Vibration Control of a High-Rise Building Structure:Theory and Experiment

In this study,an innovative solution is developed for vibration suppression of the high-rise building.The infinite dimensional system model has been presented for describing high-rise building structures which have a large inertial load with the help of the Hamilton’s principle.On the basis of this system model and with the use of the Lyapunov’s direct method,a boundary controller is proposed and the closed-loop system is uniformly bounded in the time domain.Finally,by using the Smart Structure laboratory platform which is produced by Quancer,we conduct a set of experiments and find that the designed method is resultful.

Safety analysis of optimal outriggers location in high-rise building structures

This paper presents the restraining moments of outriggers acting on the core wall and the equation of the horizontal top deflection based on a simplified outrigger model. The deformation compatibility conditions between outriggers and core wall as well as the finite rigidities of outriggers are also considered. One case study was carried out to analyze the horizontal top deflection and the mutation of the restraining moments caused by the variation of outrigger location. The results showed that the method adopted in the paper is simple and reasonable. Some conclusions are valuable to the safety design of high-rise building structures.

Experimental investigation of turbulent flows around high-rise structure foundations and implications on scour

Many studies have been undertaken to predict local scour around offshore high-rise structure foundations(HRSFs),which have been used in constructing the Donghai Wind Farm in China.However,there have been few works on the turbulent flow that drives the scour process.In this study,the characteristics of the turbulent flow fields around an HRSF were investigated using the particle image velocimetry technique.The mean flow,vorticity,and turbulence intensity were analyzed in detail.The relationship between the flow feature and scour development around an HRSF was elaborated.The results showed that the flow velocity increased to its maximum value near the third row of the pile group.The shear layer and wake vortices could not be fully developed downstream of the last row of the piles at small Reynolds numbers.The strong flow and turbulent fluctuation near the third piles explained the existence of a longtail scour pattern starting from the HRSF shoulders and a trapezoidal deposition region directly downstream of HRSF.This laboratory experiment gains insight into the mechanism of the turbulent flow around HRSFs and provides a rare dataset for numerical model verifications.

Research of CBR, DM and smart algorithms based design methods for high-rise building structure form-selection

First, the high-rise building structure design process is divided into three relevant steps, that is, scheme generation and creation, performance evaluation, and scheme optimization. Then with the application of relational database, the case database of high-rise structures is constructed, the structure form-selection designing methods such as the smart algorithm based on CBR, DM, FINS, NN and GA is presented, and the original forms system of this method and its general structure are given. CBR and DM are used to generate scheme candidates; FINS and NN to evaluate and optimize the scheme performance; GA to create new structure forms. Finally, the application cases are presented, whose results fit in with the real project. It proves by combining and using the expert intelligence, algorithm intelligence and machine intelligence that this method makes good use of not only the engineering project knowledge and expertise but also much deeper knowledge contained in various engineering cases. In other words, it is because the form selection has a strong background support of vast real cases that its results prove more reliable and more acceptable. So the introduction of this method provides an effective approach to improving the quality, efficiency, automatic and smart level of high-rise structures form selection design.

Discussion on Construction Technology and Welding Deformation of High-Rise Steel Frame Structure

Because of urbanization,land resources in China’s cities has become increasingly scarce.Therefore,modern buildings are becoming taller,making high-rise steel frame structures the new favorite of the construction industry.However,the construction of high-rise steel frame structures requires advanced technology.If the construction technology is effectively implemented and the welding techniques of the construction personnel align with the requirements for high-rise steel frame structures,it can help mitigate deformations in the steel structure,thus preserving the overall construction quality of high-rise steel frame structures.To enhance the applicability of steel frame structures in high-rise buildings,this paper focuses on analyzing the optimization path for the construction process of high-rise steel frame structures.It introduces a tailored approach to control welding-induced deformations in steel frame structures,aiming to make a valuable contribution to the advancement of China’s construction industry.

Discussion on seismic design of high-rise building structure in China

With the rapid development of China＇s economy, the modernization drive and the process of urbanization continue to advance, land for urban construction is becoming more and tenser and land prices are rising steadily, there are more and more high-rise buildings, its density is also increasing. With the increasing number trend of high-rise building development, anti-seismic building requirement as an important part of architectural design is worthy of our exploration and study. Seismic resistance has become an important subject of engineering design. This paper will discuss the technical principle of seismic design in building structure design, so as to optimize the seismic design of high-rise building structure better.

