Preoperative diagnosis and operative effect of intracranial aneurysm with three-dimensional computed tomography angiography

BACKGROUND ： Digital subtraction angiography （DSA） is always regarded as the golden standard for diagnosis of intracranial aneurysm; however, the procedure is complex, traumatic, expensive and easy to induce vascular complication. Three-dimensional computed tomography angiography （3D-CTA） can make up deficiencies of DSA; therefore, it is used in clinical therapy wider and wider. OBJECTIVE ： To evaluate the clinical effect of 3D-CTA on disruption and hemorrhage of intracranial aneurysm pre- and post-operation and compare with the effect of DSA. DESIGN ： Auto-control contrast observation SETTING ： Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University PARTICIPANTS ： A number of 106 patients with disruption and hemorrhage of intracranial aneurysm were selected from the Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University from January 2003 to April 2006. All patients were diagnosed with cranial operation and consent. There were 47 males and 59 females aged from 3-76 years with the mean age of （47±13） years. Among them, 82 patients had extensive subarachnoid hemorrhage （SAH）, 7 had hemorrhage at longitudinal fissure, and 17 had hemorrhage at ambiens cistema and lateral fissure. Moreover, intraventricular hematocele was accompanied on 13 patients and hematom on 9 patients. METHODS： （1） 3D-CTA examination： Siemens SOMATOM Sensation 64 CT was used in this study. The thickness was 1 mm and interval of reconstruction was 0.8 mm. Localizing section was plainly scanned as the standard of canthus line. Scan ranged from 30 mm below sella to 50 mm above sella. Non-ion contrast medium of Omnipaque 350 （concentration of iodine was 350 g/L） was inserted into anterior vein of elbow with 18G trochar retained with high-pressured injectoc pum. The speed was 4.5 mL/s and the total volume was 80-100 mL with the means of 90 mL. Scan started at 10-20 s after injection of contrast medium. Original image was dealt with Leonardo workstation and retreated with Syngo software. Volume rendering and maximum intensity projection were used to reconstructed images, （2） All 106 patients suffered from occlusion of aneurysm clamp. Before operation, 3D-CTA was undertaken and DSA was followed. After operation, patients were rechecked with 3D-CTA. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Comparisons between 3D-CTA and DSA. RESULTS ： All 106 patients were involved in the final analysis. （1） Examination of 3D-CTA and DSA： Among 118 patients with aneurysm, 110 were checked with 3D-CTA and the detected rate was 93.2% （110/118）. Among other 8 cases, 3 were negative and checked again with DSA; 1 had pericallosal aneurysm, 1 ophthalmic aneurysm, and 1 anterior choroidal artery of aneurysm. 3D-CTA results of other 5 cases were suspicious, and then, they were regarded as having aneurysm with DSA. Before operation, correlation among site, body, neck of aneurysm and peripheral anatomic structure were shown sufficiently. After operation, 82 patients were rechecked with 3D-CTA, which was complete occlusion, precise, unobvious constriction, emphraxis or remains as compared with 3D-CTA those pre-operation. （2） Characteristics of 3D-CTA： With multiple vessels and angles, 3D-CTA observed the relationship between aneurysm neck and carried artery and showed thrombosis in cavity of aneurysm, calcification of aneurysm wall and peripheral structure of vessel at the same time. However, DSA could not detect the reactions mentioned above. It could delete image of cranium, simulate image of operative route, eliminate artifact induced by metal, but not distinguish blood stream direction. Meanwhile, posterior communicating artery was always poor during circle of Willis artery showing. CONCLUSION： （1） 3D-CTA is characterized by simple operation and non-invasive showing vascular stereo structure and correlation. Therefore, it is significant for diagnosis and designing plan of operative approach and focal location pre-operation and evaluating effect post-operation. （2） 3D-CTA does not completely replace DSA on the diagnosis of intracranial aneurysm.

