Equipment management is one of the important parts of business administra- tion of coal. Most of coal mines take no account of their equipment management, and have no comprehensive and effective evaluation index syste...Equipment management is one of the important parts of business administra- tion of coal. Most of coal mines take no account of their equipment management, and have no comprehensive and effective evaluation index system. Based on the analysis of the equipment evaluation measures of reform and the applications, the paper built up a comprehensive and effective evaluation index system of coal mine equipment, and im- proved the evaluation method with the use of fuzzy theory, analytic hierarchy process and entropy method.展开更多
In order to further improve the utility of unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)remote-sensing for quickly and accurately monitoring the growth of winter wheat under film mulching, this study examined the treatments of ridge m...In order to further improve the utility of unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)remote-sensing for quickly and accurately monitoring the growth of winter wheat under film mulching, this study examined the treatments of ridge mulching,ridge–furrow full mulching, and flat cropping full mulching in winter wheat.Based on the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation (FCE) method, four agronomic parameters (leaf area index, above-ground biomass, plant height, and leaf chlorophyll content) were used to calculate the comprehensive growth evaluation index (CGEI) of the winter wheat, and 14 visible and near-infrared spectral indices were calculated using spectral purification technology to process the remote-sensing image data of winter wheat obtained by multispectral UAV.Four machine learning algorithms, partial least squares, support vector machines, random forests, and artificial neural network networks(ANN), were used to build the winter wheat growth monitoring model under film mulching, and accuracy evaluation and mapping of the spatial and temporal distribution of winter wheat growth status were carried out.The results showed that the CGEI of winter wheat under film mulching constructed using the FCE method could objectively and comprehensively evaluate the crop growth status.The accuracy of remote-sensing inversion of the CGEI based on the ANN model was higher than for the individual agronomic parameters, with a coefficient of determination of 0.75,a root mean square error of 8.40, and a mean absolute value error of 6.53.Spectral purification could eliminate the interference of background effects caused by mulching and soil, effectively improving the accuracy of the remotesensing inversion of winter wheat under film mulching, with the best inversion effect achieved on the ridge–furrow full mulching area after spectral purification.The results of this study provide a theoretical reference for the use of UAV remote-sensing to monitor the growth status of winter wheat with film mulching.展开更多
The intelligent detection technology driven by X-ray images and deep learning represents the forefront of advanced techniques and development trends in flaw detection and automated evaluation of light alloy castings.H...The intelligent detection technology driven by X-ray images and deep learning represents the forefront of advanced techniques and development trends in flaw detection and automated evaluation of light alloy castings.However,the efficacy of deep learning models hinges upon a substantial abundance of flaw samples.The existing research on X-ray image augmentation for flaw detection suffers from shortcomings such as poor diversity of flaw samples and low reliability of quality evaluation.To this end,a novel approach was put forward,which involves the creation of the Interpolation-Deep Convolutional Generative Adversarial Network(I-DCGAN)for flaw detection image generation and a comprehensive evaluation algorithm named TOPSIS-IFP.I-DCGAN enables the generation of high-resolution,diverse simulated images with multiple appearances,achieving an improvement in sample diversity and quality while maintaining a relatively lower computational complexity.TOPSIS-IFP facilitates multi-dimensional quality evaluation,including aspects such as diversity,authenticity,image distribution difference,and image distortion degree.The results indicate that the X-ray radiographic images of magnesium and aluminum alloy castings achieve optimal performance when trained up to the 800th and 600th epochs,respectively.The TOPSIS-IFP value reaches 78.7%and 73.8%similarity to the ideal solution,respectively.Compared to single index evaluation,the TOPSIS-IFP algorithm achieves higher-quality simulated images at the optimal training epoch.This approach successfully mitigates the issue of unreliable quality associated with single index evaluation.The image generation and comprehensive quality evaluation method developed in this paper provides a novel approach for image augmentation in flaw recognition,holding significant importance for enhancing the robustness of subsequent flaw recognition networks.展开更多
