Radiation dermatitis wet healing:a concept analysis

Objective:To explore the concept of radiation dermatitis wet healing through a literature review and provide references for future treatment of patients with radiation skin injury.Methods:Related ar ticles selected from China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),Wanfang Database,Pub Med,Web of Science,Medline,and EBSCO were analyzed with Rodger’s concept analysis.Results:We identified the application status of wet healing in domestic and foreign literature,defined explicit attributes of the procedure,and clarified concepts related to wet healing of radiation skin injury to provide a reference for the management of radiation dermatitis with wet healing.Conclusions:Treatment of radiation dermatitis with wet healing is a unique procedure.Analyzing this concept can contribute to its development in the future and can offer a theoretical basis for treatment of patients with radiation skin injury.

Cognitive frailty in the elderly:a concept analysis

Frailty is a recession of age-related reserves caused by a variety of causes and is becoming the most important clinical syndrome that affects the health of the elderly.In the elderly,frailty and cognitive dysfunction often exist,and some people have proposed cognitive frailty.Cognitive frailty is an elderly syndrome that increases the risk of dementia,in the same time,and can independently predict the adverse health outcomes of the patient and affect the quality of the patient's survival.This paper,under the guidance of Walker and Avant method,provides theoretical basis for early recognition and intervention of cognitive weakness in the elderly.

Physical restraint in mental health nursing: A concept analysis

Objective: Physical restraint is frequently used in medical services,such as in mental health settings,intensive care units and nursing homes,but its nature varies in different institutions.By reviewing related literature,this study aims to clarify the concept of physical restraint in mental health nursing.Method: Three databases (PubMed,PsyclNFO and CINAHL) were retrieved,and Walker and Avant's concept analysis method was used to analyze the concept of physical restraint in mental health nursing.Results: Physical restraint is a coercive approach that enables the administration of necessary treatment by safely reducing the patient's physical movement.It should be the last option used by qualified personnel.Antecedents of physical restraint are improper behavior (violence and disturbance) of patients,medical assessment prior to implementation and legislation governing clinical usage.Consequences of physical restraint are alleviation of conflict,physical injury,mental trauma and invisible impact on the institution.Discussion: This study defined the characteristics of physical restraint in mental health nursing.The proposed concept analysis provided theoretical foundation for future studies.

Patient outcomes in the field of nursing: A concept analysis

Purpose:This paper reports an analysis of the concept of patient outcomes.Methods:The Walker and Avant concept analysis approach was applied.Results:The attributes of patient outcomes include(1)patient functional status(maintained or improved),(2)patient safety(protected or unharmed),and(3)patient satisfaction(patient reporting of comfort and contentment).These attributes are influenced by the antecedents of individual patient characteristics and health problems,the structure of healthcare organizations and received health interventions.Additionally,patient outcomes do significantly impact the quality of nursing care,the cost of effective care and healthcare policy making formulation.Conclusion:Providing good nursing care to all patients is a central goal of nursing.Patient outcomes in nursing are primarily about the results for the patient receiving nursing care.This analysis provides nurses with a new perspective by helping them to understand all the components within the concept of patient outcomes.

A concept analysis of cultural competence

Objectives:To clarify the meaning and reduce ambiguities of the concept cultural competence,and promote consistency in using the concept in nursing dialog,research,and practice.Method:Using Walker and Avant's method of concept analysis.Results:Cultural competence is the gradually developed capacity of nurses to provide safe and quality healthcare to clients of different cultural backgrounds.Its defining attributes are cultural awareness,cultural sensitivity,cultural knowledge,cultural skill,and dynamic process.Antecedents are cultural diversity,cultural encounter,and cultural desire.Consequences involve three beneficiaries,as follows:clients,nurses,and healthcare organizations.Empirical referents are primarily consisted in self-reported tools.Conclusions:The understanding of cultural competence of nurses that emerged in this concept analysis will contribute to the development of a rigorous design of instruments or research.