Interobserver reliability of computed tomography angiography in the assessment of ruptured intracranial aneurysm and impact on patient management

BACKGROUND Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage is an emergency that can lead to a high mortality rate and many severe complications.It is critical to make a rapid radiological evaluation of ruptured intracranial aneurysms(RIAs)to determine the appropriate surgical treatment.AIM To assess the reliability of computed tomography angiography(CTA)in assessing different features of ruptured intracranial aneurysm and its impact on patient management.METHODS The final cohort of this study consisted of 146 patients with RIAs(75 male and 71 female)who underwent cerebral CTA.Their age ranged from 25 to 80,and the mean age±SD was 57±8.95 years.Two readers were asked to assess different features related to the aneurysm and perianeurysmal environment.Inter-observer agreement was measured using kappa statistics.Imaging data extracted from non-contrast computed tomography and CTA were considered to categorize the study population into two groups according to the recommended therapeutic approach.RESULTS The inter-observer agreement of both reviewers was excellent for the detection of aneurysms(K=0.95,P=0.001),aneurysm location(K=0.98,P=0.001),and(K=0.98,P=0.001),morphology(K=0.92,P=0.001)and margins(K=0.95,P=0.001).There was an excellent interobserver agreement for the measurement of aneurysm size(K=0.89,P=0.001),neck(K=0.85,P=0.001),and dome-to-neck ratio(K=0.98,P=0.001).There was an excellent inter-observer agreement for the detection of other aneurysm-related features such as thrombosis(K=0.82,P=0.001),calcification(K=1.0,P=0.001),bony landmark(K=0.89,P=0.001)and branch incorporation(K=0.91,P=0.001)as well as perianeurysmal findings including vasospasm(K=0.91,P=0.001),perianeurysmal cyst(K=1.0,P=0.001)and associated vascular lesions(K=0.83,P=0.001).Based on imaging features,87 patients were recommended to have endovascular treatment,while surgery was recommended in 59 patients.71.2%of the study population underwent the recommended therapy.CONCLUSION CTA is a reproducible promising diagnostic imaging modality for detecting and characterizing cerebral aneurysms.

Future of cardiac computed tomography

Coronary computed tomography angiography(CCTA)has become an integral tool in the noninvasive diagnostic workup of patients with suspected coronary artery disease in both elective and emergency settings. Today, it represents a mature technique providing accurate, non-invasive morphological assessment of the coronary arteries and atherosclerotic plaque burden. Iterative reconstruction algorithms, low kV imaging, and single-heart beat acquisitions hold promise to further reduce dose requirements and improve the safety and robustness of the technique in several circumstances including imaging of heavily calcified vessels, patients with morbid obesity or irregular heart rates, and assessment in the emergency setting. However, it has become clear over recent years that cardiac radiologists need to take further steps towards the development and integration of functional imaging with morphological CCTA assessment to truly provide a comprehensive evaluation of the heart. Computed tomography myocardial perfusion imaging, including both dynamic and static dual-energy approaches, has demonstrated the ability to directly assess and quantify myocardial ischemia with simultaneous CCTA acquisition with a reasonable contrast medium volume and radiation dose delivered to the patient. In order to promote CCTA in the clinical and research environments, radiologists should prepare to embrace the change from morphological to functional imaging, furnishing all the necessary resources and information to referring clinicians.

Applications of multislice CT angiography in the surgical clipping and endovascular coiling of intracranial aneurysms

Prompt diagnosis and therapy of aneurysms are critical for patients with nontraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage （SAH）.The aim of our study was to assess the clinical usefulness of multislice computed tomography angiography （CTA） in the surgical and endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms.A total of 195 cases with 206 intracranial aneurysms underwent CTA.Fifty （24%） aneurysms underwent surgical clipping while 156 （76%） aneurysms underwent endovascular coiling.In the five missed aneurysms at digital substraction angiography and the nine aneurysms with mass intracerebral hematomas,surgical treatment was successfully performed based on 16-slice CTA alone,and the other 36 aneurysms were clipped on the main basis of the CTA.The intraoperative findings correlated well with the CTA findings and all aneurysms were clipped successfully.Sixteen-slice CTA image information has been shown to determine the choice of aneurysm therapy and assist the surgical and endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms.