Wetland park is an important mode of wetland protection, meanwhile, construction of comprehensive index system has become the hotspot and keystone of the researches on Wetland Parks. Basing on different development st...Wetland park is an important mode of wetland protection, meanwhile, construction of comprehensive index system has become the hotspot and keystone of the researches on Wetland Parks. Basing on different development stages, this paper firstly divided the Wetland Parks into three categories, including the start-up stage, the development stage and the refinement stage. And then screened and identified the direction and keypoints of comprehensive evaluation for wetland parks in different development stages using expert scoring, questionnaire and analytic hierarchy process(AHP).展开更多
[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the dominant populations of late-summer phytoplankton and conduct comprehensive nutritional evaluation of water quality in Bailang Lake. [Method] A series of water quality s...[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the dominant populations of late-summer phytoplankton and conduct comprehensive nutritional evaluation of water quality in Bailang Lake. [Method] A series of water quality survey and phytoplankton sampling was conducted in Bailang Lake in September 2011, a total of four sam- pling points were set, to detect and analyze the total nitrogen, total phosphorus, ammonia nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and permanganate index in water samples and further conduct comprehensive nutritional evaluation of the water quality factors using comprehensive nutritional state index method. [Result] Water in Bailang Lake was neutral to slightly alkaline with pH of 8.57. The average water trans- parency was 0.4 m, with relatively high content of dissolved oxygen. The content of total nitrogen was relatively high of 3.043 mg/L averagely. Comprehensive nutritional evaluation showed that the water quality of Bailang Lake belonged to moderate eu- trophication. As can be seen from various comprehensive nutritional state indices TLI, the contribution of transparency, chlorophyll a and total nitrogen to the eutrophi- cation in Bailang Lake was the greatest, followed by the permanganate index and total phosphorus. Statistical analysis showed that the average weight-biomass of phy- toplankton in Bailang Lake was 6.442 mg/L, and the average was 146.46x104 individuals/ml. There were eight dominant species in Bailang Lake, including Scenedesmus, Tetraedron, Merismopedia sinica, Phormidium, Merismopedia, Tribonema, Chroomonas and Synedra. [Conclusion] This study provided data informa- tion for the environmental protection and fisheries production in Bailang Lake.展开更多
To integrate different renewable energy resources effectively in a microgrid, a configuration optimization model of a multi-energy distributed generation(DG) system and its auxiliary equipment is proposed. The model...To integrate different renewable energy resources effectively in a microgrid, a configuration optimization model of a multi-energy distributed generation(DG) system and its auxiliary equipment is proposed. The model mainly consists of two parts, the determination of initial configuration schemes according to user preference and the selection of the optimal scheme. The comprehensive evaluation index(CEI), which is acquired through the analytic hierarchy process(AHP) weight calculation method, is adopted as the evaluation criterion to rank the initial schemes. The optimal scheme is obtained according to the ranking results. The proposed model takes the diversity of different equipment parameters and investment cost into consideration and can give relatively suitable and economical suggestions for system configuration.Additionally, unlike Homer Pro, the proposed model considers the complementation of different renewable energy resources, and thus the rationality of the multi-energy DG system is improved compared with the single evaluation criterion method which only considers the total cost.展开更多
Taking the pilgrimage,tourism and cultural island of Meizhou Island as an example,the evaluation index system of the coupling and coordinated development of“Mazu culture,socio-economy,eco-environment”(MSE)compound s...Taking the pilgrimage,tourism and cultural island of Meizhou Island as an example,the evaluation index system of the coupling and coordinated development of“Mazu culture,socio-economy,eco-environment”(MSE)compound system was constructed.The index weights were determined by AHP-entropy method,and the coupling degree,coordinated degree,comprehensive evaluation index and grey correlation degree of MSE system of Mazu Island from 2012 to 2022 were measure.The results showed that:(1)the comprehensive evaluation indexes of the three subsystems was on the rise in general,but the evaluation index of the ecological subsystems increased relatively slowly.(2)The coupling degree was only in the running-in stage in 2012,and the other years were in the coordinated coupling stage.(3)The coupling coordination degree increased from 0.35 in 2012 to 0.82 in 2022,the coupling coordination level was changed from mild imbalance to good coordination.(4)Through the comparison of grey correlation degree,the 24 indexes in the evaluation index system had great influence on the coupling coordination degree of MSE system.The coupling coordination degree was closely related to the development of socio-economy and the spread of Mazu culture.With the rapid development of tourism brought about by the spread of Mazu culture,the pressure on the ecological environment will be increasing.Compared with the rapid growth of tourism and economy,it is equally important to strengthen environmental protection and pay attention to the quality of ecological environment development.展开更多
