Analysis of vascular plant resources and diversity in Fanjing Mountain,Guizhou Province

Fanjing Mountain Nature Reserve is located at the junction of Jiangkou,Yinjiang and Songtao counties in the Tongren region of Guizhou Province.Because of the topography and humid climate of the central subtropical monsoonal mountains,the plant species in this area are rich and diverse.The vascular plant resources and diversity of Fanjing Mountain Nature Reserve in Guizhou Province were studied through field survey,literature review and specimen identification.The results show that there are 284 species of vascular plants in the region,belonging to 205 genera in 93 families,mainly angiosperms.Liliaceae,Asteraceae,Polygonaceae,Leguminosae,Ranunculaceae and Polygonum have the most species,followed by Sedum,Dioscorea,Actinidia Lindl and Thalictrum.In terms of life types,perennial herbs are the most dominant,accounting for 68.47%of the total number of species,and annual(or biennial)herbs,shrubs and vine types also present.There are 222 species identified as medicinal vascular plants,accounting for 78.2%of the total number of species.The medicinal parts are primarily found in the whole herb category,followed by the root and rhizome category.

Safe conservation and utilization of peanut germplasm resources in the Oil Crops Middle-term Genebank of China

Peanut(Arachis hypogaea L.)is an important oil and cash crop in the world.Peanut germplasm collected in China are abundant,which provides important material guarantee for peanut breeding and industrial development.Here,the safe conservation technology and indicators of peanut germplasm resources in the Oil Crops Middleterm Genebank of China were expounded from three processes of storage,monitoring,reproduction and renewal.We summarized and reviewed the situation of conservation and utilization of peanut germplasm resources in the Middle-term Genebank in the past 20 years.The future research direction of peanut resources in the Oil Crops Middle-term Genebank of China is prospected.

PASTORAL HUSBANDRY AND CONSERVATION AND UTILIZATION OF RANGELAND RESOURCES IN XINJIANG,GHINA

1. Pastoral husbandry is the basis of animal husbandry in Xingjing Animal husbandry in Xingjing Uygur Autonomous Region is supported by the some57 million ha natural rangeland (Commission for Integrated Servey of Natural Resources(CISNAR), 1989). The rangeland provides feeds for the 33 million heads of grazing animals(48.698 million sheep units) in the region. Natural rangeland takes about 35% of the

Utilization and Management of Small Fishery Population Resources in Coastal and Offshore Areas of China

There are numerous types of living resources in coastal and offshore areas of China. In recent years,both the population type and quantity structure have significant changes,and the stock of small fishery population resources is increasing. This population is precious protein resource. It is urgent to study how to take prompt and effective fishing and take full advantage of processing,utilization and management. Traditional utilization methods are limited by many factors. The utilization efficiency is extremely low. The feed conversion rate of some mariculture fishes with fresh small trash fishes as feeds is even as low as 0. 2. Innovative production and management organization model with aquatic enterprises as leaders greatly increases the utilization efficiency of small fish resources with the aid of marine processing mother ship. In order to further accelerate developing and utilizing small fishery population resources in coastal and offshore areas,China should launch survey and utilization researches of small fishery population resources in coastal and offshore areas,formulate practical and feasible laws,regulations and policies,actively encourage and support autonomous innovative management mode of enterprises,and promote effective utilization and management of coastal and offshore fishery resources.

Analysis of vascular plant resources and diversity in Machin County,Qinghai Province

Machin County is situated in the Sanjiangyuan Nature Reserve in the southeastern part of Qinghai Province.Influenced by the special topography and climate of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,Machin County has complex and diverse plant species.The vascular plant resources and diversity in Machin County were studied through field survey,literature review and specimen identification.The results show that there are 47 families and 127 genera and 256 species of vascular plants in the region,basically angiosperms,including those containing more species of the family Asteraceae,Buttercup,Genus Ginseng,Leguminosae and Rosaceae,and those containing more species of the genus Artemisia,Artemisia,Aster and Donzonia.In terms of life type,perennial herbs are the most dominant ones,accounting for 77.34%of the total number of species,followed by some annual(or biennial)herbs and shrub types.There are 191 species of medicinal vascular plants,accounting for 74.61%of the total number of species,including 48 species of Tibetan medicine.In terms of the medicinal parts of these plants,whole herb category is the most common one,followed by the root and rhizome category.Based on the investigation and research,we have proposed the conservation and utilization of plant resources in Machin County,Qinghai Province.

