Spatio-temporal Evaluation of Multi-scale Cultivated Land System Resilience in Black Soil Region from 2000 to 2019:A Case Study of Liaoning Province,Northeast China

It is of great significance to systematically analyze the cultivated land system resilience(CLSR) for the black soil protection and national food security.The CLSR is impacted by planting structure adjustment and cultivated land quality decline,posing major hidden dangers to food security.It is urgent to evaluate the CLSR at multiple spatio-temporal scales.This study took Liaoning Province in the black soil region of Northeast China as an example.Based on the resilience theory,this study constructed the CLSR evaluation system from the input-feedback perspective at the provincial-scale and the city-scale,and used the rank-sum ratio comprehensive evaluation method(RSR) to analyze the key influencing factors of CLSR in Liaoning Province and its 14 cities from 2000 to 2019.The results showed that:1) the time series changes of CLSR at the provincial-scale and the city-scale in Liaoning Province were similar,both showing an increasing trend.2) The CLSR in Liaoning Province presented a spatial pattern of ‘high in the west and low in the east’ at the city-scale.3) There were seven and six main influencing factors of CLSR at the provincial-scale and the city-scale,respectively.In addition to the net income per capita of rural households,other influencing factors of CLSR were different at the provincial-scale and the city-scale.The feedback factors were dominant at the provincial-scale,and the input factors and feedback factors were dominant at the city-scale.The results could provide a reference for the utilization of black soil and draw on the experience of regional agricultural planning and adjustment.

Soil and Water Resources and Land Sustainable Productivity in the Catchment Area with Intensive Management in Hilly Red Soil Regions,China

Taking an example of Majiayu Catchment Area (14.15 ha) in Taoyuan County of HunanProvince, the soil and water resources dynamics, fertility evolution characteristics andland productivity changing situation were studied. Fixed observation results from 1993to 2002 showed that pools covering about 15% of total area could store up 10% of surfacerunoff, keep 78.1% of eroded soil and 65.4% of lost nutrients. The yearly ratio ofinterception and evapotranspiration in land, storage in pools and drainage was 7:2:1,which ensured the resources and nutrients equilibrium and a benign recycle in thecatchment area system, and benefited the aquatic culture and helped to resist seasonaldrought. Moreover, the results showed that soil erosion modulus decreased significantly,equal to or lower than soil loss tolerance (≤500 tkm-2) in reddish yellow soil regions.Soil organic matter, total and available N content in sloping land, dryland and paddyfield increased steadily (>10%); water storage enhanced by more than 20% in sloping landand dryland in drought season; crop production increased by more than 20%; and productionof trees, fruits, tea and fish as well as land productivity increased yearly.

Theoretical Study on the Regional Comprehensive Price of Expropriated Agricultural Land Based on the Benchmark Land Price

So far,the work of calculating the regional comprehensive price of expropriated agricultural land has been carried out for more than ten years,but in the specific calculation process,the concept and calculation method of the regional comprehensive price of expropriated land are still lack of unified standards.In this paper,from the point of view of the benchmark land price,the regional comprehensive price of expropriated agricultural land is calculated by using the relatively mature benchmark land price.

Potential Analysis of Inefficient Garden Land and Residual Forest Land Remediation in Comprehensive Land Remediation of the Whole Region—A Case Study of Zhemu Town, Guilin City, China

The remediation of inefficient garden land and defective forest land is one of the important sources and types of supplementary cultivated land in the comprehensive land remediation of the whole region. The remediation and development of inefficient garden land and defective forest land will effectively alleviate the multiple pressures faced by cultivated land at present. Taking Zhemu Town, Guilin City, China as an example, on that basis of the data of the third national land survey, using analytic hierarchy process, this paper selects six evaluation factors, including water source, traffic, slope, field concentration, farmland infrastructure and villagers’ will, to study the remediation potential of inefficient garden land and defective forest land in Zhemu Town, and delimits four potential divisions, in order to provide the basis for the arrangement of land remediation projects in Zhemu Town. The results show that the northern, central and western regions of Zhemu Town have great remediation potential.