Three-dimensional CT angiography with volume rendering for the dignosis of multiple intracranial aneurysms

Objective: To evaluate the importance of 3D-CTA with volume rendering for the diagnosis of multiple intracranial aneurysms. Methods: Axial source images were obtained by helical CT scanning and reconstruction of 3D-CTA images was done by volume rendering technique in conjunction with multiplanar reformation. Results: In the past one year, there were 10 patients diagnosed as having multiple intracranial a-neurysms by 3D-CTA and altogether 24 aneurysms were visualized, including 10 small aneurysms (≤ 5mm. Three-dimensional CT angiography with volume rendering demonstrated aneurysms very well and provided useful information concerning the site, shape, size and spatial relationship with the surrounding vessels and bone anatomy. Conclusion: Three-dimensional CT angiography with volume rendering is a quick, reliable, and relatively noninvasive method for diagnosing multiple intracranial aneurysms. It delineates detailed aneurysmal morphology, and provides useful information for planning microsurgical approaches.

Role of pulmonary perfusion magnetic resonance imaging for the diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension:A review

Among five types of pulmonary hypertension,chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension(CTEPH)is the only curable form,but prompt and accurate diagnosis can be challenging.Computed tomography and nuclear medicine-based techniques are standard imaging modalities to non-invasively diagnose CTEPH,however these are limited by radiation exposure,subjective qualitative bias,and lack of cardiac functional assessment.This review aims to assess the methodology,diagnostic accuracy of pulmonary perfusion imaging in the current literature and discuss its advantages,limitations and future research scope.

Three-dimensional CT angiography and surgical correlation in the evaluation of intracranial aneurysms

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of three-dimensional CT angiography in the surgical treatment of intracranial aneurysms. METHODS: Twenty-four patients suspected of intracranial aneurysms underwent routine catheter four-vessel angiography, three dimensional CT angiography (3D-CTA), magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) or conventional digital subtraction angiography (DSA). RESULTS: A total of 28 aneurysms were detected by CT angiography in this study. Twenty-one patients each had a single aneurysm, two patients each had two aneurysms, and one had three aneurysms. The shapes of aneurysms revealed by 3D-CTA were round in 20 lesions, elliptical in 5, and 1 obulated in 3. Of the 24 lesions which were completely disclosed during surgery, the shapes correlated well with the 3D-CT angiograms. The mean diameter of the aneurysmal neck was 5.9 mm in 3D-CTA images, with the smallest being 1.6 mm and the largest 13.7 mm. The size was very close to the actual size measured at surgery (P

3D-Slicer重建CTA在颅内动脉瘤夹闭术后随访中的应用

目的 探究基于3D-Slicer后处理CT血管造影(CTA)在颅内动脉瘤夹闭术后复查中的应用价值。方法 回顾性收集57例动脉瘤夹闭术患者的术后CTA影像资料,图像后处理方法包括多平面重组(MPR)、容积再现(VR)及最大密度投影重组(MIP),并与放射科工作站处理结果进行定性、定量对比,评价其临床应用价值。结果 57例患者69个动脉瘤共夹闭63个,术后CTA除5例图像质量不佳,余均可轻清晰显示瘤夹位置、残余瘤体、载瘤动脉瘤通畅性;术后CTA见2例夹闭不全,2例新发动脉瘤,9例血管广泛痉挛显影浅淡;脑出血3例,脑积水5例,脑梗死1例,以上结果与放射科工作站一致。两种方法重建3D-CTA对于夹闭后载瘤动脉瘤管径大小呈现无统计学差异,且一致性高。结论 3D-Slicer软件对于夹闭术后CTA的图像后处理结果令人满意,可作为一种备选的工具服务于临床。

