Overexpression of Sirt6 ameliorates sleep deprivation induced-cognitive impairment by modulating glutamatergic neuron function

Sleep benefits the restoration of energy metabolism and thereby suppo rts neuronal plasticity and cognitive behaviors.Sirt6 is a NAD+-dependent protein deacetylase that has been recognized as an essential regulator of energy metabolism because it modulates various transcriptional regulators and metabolic enzymes.The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of Sirt6 on cerebral function after chronic sleep deprivation(CSD).We assigned C57BL/6J mice to control or two CSD groups and subjected them to AAV2/9-CMV-EGFP or AAV2/9-CMV-Sirt6-EGFP infection in the prelimbic cortex(PrL).We then assessed cerebral functional connectivity(FC) using resting-state functional MRI,neuron/astrocyte metabolism using a metabolic kinetics analysis;dendritic spine densities using sparse-labeling;and miniature excitato ry postsynaptic currents(mEPSCs) and action potential(AP) firing rates using whole-cell patchclamp recordings.In addition,we evaluated cognition via a comprehensive set of behavioral tests.Compared with controls,Sirt6 was significantly decreased(P<0.05) in the PrL after CSD,accompanied by cognitive deficits and decreased FC between the PrL and accumbens nucleus,piriform cortex,motor co rtex,somatosensory co rtex,olfactory tubercle,insular cortex,and cerebellum.Sirt6 ove rexpression reve rsed CSD-induced cognitive impairment and reduced FC.Our analysis of metabolic kinetics using [1-13C] glucose and [2-13C] acetate showed that CSD reduced neuronal Glu4and GABA2synthesis,which could be fully restored via forced Sirt6 expression.Furthermore,Sirt6 ove rexpression reversed CSD-induced decreases in AP firing rates as well as the frequency and amplitude of mEPSCs in PrL pyramidal neurons.These data indicate that Sirt6 can improve cognitive impairment after CSD by regulating the PrL-associated FC network,neuronal glucose metabolism,and glutamatergic neurotransmission.Thus,Sirt6 activation may have potential as a novel strategy for treating sleep disorder-related diseases.

Effects of Impaired Glucose Metabolism on Heart Rate Variability and Blood Pessure Variability in Essential Hpertensive Patients

To investigate the effects of impaired glucose metabolism （IGM） on cardiovascular autonomic nervous systems in essential hypertensive （EH） patients by comparing heart rate variability （HRV） and blood pressure variability （BPV） in EH patients with or without type 2 diabetes mellitus （T2DM）. Simultaneous 24-h recordings of ambulatory ECG and blood pressure monitoring were performed in 36 male old patients with simple EH and 33 male old patients with EH combined with T2DM. HRV analysis included time domain parameters such as SDNN, SDANN, SDNNi, rMSSD and pNN50, and total spectral power （TP） of HRV, which mainly consists of VLF, LF and HF component along with LF/HF ratio, was also obtained. The value of ambulatory blood pressure was represented as the mean blood pressure （mean systolic/mSBP, diastolic/mDBP and pulse pressure/mPP） during different periods （24 h/24 h, day time/d and night time/n）. Standard deviation （SD） as well as coefficient of variance （CV） of blood pressure during each above-mentioned period were obtained to reflect the long-term BPV. Our result showed that SDNN, SDNNi, SDANN, rMSSD, PNN50, TP and HF of HRV in cases of EH with T2DM were all significantly lower than those in simple EH subjects （P〈0.05）. No significant differences in VLF or LF was found between the two groups （P〉0.05）, while LF/HF ratio was significantly higher in EH with T2DM patients than in simple EH subjects （P〈0.01）. Moreover, dmSBP, 24 h-mPP and dmPP were all significantly higher in EH with T2DM patients than in simple EH subjects （P〈0.05）, while nmSBP, 24 h-mSBP, 24 h-mDBP, dmDBP, nmDBP or nmPP showed no significant difference between this two groups of patients （P〉0.05）. And dSBPSD, dSBPCV and 24 h-SBPSD were all significantly higher in EH with T2DM patients than in simple EH subjects （P〈0.05）, while the other BPV indexes showed no significant difference between this two groups （P〉0.05）. It is concluded that the cardiovascular autonomic nervous systems in EH patients was further impaired by T2DM, displaying lowering of HRV and enlargement of BPV, which in turn induced abnormal structural and functional changes of cardiovascular systems. Therefore, improving cardiovascular autonomic nervous systems might reduce the occurrence of cardiovascular complications in the EH patients with IGM.

