Effect of annealing temperature on microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-Zn-Zr-Nd alloy with large final rolling deformation

In this study,the Mg-3Zn-0.5Zr-χNd(χ=0,0.6)alloys were subjected to final rolling treatment with large deformation of 50%.The impact of annealing temperatures on the microstructure and mechanical properties was investigated.The rolled Mg-3Zn-0.5Zr-0.6Nd alloy exhibited an ultimate tensile strength of 386 MPa,a yield strength of 361 MPa,and an elongation of 7.1%.Annealing at different temperatures resulted in reduced strength and obviously increased elongation for both alloys.Optimal mechanical properties for the Mg-3Zn-0.5Zr-0.6Nd alloy were achieved after annealing at 200℃,with an ultimate tensile strength of 287 MPa,a yield strength of 235 MPa,and an elongation of 26.1%.The numerous deformed microstructures,twins,and precipitated phases in the rolled alloy could impede the deformation at room temperature and increase the work hardening rate.After annealing,a decrease in the work hardening effect and an increase in the dynamic recovery effect were obtained due to the formation of fine equiaxed grains,and the increased volume fraction of precipitated phases,which significantly improved the elongation of the alloy.Additionally,the addition of Nd element could enhance the annealing recrystallization rate,reduce the Schmid factor difference between basal and prismatic slip systems,facilitate multi-system slip initiation and improve the alloy plasticity.

Microstructure and properties of 35 kg large aluminum alloy flywheel housing components formed by squeeze casting with local pressure compensation

The squeeze casting method with local pressure compensation was proposed to form a flywheel housing component with a weight of 35 kg.The numerical simulation,microstructure observation and phase characterization were performed,and the influence of local pressure compensation on feeding of thick-wall position,microstructure and mechanical properties of the formed components were discussed.Results show that the molten metal keeps a good fluidity and the filling is complete during the filling process.Although the solidification at thick-wall positions of the mounting ports is slow,the local pressure compensation effectively realizes the local forced feeding,significantly eliminating the shrinkage cavity defects.In the microstructure of AlSi9Mg alloy,α-Al primarily consists of fragmented dendrites and rosette grains,while eutectic Si predominantly comprises needles and short rods.The impact of local pressure compensation on strength is relatively minimal,yet its influence on elongation is considerable.Following local pressure compensation,the average elongation at the compensated areas is 9.18%,which represents a 44.90%higher than that before compensation.The average tensile strength is 209.1 MPa,and the average yield strength is 100.6 MPa.The local pressure compensation can significantly reduce or even eliminate the internal defects in the 35 kg large-weight components formed by squeeze casting.

STRONG LAW OF LARGE NUMBERS AND ASYMPTOTIC EQUIPARTITION PROPERTY FOR NONSYMMETRIC MARKOV CHAIN FIELDS ON CAYLEY TREES

Some strong laws of large numbers for the frequencies of occurrence of states and ordered couples of states for nonsymmetric Markov chain fields （NSMC） on Cayley trees are studied. In the proof, a new technique for the study of strong limit theorems of Markov chains is extended to the case of Markov chain fields, The asymptotic equipartition properties with almost everywhere （a,e.） convergence for NSMC on Cayley trees are obtained,

Fabrication and Property of SiC Ceramic with Large Thickness/Diameter Ratios

Silicon carbide ceramics with different thicknesses/diameter ratios were prepared by using ultra-fine silicon carbide powder with the sintering additives of 1.0 wt% boron and 1.5 wt% carbon. The influence of thickness/diameter ratio on the microstructure and density of SiC ceramics was investigated in detail. The experimental results show that the addition of boron and carbon sintering aids can promote the densification process of SiC ceramic, leading to the low sintering temperature and improve mechanical properties. At 1950 ℃, SiC ceramic with a density of 99% exhibits Young's modulus, hardness, and flexural strength of 476 MPa, 28.3 GPa, and 334 MPa, respectively. It is found that long holding time has a positive effect on the uniformity of the microstructure and density distribution of SiC ceramics with large thickness/diameter ratios. Additionally, the sintering additive of boron can solid-solve into SiC, and then facilitate the phase transformation of SiC to form 6H-SiC and 4H-SiC composite ceramics.