CT及磁共振血管成像诊断颅内动脉瘤的价值

目的分析CT血管成像(computed tomography angiography,CTA)、磁共振血管成像(magnetic resonance angiography,MRA)诊断颅内动脉瘤的价值。方法选取2020年6月-2023年1月广西贵港市人民医院90例疑似颅内动脉瘤患者,均接受CAT及MRA检查,将数字减影血管成像(digital subtraction angiography,DSA)或手术病理学检查结果作为金标准,比较两种方法检出情况、测量颅内动脉瘤瘤体直径与瘤颈宽度、对比不同大小的颅内动脉瘤检出情况,分析两种方法单独及联合诊断颅内动脉瘤的价值。结果90例疑似颅内动脉瘤患者经CTA检查后诊出64例单发颅内动脉瘤,经MRA检查后诊出61例单发颅内动脉瘤,两种方法检出情况比较无明显差异(P>0.05);当瘤体<3 mm时CTA检出率93.33%高于MRA 60.00%(P<0.05);CTA诊断颅内动脉瘤的准确率83.33%、敏感度83.56%、特异度82.35%、Kappa值=0.548;MRA诊断颅内动脉瘤的准确率82.22%、敏感度80.82%、特异度88.24%、Kappa值=0.543;CTA联合MRA诊断颅内动脉瘤的准确率95.56%、敏感度95.89%、特异度94.12%、Kappa值=0.861。结论CTA与MRA均可用于诊断颅内动脉瘤,其中CTA可明显提高<3 mm的微小颅内动脉瘤诊出率,但联合应用时的敏感度更高。

颅内动脉瘤栓塞术后能谱CTA联合MAR的临床研究

目的:评价颅内动脉瘤栓塞术后能谱CTA联合去金属伪影技术(MAR)的应用价值。方法:收集37例颅内动脉瘤栓塞术后需行能谱头颈CTA检查患者的CT原始数据,分别重建出70~140 keV单能级图像、120 kVp-like混合能量图像及70~140 keV MAR处理图像和120kVp-like MAR图像;感兴趣区(ROI)放置在伪影最严重层面的线圈附近,测量CT值及标准差(SD),计算伪影指数(AI)及信噪比(SNR);在主观分析方面,由两名诊断医生采用Likert 5分量表法对所有图像的伪影程度和血管显示能力进行评估;比较MAR组和非MAR组图像的主观评分和客观参数。采用Wilcoxon秩和检验、配对样本t检验及独立样本t检验比较各组图像之间的差异。结果:8组单能量图像上,MAR图像的AI明显低于非MAR图像;在80~110 keV条件下,MAR图像SNR高于非MAR组,差异具有统计学意义;相同keV下,与非MAR组相比,MAR组图像的伪影评分及周围血管显示主观评分得分均更高。对于非MAR处理图像,AI值与周围血管显示评分在植入不同直径弹簧圈的患者图像上没有统计学差;对于MAR图像,较大直径弹簧圈组(>8.79 mm)患者图像的AI值明显高于常规直径组,而周围血管显示主观评分明显低于常规直径组。结论:能谱CTA成像联合MAR可有效减少颅内动脉瘤栓塞植入物伪影,改善周围血管显示,对于小直径的弹簧圈MAR减少伪影效果最为显著。

多模态影像评估主动脉瓣置换术后左心室逆重构研究进展

慢性主动脉瓣狭窄及反流可导致左心室重构,这些变化在瓣膜置换术后是否可逆及可逆程度是影响外科手术时机和患者预后的主要决定因素。影像技术是目前常用于评估心肌结构与功能的无创性方法,其中超声心动图及增强CT有助于人工瓣功能评估和左心室形变监测,心脏磁共振及PET/CT有助于识别术后心纤维化的进展及消退,这些技术综合应用可早期诊断和无创检测术后左心室逆重构,从而改善临床结局。本文综述多模态影像学技术对主动脉瓣置换术后左心室逆重构评估及应用进展。

