AIM: To investigate whether the predominant emphysema type is associated with the high resolution computed tomography(HRCT) pattern of fibrosis in combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema(CPFE).METHODS: Fifty-three s...AIM: To investigate whether the predominant emphysema type is associated with the high resolution computed tomography(HRCT) pattern of fibrosis in combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema(CPFE).METHODS: Fifty-three smokers with upper lobe emphysema and lower lobe pulmonary fibrosis on- HRCT-were retrospectively evaluated. Patients were stratified into 3 groups according to the predominant type of emphysema: Centrilobular(CLE), paraseptal(PSE), CLE = PSE. Patients were also stratified into 3 other groups according to the predominant type of fibrosis on HRCT: Typical usual interstitial pneumonia(UIP), probable UIP and nonspecific interstitial pneumonia(NSIP). HRCTs were scored at 5 predetermined levels for the coarseness of fibrosis(Coarseness), extent of emphysema(emphysema), extent of interstitial lung disease(Tot Ext ILD), extent of reticular pattern not otherwise specified(Ret NOS), extent of ground glass opacity with traction bronchiectasis(extG GOBx), extent of pure ground glass opacity and extent of honeycombing. HRCT mean scores, pulmonary function tests, diffusion capacity(DLCO) and systolic pulmonary arterial pressure were compared among the groups.RESULTS: The predominant type of emphysema was strongly correlated with the predominant type of fibrosis. The centrilobular emphysema group exhibited a significantly higher extent of emphysema(P < 0.001) and a lower extent of interstitial lung disease(P < 0.002), reticular pattern not otherwise specified(P < 0.023), extent of ground glass opacity with traction bronchiectasis(P < 0.002), extent of honeycombing(P < 0.001) and coarseness of fibrosis(P < 0.001) than the paraseptal group. The NSIP group exhibited a significantly higher extent of emphysema(P < 0.05), total lung capacity(P < 0.01) and diffusion capacity(DLCO)(P < 0.05) than the typical UIP group. The typical UIP group exhibited a significantly higher extent of interstitial lung disease, extent of reticular pattern not otherwise specified, extent of ground glass opacity with traction bronchiectasis, extent of honeycombing and coarseness of fibrosis(0.039 > P > 0.000). Although the pulmonary arterial pressure was higher in typical UIP group relative to the NSIP group, the difference was not statistically significant.CONCLUSION: In CPFE patients, paraseptal emphysema is associated more with UIP-HRCT pattern and higher extent of fibrosis than centrilobular emphysema.展开更多
AIM: To investigate the diagnostic performance of multi-detector computed tomography(MDCT) in detecting biliary complications after orthotopic liver transplantation(OLT). METHODS: Eighty-three consecutive OLT recipien...AIM: To investigate the diagnostic performance of multi-detector computed tomography(MDCT) in detecting biliary complications after orthotopic liver transplantation(OLT). METHODS: Eighty-three consecutive OLT recipients, who presented with clinical or biochemical signs of biliary complications, underwent MDCT examination. Two experienced radiologists assessed MDCT images in consensus to determine biliary complications. Final confirmation was based on percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography or endoscopic retrograde cholangiography in 58 patients, surgery in four patients, liver biopsy in 10, and clinical and sonography follow-up in 11 patients. RESULTS: Biliary complications were eventually confirmed in 62 of 83 patients(74.7%), including anastomotic biliary strictures in 32, nonanastomotic biliarystrictures in 21, biliary stones in nine(5 with biliary strictures), anastomotic bile leak in five, and biloma in six(all with nonanastomotic strictures, and 2 with biligenic hepatic abscess). Twenty-one patients had no detection of biliary complications. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of MDCT for detecting biliary strictures were 90.6%, 86.7%, 89.2%, 92.3% and 83.9%, respectively. For detecting biliary stones, anastomotic bile leak and biloma, the sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of MDCT were all 100%.CONCLUSION: MDCT is a useful screening tool for detecting biliary complications after OLT.展开更多
Microstructural evolutions of ceramic grain growth we re dynamically demonstrated with 3D graphical display techniques. Based on the p rinciples of grain growth in ceramics, the data of coordination in different ato m...Microstructural evolutions of ceramic grain growth we re dynamically demonstrated with 3D graphical display techniques. Based on the p rinciples of grain growth in ceramics, the data of coordination in different ato ms were calculated with Monte-Carlo method at atomistic scale. Realistic images in three-dimension were displayed onto two-dimension monitor by projection, i llumination and atomization, using Visual C++ and OpenGL languages. Different small spheres were used to model different kind of atoms, which filled within a fictitious cube. The radius and coordination for different atoms were then determined according to corresponding ratios by using of perspective projec tion of OpenGL languages. The applications of illuminating, texturizing and at omization techniques enhanced greatly the stereo effect of images.展开更多
