In late July 2018, a compound drought and heat event(CDHE) occurred in the middle of the Yangtze River basin(MYRB) and caused great damage to the national economy. The CDHE over the MYRB has been documented to be link...In late July 2018, a compound drought and heat event(CDHE) occurred in the middle of the Yangtze River basin(MYRB) and caused great damage to the national economy. The CDHE over the MYRB has been documented to be linked with intraseasonal oscillations(ISOs) from different regions. However, specific roles of different ISOs on the development of the CDHE cannot be separated in the observational analysis. By using partial lateral forcing experiments driven by ISO in the Weather Research and Forecasting(WRF) model, we found that the midlatitude ISO generated by a westerly wave train in the upper troposphere played an important role in this heatwave and drought event in the northern MYRB, causing a regional average temperature rise of 1.65°C and intensification of drought over23.49% of the MYRB area. On the other hand, the ISO associated with the Pacific-Japan(PJ)-like teleconnection wave train in the lower troposphere induced a more pronounced impact on the event, causing an average temperature rise of 2.44°C, intensifying drought over 29.62% of the MYRB area. The MYRB was mainly affected by northward warm advection driven by the westward extension of the western North Pacific subtropical high in the early period of the CDHE development. In the late period, because of the establishment of a deep positive geopotential height field through the troposphere leading to intensive local subsidence, there was a remarkable temperature rise and moisture decrease in the MYRB. The results will facilitate a better understanding of the occurrence of CDHE and provide empirical precursory signals for subseasonal forecast of CDHE.展开更多
使用淮河流域1981年至2020年的149个气象站点的气温和相对湿度数据,分析了流域暖季极端高温干旱复合事件(Compound Drought and Heat Events,CDHEs)的时空演变特征,并通过趋势分析和相关分析法探讨了CDHEs与气候和植被的关系。结果表明:...使用淮河流域1981年至2020年的149个气象站点的气温和相对湿度数据,分析了流域暖季极端高温干旱复合事件(Compound Drought and Heat Events,CDHEs)的时空演变特征,并通过趋势分析和相关分析法探讨了CDHEs与气候和植被的关系。结果表明:(1)CDHEs的发生日数在年代际尺度上呈现明显的增加趋势,并且范围扩大,频发区逐渐向淮河流域中西部移动;(2)在年际尺度上,CDHEs随时间序列呈显著的波动上升趋势,空间分布上以西北部为中心向四周递减。连续CDHEs事件呈年际变化,最大2至4天的连续事件存在波动,2019年达到高峰,并且在流域内零散或成片出现;(3)在月际尺度上,CDHEs的发生日数在6月最多,其次是5月、7月、9月和8月。淮河流域入汛前的旱情和入汛后的旱涝急转都容易导致CDHEs发生,而且随着月际变化向南移动;(4)CDHEs对水热条件和大气环流具有特别的敏感性。在850hPa反气旋和500hPa显著高压异常的控制下,高温、低湿、高蒸发和降水少的气候背景有利于淮河地区CDHEs的形成,尤其是在淮河中西部地区。因此,CDHEs的发生与气候变化密切相关;(5)CDHEs与植被生长也存在显著关系。CDHEs与GPP呈显著的负相关,而与NDVI呈显著的正相关,显著地区的土地类型以耕地和城乡、工矿、居民用地为主。GPP和NDVI的不同步可能是因为多种因素的非线性相互作用,而不仅仅是单一因素的影响。此外,对于GPP和NDVI来说,土壤含水量至关重要。总之,本文对淮河流域CDHEs的时空分布特征进行了深入研究,并探讨了其与气候和植被的关系。研究结果可以为该地区的气象灾害防御和生态环境保护提供科学依据和参考。展开更多
由于复合高温干旱事件造成的综合效应远超普通干旱事件,复合高温干旱日益受到人们关注。基于中亚地区1981—2020年欧洲中期天气预报中心的第五代再分析陆地产品(Land Component of the Fifth Generation of European Reanalysis,ERA5-La...由于复合高温干旱事件造成的综合效应远超普通干旱事件,复合高温干旱日益受到人们关注。基于中亚地区1981—2020年欧洲中期天气预报中心的第五代再分析陆地产品(Land Component of the Fifth Generation of European Reanalysis,ERA5-Land)的逐小时温度数据、月尺度潜在蒸散量数据和日尺度多源集成降水产品,计算标准化降水蒸散指数(Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index,SPEI)和日最高温度,识别复合高温干旱事件并分析其特征,得到以下结论:(1)复合高温干旱事件在中亚各地区空间分布上呈非集中趋势,1980年代、1990年代、2000年代和2010年代发生频次较高的区域分别位于东南部、北部、西北部和西部;(2)这些事件的时间分布表现出由大波动变为平稳小波动的趋势,且2020年之后将维持此平稳状态;(3)分析1984、1993、2010、2020年4个复合高温干旱事件典型年份,发现1984年高温干旱主要集中在中亚东南部,1993年仅零星地区偶发,2010年北部多发复合高温干旱事件,2020年则集中于西部地区。展开更多