Mortgage of Land Management Right in the Rural Area Under the Policy Context

The aim of this study is to explore the necessity to consider the specialty of policy context in ethnic minority area during the policymaking process.Case analysis is applied to study the policy context in microscopic aspect.The information came from two sources:questionnaires or phone calls,and related documents.Study suggested that the mortgage of land management lies in the negligence of temporal dynamic balance when it comes to the mastering of policy context.Optimal plan of method design was given in the end of this paper.

Comprehensive Management Measures for Chicken Rearing in Tea Gardens in Karst Region

In karst region,industrial development is closely related to rocky desertification control. Using abundant natural resources in karst areas to develop chicken rearing in tea gardens can not only make full use of natural resources and alleviate the contradiction between development and governance in rocky desertification areas but also produce good quality chicken. In this paper,the comprehensive management measures related to chicken farming in tea gardens in karst region were elaborated,in order to provided certain guiding significance for practical production.

Understanding of Traditional Knowledge and Indigenous Institutions on Sustainable Land Management in Kilimanjaro Region, Tanzania

The paper is based on a study whose objective is to provide an understanding of the extent to which traditional knowledge and indigenous institutions for natural resource governance remain relevant to solving current land degradation issues and how they are integrated in formal policy process in Kilimanjaro Region. Data collection for this study combined qualitative and quantitative methods. A total of 221 individuals from households were interviewed using a structured questionnaire;41 in-depth interviews and 24 focus group discussions were held. Findings indicate that the community acknowledges that there is traditional knowledge and indigenous institutions regarding sustainable land management. However, awareness of the traditional knowledge and practices varied between districts. Rural-based districts were found to be more aware and therefore practiced more of traditional knowledge than urban based districts. Variations in landscape features such as proneness to drought, landslides and soil erosion have also attracted variable responses among the communities regarding traditional knowledge and indigenous practices of sustainable land management. In addition, men were found to have more keen interest in conserving the land than women as well as involvement in other traditional practices of sustainable land management. This is due to the fact that, customarily, it is men who inherit and own land. This, among other factors, could have limited the integration of traditional knowledge and indigenous institutions in village by-laws and overall policy process. The paper concludes by recommending that traditional knowledge and indigenous institutions for sustainable land management should be promoted among the younger generations so as to capture their interest, and ensure that successful practices are effectively integrated into the national policies and strategies.

Research on Readjustments of Land Property Rights in Comprehensive land management A Case Study in Project Area of Fan zhen comprehensive land management in Tai＇ anCity

Research purpose： The paper studies readjustments of land property rights which practice in the project area of Fan Zhen comprehensive land management in Tai＇ an City. According to the study make reasonable suggestions, for the similar areas of readjuslments of land property rights provide experience. Research Methods： Investigating method and contrastive analysis method. Results： The right of the project a^ea to an adjustment measures properly, and has achieved good economic benefits, social benefits and ecological benefits. Research Conclusions： Developing the new rural consu＇uction the problem from the social, economic and environmental field, effectively protect the fundamental interests of farmers to get sustainable development.

Impact of land use change on water resource allocation in the middle reaches of the Heihe River Basin in northwestern China

In recent decades, China has been experiencing rapid economic development, population growth and urbanization. These processes have stressed the shortages of water resources in China, especially in the arid re- gions of northwestern China. In order to sustain the expanding cropland, people increased groundwater exploitation in these regions. The purpose of this study was to quantitatively analyze the changes in land use and water resources, and their relationship in the middle reaches of the Heihe River Basin, a typical inland river basin in northwest China. The data of land use change were interpreted using aerial photographs （1965） and Landsat TM images （1986 and 2007）. The data of irrigation water volume in the irrigation districts were spatialized in the middle reaches of the Heihe River Basin. The spatial variation of the groundwater depth was interpolated using the geo- statistical method. The results showed that the cultivated cropland area along oasis fringe increased by 15.38% and 43.60% during the periods 1965-1986 and 1986-2007, respectively. Surface water amount for irrigation had almost doubled from 1956 to 2010. The decrease of grassland area mainly occurred at the alluvial fan in front of the Qilian Mountains, with 36.47% during 1965-1986 and 38.56% during 1986-2007, respectively. The groundwater depth in front of the mountain constantly increased from 1986 to 2007. We found that the overuse of surface water and overexploitation of groundwater had direct consequences on the natural environments. We suggests that the efficiency of surface water resources use among different irrigation distdcts needs to be improved, which will significantly ease the conflicts between increasing water demand for irrigation and a shortage of water resources in the middle reaches of the Heihe River Basin.