In communication networks with policy-based Transport Control on-Demand (TCoD) function,the transport control policies play a great impact on the network effectiveness. To evaluate and optimize the transport policies ...In communication networks with policy-based Transport Control on-Demand (TCoD) function,the transport control policies play a great impact on the network effectiveness. To evaluate and optimize the transport policies in communication network,a policy-based TCoD network model is given and a comprehensive evaluation index system of the network effectiveness is put forward from both network application and handling mechanism perspectives. A TCoD network prototype system based on Asynchronous Transfer Mode/Multi-Protocol Label Switching (ATM/MPLS) is introduced and some experiments are performed on it. The prototype system is evaluated and analyzed with the comprehensive evaluation index system. The results show that the index system can be used to judge whether the communication network can meet the application requirements or not,and can provide references for the optimization of the transport policies so as to improve the communication network effectiveness.展开更多
The coal-bearing strata in the southern Junggar Basin in northwestern China have recently attracted the attention of coal geologists. Its abundance of coal resources is of great interest as there is a potential of unl...The coal-bearing strata in the southern Junggar Basin in northwestern China have recently attracted the attention of coal geologists. Its abundance of coal resources is of great interest as there is a potential of unlocking details about the palaeoclimatic information. Coal deposits have the capacity to record wildfire events, even those with inefficient combustions. To characterize wildfire events and palaeoclimatic history of the Middle Jurassic Xishanyao Formation(Aalenian and Bajocian ages), 22 coal samples from borehole cores and coal mines in the southern Junggar Basin were collected and their macerals were analyzed. The results indicated that fusinite and semi-fusinite were the dominant components of inertinite with proportions of 35.27% and 54.67%, respectively. The presence of inertinite is an indicator that wildfires occurred at the time of peat land development, and the widespread occurrence suggests large scale wildfires during the Middle Jurassic. This study proposes a new parameter for the evaluation of wildfire features by combining burning frequency and burning temperature. The comprehensive evaluation index(CEI) was influenced by the lacustrine basin level and ancient plant types from a sequence framework. During the Middle Jurassic, most wildfires were surface fires with low level and ground fire with high level. High oxygen levels were estimated in the lower, middle, and upper members of the Xishanyao Formation with corresponding to 26.78%, 24.55%, and 23.55%, respectively. The high oxygen levels would be the primary cause of repeated wildfires in the Middle Jurassic. These results are helpful for understanding palaeoclimatic changes in the Middle Jurassic.展开更多
In the present paper,the risk assessment of disasters induced by typhoons in Shandong Province has been carried out based on the basis of the analyses of the historical data during 1985-2010.In order to reduce the imp...In the present paper,the risk assessment of disasters induced by typhoons in Shandong Province has been carried out based on the basis of the analyses of the historical data during 1985-2010.In order to reduce the impact of the social and economic development status on the evaluation results in various periods,the normalized evaluation method was used to analyze the annual typhoon-induced damage in the concerned period.The quantitative comprehensive index is proposed with fuzzy mathematics,and the effect of typhoon-induced disasters is systematically investigated with the proposed index.In the analyses of the various hazard factors,the damage induced by the typhoon is combined with human and social factors,and further is comprehensively analyzed based on a GIS platform.The assessment results indicate that the normalized damage induced by typhoons presents the downward trend year by year and regional differences with significant temporal-spatial characteristics.The results of the present study are expected to be beneficial to disaster prevention and mitigation in Shandong Province.展开更多
