high-voltage compatibility between cathode and CSE,thus leading to a stable cathode/CSE interface.LiNO_(3) as an active additive can lead to an enhanced ionic conductivity of CSE due to the increased free-mobile Li+and ensure a stable CSE/Li interface by forming stable solid electrolyte interphase(SEI)on Li anode surface.Benefiting from the improved performance of CSE and stable dualinterfaces,the assembled NCM622/9[PEO_(15)-LiTFSI]-PVDF-15 LLZTO-2 LiF-3 LiNO_(3)/Li cell delivers a high rate capacity of 102.1 mAh g^(-1) at 1.0 C and a high capacity retention of 77.4%after 200 cycles at 0.5 C,which are much higher than those of the ASSLB assembled with additive-free CSE,with only 60.0 mAh g^(-1) and 52.0%,respectively.Furthermore,novel cycle test modes of resting for 5 h at different charge states after every 5 cycles are designed to investigate the high-voltage compatibility between cathode and CSE,and the results suggest that LiF additive can actually improve the high-voltage compatibility of cathode and CSE.All the obtained results confirm that the strategy of using synergistic additives in CSE is an effective way to achieve high-voltage ASSLBs with dual-interfaces stability.
基金financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant no.2016YFB0100100)Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant no.XDA17020404)+2 种基金Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant no.XDA09010203)R&D Projects in Key Areas of Guangdong Province(Grant no.2019B090908001)DICP&QIBEBT(Grant no.DICP&QIBEBT UN201702)。
文摘Single-ion conducting solid polymer electrolytes are expected to play a vital role in the realization of solid-state Li metal batteries.In this work,a lithiated Nafion(Li-Nafion)-garnet ceramic Li6.25La3 Zr2 Al0.25O12(LLZAO)composite solid electrolyte(CSE)membrane with 30μm thickness was prepared for the first time.By employing X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and transmission electron microscope,the interaction between LLZAO and Li-Nafion was investigated.It is found that the LLZAO interacts with the Li-Nafion to form a space charge layer at the interface between LLZAO and Li-Nafion.The space charge layer reduces the migration barrier of Li-ions and improves the ionic conductivity of the CSE membrane.The CSE membrane containing 10 wt%LLZAO exhibits the highest ionic conductivity of2.26×10-4 S cm-1 at 30℃among the pristine Li-Nafion membrane,the membrane containing 5 wt%,20 wt%,and 30 wt%LLZAO,respectively.It also exhibits a high Li-ion transference number of 0.92,and a broader electrochemical window of 0-+4.8 V vs.Li+/Li than that of 0-+4.0 V vs.Li+/Li for the pristine Li-Nafion membrane.It is observed that the CSE membrane not only inhibits the growth of Li dendrites but also keeps excellent electrochemical stability with the Li electrode.Benefitting from the above merits,the solid-state LiFePO4/Li cell fabricated with the CSE membrane was practically charged and discharged at 30℃.The cell exhibits an initial reversible discharge specific capacity of 160 mAh g-1 with 97%capacity retention after 100 cycles at 0.2 C,and maintains discharge specific capacity of 126 mAh g-1 after500 cycles at 1 C.The CSE membrane prepared with Li-Nafion and LLZAO is proved to be a promising solid electrolyte for advanced solid-state Li metal batteries.
基金Project supported by the Education Department of Henan Province(22A170017)the Science and Technology Department of Henan Province(232102240011)+1 种基金Henan Institute of Science and Technology(2016034)National College Students'Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program(202211071012)。
文摘The research of poly(ethylene oxide)(PEO)-based solid composite electrolyte with high ionic conductivity and excellent interfacial stability is the key to the development of all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries(ASSLIBs). Herein, uniform nanorod structured CeO_(2) fillers were controllably synthesized by electrospinning, which were subsequently filled into PEO polymer to prepare CeO_(2)/PEO solid composite electrolyte. The addition of CeO_(2) nanorods can reduce both the glass transition temperature and the melting point of PEO polymer, and also interact with PEO and lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulphonyl)imide(LITFSI) by Lewis acid—base reaction. Therefore, the solid composite electrolyte exhibits a high ionic conductivity of 4.52 × 10^(-4)S/cm, a wide electrochemical stability window of about 4.8 V, and a good interfacial stability with Li at 55℃. Moreover, the LiFePO_4/Li ASSLIB divulges the discharging specific capacity of 165, 162, 156 and 146 mA,h/g at 0.2, 0.5, 1 and 2 C, respectively, and achieves the capacity retention of 90.3% after 150 cycles at 0.5 C. Consequently, one dimensional CeO_(2) nanorods can be considered as an alternative filler for polymeric solid electrolyte.