颈动脉周围脂肪密度预测颅内斑块易损性的可行性研究

目的 探讨颈动脉周围脂肪密度与不同类型颈动脉斑块及颅内斑块易损性的相关性。方法 回顾性分析90例同时行颈动脉计算机断层成像血管造影及高分辨率血管壁磁共振成像检查并诊断为颈动脉粥样硬化斑块的患者临床资料。根据颈动脉计算机断层成像血管造影中斑块成分将颈动脉斑块分为钙化斑块组(n=22)、混合斑块组(n=23)和非钙化斑块组(n=45)。筛选颈动脉周围脂肪组织炎症更重的混合斑块组和非钙化斑块组中存在同侧颅内动脉斑块患者49例,根据高分辨率血管壁磁共振成像检查将其分为易损斑块组(n=36)和稳定斑块组(n=13)。使用Perivascular Fat Analysis Tool软件和手动勾画相结合方式识别和测量颈动脉斑块周围脂肪密度。独立样本t检验、单因素方差分析、Mann-Whitney U检验、Kruskal-Wallis秩和检验和χ2检验用于比较组间差异。绘制受试者操作特征曲线分析模型评估颅内斑块易损性。结果 钙化斑块组、混合斑块组和非钙化斑块组颈动脉周围脂肪密度值分别为-53.03[-46.02,-56.12]、-43.18[-39.30,-46.07]、-42.88[-39.86,-47.29]。与钙化斑块组相比,非钙化斑块组和混合斑块组颈动脉周围脂肪密度更高(P<0.001)。颈动脉周围脂肪密度是颅内易损斑块的独立危险因素(P=0.003,OR=1.165,95%CI:[1.054,1.287])。颈动脉周围脂肪密度对颅内动脉斑块易损性具有较好的预测价值,受试者操作特征曲线下面积为0.786,灵敏度和特异度分别为91.67%、61.54%。结论 颈动脉周围脂肪密度是预测颈动脉不同类型斑块及颅内动脉斑块易损性的有效标记物,可以为影像诊断提供支持。

基于宽体探测器CTP提取4D-CTA最佳重建参数的研究

目的:探讨基于320排640层宽体探测器CT全脑容积灌注数据提取动态四维CT血管成像(4D-CTA)的最佳重建参数。方法:回顾性收集30例行颅脑CT灌注成像(CTP)检查的原始数据,提取动脉峰值相,采用滤波反投影(FBP)和混合迭代重建算法(AIDR 3D)重建层厚/层间距为1/1 mm、0.5/0.5mm、0.5/0.25 mm的薄层图像,分别记为F1、F2、F3、A1、A2、A3组。测量大脑中动脉和及周围脑实质的CT值和噪声(SD),计算信噪比(SNR)和对比度噪声比(CNR)。用最大密度投影(MIP)和实景渲染技术(cVRT)重组血管,2名放射科医生采用5分法评估血管显示的清晰度、锐利度以及图像噪声。采用单因素方差分析、Kruskal-Wallis H检验和组内相关系数(ICC)进行统计学分析。结果:6组客观评价指标中仅CT值差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。SD以A3组最低,A2组次之,都仅与F1组差异有统计学意义;SNR以A3组最高,A2组次之,A3组与F1组和F2组差异有统计学意义,A2组与F1组差异有统计学意义;CNR以A2组最高,A1组次之,A3组第三(三者差异无统计学意义),都与F1组、F2组、F3组差异有统计学意义。MIP评分和cVRT评分在6组之间差异显著(P<0.05),均是A3组最高,且A3组与A2组之间差异无统计学意义。MIP评分和cVRT评分具有良好的一致性(ICC分别为0.810和0.633)。3种层厚/层间距组合数据量分别为8.74 MB、17.6 MB和35.7 MB。结论:基于320排640层宽体探测器CT全脑容积灌注数据提取4D-CTA图像,重建参数为0.5/0.5 mm或0.5/0.25 mm结合ADIR 3D图像质量最优,综合数据量大小,推荐0.5/0.5 mm联合ADIR 3D的重建组合。