Property A_(UB) of Metric Spaces under Decompositions of Finite Depth

Property AUB is the notion in metric geometry which has applications in higher index problems.In this paper,the permanence property of property AUB of metric spaces under large scale decompositions of finite depth is proved.

Effect of Particle Phase Volume, Shape and Liquid Phase Concentrations on Rheological Properties of Large Particulate-Liquid Model Food Systems by Using Ball Measuring System

Rheological properties of large particulate-liquid model food systems were studied by using the BMS （ball measuring system）. The model food systems were composed of alginate gel particles （-10mm） and a gelatinised starch solution with 1% w/w sodium chloride as a liquid phase. The effects of particle phase volume （Ф, 0-0.60）, particle shapes （cube, sphere, rod and disc） and starch concentrations （3% and 5% w/w starch） were investigated. The power law model was successfully applied to characterize the flow properties of each system and the consistency K and power law index n were obtained. The K increased and n decreased with increasing # for samples at all particle shapes at 3% w/w starch in the liquid phase. The particle effect on the viscosity is further analysed by means of the Krieger-Dougherty model and the maximum packing fraction #,, and the intrinsic viscosity [η] were obtained in each system. The Фm, depended on the particle shape, as expected. The [7] value depended on particle shape and was largely in the order of 4.04 （cube）, 3.28 （disc）, 2.56 （sphere） and 2.32 （rod） at 3% w/w starch. The [η] also depended on starch concentration and was 1.1 at 5%,6 w/w starch in the liquid phase with spherical particles. The present results show successful application of BMS to study the rheological properties of large particulate liquid food systems at relatively small scale experiment （-0.5 L） and also that existing models for suspension rheology are applicable for such food systems to a great extend.

基于VOF方法的大水滴袋状破碎的仿真研究

为研究大水滴(d>50μm)运动和袋状破碎的复杂特性,以便于进一步研究大水滴破碎在飞机结冰方面独特的危害性,本文应用VOF(Volume of Fluid)方法对不同韦伯数(Weber number,We数)下的水滴进行数值模拟,观察到了水滴的典型袋状破碎形态,并将袋状破碎划分为五个特征阶段。本文还应用瑞利-泰勒不稳定性(Rayleigh-Taylor Instability,R-T不稳定性)和瑞利-普拉特不稳定性(Rayleigh-Plateau Instability,R-P不稳定性)解释破碎的形态特征。此外,本文统计了水滴的迎风直径、破碎时间和沿程的阻力系数,并与实验数据和本课题组创立的BTB(Bag Type Breakup)理论模型加以对比,验证了破碎时间与形变量、阻力系数的无量纲关系,即形变量在初期与时间呈线性关系,后期为二次函数关系;而破碎时间随着We数增长逐渐减小,水滴阻力系数随形变先迅速增大后减小。本文所用方法可用于进一步的液滴破碎机理研究。

PREPARATION OF ZnO CERAMIC POWDER BY SOL-GEL METHOD AND ITS VOLTAGE SENSITIVE PROPERTIES

ＰＲＥＰＡＲＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＺｎＯＣＥＲＡＭＩＣＰＯＷＤＥＲＢＹＳＯＬＧＥＬＭＥＴＨＯＤＡＮＤＩＴＳＶＯＬＴＡＧＥＳＥＮＳＩＴＩＶＥＰＲＯＰＥＲＴＩＥＳ①ＣｈｅｎＪｉａｎｘｕｎ，ＺｈａｏＲｕｉｒｏｎｇａｎｄＪｉａｎｇＨａｎｙｉｎｇＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏ...