基金supported by Basic and Applied Basic Research Project of Guangdong Province(Nos.2022A1515011438 ,2023A1515011055)Basic Research Project of the Science and Technology Innovation Commission of Shenzhen(No.JCYJ20220531101013028)Key Project of Shenzhen Basic Research(No.JCYJ2022081800003006).
文摘Seeking for composite electrolytes reinforced all-solid-state sodium ion batteries with superior long lifespan and rate performance remains a great challenge.Here,a unique strategy to tailor the architecture of composite electrolyte via inserting polymer chains into a small quantity of sulfate sodium grafted C_(48)0H_(28)O_(32)Zr_(6)(UIOSNa)is proposed.The intimate contact between polymer segments and UIOSNa with limited pore size facilitates the anion immobilization of sodium salts and reduction of polymer crystallinity,thereby providing rapid ion conduction and reducing the adverse effect caused by the immigration of anions.The tNa+grafting of-SO_(3)Na groups on fillers allows the free movement of more sodium ions to further improve and ionic conductivity.Consequently,even with the low content of UIOSNa fillers,a high ionic conductivity of 6.62×10^(-4) S·cm^(-1) at 60℃ and a transference number of 0.67 for the special designed composite electrolyte are achieved.The assembled all-solid-state sodium cell exhibits a remarkable rate performance for 500 cycles with 95.96%capacity retention at a high current rate of 4 C.The corresponding pouch cell can stably work for 1000 cycles with 97.03%capacity retention at 1 C,which is superior to most of the reported composite electrolytes in the literature.
基金supported by the Liuzhou Science and Technology Fund Project(Grant No.2023PRj0103)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52161033 and 22262005)+1 种基金the Guangxi Key Laboratory of Automobile Components and Vehicle Technology Fund Project(Grant Nos.2022GKLACVTKF02 and 2023GKLACVTZZ02)the Fund Project of the Key Lab of Guangdong Science and Technology Innovation Strategy Special Fund Project in 2023(Grant No.pdjh2023a0819).
文摘Electrolyte interface resistance and low ionic conductivity are essential issues for commercializing solid-state lithium metal batteries(SSLMBs).This work details the fabrication of a double-layer solid composite electrolyte(DLSCE)for SSLMBs.The composite comprises poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene)(PVDF-HFP)and poly(methyl methacrylate)(PMMA)combined with 10 wt.%of Li_(6.4)La_(3)Zr_(1.4)Ta_(0.6)O_(12)(LLZTO),synthesized through an ultraviolet curing process.The ionic conductivity of the DLSCE(2.6×10^(-4) S·cm^(-1))at room temperature is the high lithium-ion transference number(0.57),and the tensile strength is 17.8 MPa.When this DLSCE was assembled,the resulted LFP/DLSCE/Li battery exhibited excellent rate performance,with the discharge specific capacities of 162.4,146.9,93.6,and 64.0 mA·h·g^(-1) at 0.1,0.2,0.5,and 1 C,respectively.Furthermore,the DLScE demonstrates remarkable stability with lithium metal batteries,facilitating the stable operation of a Li/Li symmetric battery for over 200 h at both 0.1 and 0.2 mA-cm-2.Notably,the formation of lithium dendrites is also effectively inhibited during cycling.This work provides a novel design strategy and preparation method for solid composite electrolytes.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(No.19DZ2270100),China。
文摘Composite solid-state electrolytes represent a critical pathway that balances the interface compatibility and lithium-ion conductivity in all-solid-state batteries.The quest for stable and highly ion-conductive combinations between polymers and fillers is vital,but blind attempts are often made due to a lack of understanding of the mechanisms involved in the interaction between polymers and fillers.Herein,we employ in-situ polymerization to prepare a polymer based on an ether-nitrile copolymer with high cathode stability as the foundation and discuss the performance enhancement mechanisms of argyrodite and nano-alumina.With 1%content of sulfide interacting with the polymer at the two-phase interface,the local enhancement of lithium-ion migration capability can be achieved,avoiding the reduction in capacity due to the low ion conductivity of the passivation layer during cycling.The capacity retention after 50cycles at 0.5 C increases from 83.5%to 94.4%.Nano-alumina,through anchoring the anions and interface inhibition functions,eventually poses an initial discharge capacity of 136.8 m A h g^(-1)at 0.5 C and extends the cycling time to 1000 h without short-circuiting in lithium metal batteries.Through the combined action of dual fillers on the composite solid-state electrolyte,promising insights are provided for future material design.