高密度脂蛋白胆固醇与症状性颅内动脉粥样硬化性狭窄患者脑组织低灌注的相关性研究

目的:探讨高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)与症状性颅内动脉粥样硬化性狭窄(ICAS)患者低灌注的相关性。方法:回顾性分析2017年1月至2022年12月就诊于鄂尔多斯市中心医院神经内科接受血管内介入治疗的症状性单侧颈内动脉C4-7段或大脑中动脉M1段狭窄(50%~99%)导致的缺血性卒中患者的临床资料,根据其计算机断层扫描灌注(CTP)成像将患者分为低灌注组(半暗带体积≥15 mL)和非低灌注组(半暗带体积<15 mL)。比较2组间临床资料的差异,单因素显著的指标进入多因素二元logistics回归分析,多因素显著的指标进行ROC曲线分析。结果:共纳入患者120例,其中48例(40%)存在CTP低灌注;组间差异分析显示CTP非低灌注组的侧支循环分级明显优于低灌注组(P<0.05),低灌注组的HDL-C水平显著低于非低灌注组(P<0.05),多因素logistics回归分析表明HDL-C降低是症状性ICAS患者脑组织低灌注的独立危险因素(OR=0.021,P=0.035,95%CI 0.001~0.756),最佳临界值为1.02 mmol/L,此时ROC曲线下面积达到0.759,P<0.05,敏感度为91.67%,特异度为55.56%,95%CI为0.569~0.896。结论:症状性ICAS患者CTP低灌注组的HDL-C显著低于非低灌注组,HDL-C降低是症状性ICAS患者脑组织低灌注的独立危险因素。

3D-数字减影血管造影联合Innova-计算机断层扫描功能在颅内支架辅助动脉瘤弹簧圈栓塞术后复查中的应用

目的探讨颅内支架辅助动脉瘤弹簧圈栓塞术复查时3D-数字减影血管造影(DSA)联合Innova-计算机断层扫描(CT)的影像学表现对患者术后评估的影响。方法收集2021年1月至2022年12月安徽医科大学第三临床学院/合肥市第三人民医院收治的104例颅内支架辅助动脉瘤弹簧圈栓塞术后复查患者的临床资料,所有患者均行3D-DSA和Innova-CT扫描,由两名神经介入医师对重建后的图像从术后颅内动脉瘤栓塞程度、支架打开情况及重建图像的质量方面进行评估。结果104例颅内支架辅助动脉瘤弹簧圈栓塞术后复查患者均通过3D-DSA联合Innova-CT检查获得了精确、全面的术后评估。两名神经介入医师对术后颅内动脉瘤栓塞程度、颅内动脉瘤支架打开情况的评估分级比较,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。Innova-CT图像支架金属丝显影清晰,弹簧圈金属伪影不明显,图像质量显著提高。3D-DSA和Innova-CT的图像质量比较,差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。Kappa检验结果显示,两名神经介入医师评估术后颅内动脉瘤栓塞程度、支架打开情况、铂金标记点、镍钛金属丝、弹簧圈金属伪影的Kappa值均≥0.75,具有较高的一致性。结论Innova-CT在颅内支架辅助动脉瘤弹簧圈栓塞术后复查中,特别是在支架打开情况的显示方面具有独特的优势,可作为3D-DSA的补充检查方式,使检查更加完善,对颅内支架辅助动脉瘤弹簧圈栓塞术后复查情况的评估具有指导作用。