Ecological Land Suitability for Arid Region at River Basin Scale:Framework and Application Based on Minmum Cumulative Resistance(MCR) Model

As an important and typical arid inland region in China,Shiyang River Basin plays an important role in maintaining the sustainable development of eco-environment,whose ecological land suitability restricts the development of the local human activities.Therefore,Shiyang River Basin was selected as the case study,the minimum cumulative resistance(MCR)model and GIS technique were integrated to create land suitability evaluation map.We calculated the MCR value of ecological source and living source,and divided the whole basin into five partitions according to the difference between ecological source and living source,and analyzed the patterns and characteristics of the ecological land suitability evaluation(ELSE)regions,respectively.The results showed that:1)The suitable ecological land includes prohibited development region and restricted development region,which accounts for 15.45%and 23.35%of the total land area of the Shiyang River Basin,respectively.These two regions mainly distributed high altitude region in the southern Qilian Mountain and low altitude region where had high density of rivers.2)The protection of ecological land requires not only conserving existing ecological land but also focusing on ecological buffer belts around ecological sources and improving ecological land service ability.3)Ecological networks should be constructed through artificial planting trees around the boundary of oasis and ecological restoration region.Buffer greenbelts should also be established between optimized development region and ecological restoration region.

MODELING OF REGIONAL DIFFERENTIATION OF LAND-USE DEGREE IN CHINA

This paper presents an index system and a method for calculating the comprehensive index of land-use degree. The latest data form two projects titled "Remote sensing Macro Investigation and Dynamic Study of National Resources and Environment" and "Resources and Environment Database of China" have been fully applied. In addition, this paper analyzes the regularity of the regional differentiation of land-use degree in China and the socio-economic and physical factors which affect the change of land-use degree in China. The "polar" model and the "longitude-distance" model of land-use degree of China are also developed.

小麦条锈病跨区域全周期绿色防控技术体系的构建与应用

小麦条锈病是我国小麦生产上一种跨区域流行的重大病害。1949年以来,我国小麦条锈病研究,治理能力明显提升,发病面积、流行程度、流行频率明显降低,但由于条锈菌Puccinia striiformis f.sp.tritici新毒性小种不断产生和气候异常变化等因素的影响,近年来其流行规律和成灾机制出现了新的变化,发生危害加重,严重威胁小麦生产和国家粮食安全。基于“十二五”以来我国在小麦条锈病菌毒性新小种产生、有性生殖、侵染循环和大区流行规律等方面的最新研究成果,作者在学习和实践以往病害治理经验的基础上,坚持长短结合、标本兼治、分区治理、综合防治的指导思想,制定了“以绿色防控为基础,以全周期管理为重点,以跨区域联防联控为保障”的防控策略,提出了精准监测预报、毒性小种变异监测、早期菌源控制、抗病品种合理布局和应急防控等关键技术,集成构建了全国小麦条锈病跨区域全周期绿色防控技术体系,制定了越夏易变区、冬季繁殖区(越冬区)和春季流行区分区防控技术体系。经在小麦条锈病主要流行区大面积试验示范,取得了防控效果85%以上,化学农药用量减少10%以上,小麦单产提高5%以上的成效。2022年-2023年在全国小麦主产区大范围组织推广应用,有效控制了小麦条锈病严重流行势头,全国病害发生面积出现了新低,有效减轻了灾害损失,保障了国家粮食安全。

