A Computer-aided Design System for Framed-mould in Autoclave Processing

The general computer-aided design （CAD） software cannot meet the mould design requirement of the autoclave process for composites, because many parameters such as temperature and pressure should be considered in the mould design process, in addition to the material and geometry of the part. A framed-mould computer-aided design system （FMCAD） used in the autoclave moulding process is proposed in this paper. A function model of the software is presented, in which influence factors such as part structure, mould structure, and process parameters are considered; a design model of the software is established using object oriented （O-O） technology to integrate the stiffness calculation, temperature field calculation, and deformation field calculation of mould in the design, and in the design model, a hybrid model of mould based on calculation feature and form feature is presented to support those calculations. A prototype system is developed, in which a mould design process wizard is built to integrate the input information, calculation, analysis, data storage, display, and design results of mould design. Finally, three design examples are used to verify the prototype.

The computer-aided design method of cabinet based on style imagery

Due to the practical problems of the high costs and the long development cycle of China’s cabinet production,a computer-aided design method of the cabinet based on style imagery is proposed.According to the principle of the conjoint analysis method, the rough set theory and the weight coefficient of different components of the cabinet,a multi-dimensional model of style imagery to evaluate the cabinet is built. Then the related constants of style imagery are calculated and the cabinet components library is also built by the three-dimensional modeling.Finally,with recombinant technology and the mapping model between cabinet style and external characteristics,the prototype system based on Visual Studio is proposed.This system actualizes the bidirectional reasoning between product style imagery and the shape features,which can assist designers to produce more creative designs,greatly improve the efficiency of cabinet development and increase the profits of companies.

基于CAD/CAE的异形凸模冲头工装设计与优化研究

异形凸模冲头是汽车锁头连接件模具的重要配件,其材料为冷作模具钢DC53,对汽车锁孔冲压有重要作用。传统加工中,加工质量无法保证,生产效率低。设计了专用工装,结合CAD/CAE软件,优化并改进工装结构设计。实际加工对比表明,该工装的设计与优化方案合理,改进工装后,凸模冲头零件生产效率和加工质量均显著提高。该研究对同类异型模具工装设计也具有参考价值。

基于工匠训练营的协同育人模式在机械制图与CAD课程的设计与实践

结合机械制造及自动化制图员岗赛证的要求,以工匠训练营融入机械课程与CAD教学中,通过确定思政目标、优化教学内容、推进教学策略、落实考核评价等落实教学过程,实践证明具有良好的成效。

基于CATIA的钢结构CAD与CAE一体化实现方法

为了应对钢结构在实现计算机辅助设计(CAD)与计算机辅助工程(CAE)一体化时的特殊性所带来的挑战,分析和归纳CAD与CAE一体化中数据转换,与几何理想化等关键问题,在此基础上,提出一种基于CATIA V6软件实现钢结构CAD与CAE一体化的方法,并通过一个绑扎桥钢结构的设计案例验证了该方法的有效性。通过所提方法分别实现了CAE几何理想化的自动切换与整合载荷数据至CAD模型的技术目标,从而避免了基于传统方法所带来的数据分离问题,减少了人工介入的低效工作。

Application of computer-aided engineering optimum design method in aluminum profile extrusion mould

The finite element analysis and the optimum design of aluminum profile extrusion mould were investigated using the ANSYS software and its parameterized modeling method. The optimum dimensions of the mould were obtained. It is found that the stress distribution is very uneven, and the stress convergence is rather severe in the bridge of the aluminum profile extrusion mould. The optimum height of the mould is 70.527 mm, and the optimum radius of dividing holes are 70.182 mm and 80.663 mm. Increasing the height of the mould in the range of 61.282 mm to 70.422 mm can prolong its longevity, but when the height is over 70.422 mm, its longevity reduces.