文摘AIM: To investigate whether the predominant emphysema type is associated with the high resolution computed tomography(HRCT) pattern of fibrosis in combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema(CPFE).METHODS: Fifty-three smokers with upper lobe emphysema and lower lobe pulmonary fibrosis on- HRCT-were retrospectively evaluated. Patients were stratified into 3 groups according to the predominant type of emphysema: Centrilobular(CLE), paraseptal(PSE), CLE = PSE. Patients were also stratified into 3 other groups according to the predominant type of fibrosis on HRCT: Typical usual interstitial pneumonia(UIP), probable UIP and nonspecific interstitial pneumonia(NSIP). HRCTs were scored at 5 predetermined levels for the coarseness of fibrosis(Coarseness), extent of emphysema(emphysema), extent of interstitial lung disease(Tot Ext ILD), extent of reticular pattern not otherwise specified(Ret NOS), extent of ground glass opacity with traction bronchiectasis(extG GOBx), extent of pure ground glass opacity and extent of honeycombing. HRCT mean scores, pulmonary function tests, diffusion capacity(DLCO) and systolic pulmonary arterial pressure were compared among the groups.RESULTS: The predominant type of emphysema was strongly correlated with the predominant type of fibrosis. The centrilobular emphysema group exhibited a significantly higher extent of emphysema(P < 0.001) and a lower extent of interstitial lung disease(P < 0.002), reticular pattern not otherwise specified(P < 0.023), extent of ground glass opacity with traction bronchiectasis(P < 0.002), extent of honeycombing(P < 0.001) and coarseness of fibrosis(P < 0.001) than the paraseptal group. The NSIP group exhibited a significantly higher extent of emphysema(P < 0.05), total lung capacity(P < 0.01) and diffusion capacity(DLCO)(P < 0.05) than the typical UIP group. The typical UIP group exhibited a significantly higher extent of interstitial lung disease, extent of reticular pattern not otherwise specified, extent of ground glass opacity with traction bronchiectasis, extent of honeycombing and coarseness of fibrosis(0.039 > P > 0.000). Although the pulmonary arterial pressure was higher in typical UIP group relative to the NSIP group, the difference was not statistically significant.CONCLUSION: In CPFE patients, paraseptal emphysema is associated more with UIP-HRCT pattern and higher extent of fibrosis than centrilobular emphysema.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81201090,No.81371655Guangdong Natural Science Foundation,No.S2012010008367
文摘AIM: To investigate the diagnostic performance of multi-detector computed tomography(MDCT) in detecting biliary complications after orthotopic liver transplantation(OLT). METHODS: Eighty-three consecutive OLT recipients, who presented with clinical or biochemical signs of biliary complications, underwent MDCT examination. Two experienced radiologists assessed MDCT images in consensus to determine biliary complications. Final confirmation was based on percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography or endoscopic retrograde cholangiography in 58 patients, surgery in four patients, liver biopsy in 10, and clinical and sonography follow-up in 11 patients. RESULTS: Biliary complications were eventually confirmed in 62 of 83 patients(74.7%), including anastomotic biliary strictures in 32, nonanastomotic biliarystrictures in 21, biliary stones in nine(5 with biliary strictures), anastomotic bile leak in five, and biloma in six(all with nonanastomotic strictures, and 2 with biligenic hepatic abscess). Twenty-one patients had no detection of biliary complications. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of MDCT for detecting biliary strictures were 90.6%, 86.7%, 89.2%, 92.3% and 83.9%, respectively. For detecting biliary stones, anastomotic bile leak and biloma, the sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of MDCT were all 100%.CONCLUSION: MDCT is a useful screening tool for detecting biliary complications after OLT.
文摘Microstructural evolutions of ceramic grain growth we re dynamically demonstrated with 3D graphical display techniques. Based on the p rinciples of grain growth in ceramics, the data of coordination in different ato ms were calculated with Monte-Carlo method at atomistic scale. Realistic images in three-dimension were displayed onto two-dimension monitor by projection, i llumination and atomization, using Visual C++ and OpenGL languages. Different small spheres were used to model different kind of atoms, which filled within a fictitious cube. The radius and coordination for different atoms were then determined according to corresponding ratios by using of perspective projec tion of OpenGL languages. The applications of illuminating, texturizing and at omization techniques enhanced greatly the stereo effect of images.