人工智能技术在头颈部多层螺旋CT血管造影诊断颅内动脉瘤中的价值

目的:探讨人工智能(AI)技术在头颈部多层螺旋CT血管造影(CTA)中对颅内动脉瘤(IA)的诊断价值。方法:回顾性分析2022年1月至2023年12月福建中医药大学福总教学医院临床首诊137例疑似颅内动脉瘤患者的病例资料,所有患者均行CTA及数字减影血管造影(DSA)检查,以DSA检查结果为“金标准”,分别通过人工后处理及诊断与头颈CTA智能辅助诊断系统诊断,分析两种技术诊断对颅内动脉瘤的工作效率以及检出效能。结果:137例疑似颅内动脉瘤患者,经DSA检查,112例患者检出139个动脉瘤,AI技术后处理时间(190.25±30.71)s较人工技术(954.37±95.68)s明显缩短,差异有统计学意义(t=92.020,P<0.001),且图像质量较高。人工技术动脉瘤检出102例,与“金标准”的一致性较好(Kappa=0.713),AI技术检出93例,与“金标准”的一致性中等(Kappa=0.518),人工技术与AI技术对有无蛛网膜下腔出血的颅内动脉瘤的诊断准确性均较高,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);人工技术和AI技术诊断的大脑前动脉、大脑中动脉、大脑后动脉、前交通动脉、后交通动脉、椎-基底动脉及颈内动脉动脉瘤检出率分别为80.00%vs.80.00%、92.59%vs.81.48%、100.00%vs. 100.00%、84.00%vs. 52.00%、83.33%vs. 0%、80.00%vs. 60.00%、69.23%vs. 57.69%,对小脑后下动脉病变均未检出,总体检出率为78.42%vs. 57.55%,人工技术对病变部位总检出率较AI技术高,差异有统计学意义(x2=13.899,P<0.05)。瘤体直径<3 mm的病变DSA检出有7例、人工技术识别3例、AI技术识别1例;3~5 mm的病变DSA检出有60例、人工技术识别50例、AI技术识别43例;>5 mm的病变DSA检出有72例、人工技术识别63例、AI技术识别63例,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:采用AI技术,能够显著提升颅内动脉瘤诊断的工作效率,并获得更优质的图像后处理效果。尽管AI技术在颅内动脉瘤的诊断中已展现出一定的参考辅助价值,但在诊断准确度及精确识别病变位置方面,AI技术仍低于人工诊断,需要通过进一步的深度学习来提高其诊断能力。

数字减影血管造影和头颈部CT血管造影对颅内动脉瘤的诊断价值

目的 探讨数字减影血管造影和头颈部CT血管造影对68例颅内动脉瘤患者的诊断价值。方法 本研究中68例颅内动脉瘤均来源于河南科技大学第一附属医院,选取时间为2021年8月到2023年8月,进行回顾性分析,所有患者均进行数字减影血管造影和头颈部CT血管造影检查。将手术结果作为金标准,比较数字减影血管造影和头颈部CT血管造影检查方法的诊断符合率,比较2种检查方法对不同部位动脉瘤显示情况,比较2种检查方法对不同大小动脉瘤的检出情况。结果 头颈部CT血管造影检查颅内动脉瘤的诊断符合率为93%,数字减影血管造影检查颅内动脉瘤的诊断符合率为94%,经对比,2种方法的诊断符合率对比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);头颈部CT血管造影、数字减影血管造影对后交通动脉、前交通动脉、大脑轻动脉等部位的检出率比较,差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05);手术结果证实68例患者共有80个动脉瘤,其中>3 mm的有42个,≤3 mm的有38个,2种检查方法诊断>3 mm动脉瘤的检出情况经对比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),针对≤3 mm的动脉瘤,数字减影血管造影的检出率比头颈部CT血管造影高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),头颈部CT血管造影对>3 mm动脉瘤的检出率比≤3 mm的检查率高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),数字减影血管造影对>3 mm、≤3 mm的检出率经对比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 在对颅内动脉瘤患者的诊断中,采用数字减影血管造影和头颈部CT血管造影检查各有优劣势,其中头颈部CT血管造影检查可对患者早期确诊,但该方法无法对微小、特殊位置的动脉瘤准确诊断,联合数字减影血管造影可提高诊断准确率,从而为临床医生制定治疗方案提供一定的参考依据。