The gut microbiota reprograms intestinal lipid metabolism through long noncoding RNASnhg9

The intestinal microbiota regulates mammalian lipid absorption,metabolism,and storage.We report that the microbiota reprograms intestinal lipid metabolism in mice by repressing the expression of long noncoding RNA(lncRNA)Snhg9(small nucleolar RNA host gene 9)in small intestinal epithelial cells.Snhg9suppressed the activity of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptorγ(PPARγ)-a central regulator of lipid metabolism-by dissociating the PPARγinhibitor sirtuin 1 from cell cycle and apoptosis protein 2(CCAR2).Forced expression ofSnhg9in the intestinal epithelium of conventional mice impaired lipid absorption,reduced body fat,and protected against diet-induced obesity.The microbiota repressedSnhg9expression through an immune relay encompassing myeloid cells and group 3 innate lymphoid cells.Our findings thus identify an unanticipated role for a lncRNA in microbial control of host metabolism.

Prevalence and risk factors for impaired renal function among Asian patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

Background:Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is associated with impaired renal function,and both diseases often occur alongside other metabolic disorders.However,the prevalence and risk factors for impaired renal function in patients with NAFLD remain unclear.The objective of this study was to identify the prevalence and risk factors for renal impairment in NAFLD patients.Methods:All adults aged 18-70 years with ultrasound-diagnosed NAFLD and transient elastography examination from eight Asian centers were enrolled in this prospective study.Liver fibrosis and cirrhosis were assessed by FibroScan-aspartate aminotransferase(FAST),Agile 3+and Agile 4 scores.Impaired renal function and chronic kidney disease(CKD)were defined by an estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR)with value of<90 mL/min/1.73 m^(2) and<60 mL/min/1.73 m^(2),respectively,as estimated by the CKD-Epidemiology Collaboration(CKD-EPI)equation.Results:Among 529 included NAFLD patients,the prevalence rates of impaired renal function and CKD were 37.4%and 4.9%,respectively.In multivariate analysis,a moderate-high risk of advanced liver fibrosis and cirrhosis according to Agile 3+and Agile 4 scores were independent risk factors for CKD(P<0.05).Furthermore,increased fasting plasma glucose(FPG)and blood pressure were significantly associated with impaired renal function after controlling for the other components of metabolic syndrome(P<0.05).Compared with patients with normoglycemia,those with prediabetes[FPG≥5.6 mmol/L or hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c)≥5.7%]were more likely to have impaired renal function(P<0.05).Conclusions:Agile 3+and Agile 4 are reliable for identifying NAFLD patients with high risk of CKD.Early glycemic control in the prediabetic stage might have a potential renoprotective role in these patients.

Ethanol exposed maturing rat cerebellar granule cells show impaired energy metabolism and increased cell death after oxygen-glucose deprivation

Alcohol, a widely abused drug, has deleterious effects on the immature nervous system. This study investigates the effect of chronic in vitro ethanol exposure on the metabolism of immature rat cerebellar granular cells(CGCs) and on their response to oxygen-glucose deprivation(OGD). Primary CGC cultures were exposed to ethanol(100 mM in culture medium) or to control ethanol-free medium starting day one in vitro(DIV1). At DIV8, the expression of ATP synthase gene ATP5 g3 was quantified using real-time PCR, then cultures were exposed to 3 hours of OGD or normoxic conditions. Subsequently, cellular metabolism was assessed by a resazurin assay and by ATP level measurement. ATP5 g3 expression was reduced by 12-fold(P = 0.03) and resazurin metabolism and ATP level were decreased to 74.4 ± 4.6% and 55.5 ± 6.9%, respectively after chronic ethanol treatment compared to control values(P < 0.01). Additionally, after OGD exposure of ethanol-treated cultures, resazurin metabolism and ATP level were decreased to 12.7 ± 1.0% and 9.0 ± 2.0% from control values(P < 0.01). These results suggest that chronic ethanol exposure reduces the cellular ATP level, possibly through a gene expression down-regulation mechanism, and increases the vulnerability to oxygen-glucose deprivation. Thus, interventions which improve metabolic function and sustain ATP-levels could attenuate ethanol-induced neuronal dysfunction and should be addressed in future studies.

