Confessional Radio Stations and Social Communication for Political Change in Africa

The role of religious groups in the political field has arised in Africa in 1990s and despite being less visible it is still active. In fact, this is the climax of a very old process in Africa. Religion always participates in politics and vice versa. It is therefore not surprising that religious groups take into account political preoccupations in their communication processes. Sometimes they get involved in political debates, particularly when the questions reveal very important choices for the Nation, as it was the case in 1960s and 1990s. But mostly, they get involved in the social field which is, for them, the key to have one foot in political field. However, beyond these considerations, this paper intends to show how the use of media by religious institutions is closely related to their understanding of the relationship between the religion as an institution, and the society.

Between the Religious Tolerance and Confessional Loyalty： The Orthodox Church in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth from John Herbinius’ Point of View

John Herbinius （1633-1679） was a well-known Lutheran theologian and writer. Living long time on the territory of Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth （in contemporary Vilnus）, he wrote a description of the Kyiv religious caves, which was published in 1675 in Jena. The purpose of this research is to contribute to the further understanding and interpretation of the church history and inter-confessional relations on the territory on the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in the middle of the 17th century, and its later influence on historical and cultural development. Herbinius, being deeply connected with the West-European Protestant world, and at the same time, living in multi-cultural and multi-religious Vilnius, tried to maneuver between the religious tolerance and confessional loyalty, the adherence to the ideas of German reformation and a personal friendship with the Orthodox clergy. The methodology of this work includes historical, inter-confessional, heuristic, biographical, reader-orientated, and linguistic approaches, textual, contextual, and comparative analysis. This article has shown that the Protestant author percepted and treated the Orthodox Church in a very positive way： Church customs, canonical law, and discipline, clergy, and even monasticism did not provoke any criticism from his side. However, on the questions of iconolatry and confessional exclusivism of the Orthodox Church Herbinius could not refrain from criticism. They evidently contradicted his views on real Christian piety and religious tolerance.

Confessional Poetics of Abjection in Women Poetry: A Comparative Analysis of Sylvia Plath’s “Daddy” and Zhai Yongming’s “Mother”

Becoming famous in 1960s,American confessional poetry,in response to High Modernism as impersonality and totalobjectivity,shifted focus on personal experience.When such confessional flow rushed into China in 1980s,it provided Chinese poets a confessional voice to write and investigate significant issues of world,life and society.Thus,writing in different languages and periods does not stop them to implement the same mission:to adopt a confessional voice,represent trauma as blackness and darkness in women experience and bring light,meanwhile,achieve one’s own truth and liberation.

I Celebrate Myself ＆ I Sing Myself： Romulus Bucur on Romulus Bucur＇s Ditties

The present paper, in spite of its quite scandalous title, is just a serious reflection, from the inside, on a certain part of the poetry of a contemporary Romanian poet （the author of the paper himself）, in the line of a tradition starting with Poe＇s Philosophy of Composition （1846）, passing through the avant-garde and ending, for the moment, in Andy Warhol＇s self-promotion. The analysis from the inside and the honest reflection of the interplay between poetry, music, and contemporary popular culture might lead to a better understanding of the poetry made at the end of the 20th century--beginning of the 21 st century. The corpus analyzed is a series of poems written between 1994 and the present day, under the generic title of ditty, published in several books （between which a bilingual pamphlet, Ditties/Cfntecelce）, 1998）, and the paper speaks about their genesis, their poetics, and hopes to help the process of their interpretation, as well as to bring a new interpretation of the poetry/music relationship

Sylvia Plath’s Poetry Collections“The Colossus”and“Ariel”

The purpose of the present article is to explore two main poetry collections of Sylvia Plath.Poems for“The Colossus”and“Ariel”were written in different times and life stages of the poet.“The Colossus”is the beginning of her full life as a woman and a poet and“Ariel”is telling us about her final years and predicts the tragical ending that she had chosen.Both books are rich with different characters,poetical symbols and themes.

For Whom“the Dead Bell”Tolls:Sylvia Plath’s“Death & Co.”——A“Murderous”Art

Sylvia Plath,an American woman poet,is one of the best representa-tives of post-modern confessional poets in the 1960s.The motif and imagery in herlater poems present the reader with the double nature of death:the face of the con-dor of marmoreal coldness and the face of the irresistible lover,which throws fasci-nating light on Sylvia’s split personality.The charm of the fine cultivation of herpoetic sensibility and the purification of her final style makes poetry and death in-separable.She has made her confessional poetry a murderous art.

A Confession Caused by Laughter─Albert Camus and His Novel＂The Fall＂

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Confession Governance and Verdicts in China's Criminal Justice

The objective phenomenon of reliance on confessions is the source of many problems in the practice of criminal justice in China. Although successive amendments to the law have endeavored to improve the handling of confessions, they have been unable to resolve the dilemma of a rigid management mode, incompatible management strategies, and conflicting attitudes towards management. This paper has made a multi-dimensional reinterpretation of it from the judges＇ perspective, including functional analysis, cultural interpretation and immediate considerations. It reveals that behind its functions of offering moral comfort or allowing evasion of responsibility, confession, as a medium of physical and intellectual management, has the more important function of supplementing and improving the legitimacy of criminal verdicts. The remolding of the legitimacy of criminal verdicts with the coordinated improvement of the management of confessions will change the mode of association between those who currently govern confession and those they govern and will clash with the current closed mode of criminal justice management, thereby promoting a transformation in the governance of criminal justice.

Forty Years of Reform and Opening Up:The Birth and Development of China's Criminal Justice System

The Third Plenary Session of the 11 th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China held in 1978 marked the initiation of the policy of reform and opening up in China,beginning a new chapter in the construction of a socialist legal system.The first Chinese criminal procedure law was promulgated the following year and was revised twice in 1996 and 2012.Although remarkable progress has been made,the level of the rule of law in China's criminal procedure must still be improved to meet the goal of modernizing the criminal rule of law.