苏州—无锡—常州地区地面沉降及地裂缝防控研究

苏州—无锡—常州(苏锡常)地区曾是中国地面沉降灾害最严重的地区之一,从20世纪70年代开始发生地面沉降,随之因差异沉降诱发地裂缝灾害,21世纪以来沉降速率逐年趋缓,部分地区出现区域性的地面回弹,独特的地面沉降发展历程为全面解读地面沉降提供了理想的窗口。为揭示苏锡常地区地面沉降生命周期过程及其驱动机制,利用长时间序列、大区域尺度的三维渗流、应力、应变多场监测数据以及物理试验模型、数值模拟等技术对区域地面沉降与地裂缝宏观演变规律、成因机理进行综合分析。研究结果显示:苏锡常地区地面沉降经历了发生、快速发展、趋缓、滞后和反弹5个阶段;地面沉降与地下水开采密切相关,其地层变形主要来自于地下水开采导致的含水层和弱透水层的压密释水,主采含水砂层及相邻隔水层为沉降主要贡献层,并识别了地层压缩、回弹的时空演变特征及其对地面沉降的贡献;地裂缝是地面沉降发展到一定阶段后所产生的次生地质灾害,其空间展布及成灾时间与地下水水位、地面沉降、基岩起伏变化以及土层结构差异等因素密切相关,提出了驱动地裂缝演化的压—拉—剪—弹物理过程,识别出了地裂缝发生的触发机制和临界条件。同时建立了以地质钻孔全断面光纤监测为特色、多种技术方法融合的“天-空-地”立体化、地下水-地面沉降-地裂缝协同的监测体系,为地面沉降防控提供科学、详细的数据支撑;并创新区域-场地双尺度有限元耦合界面元法,成功实现了三维复杂地质环境条件下地层形变特征及地裂缝生成和扩展的力学机制模拟,为地面沉降、地裂缝易发区精准圈定与防控提供了解决路径;通过总结基于技术创新支撑政府实施的地下水限采、禁采等地面沉降防控实践及其成效,为中国其他省/市地面沉降防控与地下水资源管理起到示范作用。

“千万工程”与促进长三角地区共同富裕逻辑研究

党的二十大报告指出,中国式现代化是全体人民共同富裕的现代化。理清土地综合整治、“千万工程”与共同富裕之间存在的逻辑关系,对于探索长三角地区共同富裕差距及其成因、探究通过土地综合整治深化“千万工程”来促进长三角地区共同富裕的基本思路与路径具有重要意义。研究发现,土地综合整治与“千万工程”之间存在相辅相成的关系,共同富裕是二者的最终目标,构建共富单元则是实现共同富裕的有效途径。长三角地区内部及其省市之间的共同富裕差距主要由区位条件、资源禀赋、生态环境等因素的差异造成。在追求共同富裕和城乡一体化的背景下,应以高质量供给引领创造新需求为主线,基于土地综合整治和“千万工程”建设,推动国土空间资源要素配置与共同富裕现代化生产力布局优化相适应,在全域打造共同富裕现代化基本单元;推动“山水林田湖草”综合治理和“产城人文景生”融合发展,推进区域治理水平提升。

地方特色发展政策动员、情境式行动及效能评价——N市S镇“万亩良田整治工程”过程分析

政策动员对于提升地方治理能力具有重要作用。本文追踪N市S镇“万亩良田整治工程”推进特色发展政策落地、空间重构到模式示范的过程,依据“过程-情境”叙事范式,建构“调适-稳定”的分析框架,阐释地方政府政策动员的过程机制和演变逻辑。研究发现,地方政府实施政策动员需依据行政、市场和社会三重逻辑,推进议题协商,构建实践共同体,完成地方情境化的政策调适和议题改造,达成政策框架内多重组织行动系统的稳定态势。政策动员需以制度创新和整合社会资源为载体,迎合“有效”与“合法”双重逻辑,运用调适策略构建稳定的政策共生机制,推动区域性集体行动的达成,实现基层治理效能提升。此外,本文进一步揭示了政策动员在地方特色产业发展框架下的现实策略和典型模式,完善了地方治理政策实践建构的过程性理论研究。