Analyzing the sustainable development of a given region can provide an important reference and guide for future orientation.The study selects Turpan(including Gaochang District,Shanshan County,and Toksun County)in Xin...Analyzing the sustainable development of a given region can provide an important reference and guide for future orientation.The study selects Turpan(including Gaochang District,Shanshan County,and Toksun County)in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of Northwest China as the study area and first investigates the essence of regional sustainable development.Based on the relevant data of the population,economy,and environment of Turpan from 2002 to 2018,we constructed an evaluation index system for three dimensions,namely,the population,economy,and environment,and analyzed them systematically.Specifically,we quantitatively calculated the comprehensive evaluation index,coupling degree,and coupling coordination degree of the sustainable development system of the study area.The study finds that Turpan has become increasingly sustainable and orderly;the development level has continually improved from near imbalance to positive coordination.During the study period,the government has adopted appropriate models and paths to promote positive interactions among the population,economy,and environment based on engineering techniques and ecological means.The results show that the coupling coordination degree has increased from 0.3692 to 0.8894 during the period 2002–2018,which reflects the actual situation of Turpan and indicates that the proposed analysis method can effectively measure and evaluate the level of sustainable development in this region.Moreover,the study also puts forward main functional zoning of Turpan(i.e.,Gaochang District as an optimized development zone,Shanshan County as a major agricultural production zone,and Toksun County as a key ecological function zone)and regional planning principles based on the population,economic,and environmental coupling analysis for the three jurisdictions in Turpan.展开更多
Reasonable techniques and methods in biogas slurry application are significant for the promotion of biogas slurry and the improvement of crop quality in agricultural production.To investigate the impacts of different ...Reasonable techniques and methods in biogas slurry application are significant for the promotion of biogas slurry and the improvement of crop quality in agricultural production.To investigate the impacts of different biogas slurry application techniques on the water use efficiency,growth,yield,and quality of tomatoes,three irrigation techniques,and two application methods were considered in this study.The three irrigation techniques are alternate partial root-zone irrigation(APRI),fixed partial root-zone irrigation(FPRI),and two sides root-zone irrigation(TSRI).Two application methods refer to applying the biogas slurry with hole irrigation and surface irrigation.In addition,principal component analysis(PCA)and technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution(TOPSIS)methods were adopted to evaluate the comprehensive quality and comprehensive indicators of tomatoes among different treatments.There are three hole irrigation treatments,T1(APRI),T2(TSRI),T3(FPRI),and three surface irrigation treatments,T4(APRI),T5(TSRI),and T6(FPRI)were set in two-season pot experiments.The results show that the plant height,dry matter accumulation,fruit yield,and water use efficiency present a similar descending trend for APRI,TSRI,and FPRI under the same methane irrigation method,yet show that the hole irrigation treatment was higher than the surface irrigation treatment for the same irrigation technique.These indicate that the coupling of APRI technique and hole irrigation is more conducive to the increase of plant production and water use efficiency.Meanwhile,T1 treatment can significantly improve the soluble sugar,sugar-acid ratio,VC content,soluble protein,soluble solid content,and firmness of tomato fruits,which are better for the taste,storage,and transportation of tomato fruit.The titratable acid content in tomato fruit is the highest in T2 treatment,followed by T5 treatment,indicating that TSRI technique may result in an accumulation of titratable acid and is not conducive to the taste of the tomato.The comprehensive nutritional quality and index evaluation results show that T1 treatment ranks the highest among all treatments,and can be used as an optimal irrigation method for the implementation of integrated water/biogas slurry.展开更多
文摘Equipment management is one of the important parts of business administra- tion of coal. Most of coal mines take no account of their equipment management, and have no comprehensive and effective evaluation index system. Based on the analysis of the equipment evaluation measures of reform and the applications, the paper built up a comprehensive and effective evaluation index system of coal mine equipment, and im- proved the evaluation method with the use of fuzzy theory, analytic hierarchy process and entropy method.