Impaired ketogenesis ties metabolism to T cell dysfunction in COVID-19

Anorexia and fasting are host adaptations to acute infection, inducing a metabolic switch towards ketogenesis and the production of ketone bodies, including β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) 1-6. However, whether ketogenesis metabolically influences the immune response in pulmonary infections remains unclear. Here we report impaired production of BHB in humans with SARS-CoV-2-induced but not influenza-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). CD4^(+) T cell function is impaired in COVID-19 and BHB promotes both survival and production of Interferon-γ from CD4^(+) T cells. Using metabolic tracing analysis, we uncovered that BHB provides an alternative carbon source to fuel oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and the production of bioenergetic amino acids and glutathione, which is important for maintaining the redox balance. T cells from patients with SARS-CoV-2-induced ARDS were exhausted and skewed towards glycolysis, but can be metabolically reprogrammed by BHB to perform OXPHOS, thereby increasing their functionality.

Impaired fasting glucose:Pro-diabetic,“atheroprotective”and modified by metabolic syndrome

AIM:To investigate whether impaired fasting glucose(IFG)confers cardiovascular risk.METHODS:A non-diabetic population-based sample representative of middle-aged and elderly Turks was studied at 8.5 years’follow-up for incident diabetes and coronary heart disease(CHD).Metabolic syndrome(MetS)was defined by ATP-Ⅲcriteria modifiedfor male abdominal obesity,and IFG and type 2 diabetes were identified by criteria of the American Diabetes Association.Stratification by presence of MetS was used.Outcomes were predicted providing estimates for hazard ratio(HR)obtained by use of Cox proportional hazards regression analysis in models that controlled for potential confounders.RESULTS:In 3181 adults(aged 52±11.5 years at baseline),analysis stratified by MetS,gender and IFG status distinguished normoglycemic subjects by a"hypertriglyceridemic waist"phenotype consisting of significantly higher waist circumference,fasting triglyceride and lower high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol,regardless of gender and MetS.Additionally,lipoprotein(Lp)(a)tended to be lower in(especially female)participants with MetS.Multivariable linear regression in a subset of the sample demonstrated decreased Lp(a)levels to be associated with increased fasting glucose and insulin concentrations,again particularly in women.In Cox regression analysis,compared with normoglycemia,baseline IFG adjusted for major confounders significantly predicted incident diabetes at a 3-fold HR in men and only women with MetS.Cox models for developing CHD in 339 individuals,adjusted for conventional risk factors,revealed that IFG status protected against CHD risk[HR=0.37(95%CI:0.14-0.998)]in subjects free of MetS,a protection that attenuated partly in male and fully in female participants with MetS.CONCLUSION:IFG status in non-diabetic people without MetS displays reduced future CHD risk,yet is modulated by MetS,likely due to autoimmune activation linked to serum Lp(a).

Evaluation of glucose metabolism in women with multiple ovarian follicles

Objective ：To investigate glucose metabolism in women with multiple ovarian follicles （MOF） and explore the relationship between glucose metabolism, insulin resistance and body weight. Methods：We evaluated 46 women with MFO and 30 normal women as controls. All the subjects were given 75g of glucose orally in order to perform the oral glucose tolerance test （OGTT） and insulin releasing test （IRT）, and they were also evaluated for insulin resistance using the insulin resistance index with homeostatic model assessment （HOMA）. Results：The occurrence of impaired glucose tolerance in women with MOF was 10.87%, which was significantly higher than that in the control group （3.33% ,P 〈 0.05）. The rate of insulin resistance was 30.43% in the study group as compared to 10.00% in the control group. The results showed that there was significant difference between the two groups（P 〈 0.05）. The levels of FSH,LH,PRL,E2,T and P between the two groups had no significant difference （P 〉 0.05）. BMI in women with impaired glucose tolerance was correlated positively to insulin resistance （r = 0.567, P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion：Abnormal glucose metabolism was observed in women with unitary multiple ovarian follicles, and this could be attributed to obesity and insulin resistance. Women with MOF and associated obesity should be subjected to OGTT so that their glucose levels can be monitored as a preventive measure.

