Purpose: Surgical templates produced by digital simulation and CAD/CAM allow for three-dimensional control of implant placement. However, due to clinical limitations, there are complications during the use of the temp...Purpose: Surgical templates produced by digital simulation and CAD/CAM allow for three-dimensional control of implant placement. However, due to clinical limitations, there are complications during the use of the template. The purpose of this study was to summarize the complications associated with the use of surgical templates for static computer-aided implant surgery. Methods: Complications were collected during the observation period, and then their implant sites were reanalyzed with simulation software. Results: There were 104 cases during the observation period, 5 cases had complications. Mechanical complications were observed in four cases, including three cases in which the frame of the template fractured during implant placement surgery and one case in which the sleeve fell off the surgical template. In one case, there was an error in the planned position. All cases were mandibular molar cases, and all cases of frame fracture were at the free end defect site. All cases had a Hounsfield unit of more than 700 at the implant site, and some of them had a significantly small jaw opening. Conclusion: Although the spread of CAD/CAM surgical templates has made it possible to avoid problems caused by the position of the implant, it has been difficult to avoid fractures in cases of mandibular free end defects with high Hounsfield unit.展开更多
In this paper, we review some mathematical models in medical image processing. Due to the superiority in modeling and computation, variational methods have been proven to be powerful techniques, which have been extrem...In this paper, we review some mathematical models in medical image processing. Due to the superiority in modeling and computation, variational methods have been proven to be powerful techniques, which have been extremely popular and dramatically improved in the past two decades. On one hand, many models have been proposed for nearly all kinds of applications. On the other hand, a lot of models can be globally optimized and also many computation tools have been introduced. Under the variational framework, we focus on two basic problems in medical imaging： image restoration and segmentation, which are core components for kinds of specific tasks. For image restoration, we discuss some models on both additive and multiplicative noises. For image segmentation, we review some models on both whole image segmentation and specific target delineation, with the later being a key step in computer aided surgery. Additionally, we present some models on liver delineation and give their applications to living donor liver transplantation.展开更多
Medical treatment of patients inherently entails the risk of undesired complication or side effects. It is essential to inform the patient about the expected outcomes, but also the possible undesired outcomes. The pat...Medical treatment of patients inherently entails the risk of undesired complication or side effects. It is essential to inform the patient about the expected outcomes, but also the possible undesired outcomes. The patients preference and values regarding the potential outcomes should be involved in the decision making process. Even though many orthopaedic surgeons are positive towards shared decision-making, it is minimally introduced in the orthopaedic daily practice and decision-making is still mostly physician based. Decision aids are designed to support the physician and patient in the shareddecision-making process. By using decision aids, patients can learn more about their condition and treatment options in advance to the decision-making. This will reduce decisional conflict and improve participation and satisfaction.展开更多
<strong>Objective:</strong> Summarizing the nursing points from the treatment of the 13 cases of AIDS-related acute retinal necrosis syndrome (ARNS). <strong>Methods:</strong> Retrospective ana...<strong>Objective:</strong> Summarizing the nursing points from the treatment of the 13 cases of AIDS-related acute retinal necrosis syndrome (ARNS). <strong>Methods:</strong> Retrospective analysis of clinical nursing process of 13 cases (15 eyes) of AIDS-related ARNS patient treated in our hospital from January to December 2019. <strong>Results: </strong>The retina of all the patients were flat after operation. Postoperative visual acuity: bilateral visual acuity < 0.05 in 3 cases, >0.1 in 11 eyes, 0.01 - 0.1 in 3 eyes, >0.1 in 1 eye. No adverse events and nursing safety events occurred. Patients recovered well after operation during the follow-up after discharge. <strong>Conclusion: </strong>The focus of nursing care for patients with HIV/AIDS combined with acute retinal necrosis during daytime surgery is multifaceted, apart from the daily, perioperative nursing in day-care unit, continuous nursing, psychological counseling, disinfection and isolation should be paid attention to. At the same time, with the help of promotion and application of information education means, the treatment compliance of patients can be improved, which plays an essential role in the advance of the treatment effect.