Concept analysis of coping with multiple sclerosis

Objective:The concept of coping with disease appears frequently in the literature;however,there is no precise definition of coping.The aim of this study is to clarify coping concept,and to identify its attributes,antecedents,and consequences in patients with multiple sclerosis.Methods:Rodgers'evolutionary method of concept analysis was used to clarify the concept of coping.A literature review was conducted with key terms‘multiple sclerosis’,‘coping’,‘adjustment’,and‘deal with’.After searching databases,1370 papers were found for the period 1995e2017.Finally,55 articles and texts were selected for analysis.Data analysis was carried out using thematic analysis.An independent researcher checked the process to ensure credibility and reduce personal bias.Results:Coping with multiple sclerosis is a multidimensional concept with three main attributes:maintenance of emotional balance,acceptance of the disease,and self-regulation.Social support,awareness toward the disease,attitude toward the disease,and religious-spiritual beliefs were found as antecedents.Health promotion,adherence to treatment regimen,independence in personal life and social relationships,and improvement of family relationships were found as consequences of these attributes.Conclusion:These findings not only add to the body of knowledge in health science,but also serve as an important motivation for further theory development and research in this context.Nurses and health professions can also benefit from a deeper understanding of coping concept in providing and planning healthcare for these patients.

Concept analysis of nurse burnout

Objective:To explore the concept of burnout among nurses.Through this concept analysis would expect in assisting hospital management departments in establishing supportive programmes to manage burnout of nurses.Method:Walker and Avant’s framework is adopted for the concept analysis of burnout.Results:Burnout is a syndrome that can happen among helping professions which characterized as emotional exhaustion,depersonalization,and reduced personal accomplishment.The antecedents of burnout are cognitive-competence,role overload,role conflict,lack of social support,and rewards.On the other hand,the consequences of burnout could be both personal and organizational,such as sub-clinical issues,behavioral change,absenteeism,and poor quality of care.Conclusion:The analysis of burnout on its attributes,together with antecedents and consequences(Appendix A)and presenting with case study,it may help the nurse to gain a better understanding of nurse burnout and build coping strategies.

Family functioning integrated with diabetes self-management： a concept analysis

Although the concept of family functioning has gained recent popularity, the terms ＂family functioning＂ and ＂family resilience＂ are sometimes confused and used interchangeably. The aim of this concept analysis was to clarify what is meant by family functioning in the context of diabetes self-management by assessing specific attributes, antecedents, and consequences. A concept analysis model by Walker and Avant was applied. The identified attributes of family functioning in a diabetes self-management context included problem-solving, communication, roles, affective responsiveness, affective involvement, and behavioral control. Antecedents included family structure, socioeconomic status, family functioning relationships, family stage, and life events. Consequences included family satisfaction, family cohesion, and family relationships. This analysis provided a deeper understanding of a family functioning concept within a diabetes self-management context. It is recommended that health care providers should be aware of antecedent factors that could inhibit outcome improvement. Further research is needed to explain family functioning attributes in relation to antecedents and potential consequences.

People-Centered Care: Concept Analysis

Purpose: This study aims to clarify the definition, attributes, antecedents, and consequences of the concept of people-centered care (PCC). Method: Rogers and Knafl’s evolutionary method was used to analyze the concept of People-centered care. The cords such as “Attributes,” “Antecedent,” and “Consequences” were extracted on the coding sheet. The extracted contents of each of the “Attributes,” “Antecedent,” and “Consequences” from the created coding sheets were summarized as codes, and similar codes were categorized. Result: We included 33 studies in the analysis. As a result of the analysis, we identified four attributes (the subject is people, approaches to improving and enhancing health issues, relationships as a basis for partnership building, and behavioral attitudes for building partnerships), four antecedents (changes in social conditions, increasing people’s ownership of their health, health issues in modern society, and care in a variety of settings), and three consequences (achieving goals set by the people themselves, self-transformations of both people and healthcare providers, and social transformations). Discussion: Based on the analysis results, PCC was defined as “an initiative in which people step forward and partner with health care providers to improve and enhance health issues in individuals and communities.” In various social and individual changes, the realization of PCC is expected to result in the achievement of goals set by the people themselves together with health care providers and the transformation of individuals and society.