Exploring the Epigenetic-Metabolism Axis and Aging

In a recent study published in Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy(doi:10.1038/s41392-022-00964-6),LI et al.used artificial intelligence(AI)to uncover the mechanism behind the interaction between epigenetic alterations and metabolic dysfunction in aging.The team found that the epigenetic alterations of gene ELOVL fatty acid elongase 2(Elovl2)play a crucial role in regulating lipid metabolism,and that impaired Elovl2 function leads to increased endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondrial dysfunction,resulting in feature aging phenotypes at both the cellular and physiological levels.The researchers also found that restoring mitochondrial activity could rescue age-related macular degeneration(AMD)phenotypes induced by Elovl2 deficiency in human retinal pigmental epithelial(RPE)cells.Overall,this study reveals an epigenetic-metabolism axis contributing to aging and highlights the potential of AIbased approaches in structure-function studies.

加味黄连温胆汤治疗代谢综合征的临床疗效及其对认知功能的影响

目的:研究加味黄连温胆汤治疗痰瘀互结型代谢综合征(MS)的临床疗效及其对认知功能的影响。方法:选取2022年6月—2023年3月就诊于黑龙江中医药大学附属第一医院心血管一科门诊的MS合并轻度认知功能障碍(MCI)病人70例,运用随机数字表法将其分为两组,对照组采用常规西药治疗,观察组在此基础上联合加味黄连温胆汤。治疗4周后,比较两组病人治疗前后中医证候积分、体质指数(BMI)、收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、三酰甘油(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)、空腹血糖(FPG)、血清胰岛素(FINS)及胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)、蒙特利尔认知评估量表(MoCA)评分及不良反应发生情况。结果:治疗后两组病人中医证候积分、BMI、SBP、DBP、TG、TC、LDL、FPG、FINS及HOMA-IR水平均较治疗前降低,且观察组明显优于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后两组MoCA评分及HDL水平均提高,且观察组优于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组病人治疗中均未发生不良反应。结论:加味黄连温胆汤联合常规西药治疗可有效改善MS合并MCI病人的临床症状,调节糖脂代谢,改善认知功能,且无不良反应。

不同诊断标准下的代谢综合征与无症状心血管损害的相关性研究

目的选取无心血管疾病史的上海北部社区老年人群为研究对象,探讨无症状心血管损害与4种不同诊断标准判定的代谢综合征(metabolic syndrome,MS)的关系。方法研究选择1958例无心血管疾病史的老年人群,年龄66.5-73.1岁。MS的定义依据以下标准:2005年美国国家胆固醇教育计划成人治疗专家组第三次会议(National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment PanelⅢ,NCEPⅢ)、国际糖尿病联盟(International Diabetes Federation,IDF)、中华医学会糖尿病学分会(Chinese Diabetes Society,CDS)和中国成人血脂异常防治指南制定联合委员会(Chinese Joint Committee for Developing Chinese Guidelines on Prevention and Treatment of Dyslipidemia in Adults,JCDCG)。无症状心血管损害指标包括测定左心室质量指数、二尖瓣峰值血流速度/舒张早期组织多普勒血流速度、颈股脉搏波传导速度、踝臂指数、动脉斑块和尿白蛋白/肌酐比值。二分类Logistic回归模型用于评价无症状心血管损害与4种不同诊断标准判定的MS之间的相关性。结果(1)NCEPⅢ(2005)、IDF、CDS和ICDCG诊断标准判别的MS患病率分别为46.4%,37.1%,21.6%和28.7%。(2)未校正的Logistic回归分析显示,4种不同诊断标准判定的MS均与左心室肥厚、左心室舒张功能不全、动脉硬化和微量白蛋白尿显著相关(均P<0.01)。(3)在校正了年龄、性别、吸烟和早发心血管疾病家族史后,左心室肥厚、左心室舒张功能不全、动脉硬化和微量白蛋白尿与4种不同诊断标准判定的MS的关联仍存在(均P<0.01)。结论在上海北部社区老年人群中,不同诊断标准判定的MS与无症状心血管损害均密切相关。