Physicochemical Properties and Catalytic Performance of a Novel Aluminosilicate Composite Zeolite for Hydrocarbon Cracking Reaction

A novel micro-micro/mesoporous aluminosilicate ZSM-5-Y/MCM-41 composite molecular sieve with a MCM-41 type structure was synthesized through a novel process of the self-assembly of CTAB surfactant micellae with silica-alumina source originated from alkaline treatment of ZSM-5 zeolite. The physical properties of the ZSM-5- Y/MCM-41 composite molecular sieve were characterized by XRD, Py-FTIR and N2 adsorption-desorption techniques. Different kinds of molecular sieves including ZSM-5, Y zeolite, AI-MCM-41, ZSM-5/MCM-41 and ZSM-5-Y/MCM- 41 as cracking catalysts were investigated, using 1,3,5-triisopropylbenzene （1,3,5-TIPB） as the probe molecule. Catalytic tests showed that the ZSM-5-Y/MCM-41 composite molecular sieve exhibited higher catalytic activity compared with the microporous ZSM-5 zeolite, Y zeolite, mesoporous A1-MCM-41 molecular sieve and ZSM-5/MCM-41 composite molecular sieve under the same conditions. The remarkable catalytic activity was mainly attributed to the presence of the hierarchical pore structure and proper acidity in the ZSM-5-Y/MCM-41 composite catalyst. Meanwhile, a carbcnium ion mechanism was put forward for the cracking of 1,3,5-TIPB.

Influences of processing routine on mechanical properties and structures of 7075 aluminum alloy thick-plates

7075 aluminum alloy thick plates were produced by three processing routines: commercial hot rolling followed by heat treatment of quenching and ageing (HR+QA), combination of large deformation processing of multi directional warm forging and subsequent warm rolling followed by heat treatment of quenching and ageing (LD+QA), and that followed by annealing at moderate temperature (LD+AN). Tensile strength, yield strength and elongation were measured by tension test, and the metallographic structures were examined by optical microscopy (OM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), also the fracture morphologies were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It is shown that higher tensile strength and yield strength are obtained from (LD+QA) processing in comparison with those from (HR+QA) and (LD+AN) processings. Tensile strength and yield strength obtained from (LD+QA) processing are 9.9% and 8.6% higher respectively than those from (HR+QA) processing, and 48.6% and 57.7% higher respectively than those from (LD+AN) processing; while the elongations of all the samples show no significant difference and keep 10%12%. Analyses of OM and TEM reveal that the mechanical behaviors are deeply associated with the formation of refined structures with fine grains and very fine precipitates, leading to fine grained hardening and excellent age hardening.

聚羧酸减水剂(NOF-AS)的研制

本文采用正交试验的方法,合成了聚羧酸减水剂(NOF-AS),讨论了合成工艺条件对产品性能的影响,并对其混凝土性能进行了表征,分析了NOF-AS在溪洛渡水电工程中的试验结果。

large Fock空间上Toeplitz算子的Fredholm性质

令ϕ是属于权函数类W,对于n维复空间ℂn上由ϕ诱导的large fock空间Fp(ϕ),记Fp(ϕ)=Lp(ϕ)⋂H(ℂn),其中H(ℂn)是ℂn上的解析函数全体。首先介绍了权函数类W的基本性质、Bergman空间上的覆盖定理并对再生核函数做出了估计。其次引入一个辅助算子Gl,并证明了Gl的有界性、Toeplitz算子Tf的Berezin变换和紧致性之间的关系以及Hankel算子Hf的有界性和紧致性。最后,给定0<p<∞,利用Toeplitz算子和Hankel算子的有界性和紧致性以及large Fock空间Fp(ϕ)的对偶理论,研究了Toeplitz算子Tf在Fp(ϕ)上具有Fredholm性质的充要条件是f的Berezin变换在整个n维复空间上有界且在无穷边界上远离原点,其中f是一个有界的消失平均震荡函数。