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the levels of zinc-α-2-glycoprotein(ZAG) among Omani AIDS patients receiving combined antiretroviral therapy(cART).Methods:A total of 80 Omani AIDS patients(45 males and 33 females),average a...Objective:To investigate the levels of zinc-α-2-glycoprotein(ZAG) among Omani AIDS patients receiving combined antiretroviral therapy(cART).Methods:A total of 80 Omani AIDS patients(45 males and 33 females),average age of 36 vears.who were receiving cART at the Saltan Qaboos University Hospital(SQUH).Muscat,Oman,were tested for the levels of ZAG.In addition,SO healthy blood donors(46 males and 34 females),average age of 26 years,attending the SOUH Blood Bank,were tested in parallel as a control group.Measurement of the ZAG levels was performed using a competitive enzyme—linked immunosorbent assay and in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions.Results:The ZAG levels were found to he significantly higher among AIDS patients compared to the healthy individuals(P=0.033).A total of 56(70%) of the AIDS patients were found to have higher levels of ZAG and 16(20%) AIDS patients were found to have high ZAG levels,which are significantly(P>0.031) associated with weight loss.Conclusions:ZAG levels are high among Omani AIDS patients on cART and this necessitales the measurement of ZAG on routine basis,as it is associated with weight loss.展开更多
The earliest and most accurate detection of the pathological manifestations of hepatic diseases ensures effective treatments and thus positive prognostic outcomes.In clinical settings,screening and determining the ext...The earliest and most accurate detection of the pathological manifestations of hepatic diseases ensures effective treatments and thus positive prognostic outcomes.In clinical settings,screening and determining the extent of a pathology are prominent factors in preparing remedial agents and administering approp-riate therapeutic procedures.Moreover,in a patient undergoing liver resection,a realistic preoperative simulation of the subject-specific anatomy and physiology also plays a vital part in conducting initial assessments,making surgical decisions during the procedure,and anticipating postoperative results.Conventionally,various medical imaging modalities,e.g.,computed tomography,magnetic resonance imaging,and positron emission tomography,have been employed to assist in these tasks.In fact,several standardized procedures,such as lesion detection and liver segmentation,are also incorporated into prominent commercial software packages.Thus far,most integrated software as a medical device typically involves tedious interactions from the physician,such as manual delineation and empirical adjustments,as per a given patient.With the rapid progress in digital health approaches,especially medical image analysis,a wide range of computer algorithms have been proposed to facilitate those procedures.They include pattern recognition of a liver,its periphery,and lesion,as well as pre-and postoperative simulations.Prior to clinical adoption,however,software must conform to regulatory requirements set by the governing agency,for instance,valid clinical association and analytical and clinical validation.Therefore,this paper provides a detailed account and discussion of the state-of-the-art methods for liver image analyses,visualization,and simulation in the literature.Emphasis is placed upon their concepts,algorithmic classifications,merits,limitations,clinical considerations,and future research trends.展开更多
文摘Purpose: Surgical templates produced by digital simulation and CAD/CAM allow for three-dimensional control of implant placement. However, due to clinical limitations, there are complications during the use of the template. The purpose of this study was to summarize the complications associated with the use of surgical templates for static computer-aided implant surgery. Methods: Complications were collected during the observation period, and then their implant sites were reanalyzed with simulation software. Results: There were 104 cases during the observation period, 5 cases had complications. Mechanical complications were observed in four cases, including three cases in which the frame of the template fractured during implant placement surgery and one case in which the sleeve fell off the surgical template. In one case, there was an error in the planned position. All cases were mandibular molar cases, and all cases of frame fracture were at the free end defect site. All cases had a Hounsfield unit of more than 700 at the implant site, and some of them had a significantly small jaw opening. Conclusion: Although the spread of CAD/CAM surgical templates has made it possible to avoid problems caused by the position of the implant, it has been difficult to avoid fractures in cases of mandibular free end defects with high Hounsfield unit.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (11101365)a National Science and Technology Project during the twelfth five-year plan of China (2012BAI10B04)
文摘In this paper, we review some mathematical models in medical image processing. Due to the superiority in modeling and computation, variational methods have been proven to be powerful techniques, which have been extremely popular and dramatically improved in the past two decades. On one hand, many models have been proposed for nearly all kinds of applications. On the other hand, a lot of models can be globally optimized and also many computation tools have been introduced. Under the variational framework, we focus on two basic problems in medical imaging： image restoration and segmentation, which are core components for kinds of specific tasks. For image restoration, we discuss some models on both additive and multiplicative noises. For image segmentation, we review some models on both whole image segmentation and specific target delineation, with the later being a key step in computer aided surgery. Additionally, we present some models on liver delineation and give their applications to living donor liver transplantation.