APP17肽对糖尿病性脑病大鼠胰岛功能、脂代谢、神经炎症和认知障碍的影响

目的探讨APP17肽对糖尿病病大鼠血糖、脂质代谢、认知障碍和神经炎症因子的影响。方法将Wistar大鼠分为对照组、模型组(DE组)和低、高剂量实验组。除对照组外,各组采用链脲佐菌素诱导Ⅰ型糖尿病脑病大鼠模型。造模成功后,低和高剂量实验组分别灌胃给予0.05μg/kg和0.15μg/kg的APP17肽,对照组和模型组均灌胃等量0.9%NaCl,每天1次,连续灌胃2周。检测大鼠的血糖及糖耐水平;水迷宫实验分析各组认知障碍;酶联免疫吸附试验检测血清脂代谢和炎症因子TNF-a及IL-10;Western blotting检测各组鼠海马组织中突触和神经相关蛋白PSD95,NGF及及内质网应激相关蛋白eIF-2α,CHOP表达水平的影响。结果与DE组相比,APP17处理实验组小鼠的血糖及血清胰岛素水平明显降低(P<0.05);脂代谢脂代谢指标TC,TG和LDL-C浓度明显降低,HDL-C浓度增高(P<0.05);改善了大鼠认知功能和学习记忆能力;减少了促炎因子TNF-a及IL-10水平(P<0.01);增加了PSD95,NGF蛋白表达;抑制了eIF-2α,CHOP蛋白表达。结论APP17肽有效改善糖尿病性脑病胰岛功能,抑制炎症,缓解认知障碍。

补肾活血汤辅助VAD治疗多发性骨髓瘤肾损害临床疗效及对骨代谢、肾功能的影响

目的 探讨补肾活血汤辅助VAD治疗(长春新碱+阿霉素+地塞米松)多发性骨髓瘤肾损害的临床疗效,同时动态观察该治疗方案对骨代谢、肾功能的影响。方法 选择2019年1月—2021年1月88例确诊为多发性骨髓瘤且伴有肾损害的患者作为研究对象,采用随机数字法平均分为观察组与对照组两组:对照组给予VAD治疗方案,观察组在对照组基础上辅以补肾活血汤治疗。比较两组治疗4个疗程后临床疗效差异,与治疗前、治疗2个疗程、4个疗程后比较骨代谢指标、肾功能指标等差异。结果 观察组总有效率90.9%明显高于对照组75.0%,差异比较有统计学意义(P<0.05)。随着治疗时间延长,两组患者主症、次症及总积分均逐渐降低(P<0.05);治疗2疗程及4疗程后观察组主症、次症及总积分均低于对照组(P<0.05)。随着治疗时间延长,两组患者RANKL逐渐降低(P<0.05),ALP、OCN逐渐升高(P<0.05);治疗2疗程及4疗程后观察组RANKL均低于对照组(P<0.05),而ALP、OCN均高于对照组(P<0.05)。随着治疗时间延长,两组患者Scr、β2-MG、NGAL、KIM-1、Cys-C、尿mAlb逐渐降低(P<0.05);治疗2疗程及4疗程后观察组Scr、β2-MG、NGAL、KIM-1、Cys-C、尿mAlb均低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 补肾活血汤辅助VAD治疗多发性骨髓瘤肾损害的临床疗效更显著,可以更好地改善症状,更好调节骨代谢,更有效地逆转肾功能损害。

Isoform-and cell-state-specific APOE homeostasis and function

Apolipoprotein E is the major lipid transporter in the brain and an important player in neuron-astrocyte metabolic coupling.It ensures the survival of neurons under stressful conditions and hyperactivity by nourishing and detoxifying them.Apolipoprotein E polymorphism,combined with environmental stresses and/or age-related alterations,influences the risk of developing late-onset Alzheimer’s disease.In this review,we discuss our current knowledge of how apolipoprotein E homeostasis,i.e.its synthesis,secretion,degradation,and lipidation,is affected in Alzheimer’s disease.

上海市社区老年人认知功能障碍与脂代谢的相关性研究

目的探讨社区老年人认知功能障碍与脂代谢的相关性。方法2016年7月-2019年12月,纳入1156名来自上海市徐汇区枫林街道社区卫生服务中心、徐家汇街道社区卫生服务中心年龄≥60岁的老年人,收集其一般资料和实验室数据,完成MoCA量表,并由临床医师综合评估认知功能,进行一般统计学特征描述,单因素分析,多因素Logistic回归分析,研究认知功能障碍与脂代谢的相关性。结果认知功能正常组与认知功能障碍组的年龄、受教育时间、饮茶比例、红细胞计数(RBC)、血红蛋白(HGB)、空腹血糖(FBG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、载脂蛋白A1(ApoA1)、载脂蛋白B/载脂蛋白A1(ApoB/ApoA1)、总胆固醇/高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(TC/HDL-C)、非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇/高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(Non-HDL-C/HDL-C)差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示ApoB/ApoA1(OR=2.801,95%CI:1.4565.390,P=0.002)是认知功能障碍的独立危险因素。结论认知功能下降可能与脂代谢相关,ApoB/ApoA1升高可能是老年人认知功能障碍的危险因素。