Abstract The metabolites of tall fescue leaves under normal and drought conditions were analyzed with LC-ESI-MS （ liquid chromatography tandem mass spec- trometry）. A total of 282 metabolites were stably detected in...Abstract The metabolites of tall fescue leaves under normal and drought conditions were analyzed with LC-ESI-MS （ liquid chromatography tandem mass spec- trometry）. A total of 282 metabolites were stably detected in the two groups using OPI.S-DA （orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis） method; 148 of which were down-regulated while 134 were up-regulated. After analyzed with MZ-minc software, 10 major metabolites （4 down, 6 up） were identified through searehing public database. Aromatic compounds, 3-p-eoumaroyll, 5-quinolaetone, aromatic free amino acids, styraxin mad methanofuran, were up-regulated ; grease metabolites, methyl 15-hydroperoxy-9Z, 12Z, 16E-octadecatrienoate, 9,12,13-Tri-HOME （10）, 3-oxo-dodecanoic acid, and 13 （S）-HpOTrE acid ester, were down-regulated; piperanine （alkaloids） was down-regulated while Methyl 7-epi-12-hydroxyjasmonate glucoside （indicant） was up-regulated. In a word, aromatic compounds and liquid metabolites may play vital roles in drought-resistant regulation of tall fescue.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41875111 and 41975073)Special Program for Innovation and Development of China Meteorological Administration(CXFZ2022J031).
文摘In late July 2018, a compound drought and heat event(CDHE) occurred in the middle of the Yangtze River basin(MYRB) and caused great damage to the national economy. The CDHE over the MYRB has been documented to be linked with intraseasonal oscillations(ISOs) from different regions. However, specific roles of different ISOs on the development of the CDHE cannot be separated in the observational analysis. By using partial lateral forcing experiments driven by ISO in the Weather Research and Forecasting(WRF) model, we found that the midlatitude ISO generated by a westerly wave train in the upper troposphere played an important role in this heatwave and drought event in the northern MYRB, causing a regional average temperature rise of 1.65°C and intensification of drought over23.49% of the MYRB area. On the other hand, the ISO associated with the Pacific-Japan(PJ)-like teleconnection wave train in the lower troposphere induced a more pronounced impact on the event, causing an average temperature rise of 2.44°C, intensifying drought over 29.62% of the MYRB area. The MYRB was mainly affected by northward warm advection driven by the westward extension of the western North Pacific subtropical high in the early period of the CDHE development. In the late period, because of the establishment of a deep positive geopotential height field through the troposphere leading to intensive local subsidence, there was a remarkable temperature rise and moisture decrease in the MYRB. The results will facilitate a better understanding of the occurrence of CDHE and provide empirical precursory signals for subseasonal forecast of CDHE.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China[grant number 2022YFC3002801]a key project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China[grant numbers 42120104001 and 42192563]+1 种基金a project of the Center for Ocean Research in Hong Kong and Macao(CORE)the National Natural Science Foundation of China for Youth[grant number 42205191].