热处理工艺对大规格TC17钛合金棒材组织与力学性能的影响

研究了固溶温度、冷却方式、保温时间及取样方向对两相区锻造的大规格TC17钛合金棒材显微组织和力学性能的影响,并根据实验结果选择最佳热处理制度。结果表明:TC17钛合金棒材的最佳热处理工艺为800℃/2h/WQ+630℃/8h/AC;固溶温度在两相区时,随着固溶温度的升高,合金强度升高,塑性降低;固溶空冷+时效的合金较相同温度固溶水冷+时效的合金强度高、塑性低;在相同温度固溶水冷条件下,缩短固溶保温时间,可改善合金的塑性;锻造后的TC17钛合金大规格棒材存在各向异性。

采用大直径灌浆套筒连接的预制桥墩抗震性能研究

为探究墩台处采用大直径灌浆套筒连接的预制装配式桥墩抗震性能,进行拟静力试验及有限元分析。设计、制作2个采用大直径灌浆套筒(主筋直径40 mm)连接的预制装配式桥墩(预制桥墩)及1个现浇桥墩开展拟静力试验,对2类试件的试验现象、破坏形态、滞回曲线和承载能力进行对比分析,并采用有限元法对预制桥墩混凝土、套筒及连接钢筋的受力性能进行研究。试验结果表明:在水平循环荷载作用下,预制桥墩与现浇桥墩一致表现为弯剪破坏,但墩底区域破坏形式不同,现浇桥墩主要表现为柱脚混凝土大面积压碎,而预制桥墩的破坏现象更为严重,集中表现为套筒四周混凝土成块压碎剥落;相较于现浇桥墩,预制桥墩的承载能力平均值偏小5.2%,位移延性系数平均值偏小2.7%,预制桥墩力学性能与现浇桥墩相当。有限元分析结果表明:预制桥墩会在套筒顶部和桥墩底部出现2个塑性区,且预制桥墩中大直径灌浆套筒的受力状态以轴向受力为主,按照轴向受力进行套筒设计可满足其在桥墩结构中的受力要求;预制桥墩在墩底混凝土破坏后,其主筋和灌浆料仍保持可靠粘结,采用大直径灌浆套筒连接的预制桥墩抗震性能良好。

大掺量废玻璃混凝土受压基本力学性能研究

废玻璃掺入混凝土中有助于解决直接填埋废玻璃造成的环境污染问题,且具有改善混凝土性能的作用。选取粒径为1072μm的废玻璃颗粒和粒径为13μm的废玻璃粉分别大掺量替代混凝土中的砂和水泥,制备废玻璃细骨料混凝土和废玻璃掺合料混凝土,对两种混凝土进行流动性和抗压强度试验,研究废玻璃混凝土单轴受压应力-应变关系变化规律和破坏形态,并利用ABAQUS有限元软件模拟两种废玻璃混凝土棱柱体受压破坏过程。研究结果表明:废玻璃细骨料混凝土和废玻璃掺合料混凝土流动性均随废玻璃取代率的增加而增强;废玻璃细骨料混凝土的力学性能在废玻璃取代率为15%时达到最佳;随着废玻璃取代率的增加,废玻璃掺合料混凝土抗压性能大幅减弱;利用过镇海模型计算得到的两种混凝土单轴受压应力-应变关系曲线与试验曲线吻合较好;有限元模型能够较好地模拟两种废玻璃混凝土棱柱体单轴受压破坏过程。

煤矸石骨料混凝土力学和耐久性能研究进展

煤矸石作为我国最多的工业固体废弃物之一,大量煤矸石露天堆放给生态环境带来巨大压力,若将其加工制备成混凝土骨料,既可解决对环境的污染,还可弥补天然砂石资源的短缺,符合绿色可持续发展理念。煤矸石骨料存在薄弱组分较多、均匀程度差等问题,这会对煤矸石混凝土性能产生较大的负面影响。本文总结了煤矸石骨料的基本特性,分析了混凝土用煤矸石骨料存在的主要问题。基于煤矸石存在的问题,本文阐述了提升煤矸石骨料性能的技术途径(如表面裹浆技术、热活化处理技术和微生物矿化技术),综述了煤矸石骨料对混凝土力学及耐久性能的影响,并提出了改善其性能的方法,以期为煤矸石骨料在混凝土中高效资源化利用提供理论和技术支持。