基金This study was funded by the National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFD1900700)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51909221)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2020T130541 and 2019M650277).
文摘In order to further improve the utility of unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)remote-sensing for quickly and accurately monitoring the growth of winter wheat under film mulching, this study examined the treatments of ridge mulching,ridge–furrow full mulching, and flat cropping full mulching in winter wheat.Based on the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation (FCE) method, four agronomic parameters (leaf area index, above-ground biomass, plant height, and leaf chlorophyll content) were used to calculate the comprehensive growth evaluation index (CGEI) of the winter wheat, and 14 visible and near-infrared spectral indices were calculated using spectral purification technology to process the remote-sensing image data of winter wheat obtained by multispectral UAV.Four machine learning algorithms, partial least squares, support vector machines, random forests, and artificial neural network networks(ANN), were used to build the winter wheat growth monitoring model under film mulching, and accuracy evaluation and mapping of the spatial and temporal distribution of winter wheat growth status were carried out.The results showed that the CGEI of winter wheat under film mulching constructed using the FCE method could objectively and comprehensively evaluate the crop growth status.The accuracy of remote-sensing inversion of the CGEI based on the ANN model was higher than for the individual agronomic parameters, with a coefficient of determination of 0.75,a root mean square error of 8.40, and a mean absolute value error of 6.53.Spectral purification could eliminate the interference of background effects caused by mulching and soil, effectively improving the accuracy of the remotesensing inversion of winter wheat under film mulching, with the best inversion effect achieved on the ridge–furrow full mulching area after spectral purification.The results of this study provide a theoretical reference for the use of UAV remote-sensing to monitor the growth status of winter wheat with film mulching.
基金funded by the National Key R&D Program of China(2020YFB1710100)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52275337,52090042,51905188).
文摘The intelligent detection technology driven by X-ray images and deep learning represents the forefront of advanced techniques and development trends in flaw detection and automated evaluation of light alloy castings.However,the efficacy of deep learning models hinges upon a substantial abundance of flaw samples.The existing research on X-ray image augmentation for flaw detection suffers from shortcomings such as poor diversity of flaw samples and low reliability of quality evaluation.To this end,a novel approach was put forward,which involves the creation of the Interpolation-Deep Convolutional Generative Adversarial Network(I-DCGAN)for flaw detection image generation and a comprehensive evaluation algorithm named TOPSIS-IFP.I-DCGAN enables the generation of high-resolution,diverse simulated images with multiple appearances,achieving an improvement in sample diversity and quality while maintaining a relatively lower computational complexity.TOPSIS-IFP facilitates multi-dimensional quality evaluation,including aspects such as diversity,authenticity,image distribution difference,and image distortion degree.The results indicate that the X-ray radiographic images of magnesium and aluminum alloy castings achieve optimal performance when trained up to the 800th and 600th epochs,respectively.The TOPSIS-IFP value reaches 78.7%and 73.8%similarity to the ideal solution,respectively.Compared to single index evaluation,the TOPSIS-IFP algorithm achieves higher-quality simulated images at the optimal training epoch.This approach successfully mitigates the issue of unreliable quality associated with single index evaluation.The image generation and comprehensive quality evaluation method developed in this paper provides a novel approach for image augmentation in flaw recognition,holding significant importance for enhancing the robustness of subsequent flaw recognition networks.
