Objective To study the identification method that aims at the research and development target and makes the limited resources be optimized.With the frequent occurrence of potential drug safety hazards and the vigorous...Objective To study the identification method that aims at the research and development target and makes the limited resources be optimized.With the frequent occurrence of potential drug safety hazards and the vigorous development of biomedicine,China’s pharmaceutical cold chain is facing huge opportunities and challenges.Under this background,it’s vital to promote the research and development of Chinese pharmaceutical cold chain technology.Methods First,China’s pharmaceutical cold chain patents were sorted out through the literature research method and patent analysis method,de-noises and cleans the data,uses the international patent classification(IPC)numbers as the pharmaceutical cold chain technology.Then,the IPC number co-occurrence matrix was constructed.Third,UCINET was used to visualize,draw the IPC number co-occurrence network.After that,K-cores analysis was applied to initially screen the core technology so as to build a comprehensive evaluation index system to evaluate the core technologies.Finally,Condorcet voting method was used to integrate the evaluation results to identify the core technologies.Results and Conclusion Based on this method,it can provide theoretical guidance for the development and decision-making of Chinese pharmaceutical cold chain enterprises,helping them break through technical barriers and improving the efficiency of Chinese pharmaceutical cold chain logistics.展开更多
Objective To study the core technology in the field of vaccines from the perspective of patents,so as to provide reference for China’s vaccine research and development(R&D)enterprises when formulating development...Objective To study the core technology in the field of vaccines from the perspective of patents,so as to provide reference for China’s vaccine research and development(R&D)enterprises when formulating development strategies.Methods Social network analysis combined with various central indicators was used to identify the core technologies in the vaccine field and the market value of the identified core technologies was evaluated through recency-frequency-monetary(RFM)customer market value assessment model.Finally,the Condorcet voting method was applied for prediction.Results and Conclusion At present,the core technology of the vaccine field is concentrated in A61P31,which has both technical and market value with great potentials.Based on this,this paper proposes that China’s vaccine industry should shift the focus of R&D from the disease treatment to prevention.R&D enterprises should also follow the overall development trend to carry out vaccine R&D activities.展开更多
This paper established a general jury theorem on group decision making where the probabilities of the individuals in making correct choice between two alternatives can be different.And we proved that the higher the pr...This paper established a general jury theorem on group decision making where the probabilities of the individuals in making correct choice between two alternatives can be different.And we proved that the higher the probability of any decision maker in the group correctly choosing between two alternatives,the higher the probability of the group correctly choosing the same two alternatives.The general jury theorem also indicates that given two groups of individuals with the same average probability of making the correct choice,the one with a more varied or diverse distribution of probabilities will have a higher probability of making the correct choice.In particular,we proved that as the number of decision makers in the group increases to infinity,this probability tends to the limit 1.The general jury theorem presented in this paper substantially generalizes the well-known Condorcet jury theorem in the group decision making theory,which has not been generalized for 200 years until now.展开更多
基金Source of the project:project supported by Liaoning Provincial Social Science Foundation-Research on Patent Legal Issues of Liaoning Traditional Chinese Medicine Manufacturing Industry Going Global Based on Technological Innovation(L18BFX011).
文摘Objective To study the identification method that aims at the research and development target and makes the limited resources be optimized.With the frequent occurrence of potential drug safety hazards and the vigorous development of biomedicine,China’s pharmaceutical cold chain is facing huge opportunities and challenges.Under this background,it’s vital to promote the research and development of Chinese pharmaceutical cold chain technology.Methods First,China’s pharmaceutical cold chain patents were sorted out through the literature research method and patent analysis method,de-noises and cleans the data,uses the international patent classification(IPC)numbers as the pharmaceutical cold chain technology.Then,the IPC number co-occurrence matrix was constructed.Third,UCINET was used to visualize,draw the IPC number co-occurrence network.After that,K-cores analysis was applied to initially screen the core technology so as to build a comprehensive evaluation index system to evaluate the core technologies.Finally,Condorcet voting method was used to integrate the evaluation results to identify the core technologies.Results and Conclusion Based on this method,it can provide theoretical guidance for the development and decision-making of Chinese pharmaceutical cold chain enterprises,helping them break through technical barriers and improving the efficiency of Chinese pharmaceutical cold chain logistics.
文摘Objective To study the core technology in the field of vaccines from the perspective of patents,so as to provide reference for China’s vaccine research and development(R&D)enterprises when formulating development strategies.Methods Social network analysis combined with various central indicators was used to identify the core technologies in the vaccine field and the market value of the identified core technologies was evaluated through recency-frequency-monetary(RFM)customer market value assessment model.Finally,the Condorcet voting method was applied for prediction.Results and Conclusion At present,the core technology of the vaccine field is concentrated in A61P31,which has both technical and market value with great potentials.Based on this,this paper proposes that China’s vaccine industry should shift the focus of R&D from the disease treatment to prevention.R&D enterprises should also follow the overall development trend to carry out vaccine R&D activities.
文摘This paper established a general jury theorem on group decision making where the probabilities of the individuals in making correct choice between two alternatives can be different.And we proved that the higher the probability of any decision maker in the group correctly choosing between two alternatives,the higher the probability of the group correctly choosing the same two alternatives.The general jury theorem also indicates that given two groups of individuals with the same average probability of making the correct choice,the one with a more varied or diverse distribution of probabilities will have a higher probability of making the correct choice.In particular,we proved that as the number of decision makers in the group increases to infinity,this probability tends to the limit 1.The general jury theorem presented in this paper substantially generalizes the well-known Condorcet jury theorem in the group decision making theory,which has not been generalized for 200 years until now.
基金supported by Scientific Research and Innovation Project of Jiangsu Province for Graduate Student in Regular Institutions of Higher Learning(CX09B_002R)