Family resilience of cancer patients:a concept analysis

Objective:The concept of family resilience of cancer patients was discussed through literature review,which provided reference for nursing of cancer patients.Methods:China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),Wanfang Database,SinoMed,PubMed,Web of Science,and Embase were systematically searched,and the concept analysis method proposed by Walker and Avant was adopted.Results:In this study,we defined the concept of family resilience,identified attributes,and analyzed the antecedents and consequences.The proposed operational definition of family resilience was:After a family member is diagnosed with cancer,the whole family can actively explore its own unique internal and external resources and advantages,strengthen self-regulation,jointly cope with the crisis by establishing close family relationships,providing mutual support to family members,and interacting with the outside world.Conclusions:The definition of family resilience of cancer patients is conducive to the development of measurement tools and the improvement of family outcomes of adult cancer patients by intervening family resilience factors.

Emotional intelligence in professional nursing practice:A concept review using Rodgers's evolutionary analysis approach

Background:Knowledge around emotional intelligence originated in the 1990s from research regarding thoughts,emotions and abilities.The concept of emotional intelligence has evolved over the last 25 years;however,the understanding and use is still unclear.Despite this,emotional intelligence has been a widely-considered concept within professions such as business,management,education,and within the last 10 years has gained traction within nursing practice.Aims and objectives:The aim of this concept review is to clarify the understanding of the concept emotional intelligence,what attributes signify emotional intelligence,what are its antecedents,consequences,related terms and implications to advance nursing practice.Method:A computerized search was guided by Rodger's evolutional concept analysis.Data courses included:CINAHL,PyschINFO,Scopus,EMBASE and ProQuest,focusing on articles published in Canada and the United Stated during 1990e2017.Results:A total of 23 articles from various bodies of disciplines were included in this integrative concept review.The analysis reveals that there are many inconsistencies regarding the description of emotional intelligence,however,four common attributes were discovered:self-awareness,self-management,social awareness and social/relationship management.These attributes facilitate the emotional well-being among advance practice nurses and enhances the ability to practice in a way that will benefit patients,families,colleagues and advance practice nurses as working professionals and as individuals.Conclusion:The integration of emotional intelligence is supported within several disciplines as there is consensus on the impact that emotional intelligence has on job satisfaction,stress level,burnout and helps to facilitate a positive environment.Explicit to advance practice nursing,emotional intelligence is a concept that may be central to nursing practice as it has the potential to impact the quality of patient care and outcomes,decision-making,critical thinking and overall the well-being of practicing nurses.

Skyline refinement exploiting fuzzy formal concept analysis

Purpose-The study of the skyline queries has received considerable attention from several database researchers since the end of 2000’s.Skyline queries are an appropriate tool that can help users to make intelligent decisions in the presence of multidimensional data when different,and often contradictory criteria are to be taken into account.Based on the concept of Pareto dominance,the skyline process extracts the most interesting(not dominated in the sense of Pareto)objects from a set of data.Skyline computation methods often lead to a set with a large size which is less informative for the end users and not easy to be exploited.The purpose of this paper is to tackle this problem,known as the large size skyline problem,and propose a solution to deal with it by applying an appropriate refining process.Design/methodology/approach-The problem of the skyline refinement is formalized in the fuzzy formal concept analysis setting.Then,an ideal fuzzy formal concept is computed in the sense of some particular defined criteria.By leveraging the elements of this ideal concept,one can reduce the size of the computed Skyline.Findings-An appropriate and rational solution is discussed for the problem of interest.Then,a tool,named SkyRef,is developed.Rich experiments are done using this tool on both synthetic and real datasets.Research limitations/implications-The authors have conducted experiments on synthetic and some real datasets to show the effectiveness of the proposed approaches.However,thorough experiments on large-scale real datasets are highly desirable to show the behavior of the tool with respect to the performance and time execution criteria.Practical implications-The tool developed SkyRef can have many domains applications that require decision-making,personalized recommendation and where the size of skyline has to be reduced.In particular,SkyRef can be used in several real-world applications such as economic,security,medicine and services.Social implications-This work can be expected in all domains that require decision-making like hotel finder,restaurant recommender,recruitment of candidates,etc.Originality/value-This study mixes two research fields artificial intelligence(i.e.formal concept analysis)and databases(i.e.skyline queries).The key elements of the solution proposed for the skyline refinement problem are borrowed from the fuzzy formal concept analysis which makes it clearer and rational,semantically speaking.On the other hand,this study opens the door for using the formal concept analysis and its extensions in solving other issues related to skyline queries,such as relaxation.