Structural form selection of the high-rise buildingwith the improved BP neural network

As civil engineering technology development,the structural form selection is more and more critical in design of high-rise buildings.However,structural form selection involves expertise knowledge and changes with the environment which makes the task arduous.An approach utilizing improved back propagation(BP)neural network optimized by the Levenberg-Marquardt(L-M)algorithm is proposed to extract the main controlling factors of structural form selection.Then,an intelligent expert system with artificial neural network is constructed to design high-rise buildings structure effectively.The experiment tests the model in 15 well-known architecture samples and get the prediction accuracy of 93.33%.The results show that the method is feasible and can help designers select the appropriate structural form.

High-Rise Residential Reinforced Concrete Building Optimisation

In the last few decades structure optimisation has become a main task in a civil engineering project. As a matter of fact, due to the complexity and particularity of every structure, the great amount of variables and design criteria to considerate and many other factors, a general optimisation’s method is not simple to formulate. As a result, this paper focuses on how to provide a successful optimisation method for a particular building type, high-rise reinforced concrete buildings. The optimization method is based on decomposition of the main structure into substructures: floor system, vertical load resisting system, lateral load resisting system and foundation system;then each of the subsystems using the design criteria established at the building codes is improved. Due to the effect of the superstructure optimisation on the foundation system, vertical and lateral load resisting system is the last to be considered after the improvement of floor. Finally, as a case example, using the method explained in the paper, a 30-story-high high-rise residential building complex is analysed and optimised, achieving good results in terms of structural behaviour and diminishing the overall cost of the structure.

Flexible high-rise apartments with sparse wall-frame structure:A data-driven computational approach

Flexible housing resolves the fundamental conflicts between the long-standing structure and the evolving demands.We propose a computational method of optimizing the structural layout of high-rise residential buildings.Chinese high-rise apartment buildings have widely employed shear wall-frame structure in which one big room or multiple small rooms could occupy the same span.Fitting multiple floor plans into a fixed sparse scheme of shear walls and columns is feasible.We developed a computational framework to seek flexible structural schemes.A building scheme consists of a circulation core,shear walls,columns,and boundaries.The computer program automatically adapts floor plans to any drawn or generated scheme.Based on a large dataset of apartment layouts,the number of apartments that fit into a building scheme statistically reflects the flexibility of the scheme.If many hypothetical plans can fit into a wallframe structure in computer simulation,this structure could probably support several generations of unknown plans.Such a data-driven computational method provides the possibility of creating a one-to-many mapping between permanent structure and evolving apartment plans.

Research and Implementations of Structural Monitoring for Bridges and Buildings in Japan

This paper provides a review on the development of structural monitoring in Japan, with an emphasis on the type, strategy, and utilization of monitoring systems. The review focuses on bridge and building structures using vibration-based techniques. Structural monitoring systems in Japan historically started with the objective of evaluating structural responses against extreme events. In the development of structural monitoring, monitoring systems and collected data were used to verify design assumptions, update speci cations, and facilitate the ef cacy of vibration control systems. Strategies and case studies on monitoring for the design veri cation of long-span bridges and tall buildings, the performance of seismic isolation systems in building and bridges, the veri cation of structural retro t, the veri cation of structural control systems (passive, semi-active, and active), structural assessment, and damage detec- tion are described. More recently, the application of monitoring systems has been extended to facilitate ef cient operation and effective maintenance through the rationalization of risk and asset management using monitoring data. This paper also summarizes the lessons learned and feedback obtained from case studies on the structural monitoring of bridges and buildings in Japan.