基金National Natural Science Foundation(Project Number:41101080)Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(Project Number:ZR2014DQ028/ZR2015DM004)
文摘Wetland park is an important mode of wetland protection, meanwhile, construction of comprehensive index system has become the hotspot and keystone of the researches on Wetland Parks. Basing on different development stages, this paper firstly divided the Wetland Parks into three categories, including the start-up stage, the development stage and the refinement stage. And then screened and identified the direction and keypoints of comprehensive evaluation for wetland parks in different development stages using expert scoring, questionnaire and analytic hierarchy process(AHP).
基金Supported by Science and Technology Project in Anhui Province(11070303016)~~
文摘[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the dominant populations of late-summer phytoplankton and conduct comprehensive nutritional evaluation of water quality in Bailang Lake. [Method] A series of water quality survey and phytoplankton sampling was conducted in Bailang Lake in September 2011, a total of four sam- pling points were set, to detect and analyze the total nitrogen, total phosphorus, ammonia nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and permanganate index in water samples and further conduct comprehensive nutritional evaluation of the water quality factors using comprehensive nutritional state index method. [Result] Water in Bailang Lake was neutral to slightly alkaline with pH of 8.57. The average water trans- parency was 0.4 m, with relatively high content of dissolved oxygen. The content of total nitrogen was relatively high of 3.043 mg/L averagely. Comprehensive nutritional evaluation showed that the water quality of Bailang Lake belonged to moderate eu- trophication. As can be seen from various comprehensive nutritional state indices TLI, the contribution of transparency, chlorophyll a and total nitrogen to the eutrophi- cation in Bailang Lake was the greatest, followed by the permanganate index and total phosphorus. Statistical analysis showed that the average weight-biomass of phy- toplankton in Bailang Lake was 6.442 mg/L, and the average was 146.46x104 individuals/ml. There were eight dominant species in Bailang Lake, including Scenedesmus, Tetraedron, Merismopedia sinica, Phormidium, Merismopedia, Tribonema, Chroomonas and Synedra. [Conclusion] This study provided data informa- tion for the environmental protection and fisheries production in Bailang Lake.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51377021)the Science and Technology Project of State Grid Corporation of China(No.SGTJDK00DWJS1600014)
文摘To integrate different renewable energy resources effectively in a microgrid, a configuration optimization model of a multi-energy distributed generation(DG) system and its auxiliary equipment is proposed. The model mainly consists of two parts, the determination of initial configuration schemes according to user preference and the selection of the optimal scheme. The comprehensive evaluation index(CEI), which is acquired through the analytic hierarchy process(AHP) weight calculation method, is adopted as the evaluation criterion to rank the initial schemes. The optimal scheme is obtained according to the ranking results. The proposed model takes the diversity of different equipment parameters and investment cost into consideration and can give relatively suitable and economical suggestions for system configuration.Additionally, unlike Homer Pro, the proposed model considers the complementation of different renewable energy resources, and thus the rationality of the multi-energy DG system is improved compared with the single evaluation criterion method which only considers the total cost.
基金This paper is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.31400318)the Fujian Provincial Department of Science and Technology Guided Projects(Grant No.2020Y0089)the STS Project of Fujian Science and Technology Department(Grant Nos.2021T3014,2022T3023).