A conceptual analysis of the meaning of comfort at the end-of-life using the Walker and Avant(2014)Framework

Objective:The aim of the authors is to clarify the concept of comfort at the end-of-life in order to support understandings of fundamental nursing care needed at this stage of healthcare.Methods:The Walker and Avant framework was applied to develop a deeper understanding of the concept of comfort at the end of life.Results:Five defining attributes of comfort in the end-of-life were identified and they are having a peaceful home-life environment,trust and consolation,proximity and social-cultural support,alleviation of suffering,and a process of integrated intervention by nurses.Conclusions:At the end-of-life patients commonly experience physical,psychological,social-cultural,and environmental discomfort.Patients’families also encounter significant challenges.However,their comfort needs are often secondary to that of the patient.Additionally,a lack of clarity exists regarding the holistic meaning of comfort at the end-of-life,which can largely be confined to understandings of physical comfort for the patient,with a limited understanding of addressing family/caregivers’needs.Therefore,this concept analysis may provide some guidance in this regard and also provides support toward a more integrated understanding of the concept.

Conceptual Analysis of Self-Management in Patients with Hypertension

Objective:To clarify the concept of self-management in hypertensive patients by analyzing the definition,attributes,and measurement tools through a literature review.Methods:An Internet-based search of the databases was conducted using Academic Search Complete,Medical Line,CINAHL,Health Source:Nursing/Scholarly Edition,and Google Scholar.In the search process,keywords or free text were combined by using Boolean operators,with the search terms“self of management”or“self-management,”“concept*analysis”or“concept*definition,”and Walker and Avant’s concept analysis method was used.Results:Analysis of relevant literature summarized the conceptual attributes of self-management in hypertensive patients as the active participation of patients in the treatment process;the presence of interaction provided by patients and health care providers;the use of certain health management tools;and the aim of maintaining and improving the health status and living capacity of hypertensive patients.Conclusion:The concept of self-management for hypertensive patients was clarified,which helps to promote the application of hypertensive self-management in clinical work and improve outcomes and quality of life for patients with hypertension.

Building Knowledge: The Concept of Care

Aim and Objectives: The aim of this article is to explore whether the specific levels of caring described in Swanson’s Middle Range Caring Theory which include characteristics of caring, people’s concerns and commitments underlying caring, conditions that enhance/inhibit caring and consequences of caring and non-caring could be used in categorizing findings from two literature reviews investigating the concept of care. Background: Nursing has a long legacy as a caring/healing profession where caring is increasingly posited as one of the core concepts in modern nursing science. However, the meanings given to the concept of care remain elusive, ambiguous and unclear. Design: Two systematic literature reviews. Method: Twenty-nine articles based on strategic inclusion and exclusion criteria were synthesized. Data was retrieved from CINAHL, Medline, Embase and PsycInfo covering the period 2003-2016. The literature search used the key words care, concept analysis, systematic review, meta-synthesis, meta-analysis and narrative review. Results: Major themes found were related to the following characteristics of caring persons: compassionate, knowledgeable, positive and reflective. Concerns and commitments underlying caring were doing the right thing, connecting, focusing on the others’ experience, acknowledging individual dignity and worth and being present. Conditions that enhanced/inhibited caring were situational constraints, personality traits, communication skills, health problems and organizational features. Consequences of caring and non-caring actions included both positive and negative emotional, spiritual, physical, and social outcomes for patients, families and nurses. Conclusion: The specific levels of caring described in Swanson’s Middle Range Caring Theory are highly suitable for categorizing the findings from three literature reviews on the concept of care. Relevance to Clinical Practice: Swanson’s Middle Range Caring Theory can be used to guide clinical practice and encourage an individual approach to care. It has been shown to contain clear, comprehensible language in its theoretical basis;this encourages use in clinical practice.