256层螺旋CT三维血管成像与三维DSA诊断颅内动脉瘤的对比分析

目的对比256层螺旋CT三维血管成像(3D-CTA)与三维数字减影血管造影(3D-DSA)诊断颅内动脉瘤的价值。方法回顾性分析46例就诊时临床表现疑似为蛛网膜下腔出血(SAH)或MR血管成像检查怀疑为颅内动脉瘤的患者,全部行头颈联合3D-CTA及3D-DSA检查,两名影像科医师使用盲法独立判读所有患者的3D-CTA图像,3D-DSA的图像由1名从事血管介入的神经科医师和1名介入影像科医师共同判读确定。以3D-DSA检出动脉瘤的数目为标准,评估3D-cTA的敏感性、特异性以及两名3D-CTA阅片者、3D-CTA与3D-DSA技术之间,在动脉瘤检出数量的一致性;测量动脉瘤瘤体最大径,以3D-DSA图像测量值为标准,比较两名3D-CTA阅片者用3D-CTA容积重建图像测量瘤体最大径的差异以及3D-CTA容积重建与3D-DSA图像在瘤体最大径测量上的差异。结果 3D-DSA对46例患者中的37例共检出49个动脉瘤,其余9例未被发现动脉瘤。①3D-CTA在检出动脉瘤数目方面的敏感性为91.8%～93.9%,特异性为77.8%～100%。②对<3mm的动脉瘤,3D-CTA的敏感性均为83.3%,特异性为77.8%～100%。③从动脉瘤的检出率方面,3D-CTA阅片者以及3D-CTA与3D-DSA技术之间一致性均较高(分别为κ=0.730,κ=0.686～0.777)。④两名医师采用3D-CTA法测量的瘤体最大径与3D-DSA法的测量值,以及两名医师的3D-CTA测量值之间均存在高度相关性,均r值=0.996,均P值<0.001。结论 256层螺旋CT 3D-CTA对动脉瘤检出的敏感性和特异性均较高,3D-CTA对动脉瘤的检出率和瘤体最大径测量与3D-DSA一致性较高,可以作为疑似动脉瘤患者的首选筛查方法。但其对瘤体最大径<3mm的动脉瘤仍有假阴性的表现。在高度怀疑动脉瘤而3D-CTA结果显示为阴性时,仍需进一步行3D-DSA检查。

探讨64排CTA诊断颅内动脉瘤的一致性

目的评估64排CTA对颅内动脉瘤诊断价值的一致性。方法对34例自发性蛛网膜下腔出血(SAH)患者行MSCTA检查,由3名CT医师采用双盲法观察图像,描述动脉瘤特征,测量瘤体和瘤颈最宽径,并与DSA和手术对照。结果 MSCTA诊断颅内动脉瘤的平均敏感度和特异度分别为97.70%、85.71%;3 mm以下颅内动脉瘤平均敏感度和特异度分别为83.33%、85.71%。不同观察者、不同检查技术间MSCTA检出动脉瘤的一致性平均组内相关系数(ICC)分别为0.816、0.847。不同观察者、不同检查技术间MSCTA测量动脉瘤体的一致性平均ICC分别为0.913、0.942。不同观察者、不同检查技术间MSCTA测量动脉瘤颈的一致性平均ICC分别为0.770、0.808。同一观察者不同观察时间测量瘤体和瘤颈的一致性平均ICC分别为0.943、0.872。结论 MSCTA诊断颅内动脉瘤敏感性高、特异性强,且检出动脉瘤、测量瘤体及瘤颈的一致性较好,可明确SAH病因。

64排螺旋CT血管造影对颅内多发动脉瘤的诊治价值:附25例报告

目的探讨64排螺旋CT血管造影(CTA)诊断颅内多发动脉瘤(MIA)的临床价值。方法选择25例MIA患者(男9例,女16例,年龄17～68岁)进行64排螺旋CTA检查,层厚0.625mm,后处理技术包括多层面重建(MPR)、表面遮盖三维重建(3-SSD)、容积显示重建(VR)、最大密度投影重建(MIP),并对照手术及介入栓塞治疗结果评估其临床诊断价值。结果 25例患者经64排螺旋CTA共发现61个动脉瘤,其中2个动脉瘤者17例,3个动脉瘤者6例,4个动脉瘤者1例,5个动脉瘤者1例。64排螺旋CTA能清晰显示MIA,并能清晰显示每个动脉瘤的瘤体大小、瘤颈、瘤顶指向、载瘤动脉以及动脉瘤与周围血管和骨性组织的空间关系。手术治疗21例,介入栓塞治疗4例,64排螺旋CTA所显示的61个动脉瘤的位置、大小、形态及与周围结构的关系与手术和介入栓塞治疗所见一致。结论 64排螺旋CTA诊断MIA准确性较高,可作为MIA的首选诊断方法,且在指导动脉瘤治疗方面可对全脑数字减影血管造影起到重要补充作用。