Integrated computer-aided formulation design:A case study of andrographolide/cyclodextrin ternary formulation

Current formulation development strongly relies on trial-and-error experiments in the laboratory by pharmaceutical scientists,which is time-consuming,high cost and waste materials.This research aims to integrate various computational tools,including machine learning,molecular dynamic simulation and physiologically based absorption modeling(PBAM),to enhance andrographolide(AG)/cyclodextrins(CDs)formulation design.The light GBM prediction model we built before was utilized to predict AG/CDs inclusion's binding free energy.AG/γ-CD inclusion complexes showed the strongest binding affinity,which was experimentally validated by the phase solubility study.The molecular dynamic simulation was used to investigate the inclusion mechanism between AG andγ-CD,which was experimentally characterized by DSC,FTIR and NMR techniques.PBAM was applied to simulate the in vivo behavior of the formulations,which were validated by cell and animal experiments.Cell experiments revealed that the presence of D-α-Tocopherol polyethylene glycol succinate(TPGS)significantly increased the intracellular uptake of AG in MDCKMDR1 cells and the absorptive transport of AG in MDCK-MDR1 monolayers.The relative bioavailability of the AG-CD-TPGS ternary system in rats was increased to 2.6-fold and 1.59-fold compared with crude AG and commercial dropping pills,respectively.In conclusion,this is the first time to integrate various computational tools to develop a new AG-CD-TPGS ternary formulation with significant improvement of aqueous solubility,dissolution rate and bioavailability.The integrated computational tool is a novel and robust methodology to facilitate pharmaceutical formulation design.

Computer-Aided Design of Some Advanced Steels and Cemented Carbides

Thermodynamic and kinetic study on TRIP （transformation induced plasticity） steels, cemented carbides and mold steel for plastics were carried out in order to design modern advanced materials. With the sublattice model, equilibrium compositions of ferrite and austenite phases in TRIP steels, as well as volume fraction of austenite at inter-critical temperatures for different time were calculated. Concentration profiles of carbon, manganese, aluminum and silicon in the steels were also estimated in the lattice fixed frame of reference. The effect of Si and Mn on TRIP was discussed according to thermodynamic and kinetic analyses. In order to understand and produce the graded nanophase structure of cemented carbides, miscellaneous phases in the M-Co-C （M= Ti, Ta, Nh） systems and Co-V-C system were modeled. Solution parameters and thermodynamic： properties were listed in detail. The improvement of machining behavior of prehardened mould steel for plastics was obtained by computer-aided composition design. The results showed that the matrix composition of large-section prehardened mould steel for plastic markedly influences the precipitation of non-metallic inclusion and the composition control by the aid of Thermo-Calc software package minimizes the amount of detrimental oxide inclusion. In addition, the modification of calcium was optimized in composition design.

Computer-aided designing and manufacturing of advanced steels

Suitable optimization and simulation were performed using a powerful software package with a mature database as well as modem measurement facilities, which led to the successful designing and manufacturing of advanced steels. In the course of designing, the composition of a large section of prehardened mold steel for plastics was estimated so as to lower the quantities of oxide inclusions to change the type of carbides and to raise the machinability. The composition and process were adjusted to obtain satisfactory surface quality for the prevailing galvanization in transformation-induced plasticity （TRIP） steel. The refuting process of low-carbon steel was simulated in the light of both Thermo-Calc and Factsage. Thermodynamic and kinetic analyses were always conducted during the test and the procedure.

A Novel Human Antibody,HF,against HER2/erb-B2 Obtained by a Computer-Aided Antibody Design Method

Fully human antibodies have minimal immunogenicity and safety profiles.At present,most potential antibody drugs in clinical trials are humanized or fully human.Human antibodies are mostly generated using the phage display method(in vitro)or by transgenic mice(in vivo);other methods include B lymphocyte immortalization,human–human hybridoma,and single-cell polymerase chain reaction.Here,we describe a structure-based computer-aided de novo design technology for human antibody generation.Based on the complex structure of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER2)/Herceptin,we first designed six short peptides targeting the potential epitope of HER2 recognized by Herceptin.Next,these peptides were set as complementarity determining regions in a suitable immunoglobulin frame,giving birth to a novel anti-HER2 antibody named "HF,"which possessed higher affinity and more effective anti-tumor activity than Herceptin.Our work offers a useful tool for the quick design and selection of novel human antibodies for basic mechanical research as well as for imaging and clinical applications in immune-related diseases,such as cancer and infectious diseases.