全域土地综合整治促进城乡融合的机理与路径

全域土地综合整治促进城乡融合的机理体现为:全域土地综合整治的直接作用对象是土地,土地利用结构的改变会引发城乡产业、人口、基础设施和公共服务、生态资源等的空间分布的调整,进而影响城乡关系,而城乡关系调整的过程也是土地利用形态和结构发生变化的过程。全域土地综合整治首先应以土地为切入点,通过调整城乡空间结构,响应城乡社会、经济、生态环境融合发展的用地需求,然后通过土地要素流动引发城乡产业、人口、资本、技术等要素双向流动,为城乡融合发展提供动力。文章从空间融合、经济融合、社会融合、环境融合四个维度探索土地综合整治促进城乡融合发展的实现路径。

廊坊北部地区地面沉降灾害风险评价

地面沉降灾害风险评价工作对区域灾害风险识别与防治能力提升具有重要意义。围绕廊坊北部岩性构造、水文地质、灾害背景、承灾体易损性及防灾减灾能力建设等方面,选取12个指标构建地面沉降灾害风险评价指标体系,依次开展地面沉降灾害危险性、易损性、防灾减灾能力与风险评价。结果表明:区内地面沉降灾害风险呈西北高—中东部低的态势,西北部危险性、易损性较高的夏垫-燕郊地区呈较高风险或高风险,西南部危险性较高而防灾减灾能力较低的钳屯—五百户地区为较高风险区;中、低风险区分布形态与危险性、易损性分布形态相对一致。研究可为区域城乡建设发展规划与防灾减灾体系建设提供参考借鉴。

空间生产视角下珠三角地区全域土地综合整治响应策略研究

全域土地综合整治作为我国特有的以土地资源为主要调控对象的政策制度,深度参与着城乡空间的生产过程,既对城乡空间进行重塑,也反映着城乡空间背后的政治、经济、社会需求与运行逻辑。引入空间生产的三元理论,以珠三角地区为对象构建全域土地综合整治的理论认知框架,提出珠三角地区全域土地综合整治在空间表征方面应落实区域协调与生态文明的新意志,在空间实践方面应做优现代产业与经济发展的新空间,在表征空间方面应保障多元化社会人群安居的新需求。并分析珠三角地区全域土地综合整治在空间生产方面的现状困境,最后聚焦规划制度框架、土地制度空间、产业经济空间和人居生活空间四大维度的策略重构响应,提出珠三角地区全域土地综合整治的优化建议。

流域生态单元视角下全域土地综合整治路径--以广东省佛冈县汤塘镇省级试点为例

通过对流域生态单元的概念辨析,剖析当前全域土地综合整治存在整治区域划定零散、与国土空间规划联动不紧密,整治项目关联性不强、整体叠加效应有待提升,以及资金来源单一、实施存在较大资金缺口等问题,提出流域生态单元视角下全域土地综合整治范围划定、空间格局优化、整治项目统筹、实施路径强化的整治框架。以广东省佛冈县汤塘镇全域土地综合整治省级试点为例,基于试点区位资源及存在的问题,探讨结合潖江小流域治理、公园群建设及EOD开发统筹各项整治任务与方案实施的策略方法,以为全域土地综合整治试点建设提供新的视角与路径参考。

增强优势地区高质量发展土地保障能力的制度保障

如何通过深化土地管理制度改革增强土地要素在优势地区高质量发展中的保障能力,是关系到中国式现代化能否顺利实现的重大现实命题。现行土地管理制度对优势地区高质量发展存在着“计划性”土地供给约束,一方面不利于城市化优势地区有效发挥集聚效应,另一方面抑制了农业转移人口市民化进程和农村户均土地经营规模的扩大,限制了农业劳动生产率的提高和农业现代化进程的发展。因此,本文提出以下建议:第一,在取消对特大超大城市人口总量限制的同时,增加城市化优势地区“计划性”土地供给;第二,扩大宅基地流转和城乡建设用地增减挂钩范围,增加城市化优势地区“市场化”土地供给。通过以上土地管理制度的改革,一方面可以为提高城市化优势地区高质量发展和城市化水平提供土地保障能力;另一方面可以加快农业转移人口市民化进程,扩大农村户均土地经营规模,增强农业优势地区的土地保障能力。