从代谢重编程角度探讨糖尿病认知障碍浊邪害清病机

糖尿病认知障碍(DCI)起病隐匿,可进一步发展为痴呆,早期防治是关键。浊为机体代谢产物或者精微物质失其正化所生,是DCI的滋生土壤。糖尿病患者饮食不节,脾胃纳化失调,致精微失其正化,蓄积为糖浊,进而变化痰瘀、浊毒等,蕴结脑窍,损伤认知,此属浊邪害清。神经炎症是诱发DCI的关键因素,主要受代谢重编程调控。脂质和乳酸蓄积作为代谢重编程的直接结果,是导致神经炎症的关键介质,与血液高糖水平均属于中医浊邪范畴。糖尿病环境下代谢重编程,诱导脂质和乳酸蓄积,介导神经炎症,与浊邪害清病机的发展颇为契合。以代谢重编程为切入点,探讨DCI浊邪害清病机的现代生物学认识,为中医药防治DCI提供新思路。

血清铁死亡相关指标与绝经后女性认知障碍的关系

目的研究血清铁死亡相关指标与绝经后女性认知障碍的关系。方法选择2019年8月至2021年12月就诊于海军军医大学(第二军医大学)第一附属医院神经内科的女性148例,其中生育期22例、围绝经期11例、绝经后115例,比较3组女性的一般资料及血清铁死亡相关指标[谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶4(GPX4)、还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)、胱氨酸/谷氨酸反向转运体(Xc^(-)系统)、酰基辅酶A合成酶长链家族成员4(ACSL4)、活性氧(ROS)、脂质过氧化物(LPO)和丙二醛(MDA)]。根据蒙特利尔认知评估量表(MoCA)评分,将绝经后女性分为认知障碍组(77例)和无认知障碍组(38例),比较两组血清铁死亡相关指标,采用多重logistic回归模型分析绝经后女性认知障碍的影响因素,并通过ROC曲线评估影响因素对绝经后女性认知障碍的诊断价值。结果与生育期和围绝经期女性相比,绝经后女性MoCA评分较低(均P<0.05)。在生育期、围绝经期、绝经后女性中,血清Xc^(-)系统、GPX4、GSH、ACSL4、ROS、LPO及MDA水平均逐渐升高,3组间比较差异有统计学意义(均P<0.001)。与无认知障碍组相比,认知障碍组绝经后女性受教育年限短,血清Xc^(-)系统、GPX4、GSH、ACSL4、ROS、LPO及MDA水平均升高(均P<0.05)。多重logistic回归分析显示受教育年限(OR=0.785,95%CI 0.662~0.930,P=0.005)和血清GSH(OR=1.291,95%CI 1.087~1.534,P=0.004)是绝经后女性认知障碍的影响因素,ROC曲线分析显示两者联合诊断认知障碍的AUC值为0.764,灵敏度为0.750,特异度为0.676。结论绝经后女性血清铁死亡相关指标Xc^(-)系统、GPX4、GSH、ACSL4、ROS、LPO及MDA水平升高。血清GSH与女性认知障碍发生有关,其与受教育年限联合有望成为绝经后女性认知障碍早期诊断的潜在标志物。