The Human Dimension in the UNESCO Kogelberg Biosphere Reserve:Integrating Livelihood Issues of Small-Scale Fisheries with the Conservation of Natural Resources

Fisheries management worldwide struggles to strike a balance between protecting resources,ensuring fair access to resources and promoting economic effectiveness and stability.The transition to a participatory democracy in South Africa in 1994 resulted in the transformation of government institutions and an extensive process of legislative reform regarding

Comprehensive Development and Utilization of Saline Lake Groups in Dingbian,Shanxi Province of China

The Dingbian Saline Lake groups are in Dingbian County,northwest of Shaanxi province,and located on the border area of the Loess Plateau and Maowusu Desert in Northern Shanxi.It’s altitude is more than 1300m.The

Analysis on Resources Utilization of Thermal Power Industry

Based on the analysis and comparison of coal, oil and water consumptions in thermal power plants, thispaper introduces the present state of resources utilization in thermal power industry, and points out that the poten-tial of resources saving lies mainly in cutting down coal consumption and increasing the ratio of large-sized thermalunits. Measures and suggestions for upgrading resources utilization are put forward, such as to optimize coal-firedthermal power structure, develop cogeneration, clean coal combustion techniques and gas-steam combined cycletechniques. The existing thermal power plants shall execute technical retrofits and popularize water saving techniques.

Resources of Vascular Plants in Guangxi Lagou Nature Reserve

Based on plant investigation of Guangxi Lagou Nature Reserve, the result indicated that the vascular plants are abundant, represented by 1,078 species(including varieties, subspecies), belonging to 657 genera in 186 families. Among these plants found, there are about 88 timber plants, 358 medicinal plants, 36 oil plants, 70 fi ber plants, 29 starch plants, 25 fruit plants, 28 aromatic plants, 39 tannic plants, 12 health beverage plants, 49 forage plants, 75 ornamental plants, 23 soil-conserving plants, 43 rare and endangered plants. It's urgent to protect the plant resources, so suggestions about conservation and sustainable utilization of the resources were put forward.

上海市农业种质资源信息共享服务平台设计与应用

上海市农业种质资源信息共享服务平台是对上海市保护单位的农业种质资源进行规范管理和共享利用的服务体系。为了解决当前规模化和多样化的种质分散于不同保护单位,不利于资源信息共享与利用的问题,本研究根据农业种质资源库(圃)的工作流程研发了以保护单位、资源用户和主管单位为主要角色的一站式共享服务平台,为保护单位建立了管理系统模块,保护单位管理员可进行本单位的种质资源数据管理、资源共享信息发布、申请审核和利用成效管理,促进各保护单位种质资源数据的规范化和共享服务。为资源用户创建了申请共享和利用反馈机制,主要提供种质资源信息查询服务、申请利用服务、利用成效反馈服务等,可同时申请多个保护单位的种质。为主管单位提供全面调查的统计汇总信息,包括全市资源存量、资源分发利用、资源利用成效等信息,实时掌握资源共享动向和利用成效。种质资源信息共享服务平台将为保护单位、资源用户和主管单位提供便捷的服务,有助于提高农业种质资源保存与利用效率。