文摘使用淮河流域1981年至2020年的149个气象站点的气温和相对湿度数据,分析了流域暖季极端高温干旱复合事件(Compound Drought and Heat Events,CDHEs)的时空演变特征,并通过趋势分析和相关分析法探讨了CDHEs与气候和植被的关系。结果表明:(1)CDHEs的发生日数在年代际尺度上呈现明显的增加趋势,并且范围扩大,频发区逐渐向淮河流域中西部移动;(2)在年际尺度上,CDHEs随时间序列呈显著的波动上升趋势,空间分布上以西北部为中心向四周递减。连续CDHEs事件呈年际变化,最大2至4天的连续事件存在波动,2019年达到高峰,并且在流域内零散或成片出现;(3)在月际尺度上,CDHEs的发生日数在6月最多,其次是5月、7月、9月和8月。淮河流域入汛前的旱情和入汛后的旱涝急转都容易导致CDHEs发生,而且随着月际变化向南移动;(4)CDHEs对水热条件和大气环流具有特别的敏感性。在850hPa反气旋和500hPa显著高压异常的控制下,高温、低湿、高蒸发和降水少的气候背景有利于淮河地区CDHEs的形成,尤其是在淮河中西部地区。因此,CDHEs的发生与气候变化密切相关;(5)CDHEs与植被生长也存在显著关系。CDHEs与GPP呈显著的负相关,而与NDVI呈显著的正相关,显著地区的土地类型以耕地和城乡、工矿、居民用地为主。GPP和NDVI的不同步可能是因为多种因素的非线性相互作用,而不仅仅是单一因素的影响。此外,对于GPP和NDVI来说,土壤含水量至关重要。总之,本文对淮河流域CDHEs的时空分布特征进行了深入研究,并探讨了其与气候和植被的关系。研究结果可以为该地区的气象灾害防御和生态环境保护提供科学依据和参考。
文摘由于复合高温干旱事件造成的综合效应远超普通干旱事件,复合高温干旱日益受到人们关注。基于中亚地区1981—2020年欧洲中期天气预报中心的第五代再分析陆地产品(Land Component of the Fifth Generation of European Reanalysis,ERA5-Land)的逐小时温度数据、月尺度潜在蒸散量数据和日尺度多源集成降水产品,计算标准化降水蒸散指数(Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index,SPEI)和日最高温度,识别复合高温干旱事件并分析其特征,得到以下结论:(1)复合高温干旱事件在中亚各地区空间分布上呈非集中趋势,1980年代、1990年代、2000年代和2010年代发生频次较高的区域分别位于东南部、北部、西北部和西部;(2)这些事件的时间分布表现出由大波动变为平稳小波动的趋势,且2020年之后将维持此平稳状态;(3)分析1984、1993、2010、2020年4个复合高温干旱事件典型年份,发现1984年高温干旱主要集中在中亚东南部,1993年仅零星地区偶发,2010年北部多发复合高温干旱事件,2020年则集中于西部地区。
基金supported by the National Key Technologies R&D Program of China[grant number 2022YFC3002803]the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars[grant number 41925021].
基金Supported by Special Foundation of Guizhou Academy of Agriculture Science"Germplasm Innovation and Application of Drought and Heat Resistant Alfalfa"(QNKYYZX[2013]003)Special Breeding Project of Guizhou Agriculture Commission"Cultivation of Flowering-inhibitory Tall Fescue Varieties with RNA Interference Technique"(QNYZZ[2013]012)
文摘Abstract The metabolites of tall fescue leaves under normal and drought conditions were analyzed with LC-ESI-MS （ liquid chromatography tandem mass spec- trometry）. A total of 282 metabolites were stably detected in the two groups using OPI.S-DA （orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis） method; 148 of which were down-regulated while 134 were up-regulated. After analyzed with MZ-minc software, 10 major metabolites （4 down, 6 up） were identified through searehing public database. Aromatic compounds, 3-p-eoumaroyll, 5-quinolaetone, aromatic free amino acids, styraxin mad methanofuran, were up-regulated ; grease metabolites, methyl 15-hydroperoxy-9Z, 12Z, 16E-octadecatrienoate, 9,12,13-Tri-HOME （10）, 3-oxo-dodecanoic acid, and 13 （S）-HpOTrE acid ester, were down-regulated; piperanine （alkaloids） was down-regulated while Methyl 7-epi-12-hydroxyjasmonate glucoside （indicant） was up-regulated. In a word, aromatic compounds and liquid metabolites may play vital roles in drought-resistant regulation of tall fescue.