A Method for Solving Computer-Aided Product Design Optimization Problem Based on Back Propagation Neural Network

Because of the powerful mapping ability, back propagation neural network (BP-NN) has been employed in computer-aided product design (CAPD) to establish the property prediction model. The backward problem in CAPD is to search for the appropriate structure or composition of the product with desired property, which is an optimization problem. In this paper, a global optimization method of using the a BB algorithm to solve the backward problem is presented. In particular, a convex lower bounding function is constructed for the objective function formulated with BP-NN model, and the calculation of the key parameter a is implemented by recurring to the interval Hessian matrix of the objective function. Two case studies involving the design of dopamine β-hydroxylase (DβH) inhibitors and linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) nano composites are investigated using the proposed method.

Computer-Aided Rapid Variant Design System for Hydraulic Support

The paper gives a detail analysis on the necessity of rapid hydraulic support design, and presents a computer-aided rapid variant design system for hydraulic support. The system integrates the type selection and embodiment design of hydraulic support. Case-based reasoning and rule-based reasoning are the main reasoning methods. Several crucial problems are discussed.

服装CAD系统中的智能化设计方法研究

本研究旨在探讨服装CAD系统中的智能化设计方法。通过对现有CAD系统的功能和局限性进行分析,我们提出了一种基于人工智能的智能化设计方法。该方法利用深度学习技术,自动学习和理解设计师的设计意图和风格,从而实现自动化设计。同时,实验结果表明,该方法能有效提高设计效率,满足用户的个性化需求,具有很高的实用价值。

工程学科常用CAD软件及功能分析

计算机辅助设计(Computer Aided Design,CAD)已经成为机械、电子、航天、化工及建筑等产业中不可或缺的工具之一。概述CAD软件行业的最新发展趋势和我国在该领域的进展,分析CAD软件的技术创新、产业布局以及国内企业在底层技术研发方面的进展。通过调研国际知名CAD软件公司的最新产品和策略以及国内企业的研发成果,分析CAD软件行业的技术动向。结果显示,CAD软件正朝着云端化、集成化、一体化以及智能化的方向发展,国内外企业都在不断探索新技术与CAD软件的结合,以提高设计效率和产品质量。我国CAD软件行业在政策支持和市场需求增长下将迎来更大发展空间,应加强自主研发和创新力度,以推出更多具有自主知识产权和核心竞争力的CAD产品。

Computer-Aided Design and Fabrication of Finger Prosthesis

Custom-made esthetic finger prostheses, which are used for rehabilitation of patients with missing or impaired fingers, have been fabricated manually. However, such fabrication is time-consuming and requires manual skill. Here we propose a computer-aided method for fabricating finger pros-theses to save time and allow fabrications that do not require considerable manual skill. In this method, the dimensions of a patient’s healthy finger on the contralateral hand are first measured using a caliper. Using these dimensions, a three-dimensional model is constructed for fabricating a prosthesis for the patient’s impaired finger. Using the 3D model, a mold is designed using 3D modeling tools and a computer-aided design system. The resulting mold is then fabricated using a 3D printer. A finger prosthesis is fabricated by pouring silicone resin into the mold. A finger prosthesis for a volunteer was experimentally fabricated according to the proposed method. To evaluate the size and shape of the finger prosthesis, the difference between the finger prosthesis and the original finger of the volunteer was analyzed. Because the average difference between them was 0.25 mm, it was concluded that the proposed method could be used to fabricate a finger prosthesis of adequate size and shape.

