We discuss here essential aspects of the experimental supercapacitors characterization by a series of well-known electrochemical methods.We are motivated by a considerable number of publications that misreport procedu...We discuss here essential aspects of the experimental supercapacitors characterization by a series of well-known electrochemical methods.We are motivated by a considerable number of publications that misreport procedures and results.Authors often conceal or neglect essential information about the electrochemical analytical apparatus used and its configuration.The lack of such information may lead researchers,especially inexperienced ones,to misunderstand the procedures and results.Eventually,the misled electrochemical equipment configuration favors misinterpretation of data and low reproducibility rates.This paper aims to highlight these issues and clarify them.We explain fundamental concepts of some electrochemical analytical methods,such as cyclic voltammetry,galvanostatic charge-discharge,single potential step chronoamperometry,and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy,focusing on the supercapacitor field.Distinct configurations of electrical parameters are presented and discussed to highlight the effects of incorrect setup and uncover misleading results.We discuss how the electrochemical setup and data analyses matter in reliable data results for the supercapacitor.展开更多
探讨和解决了电化学噪声技术在核电环境材料腐蚀损伤检测应用的关键问题,建立了基于零阻电流(ZRA)检测的SCC电化学噪声测试体系。采用小面积的Pt或表面热喷涂陶瓷涂层的工作电极材料作为对电极,研制适用于核电现场检测的多种电化学传感...探讨和解决了电化学噪声技术在核电环境材料腐蚀损伤检测应用的关键问题,建立了基于零阻电流(ZRA)检测的SCC电化学噪声测试体系。采用小面积的Pt或表面热喷涂陶瓷涂层的工作电极材料作为对电极,研制适用于核电现场检测的多种电化学传感器。运用Compact R IO模块化仪器和设计制作的基于ZRA电路的电化学噪声测试模块,实现电位-电流噪声的同步测量和采集。成功研制出便携式核电材料损伤检测系统。应用研制的测试系统和电化学传感器研究了高温高压和动态水环境304不锈钢的电化学噪声谱特征。并初步实现了在役核电站辅助车间不锈钢管道表面直接腐蚀检测和钢厂动力锅炉连续排污管的现场腐蚀检测,取得了比较满意的结果。展开更多
电化学频率调制(electrochemical frequency modulation,EFM)是一种腐蚀速度检测的新方法,能够同时测得腐蚀电流密度和Tafel常数。本文以恒电位仪、笔记本电脑、数据采集卡和LabVIEW开发的应用程序建立了EFM测试系统,将其用于低碳钢/海...电化学频率调制(electrochemical frequency modulation,EFM)是一种腐蚀速度检测的新方法,能够同时测得腐蚀电流密度和Tafel常数。本文以恒电位仪、笔记本电脑、数据采集卡和LabVIEW开发的应用程序建立了EFM测试系统,将其用于低碳钢/海水体系,研究了扰动频率等测试参数对EFM测试结果的影响。在实验室应用EFM方法检测了Q235钢在NaCl溶液和舟山海水中的早期腐蚀速度,并与其他电化学方法进行了比较。结果表明,在低碳钢/海水体系中EFM方法测得的腐蚀速度因界面电容行为的影响而偏大,但EFM技术和测试系统仍然可以作为海洋腐蚀现场检测的一种理想选择。展开更多
基金the financial support from the Brazilian funding agencies CNPq(310544/2019-0)FAPESP(2014/02163-7,2017/11958-1&2016/08645-9)+2 种基金FAPEMIG(Financial support for the LMMA/UFVJM Laboratory)CNPq(PQ-2 grant:Process 301095/2018-3)the support from Shell。
文摘We discuss here essential aspects of the experimental supercapacitors characterization by a series of well-known electrochemical methods.We are motivated by a considerable number of publications that misreport procedures and results.Authors often conceal or neglect essential information about the electrochemical analytical apparatus used and its configuration.The lack of such information may lead researchers,especially inexperienced ones,to misunderstand the procedures and results.Eventually,the misled electrochemical equipment configuration favors misinterpretation of data and low reproducibility rates.This paper aims to highlight these issues and clarify them.We explain fundamental concepts of some electrochemical analytical methods,such as cyclic voltammetry,galvanostatic charge-discharge,single potential step chronoamperometry,and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy,focusing on the supercapacitor field.Distinct configurations of electrical parameters are presented and discussed to highlight the effects of incorrect setup and uncover misleading results.We discuss how the electrochemical setup and data analyses matter in reliable data results for the supercapacitor.
文摘提出并设计了一种新型的全自动电化学分析系统。该系统在虚拟仪器(L abv iew)的软件平台上,构架了由IEEE 488PC I-GP IB卡、多功能DAQ卡(PC I-6035E)、GP IB程控电源(E 3631A)、低噪声电流放大器(M ode l SR 570)、双通道滤波器(M ode l SR 650)等仪器组成的硬件测试平台,并建立开发了一套完整的控制和分析软件,实现了电化学分析中进样、加标、富集、扫描、清洗和分析等过程的全自动化。以微分脉冲溶出伏安法(DPSV)检测海水中4种痕量的重金属元素(Cu2+、Cd2+、Zn2+、Pb2+)为例,详细介绍了测试分析的实现过程。该测试平台不仅易于研究电化学分析中的各种检测方法和数据分析方法,而且为研发适于现场监测的全自动电化学分析测试方案提供了良好的平台。
文摘探讨和解决了电化学噪声技术在核电环境材料腐蚀损伤检测应用的关键问题,建立了基于零阻电流(ZRA)检测的SCC电化学噪声测试体系。采用小面积的Pt或表面热喷涂陶瓷涂层的工作电极材料作为对电极,研制适用于核电现场检测的多种电化学传感器。运用Compact R IO模块化仪器和设计制作的基于ZRA电路的电化学噪声测试模块,实现电位-电流噪声的同步测量和采集。成功研制出便携式核电材料损伤检测系统。应用研制的测试系统和电化学传感器研究了高温高压和动态水环境304不锈钢的电化学噪声谱特征。并初步实现了在役核电站辅助车间不锈钢管道表面直接腐蚀检测和钢厂动力锅炉连续排污管的现场腐蚀检测,取得了比较满意的结果。
文摘电化学频率调制(electrochemical frequency modulation,EFM)是一种腐蚀速度检测的新方法,能够同时测得腐蚀电流密度和Tafel常数。本文以恒电位仪、笔记本电脑、数据采集卡和LabVIEW开发的应用程序建立了EFM测试系统,将其用于低碳钢/海水体系,研究了扰动频率等测试参数对EFM测试结果的影响。在实验室应用EFM方法检测了Q235钢在NaCl溶液和舟山海水中的早期腐蚀速度,并与其他电化学方法进行了比较。结果表明,在低碳钢/海水体系中EFM方法测得的腐蚀速度因界面电容行为的影响而偏大,但EFM技术和测试系统仍然可以作为海洋腐蚀现场检测的一种理想选择。