中东和东南大西洋渔业资源可持续利用灰色关联评价

为了解中东大西洋和东南大西洋渔业资源利用状况,根据FAO提供的1980—2019年两海域渔获量数据,采用灰色关联法,评价其渔业资源可持续利用水平。研究表明,1980—2019年,中东大西洋和东南大西洋渔获量总体呈相反的变化趋势,其中中东大西洋渔获量波动增长,而东南大西洋渔获量平稳下降,且前者累计渔获量是后者的2.2倍。中上层鱼类是最主要渔获种类,底层鱼类次之。其中,中上层鱼类渔获量分别占各海域的72.03%和67.31%,两个渔区总渔获量排名前二十鱼种均以中上层鱼类为主。灰色关联分析结果显示,1980—2019年,中东大西洋和东南大西洋的基于七大类别灰色关联度和渔获量排名前二十鱼种的灰色关联度值均大于0.7,属于高强度开发及以上状态。中东大西洋渔获量排名前二十鱼种的灰色关联值在2010年前后出现了大于0.9的年份,说明该海域正接近或正处于充分开发状态。东南大西洋基于七大类别灰色关联度和渔获量排名前二十鱼种的灰色关联度值大于0.9出现在多个年份,但主要出现在20世纪80年代和90年代,说明该海域渔业资源早期就接近于充分开发状态。中东大西洋海洋渔业资源开发正达到极限,其渔获量进一步增长的空间非常有限;东南大西洋海域渔业资源经过充分开发和严格管理之后,呈好转趋势,但仍处在高强度开发状态,未来其渔获量增长有限。研究结果可为中东大西洋和东南大西洋海域渔业资源的科学管理和开发利用提供参考。

兰州大尾羊遗传资源保护利用现状与建议

兰州大尾羊是经兰州人民长期选育和自然选择形成的与当地生态环境相适应的优良地方肉脂毛兼用品种,科学保护并合理利用兰州大尾羊具有重大的生物学意义、历史文化价值和社会经济效益。该文从兰州大尾羊的种群数量、研究现状出发,深入分析了该品种保护利用的优势和群体数量变化的主要原因,提出了保护利用的主要方向,为该品种的保护和利用提供理论参考。

昆仑山北坡区域高质量发展面临的问题、机遇与挑战

昆仑山北坡区域是新时代维护国家安全的重要战略部署区和“丝绸之路经济带”核心区关键通道,战略地位十分突出。但由于历史和自然的原因,该区域经济发展相对滞后。系统分析显示,昆仑山北坡区域目前存在的水资源利用上线偏低、水利工程建设严重滞后、城镇化进程缓慢、产业布局相对单一且缺少重要产业布局,以及区域高质量发展动能不足等问题,结合区域自然环境特点和发展机遇,提出加快构建经济带城市群体系,打造多产业协同发展的昆仑山北坡经济带,大幅提升水资源上线和水利工程管控能力,为昆仑山北坡农业提质增效提供水资源保障,系统打造昆仑山北坡农-林-牧复合基地,构建多元化食物供给体系,以能补水,提升资源综合利用效率,通过兵地优势互补、资源共享,加快推进昆仑山北坡经济带建设和高质量发展等建议。研究成果可为加快昆仑山北坡经济带生态安全和高质量发展提供科技支撑。

国内外滨海湿地旅游资源保护利用研究进展与展望

近年来滨海湿地资源的保护和利用逐渐被各界所关注,但作为重要的利用方式,缺乏旅游视角的系统性梳理和总结。论文通过检索Web of Science、Science Direct、Springer数据库和中国知网中相关文献,借助Cite Space文献计量工具,总结国内外滨海湿地旅游资源保护与利用研究的阶段特征、研究热点和研究内容。研究发现:国内外滨海湿地旅游资源保护与利用研究分为探索阶段、起步阶段和快速发展阶段。国内研究限于资源评价、资源开发、资源环境承载力、价值评估等方面,处于描述性分析和定量分析的初级阶段。国外研究内容较为全面,除对资源开发、资源管理、资源保护等领域进行广泛探讨外,更在气候变化影响、综合效益等领域取得系列成果。论文在总结分析研究理论和方法的基础上,着重从资源调查与评价、资源开发与利用、生态环境影响、资源管理、综合效益分析方面进行了系统梳理,并提出下一阶段应当重视调查评估与可持续利用、气候变化响应机制、社区参与和利益机制、价值转化机制和路径、创新研究手段和方法五个方面。