基金supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the MSIT,Korea (No. 2018R1A5A1025224 and No. 2019R1A2C1084020)this research received funding support from a grant from the Korea Planning&Evaluation Institute of Industrial Technology (KEIT),funded by the MOTIE of Korea (No. 10077287)。
文摘Composite solid electrolytes(CSEs)have emerged as promising candidates for safe and high-energy–density solid-state lithium metal batteries(SSLMBs).However,concurrently achieving exceptional ionic conductivity and interface compatibility between the electrolyte and electrode presents a significant challenge in the development of high-performance CSEs for SSLMBs.To overcome these challenges,we present a method involving the in-situ polymerization of a monomer within a self-supported porous Li_(6.4)La_(3)Zr_(1.4)Ta_(0.6)O_(12)(LLZT)to produce the CSE.The synergy of the continuous conductive LLZT network,well-organized polymer,and their interface can enhance the ionic conductivity of the CSE at room temperature.Furthermore,the in-situ polymerization process can also con-struct the integration and compatibility of the solid electrolyte–solid electrode interface.The synthesized CSE exhibited a high ionic conductivity of 1.117 mS cm^(-1),a significant lithium transference number of 0.627,and exhibited electrochemical stability up to 5.06 V vs.Li/Li+at 30℃.Moreover,the Li|CSE|LiNi_(0.8)Co_(0.1)Mn_(0.1)O_(2) cell delivered a discharge capacity of 105.1 mAh g^(-1) after 400 cycles at 0.5 C and 30℃,corresponding to a capacity retention of 61%.This methodology could be extended to a variety of ceramic,polymer electrolytes,or battery systems,thereby offering a viable strategy to improve the electrochemical properties of CSEs for high-energy–density SSLMBs.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22178120)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2022TQ0173,2023M731922,2022M720076,BX20220182,2023M731921,2023M731919,2023M741919).
文摘Solid-state lithium metal batteries(SSLMBs)show great promise in terms of high-energy-density and high-safety performance.However,there is an urgent need to address the compatibility of electrolytes with high-voltage cathodes/Li anodes,and to minimize the electrolyte thickness to achieve highenergy-density of SSLMBs.Herein,we develop an ultrathin(12.6μm)asymmetric composite solid-state electrolyte with ultralight areal density(1.69 mg cm^(−2))for SSLMBs.The electrolyte combining a garnet(LLZO)layer and a metal organic framework(MOF)layer,which are fabricated on both sides of the polyethylene(PE)separator separately by tape casting.The PE separator endows the electrolyte with flexibility and excellent mechanical properties.The LLZO layer on the cathode side ensures high chemical stability at high voltage.The MOF layer on the anode side achieves a stable electric field and uniform Li flux,thus promoting uniform Li^(+)deposition.Thanks to the well-designed structure,the Li symmetric battery exhibits an ultralong cycle life(5000 h),and high-voltage SSLMBs achieve stable cycle performance.The assembled pouch cells provided a gravimetric/volume energy density of 344.0 Wh kg^(−1)/773.1 Wh L^(−1).This simple operation allows for large-scale preparation,and the design concept of ultrathin asymmetric structure also reveals the future development direction of SSLMBs.
基金the partial financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (22075171,21805182 and 22179080)。
文摘Thin and flexible composite solid-state electrolyte(SSE) is considered to be a prospective candidate for lithium-oxygen(Li-O_(2)) batteries with the aim to address the problems of unsatisfied safety, terrible durability as well as inferior electrochemical performance. Herein, in order to improve the safety and durability, a succinonitrile(SN) modified composite SSE is proposed. In this SSE, SN is introduced for eliminating the boundary between ceramic particles, increasing the amorphous region of polymer and ensuring fast ionic transport. Subsequently, the symmetric battery based on the proposed SSE achieves a long cycle life of 3000 h. Moreover, the elaborate cathode interface through the SN participation effectively reduces the barriers to the combination between lithium ions and electrons, facilitating the corresponding electrochemical reactions.As a result, the solid-state Li-O_(2)battery based on this SSE and tuned cathode interface achieves improved electrochemical performance including large specific capacity over 12,000 m Ah g^(-1), enhanced rate capacity as well as stable cycle life of 54 cycles at room temperature. This ingenious design provides a new orientation for the evolution of solid-state Li-O_(2)batteries.