Complications of CAD/CAM Fabricated Surgical Template for Static Computer-Aided Implant Surgery

Purpose: Surgical templates produced by digital simulation and CAD/CAM allow for three-dimensional control of implant placement. However, due to clinical limitations, there are complications during the use of the template. The purpose of this study was to summarize the complications associated with the use of surgical templates for static computer-aided implant surgery. Methods: Complications were collected during the observation period, and then their implant sites were reanalyzed with simulation software. Results: There were 104 cases during the observation period, 5 cases had complications. Mechanical complications were observed in four cases, including three cases in which the frame of the template fractured during implant placement surgery and one case in which the sleeve fell off the surgical template. In one case, there was an error in the planned position. All cases were mandibular molar cases, and all cases of frame fracture were at the free end defect site. All cases had a Hounsfield unit of more than 700 at the implant site, and some of them had a significantly small jaw opening. Conclusion: Although the spread of CAD/CAM surgical templates has made it possible to avoid problems caused by the position of the implant, it has been difficult to avoid fractures in cases of mandibular free end defects with high Hounsfield unit.

Computer-Aided Design of X-Ray Microtomographic Scanners

The article is to study the development of computer-aided design of X-ray microtomography—the device for investigating the structure and construction of three-dimensional images of organic and inorganic objects on the basis of shadow projections. This article provides basic information regarding CAD of X-ray microtomography and a scheme consisting of three levels. The article also shows basic relations of X-ray computed tomography, the generalized scheme of an X-ray microtomographic scanner. The methods of X-ray imaging of the spatial microstructure and morphometry of materials are described. The main characteristics of an X-ray microtomographic scanner, the X-ray source, X-ray optical elements and mechanical components of the positioning system are shown. The block scheme and software functional scheme for intelligent neural network system of analysis of the internal microstructure of objects are presented. The method of choice of design parameters of CAD of X-ray microtomography aims at improving the quality of design and reducing costs of it. It is supposed to reduce the design time and eliminate the growing number of engineers involved in development and construction of X-ray microtomographic scanners.

轮胎材料分布图CAD参数化软件开发

基于C#编程语言,使用Winform进行图形界面开发,利用轻量化的MySQL数据库进行数据存储,基于CAD.NET API处理图形的参数化生成,开发一个轮胎材料分布图CAD参数化二次开发软件,以利于更快速、准确地进行材料分布图设计,并将结果导出为CAD图纸文件。该软件具有数据管理模块、CAD参数化模块和数据流转模块等功能模块,可以在Windows系统中运行,可提供友好的图形界面,与常见的CAD软件界面相似,支持用户进行可视化的操作和交互。

基于CAD二次开发的明挖隧道主体结构桩基布置研究与应用

随着隧道结构设计行业向数智化、信息化发展,常规依托设计经验进行图形绘制无法解决设计人员实现快速化、智能化绘图需求。目前AutoCAD作为设计领域常规辅助软件,其拥有丰富的API接口,人性化交互方式,依托于该平台二次开发实现设计用户需求,成为提升设计用户工作效率的首要选择。该文采用C#语言,依托.NET框架和CAD平台,引入容差等技术,实现自动化布置明挖隧道主体结构桩基方案,有效解决常规设计中绘图时间急迫、设计方案更新频繁、绘图繁琐及桩基布置必须依靠手动调整等带来的设计效率低下、质量起伏大等问题。

Sustainable Design of Turbofan Engine： A Computer-Aided Design and Finite Element Analysis

A compressive design and analysis of a turbofan engine is presented in this paper. The components of jet engine have been analyzed based on mechanical design concept. An attempt has been to select materials based on sustainability and green design considerations. The energy content （e） of the materials has been one of the parameters for material selection. The choice of material has a substantial impact on cost, manuthcturing process, and the life cycle efficiency. All components nose cone, fan blade, inlet shaft, including compressor has been solid modeled using Siemens NX 11.0 CAD software. The finite element analysis of every component was performed and found safe. A tolerance analysis was performed before assembly of the turbofan engine. A numerical analysis was completed on blade and inlet geometries to determine a more efficient turbofan engine. Thermal analysis was executed oi1 the cone and suitable corrections were made. Finally, the cost and the total energy were estimated to show how much energy is needed to manufacture a turbofan jet engine.