文摘Medical treatment of patients inherently entails the risk of undesired complication or side effects. It is essential to inform the patient about the expected outcomes, but also the possible undesired outcomes. The patients preference and values regarding the potential outcomes should be involved in the decision making process. Even though many orthopaedic surgeons are positive towards shared decision-making, it is minimally introduced in the orthopaedic daily practice and decision-making is still mostly physician based. Decision aids are designed to support the physician and patient in the shareddecision-making process. By using decision aids, patients can learn more about their condition and treatment options in advance to the decision-making. This will reduce decisional conflict and improve participation and satisfaction.
文摘<strong>Objective:</strong> Summarizing the nursing points from the treatment of the 13 cases of AIDS-related acute retinal necrosis syndrome (ARNS). <strong>Methods:</strong> Retrospective analysis of clinical nursing process of 13 cases (15 eyes) of AIDS-related ARNS patient treated in our hospital from January to December 2019. <strong>Results: </strong>The retina of all the patients were flat after operation. Postoperative visual acuity: bilateral visual acuity < 0.05 in 3 cases, >0.1 in 11 eyes, 0.01 - 0.1 in 3 eyes, >0.1 in 1 eye. No adverse events and nursing safety events occurred. Patients recovered well after operation during the follow-up after discharge. <strong>Conclusion: </strong>The focus of nursing care for patients with HIV/AIDS combined with acute retinal necrosis during daytime surgery is multifaceted, apart from the daily, perioperative nursing in day-care unit, continuous nursing, psychological counseling, disinfection and isolation should be paid attention to. At the same time, with the help of promotion and application of information education means, the treatment compliance of patients can be improved, which plays an essential role in the advance of the treatment effect.
基金Supported by the Research Council of the Sultanate of Oman(RC/MED/MICR/11/01)the College of Medicine and Health Sciences,Sultan Qaboos University(Internal-Grant/2013).Oman
文摘Objective:To investigate the levels of zinc-α-2-glycoprotein(ZAG) among Omani AIDS patients receiving combined antiretroviral therapy(cART).Methods:A total of 80 Omani AIDS patients(45 males and 33 females),average age of 36 vears.who were receiving cART at the Saltan Qaboos University Hospital(SQUH).Muscat,Oman,were tested for the levels of ZAG.In addition,SO healthy blood donors(46 males and 34 females),average age of 26 years,attending the SOUH Blood Bank,were tested in parallel as a control group.Measurement of the ZAG levels was performed using a competitive enzyme—linked immunosorbent assay and in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions.Results:The ZAG levels were found to he significantly higher among AIDS patients compared to the healthy individuals(P=0.033).A total of 56(70%) of the AIDS patients were found to have higher levels of ZAG and 16(20%) AIDS patients were found to have high ZAG levels,which are significantly(P>0.031) associated with weight loss.Conclusions:ZAG levels are high among Omani AIDS patients on cART and this necessitales the measurement of ZAG on routine basis,as it is associated with weight loss.
文摘The earliest and most accurate detection of the pathological manifestations of hepatic diseases ensures effective treatments and thus positive prognostic outcomes.In clinical settings,screening and determining the extent of a pathology are prominent factors in preparing remedial agents and administering approp-riate therapeutic procedures.Moreover,in a patient undergoing liver resection,a realistic preoperative simulation of the subject-specific anatomy and physiology also plays a vital part in conducting initial assessments,making surgical decisions during the procedure,and anticipating postoperative results.Conventionally,various medical imaging modalities,e.g.,computed tomography,magnetic resonance imaging,and positron emission tomography,have been employed to assist in these tasks.In fact,several standardized procedures,such as lesion detection and liver segmentation,are also incorporated into prominent commercial software packages.Thus far,most integrated software as a medical device typically involves tedious interactions from the physician,such as manual delineation and empirical adjustments,as per a given patient.With the rapid progress in digital health approaches,especially medical image analysis,a wide range of computer algorithms have been proposed to facilitate those procedures.They include pattern recognition of a liver,its periphery,and lesion,as well as pre-and postoperative simulations.Prior to clinical adoption,however,software must conform to regulatory requirements set by the governing agency,for instance,valid clinical association and analytical and clinical validation.Therefore,this paper provides a detailed account and discussion of the state-of-the-art methods for liver image analyses,visualization,and simulation in the literature.Emphasis is placed upon their concepts,algorithmic classifications,merits,limitations,clinical considerations,and future research trends.