Rule acquisition of three-way semi-concept lattices in formal decision context

Three-way concept analysis is an important tool for information processing,and rule acquisition is one of the research hotspots of three-way concept analysis.However,compared with three-way concept lattices,three-way semi-concept lattices have three-way operators with weaker constraints,which can generate more concepts.In this article,the problem of rule acquisition for three-way semi-concept lattices is discussed in general.The authors construct the finer relation of three-way semi-concept lattices,and propose a method of rule acquisition for three-way semi-concept lattices.The authors also discuss the set of decision rules and the relationships of decision rules among object-induced three-way semi-concept lattices,object-induced three-way concept lattices,classical concept lattices and semi-concept lattices.Finally,examples are provided to illustrate the validity of our conclusions.

Trustworthy Explainable Recommendation Framework for Relevancy

Explainable recommendation systems deal with the problem of‘Why’.Besides providing the user with the recommendation,it is also explained why such an object is being recommended.It helps to improve trustworthiness,effectiveness,efficiency,persuasiveness,and user satisfaction towards the system.To recommend the relevant information with an explanation to the user is required.Existing systems provide the top-k recommendation options to the user based on ratings and reviews about the required object but unable to explain the matched-attribute-based recommendation to the user.A framework is proposed to fetch the most specific information that matches the user requirements based on Formal Concept Analysis(FCA).The ranking quality of the recommendation list for the proposed system is evaluated quantitatively with Normalized Discounted Cumulative Gain(NDCG)@k,which is better than the existing systems.Explanation is provided qualitatively by considering trustworthiness criterion i.e.,among the seven explainability evaluation criteria,and its metric satisfies the results of proposed method.This framework can be enhanced to accommodate for more effectiveness and trustworthiness.

Experiencing Participation in Health Care: “Through the Eyes of Older Adults”

Background: Patient participation is well understood by health care professionals but not many studies have focused on the older adults and their perceptions of patient participation. Aim and Objectives: To report an analysis of the concept of participation from the perspective of the older adult. Design: Concept analysis. Methods: An integrative review approach was undertaken and the searches were limited from January 2003 to December 2014, guiding question was;“what constitutes patient participation according to the older adult?” Results: Through the eyes of the older adults, a two-way communication should be initiated by the staff. Equality and sharing power between older adults and staffs was perceived as a precondition. Been given time was an essential issue, implying that older adults wished to have enough time from staffs and be in the right context surrounded by the appropriate environment in order to experience participation. Conclusion: In order to experience participation for older adults, it is important that the health care professionals are aware of how and in what ways they can contribute to participation among older adults. The need or wish to create participation is not enough;the health care professional needs to see and understand participation through the older adult’s eyes. Thus, a person-centered nursing approach is relevant for the health care professional in order to both give and maintain the experience of participation to the older adult.

Subposition Assembly-Based Construction of Non-Frequent Concept Semi-Lattice

An efficient way to improve the efficiency of the applications based on formal concept analysis （FCA） is to construct the needed part of concept lattice used by applications. Inspired by this idea, an approach that constructs lower concept semi-lattice called non-frequent concept semi-lattice in this paper is introduced, and the method is based on subposition assembly. Primarily, we illustrate the theoretical framework of subposition assembly for non-frequent concept semi-lattice. Second, an algorithm called Nocose based on this framework is proposed. Experiments show both theoretical correctness and practicability of the algorithm Nocose.