糖脂代谢病发生非痴呆型血管性认知障碍的风险预测研究

背景随着我国人口老龄化程度的不断加剧,血管性认知障碍(VCI)的发病率逐年增加。非痴呆型血管性认知障碍(VCIND)是VCI最常见的形式。目前研究表明,糖脂代谢病会加速VCI进程且VCI的治疗侧重于控制危险因素,缺少糖脂代谢病发生VCIND的相关研究。目的分析糖脂代谢病患者发生VCIND的危险因素,构建回归模型并进行风险预测。方法选取2023年3—12月在广东省中医院脑病中心住院的糖脂代谢病患者410例,根据简易精神状态检查量表(MMSE)将患者分为认知正常组(MMSE>26分)和VCIND组(MMSE≤26分)。采用多因素Logistic回归评估中老年糖脂代谢病患者发生VCIND的影响因素,并构建糖脂代谢病发生VCIND的风险预测模型。采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评估模型的预测价值,计算ROC曲线下面积(AUC)。结果410例患者中认知正常组有209例,发生VCIND 201例。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,低文化程度[小学以下(OR=25.989,95%CI=5.656~119.427)、小学(OR=6.839,95%CI=3.919~11.933)]、Fazekas分级(OR=1.700,95%CI=1.124~2.570)是糖脂代谢病人群发生VCIND的独立影响因素(P<0.05)。根据多因素Logistic回归分析结果建立预测模型为logit(P)=-1.608+小学×1.923+小学以下×3.285+Fazekas分级×0.531,该模型的AUC为0.767(95%CI=0.721~0.813,P<0.001),灵敏度为0.726,特异度为0.756,约登指数为0.482;Hosmer-Lemeshow拟合优度检验显示,模型拟合效果较好(χ^(2)=13.404,P=0.099)。结论低文化程度、Fazekas分级是糖脂代谢病人群发生VCIND的独立影响因素。基于此建立的风险预测回归模型,预测价值较好,有助于早期识别糖脂代谢病患者发生VCI的高危人群。

家庭医生模式干预对糖耐量减低患者骨代谢的影响

目的:探讨家庭医生模式干预对糖耐量减低患者骨代谢的影响。方法:以2022年1-12月在上海宜川社区卫生服务中心体检的,符合纳入和排除标准的120例糖耐量减低患者作为研究对象,将60例采用家医模式干预的患者设为干预组,将仅进行电话随访的60例患者设为对照组。观察两组患者干预前和干预后6个月的糖代谢、骨代谢相关指标的变化。结果:干预组干预前空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白、自我效能评分、骨钙素、25羟维生素D、甲状旁腺激素、血清1型骨胶原N端肽、血清1型胶原交联C末端肽水平与对照组相比差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05);干预后6个月后,干预组空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白、自我效能评分、骨钙素、25羟维生素D、甲状旁腺激素、血清1型骨胶原N端肽、血清1型胶原交联C末端肽水平均优于治疗前和对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论:家庭医生模式干预可改善糖耐量减低患者的糖代谢和骨代谢水平,值得在临床中推广应用。

电针联合重复经颅磁刺激治疗缺血性脑卒中后轻度认知障碍临床研究

目的:观察电针联合重复经颅磁刺激治疗缺血性脑卒中后轻度认知障碍的临床疗效。方法:将106例缺血性脑卒中后轻度认知障碍患者按随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组各53例。对照组在常规治疗基础上给予重复经颅磁刺激治疗,观察组在对照组基础上给予电针治疗。比较两组患者治疗前后的美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分、蒙特利尔认知评估量表(MoCA)评分和脑卒中专门化生存质量量表(SS-QOL)评分,并检测两组患者治疗前后与病情相关的血清学指标[包括血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、可溶性血管内皮生长因子受体1(sFlt-1)、脑源性神经生长因子(BDNF)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、泛酸羧基末端水解酶1(UCH-L1)、神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)、神经元PAS结构域蛋白4(NPAS4)、丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)]和脑氧代谢指标[包括动脉-静脉血氧含量差(Ca-vO2)、动脉血氧含量(CaO2)、脑氧摄取率(CERO2)]水平,评价两组临床疗效。结果:治疗后,两组NIHSS评分均较治疗前降低(P<0.05),MoCA、SS-QOL评分均较治疗前提高(P<0.05);观察组MoCA评分、SS-QOL评分高于对照组(P<0.05),NIHSS评分低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组SOD、VEGF、BDNF水平均较治疗前升高(P<0.05),UCH-L1、TNF-α、MDA、sFlt-1、CaO2、Ca-vO2、CERO2、NSE、NPAS4水平均较治疗前降低(P<0.05);观察组SOD、VEGF、BDNF水平高于对照组(P<0.05),UCH-L1、TNF-α、MDA、sFlt-1、CaO2、Ca-vO2、CERO2、NSE、NPAS4水平低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组总有效率明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:电针联合重复经颅磁刺激治疗缺血性脑卒中后轻度认知障碍疗效确切,可减少氧化应激损伤及炎症反应,促进血管再生,改善脑氧代谢,修复神经及认知功能损伤,提高患者生活质量及疗效。