The Structural Behavior of Low/Medium/High Rise Concrete Office Buildings in Kuwait

The main concern of this paper is to provide an extensive study for the structural behavior of low/medium/high rise office buildings aiming to deepen structure and architect designers understanding for such type of buildings. The study is performed on reinforced concrete and emphasized only on Kuwait city conditions for wind. Regular layout plan building with different heights ranging from five to fifty typical office stories are investigated in this study. Three dimensional finite element techniques through ETABS software are used in conducting analysis for structures presented here-in. A serviceability study is performed to ensure that buildings have sufficient stability to limit lateral drift and peak acceleration within the acceptable range of occupancy comfort. In addition, an ultimate strength study is carried out to design and verify that all the structural elements are designed to withstand factored gravity and lateral loadings in a safe manner according to the international building codes. The building slenderness ratio and the building core size and location are the studied parameters since they are the key drivers for the efficient structural design. Analysis results are presented and discussed and finally conclusions are summarized as guidelines for designers of concrete office buildings in Kuwait.

The Minaret of the Great Mosque in Algiers,a Structural Challenge

The Great Mosque in Algiers will be the third largest mosque in the world and its minaret the highest. The region has a high seismic risk. The project designed by a German team of architects and engineers is under construction and will be finished by 2016. Due to the minaret slenderness and to the special composite structure chosen to withstand lateral loading, the structural design faced some challenging aspects. The paper presents the design philosophy, some significant structural features and details of the minaret structure.

苏州某大型复杂商业连体结构设计

苏州某大型商业综合体项目位于7度抗震设防烈度区,为体型重叠建筑。通过5道防震缝将建筑整体划分为购物中心A区、购物中心B区、停车楼、商业街A区、商业街B区五个独立结构单元。购物中心A区为复杂连体高层建筑,1~5层采用框架-剪力墙结构,两个单体在3~5层中区由钢桁架相连,顶部(6层)钢桁架结构与两个单体通过成品球铰支座连接,形成强连体结构。充分考虑了周期比、位移比双指标平衡后对购物中心A区剪力墙布置进行了优化;屋顶钢桁架结构支座采用变刚度设计,局部设置滑动支座解决恒载下杆件应力比较高的问题。通过性能化设计,该复杂结构连体部位可以满足中震弹性、大震不屈服的性能目标要求。性能化设计及专项分析表明,影院钢结构具有良好的抗震性能、楼盖舒适度及防倒塌性能。

广州南沙国际金融论坛永久会址主体结构设计

广州南沙国际金融论坛永久会址属于大型复杂会议类建筑,具有大底盘双塔、钢屋盖连体、大开洞、竖向质心偏移、大跨结构等多项不规则项。介绍了结构重力体系和抗侧体系的选型思路,主体结构选用混凝土框架+屈曲约束支撑体系,外表皮采用空间钢结构。重点分析了单塔与整体结构的差异以及钢屋盖对下部双塔的影响。通过弹塑性分析,对大震作用下各个时程点的损伤水平进行评估,对大开洞的楼板进行了地震及温度作用下的楼板应力分析;对大跨桁架进行了抗连续倒塌分析。结果表明结构可满足大震不倒的要求,支撑承载力能充分发挥,大底盘结构具有良好的基座支撑特性。

非对称三塔连体超高层结构连廊施工方案研究

连体超高层结构属于大型复杂结构,时变特性显著。连廊作为连接各塔楼的纽带,其施工过程对整体结构安全性的影响较大,需要对其施工方案进行研究。以某非对称三塔连体超高层结构为研究对象,建立了该结构的数值模型。采用整体提升法和悬臂拼接法作为连廊的施工方案,分别进行了有限元计算,研究了不同施工方案下塔楼的竖向变形、连廊处各塔楼间的变形差、塔楼与连廊连接处单元的内力。结果表明:2种施工方案均不影响连体结构整体施工阶段的竖向变形规律。相较于整体提升法,悬臂拼接法将导致在连廊施工期间及竣工时刻塔楼结构产生更大的竖向变形、连廊处标高差及连廊连接处单元内力。整体提升法更适合本文研究对象的连廊施工。

BP-PSO-based intelligent case retrieval method for high-rise structural form selection

Modern architectures are developing in the direction of tall buildings and complex structures,and the theoretical analysis and the design experience have seriously lagged behind the construction of super high-rise structures.Structural form selection,especially the case based reasoning (CBR) based structural form selection,is a promising tool for the construction of high-rise structures.In view of the limit of cognitive ability of domain experts,a BP (back propagation)-PSO (particle swarm optimization)-based intelligence case retrieval method for high-rise structural form selection is proposed.The CBR-based case retrieval method and the construction of the BP-PSO neutral network are introduced.And then the BP-PSO-based case retrieval method is validated by some engineering cases.The results of training and prediction indicate that the proposed method has good ability to retrieve the cases of high-rise structures.