文摘Taking the pilgrimage,tourism and cultural island of Meizhou Island as an example,the evaluation index system of the coupling and coordinated development of“Mazu culture,socio-economy,eco-environment”(MSE)compound system was constructed.The index weights were determined by AHP-entropy method,and the coupling degree,coordinated degree,comprehensive evaluation index and grey correlation degree of MSE system of Mazu Island from 2012 to 2022 were measure.The results showed that:(1)the comprehensive evaluation indexes of the three subsystems was on the rise in general,but the evaluation index of the ecological subsystems increased relatively slowly.(2)The coupling degree was only in the running-in stage in 2012,and the other years were in the coordinated coupling stage.(3)The coupling coordination degree increased from 0.35 in 2012 to 0.82 in 2022,the coupling coordination level was changed from mild imbalance to good coordination.(4)Through the comparison of grey correlation degree,the 24 indexes in the evaluation index system had great influence on the coupling coordination degree of MSE system.The coupling coordination degree was closely related to the development of socio-economy and the spread of Mazu culture.With the rapid development of tourism brought about by the spread of Mazu culture,the pressure on the ecological environment will be increasing.Compared with the rapid growth of tourism and economy,it is equally important to strengthen environmental protection and pay attention to the quality of ecological environment development.
基金Supported by the National 863 Program (No.2007AA-701210)
文摘In communication networks with policy-based Transport Control on-Demand (TCoD) function,the transport control policies play a great impact on the network effectiveness. To evaluate and optimize the transport policies in communication network,a policy-based TCoD network model is given and a comprehensive evaluation index system of the network effectiveness is put forward from both network application and handling mechanism perspectives. A TCoD network prototype system based on Asynchronous Transfer Mode/Multi-Protocol Label Switching (ATM/MPLS) is introduced and some experiments are performed on it. The prototype system is evaluated and analyzed with the comprehensive evaluation index system. The results show that the index system can be used to judge whether the communication network can meet the application requirements or not,and can provide references for the optimization of the transport policies so as to improve the communication network effectiveness.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (4157209042102223)+4 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2021M6938442022T150284)the China Geological Survey Project (DD20160204-3)the discipline innovation team of Liaoning Technical University (LNTU20TD-05LNTU20TD-14)。
文摘The coal-bearing strata in the southern Junggar Basin in northwestern China have recently attracted the attention of coal geologists. Its abundance of coal resources is of great interest as there is a potential of unlocking details about the palaeoclimatic information. Coal deposits have the capacity to record wildfire events, even those with inefficient combustions. To characterize wildfire events and palaeoclimatic history of the Middle Jurassic Xishanyao Formation(Aalenian and Bajocian ages), 22 coal samples from borehole cores and coal mines in the southern Junggar Basin were collected and their macerals were analyzed. The results indicated that fusinite and semi-fusinite were the dominant components of inertinite with proportions of 35.27% and 54.67%, respectively. The presence of inertinite is an indicator that wildfires occurred at the time of peat land development, and the widespread occurrence suggests large scale wildfires during the Middle Jurassic. This study proposes a new parameter for the evaluation of wildfire features by combining burning frequency and burning temperature. The comprehensive evaluation index(CEI) was influenced by the lacustrine basin level and ancient plant types from a sequence framework. During the Middle Jurassic, most wildfires were surface fires with low level and ground fire with high level. High oxygen levels were estimated in the lower, middle, and upper members of the Xishanyao Formation with corresponding to 26.78%, 24.55%, and 23.55%, respectively. The high oxygen levels would be the primary cause of repeated wildfires in the Middle Jurassic. These results are helpful for understanding palaeoclimatic changes in the Middle Jurassic.
文摘In the present paper,the risk assessment of disasters induced by typhoons in Shandong Province has been carried out based on the basis of the analyses of the historical data during 1985-2010.In order to reduce the impact of the social and economic development status on the evaluation results in various periods,the normalized evaluation method was used to analyze the annual typhoon-induced damage in the concerned period.The quantitative comprehensive index is proposed with fuzzy mathematics,and the effect of typhoon-induced disasters is systematically investigated with the proposed index.In the analyses of the various hazard factors,the damage induced by the typhoon is combined with human and social factors,and further is comprehensively analyzed based on a GIS platform.The assessment results indicate that the normalized damage induced by typhoons presents the downward trend year by year and regional differences with significant temporal-spatial characteristics.The results of the present study are expected to be beneficial to disaster prevention and mitigation in Shandong Province.
