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Conservation of T cell epitopes between seasonal influenza viruses and the novel influenza A H7N9 virus
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作者 Huawei Mao Hui-Ling Yen +3 位作者 Yinping Liu Yu-Lung Lau J.S.Malik Peiris Wenwei Tu 《Virologica Sinica》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2014年第3期170-175,共6页
A novel avian influenza A(H7N9) virus recently emerged in the Yangtze River delta and caused diseases, often severe, in over 130 people. This H7N9 virus appeared to infect humans with greater ease than previous avian ... A novel avian influenza A(H7N9) virus recently emerged in the Yangtze River delta and caused diseases, often severe, in over 130 people. This H7N9 virus appeared to infect humans with greater ease than previous avian influenza virus subtypes such as H5N1 and H9N2. While there are other potential explanations for this large number of human infections with an avian influenza virus, we investigated whether a lack of conserved T-cell epitopes between endemic H1N1 and H3N2 influenza viruses and the novel H7N9 virus contributes to this observation. Here we demonstrate that a number of T cell epitopes are conserved between endemic H1N1 and H3N2 viruses and H7N9 virus. Most of these conserved epitopes are from viral internal proteins. The extent of conservation between endemic human seasonal influenza and avian influenza H7N9 was comparable to that with the highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1. Thus, the ease of inter-species transmission of H7N9 viruses(compared with avian H5N1 viruses) cannot be attributed to the lack of conservation of such T cell epitopes. On the contrary, our findings predict significant T-cell based cross-reactions in the human population to the novel H7N9 virus. Our findings also have implications for H7N9 virus vaccine design. 展开更多
关键词 H7N9 influenza virus T cell epitope conservation clinical phenotype vaccine immunity
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A human antibody potently neutralizes RSV by targeting the conserved hydrophobic region of prefusion F
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作者 Chunyan Yi Caixia Su +15 位作者 Xiaoyu Sun Xiao Lu Chuanya Si Caixuan Liu Zhuo Yang Hong Yuan Yuying Huang Jing Wen Yonghui He Yaguang Zhang Liyan Ma Yao Cong Gan Zhao Zhiyang Ling Bin Wang Bing Sun 《Science China(Life Sciences)》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2023年第4期729-742,共14页
Respiratory syncytial virus(RSV) continues to pose serious threats to pediatric populations due to the lack of a vaccine and effective antiviral drugs. RSV fusion(F) glycoprotein mediates viral-host membrane fusion an... Respiratory syncytial virus(RSV) continues to pose serious threats to pediatric populations due to the lack of a vaccine and effective antiviral drugs. RSV fusion(F) glycoprotein mediates viral-host membrane fusion and is a key target for neutralizing antibodies. We generated 23 full-human monoclonal antibodies(hm Abs) against prefusion F protein(pre-F) from a healthy adult with natural RSV infection by single B cell cloning technique. A highly potent RSV-neutralizing hm Ab, named as 25-20, is selected, which targets a new site Φ-specific epitope. Site-directed mutagenesis and structural modelling analysis demonstrated that 25-20 mainly targets a highly conserved hydrophobic region located at the a4 helix and a1 helix of pre-F, indicating a site of vulnerability for drug and vaccine design. It is worth noting that 25-20 uses an unreported inferred germline(i GL) that binds very poorly to pre-F, thus high levels of somatic mutations are needed to gain high binding affinity with pre-F. Our observation helps to understand the evolution of RSV antibody during natural infection. Furthermore, by in silico prediction and experimental verification, we optimized 25-20 with KD values as low as picomolar range. Therefore, the optimized 25-20 represents an excellent candidate for passive protection against RSV infection. 展开更多
关键词 RSV human antibody potent neutralization conserved epitope somatic mutations affinity maturation
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Flu Universal Vaccines: New Tricks on an Old Virus 被引量:1
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作者 Ruikun Du Qinghua Cui Lijun Rong 《Virologica Sinica》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2021年第1期13-24,共12页
Conventional influenza vaccines are based on predicting the circulating viruses year by year,conferring limited effectiveness since the antigenicity of vaccine strains does not always match the circulating viruses.Thi... Conventional influenza vaccines are based on predicting the circulating viruses year by year,conferring limited effectiveness since the antigenicity of vaccine strains does not always match the circulating viruses.This necessitates development of universal influenza vaccines that provide broader and lasting protection against pan-influenza viruses.The discovery of the highly conserved immunogens(epitopes)of influenza viruses provides attractive targets for universal vaccine design.Here we review the current understanding with broadly protective immunogens(epitopes)and discuss several important considerations to achieve the goal of universal influenza vaccines. 展开更多
关键词 Influenza virus Universal vaccine Conserved epitopes Broadly protection
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