基于抗连续倒塌分析的某连体结构方案比选

通过预设连体部位结构抗震性能目标,关注连体结构方案的抗连续倒塌性能,详细论述了某大跨连体结构分别采用大跨度楼面钢梁、大跨度钢梁转换、大跨度空腹桁架转换以及大跨度实腹桁架转换等4个方案的技术、经济可行性。分析结果表明,大跨实腹桁架转换方案在材料用量及满足建筑需求等方面综合较优;大跨钢梁转换方案抗连续倒塌能力较弱,大跨度楼面钢梁方案次之,大跨度桁架转换方案具有较好的抗连续倒塌能力,通过在各榀转换主桁架之间设置横向联系次桁架,可进一步加强连体部位转换桁架的抗连续倒塌能力;连体部位结构采用多榀结构布置方案,符合“结构分区”抗连续倒塌概念设计要求,可有效控制连续倒塌范围。由于偶然作用的随机性、不确定性,抗连续倒塌拆除构件法的“构件”由重要竖向构件扩展到重要水平构件是必要的;对类似桁架等平面及空间结构类型,拆除构件法的“构件”进一步扩展到受力单元“构件组”更加合理。

某多塔连体高层结构抗震性能化分析

某多塔连体高层建筑由3栋高度不同的高层建筑和高位钢结构连接体组成,连接体与主体结构之间设置摩擦摆隔震支座,支座位移较大的位置设置黏滞阻尼器。对整体结构进行了考虑支座非线性的整体建模分析,并与单塔独立模型的模拟结果进行对比。结果表明:设计所选用的弱连接有效减小了连接体对主体结构的影响,设置摩擦摆隔震支座和黏滞阻尼器减小了各塔楼的地震响应。最后,对整体结构进行了动力弹塑性时程分析,研究了结构的位移和层剪力、摩擦摆隔震支座和阻尼器的响应以及构件的损伤变化过程。结果表明:整体结构、摩擦摆隔震支座和黏滞阻尼器、结构构件均满足预定的抗震性能设计目标,该多塔结构在罕遇地震作用下的弹塑性反应及破坏机制,符合结构工程抗震概念设计的要求。

一场六馆多塔连体结构抗震性能研究

福州市长乐区“三馆三中心”项目属于抗震不规则结构,为地下一层,地上建筑为底部6个独立单塔(四~五层)、顶部整体串联而成的连体结构。底部塔楼采用现浇钢筋混凝土框架-剪力墙结构,顶部两层连接体采用钢桁架结构。结构存在扭转不规则、楼板不连续、竖向构件不连续、尺寸突变等不规则情况,属于特别不规则结构。以该项目为例,基于抗震设计方法,采用YJK-Paco软件对模型进行弹塑性分析,对比了单塔模型和多塔模型的动力特性,分析了连体结构传力路径和特征;通过罕遇地震工况下时程分析,掌握了关键构件在大震作用下的工作状态,保证连体关键构件性能不遭受破坏。研究结果可为此类多塔复杂连接项目提供参考。

佛山某高层连体结构的设计与分析

在新科技时代的发展中,空中连廊[1]可以有效地解决各栋塔楼之间的连通问题,但由于其复杂的结构形式和受力分析的繁杂,计算目的除了要准确分析各塔楼自身是否安全外,还需把连廊和各塔楼结合起来考虑其整体受力。所以应对整体进行有效的弹性分析,本文结合佛山市的高层连体结构项目,利用MIDASBuilding及YJK软件进行小震弹性时程分析,YJK进行中震情况下的弹性分析,通过两个不同软件计算的结果对比,探索连体结构对各塔楼的影响和连接体自身的受力情况及其舒适度。计算结果表明:连廊的关键部位应采用两个软件计算所得的结果进行包络值设计,除此之外为了结构的安全性,还应在中震下验算连廊部位的破坏程度。而且连廊作为薄弱部位应进行专项分析,并采取板厚加大至250mm,配筋率不小于0.25%且双层双向拉通的加强措施。