基金supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA20060303),the“Light of West China”Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(2018-XBQNXZ-B-017),and the“High-Level Talents Project”in Xinjiang(Y942171).Data collection and analysis are supported by the Sino-German Joint Research Center for the Management of Ecosystems and Environmental Changes in Arid Lands and the Research Center for Ecology and Environment of Central Asia of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.Special thanks are given to the support of the“One Hundred Person Project”of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Y931201).
文摘Analyzing the sustainable development of a given region can provide an important reference and guide for future orientation.The study selects Turpan(including Gaochang District,Shanshan County,and Toksun County)in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of Northwest China as the study area and first investigates the essence of regional sustainable development.Based on the relevant data of the population,economy,and environment of Turpan from 2002 to 2018,we constructed an evaluation index system for three dimensions,namely,the population,economy,and environment,and analyzed them systematically.Specifically,we quantitatively calculated the comprehensive evaluation index,coupling degree,and coupling coordination degree of the sustainable development system of the study area.The study finds that Turpan has become increasingly sustainable and orderly;the development level has continually improved from near imbalance to positive coordination.During the study period,the government has adopted appropriate models and paths to promote positive interactions among the population,economy,and environment based on engineering techniques and ecological means.The results show that the coupling coordination degree has increased from 0.3692 to 0.8894 during the period 2002–2018,which reflects the actual situation of Turpan and indicates that the proposed analysis method can effectively measure and evaluate the level of sustainable development in this region.Moreover,the study also puts forward main functional zoning of Turpan(i.e.,Gaochang District as an optimized development zone,Shanshan County as a major agricultural production zone,and Toksun County as a key ecological function zone)and regional planning principles based on the population,economic,and environmental coupling analysis for the three jurisdictions in Turpan.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51969012)Red Willow First-class Discipline Project of Lanzhou University of Technology(Grant No.0807J1)the Industry Supporting and Guiding Project of Gansu Higher Education Institutions(Grant No.2019C-13,2021CYZC-27,2021CYZC-33).
文摘Reasonable techniques and methods in biogas slurry application are significant for the promotion of biogas slurry and the improvement of crop quality in agricultural production.To investigate the impacts of different biogas slurry application techniques on the water use efficiency,growth,yield,and quality of tomatoes,three irrigation techniques,and two application methods were considered in this study.The three irrigation techniques are alternate partial root-zone irrigation(APRI),fixed partial root-zone irrigation(FPRI),and two sides root-zone irrigation(TSRI).Two application methods refer to applying the biogas slurry with hole irrigation and surface irrigation.In addition,principal component analysis(PCA)and technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution(TOPSIS)methods were adopted to evaluate the comprehensive quality and comprehensive indicators of tomatoes among different treatments.There are three hole irrigation treatments,T1(APRI),T2(TSRI),T3(FPRI),and three surface irrigation treatments,T4(APRI),T5(TSRI),and T6(FPRI)were set in two-season pot experiments.The results show that the plant height,dry matter accumulation,fruit yield,and water use efficiency present a similar descending trend for APRI,TSRI,and FPRI under the same methane irrigation method,yet show that the hole irrigation treatment was higher than the surface irrigation treatment for the same irrigation technique.These indicate that the coupling of APRI technique and hole irrigation is more conducive to the increase of plant production and water use efficiency.Meanwhile,T1 treatment can significantly improve the soluble sugar,sugar-acid ratio,VC content,soluble protein,soluble solid content,and firmness of tomato fruits,which are better for the taste,storage,and transportation of tomato fruit.The titratable acid content in tomato fruit is the highest in T2 treatment,followed by T5 treatment,indicating that TSRI technique may result in an accumulation of titratable acid and is not conducive to the taste of the tomato.The comprehensive nutritional quality and index evaluation results show that T1 treatment ranks the highest among all treatments,and can be used as an optimal irrigation method for the implementation of integrated water/biogas slurry.