基于新工科的混合课程思政研究——以“水资源利用与保护”课程为例

新工科建设是为未来科技创新培养领军人才的战略举措,课程思政肩负落实立德树人根本任务,与新工科发展需求相吻合。结合新工科发展需求,践行“以人才培养为中心”理念,以全面提高人才综合能力为核心点,提出了基于混合式课程建设的思政改革策略,主要探究新工科的课程思政的目标要求、思政元素的挖掘、实现路径及考核模式等方面,以此探索“三全育人”的有机融合路径,为课程思政教学改革及创新培养模式提供参考。

基于利益相关者的海洋自然保护区管理有效性评价研究

海洋自然保护区管理有效性评价是发现保护区管理问题,分析成因,寻求解决方案和提升管理成效的重要手段。本研究基于利益相关者视角,以广东省两个国家级海洋自然保护区为案例,通过实地考察和半结构访谈,研究分析海洋自然保护区管理有效性。结果表明,我国海洋自然保护区涉及的利益相关者包括政府类、事业单位类、企业类、非政府组织类和居民类等,通过管理有效性评价发现案例保护区存在执法权缺失、人员编制不足、规划协调不够以及保护与渔民生产生活相冲突等问题,需保护区管理者与各利益相关者协同解决。建议完善保护区管理者评价与奖惩机制;将保护区管理指标纳入各级政府考评体系;完善科研机构与保护区科技合作和数据共享机制;促进社区公众等利益主体与保护区形成海洋保护利益共同体。通过推动多种利益主体相互协作,共同提升海洋自然保护区管理有效性。

水资源节约集约利用理论体系与应用实践

水资源节约集约利用是促进全社会节约用水、保障国家水安全、促进生态文明建设、助力高质量发展的重要举措。通过梳理水资源节约集约利用的提出背景及历程,深入剖析水资源节约集约利用的概念内涵,提出了水资源节约集约利用理论体系框架,包括基础理论、符合原则与研究内容。重点分析了水资源节约集约利用理论在节水型社会建设、水利高质量发展、人与自然和谐共生以及水资源刚性约束制度建设中的应用实践,旨在为我国现代水资源利用提供理论支撑和实践指导。

沿海国管辖范围内的海洋渔业资源保护法律制度研究

海洋渔业资源问题是制约海洋经济发展的重要因素,有效保护海洋渔业资源,实现海洋可持续利用的一大关键便是对近海渔业资源的保护。文章基于近海渔业可持续发展的目标,对沿海国管辖领域范围内所采用的主要渔业资源保护法律制度进行分析,讨论了国家的海洋管辖范围,并梳理了渔业资源保护法律的框架,在框架内研究了渔业资源养护制度,渔业补贴制度和禁渔制度。在分析中发现,虽然目前采用的渔业资源保护制度可以为鱼类种群的恢复产生影响,但仍存在制度设计不协调、囊括内容不全和长足影响较弱等问题。为改进沿海国家的渔业资源保护制度,从中国情况出发,作出了中国在世界海洋资源保护中的举措设想,以期为中国渔业资源保护制度的改进提供思路,最终实现中国海洋渔业的可持续发展,创造蓝色经济增长。

青海省牦牛种质资源及其保护利用现状分析

牦牛主要分布在青藏高原及其周边地区,作为少数能充分利用青藏高原牧草资源进行畜牧业生产的主要畜种,是一种独特且珍贵的遗传资源。牦牛养殖是当地牧民重要的生产和生活手段,保护与利用牦牛独特的遗传资源多样性对青海经济和生态平衡发展的影响不容小觑。但长期以来,相对于其它肉牛品种,有关牦牛良种繁育方面的研究较少,且重视程度不够,其生产发展总体水平低下,牦牛品种的退化导致个体生产性能不断下降,商品率低、经济效益差,因此,保护青海牦牛种质资源刻不容缓。本文就牦牛种质资源保护利用现状,探讨牦牛品种保护和利用问题提出相应对策,以期为牦牛资源的保护、利用、研究和生产提供理论支持。