全函数型线性回归模型参数的可分解性检验

本文提出一个可以用于检验函数型线性回归模型参数可分解性的方法.在参数的可分解性条件下,形成了一个新的函数型线性模型结构,此模型结构不仅降低全函数型线性模型的复杂度,还有利于对数据进行解释.构造的检验统计量主要基于模型参数在可分解结构与不可分解结构距离的范数.理论上证明了检验统计量在原假设和备择假设下的大样本性质.借助于Wild Bootstrap的重抽样技术,通过具体的模拟例子和实际数据分析来验证此检验方法的有效性.

大应变切削中切削速度对纯铜纳米晶切屑微结构及性能的影响

大应变切削通过使工件材料受到刀刃的剪切和前刀面的挤压产生剧烈塑性变形从而形成高强度的超细晶切屑。采用有限元软件Deform-3D对纯铜进行大应变切削模拟,分析20°与-20°刀具前角下,切削速度对等效应变、等效应变速率和切削温度的影响规律。通过大应变切削试验,借助电子背散射衍射(EBSD)技术和维氏硬度检测等手段,对不同切削速度下纯铜切屑微观组织和力学性能进行了研究。实验结果表明:在正负前角下,随着切削速度增大,等效应变降低,等效应变速率和切削温度上升,且等效应变速率和切削温度受切削速度的影响更大;-20°刀具下得到的切屑晶粒尺寸主要分布在0.35μm以下,位错密度有明显下降趋势,硬度值由162.8HV减少至114.8HV,20°刀具下得到的晶粒尺寸主要分布在(0.2~0.6)μm之间,位错密度变化较小。硬度值由163.8HV减少至146.8HV;相比正前角,切削速度对负前角刀具制备的超细晶切屑在晶粒尺寸、位错密度和硬度方面具有更加剧烈的影响。

基于热模拟试验机的大试样平面应变技术

使用热模拟试验机对大试样低碳钢进行了平面应变压缩热模拟试验,并对其各道次应力-应变曲线及相变温度进行分析,获得了低碳钢变形区的显微组织演变规律。通过调整热模拟试验机的参数,确保大试样在升温、保温和降温过程中保持温度稳定。结果表明:在保温阶段,试样的均温区尺寸(长度×宽度×高度)为30 mm×30 mm×20 mm,温差约为20℃,满足平面应变压缩试验对试样均温性的要求;压缩变形后试样的宽展较小,试样中间区域的显微组织相对均匀,力学性能较稳定。采用热模拟试验机的平面应变技术可以较好地模拟低碳钢压缩变形时的平面应变状态,实现同时分析材料的显微组织和力学性能。

土石混合料剪切力学特性的精细化离散元分析

研究目的:土石混合料具有非均质、非均匀、非连续、显著的结构效应等特点,其物理力学性质十分复杂。为探究含石量对土石混合料剪切力学特性的影响,本文基于真实块石形状,提出了块石逆向重构的数字图像法,建立了土石混合料离散元数值模型,并在此基础上开展了6种含石量试样在4种不同法向应力下的三维离散元直剪试验。研究结论:(1)剪应力-剪切位移曲线主要经历弹性阶段、初始屈服阶段、峰值强度阶段、残余强度阶段四个阶段;(2)在剪切过程中,块石转动存在明显的“齿轮带动效应”,土颗粒运动具有明显的“绕石”现象,颗粒的运动呈明显的漩涡状;(3)力链主要沿着剪切力和法向力的夹角方向分布,随着含石量的增大,力链偏向水平剪切方向的角度越大;(4)剪切面演化主要经历微裂隙阶段、剪切面贯通阶段、剪切带扩宽阶段,剪切带宽度随含石量增加而增加,且逐渐向逆时针方向偏转;(5)土石混合料抗剪强度随含石量的增大而增大,通过拟合发现,黏聚力和内摩擦角均与含石量呈指数函数关系;(6)本研究成果可为土石混合料相关工程设计和施工中的力学参数取值提供参考。