Energy conservation and emissions reduction strategies in foundry industry

Current energy conservation and emissions reduction strategies in iron and steel industry were reviewed. Since foundry industry is one of the major source of energy consumption and pollution emission (especially CO 2 ), issues concerning energy-saving and emission-reduction have been raised by governments and the industry. Specialists from around the world carried out multidimensional analyses and evaluation on the potentials in energy conservation and emissions reduction in iron and steel industry, and proposed various kinds of analyzing models. The primary measures mainly focus on the targeted policies formulation and also on clean and highefficient technologies development. The differences and similarities in energy conservation and emission reduction in foundry industry between China and other countries were discussed, while, the future development trend was also pointed out.

Life Cycle Assessment-based method of Excessive Commodity Packaging on Energy Conservation and Emissions Reduction

Based on a Life Cycle Assessment model, the effect of the whole life cycle of excessive commodity packaging on the environment was analyzed by eBalance Evaluation LCA software from production through circulation. The cost evaluation system and environment impact model of its three main processes, that is, material production, product machining and waste manufacturing, were established to identify the main environmental impact corresponding indicators and the influence on energy conservation and emissions reduction of excessive packaging life cycle. And packaging of moon-cakes was taken as an example to analyze the difference between the ordinary packaging and excessive packaging of moon-cakes in terms of life cycle assessment and costs analysis. Meanwhile some measures are put forward to conserve energy and reduce emissions.

Green ICT Impact on Energy Conservation and Emission Reduction

The direct and indirect effect of ICT on energy conservation and emission reduction is described. The energy consumption per unit GDP in the ICT industry is lower than that in other industries. The application of ICT in such fi elds as industrial design, manufacturing, management, logistics, sales and service can be helpful for energy conservation and emission reduction in the industrial and transportations industry; however, the issue of energy waste and environmental pollution caused by voluminous deployment of ICT products should never be overlooked. This paper presents the lat- est development of communications products in energy conservation and exemplifi es the roles of ICT in energy conservation and consumption reduction. The issue of electromagnetic radiation of ICT products and the recycling and reuse of e-wastes are explored.

Are energy conservation and emission reduction policy measures effective for industrial structure restructuring and upgrading?

The use of energy conservation emission reduction policies to promote industrial restructuring and upgrading and thus facilitate energy conservation and emission reduction is one of the 10 important strategies of environmental management in China. The use of energy conservation emission reduction policies to promote industrial restructuring and upgrading and thus facilitate energy conservation and emission reduction is one of the important strategies of environmental management in China. Based on the systematic collection of 1,195 energy conservation emission reduction policies, we discuss the influence of individual measure and measure synergy of energy conservation and emission reduction policies respectively. The results show that the energy conservation and emission reduction policies have a significant effect on the overall promotion of industrial upgrading. The financial measures and guidance measures have a positive impact;the financial measures and guidance measures have significantly positive effect; however, the administrative measures, fiscal tax measures, and other economic measures do the opposite; the positive effect of the synergy of guidance measures and financial measures is greater than the negative effect of considering only the synergy of fiscal tax measures and other economic measures, and significantly greater than the negative effect of the synergy of administrative measures, fiscal tax measures, and other economic measures. We should strengthen and emphasize the use of the measure that has positive effect on industrial structure restructuring and upgrading individually and synergistically.

China's Wind Power Integration and Benefits to Energy Saving and Emission Reduction

Based on the research of wind power development policies, this paper put forward the reform directions to improve the disadvantages of the policies. The wind power’s grid integration status quo is introduced, and the bottle neck of grid integration is analyzed. By the study on the economic benefits of wind power integration in China’s present stage, the results indicate that the wind power industry is in good condition of profits and the profits are higher with the increase of the wind resources in the areas. Through expanding the difference of the power purchase prices in different resource areas, it is beneficial for the nationwide harmonious development of wind power. At last, the present and future benefits of the energy conservation and emission reduction from wind power integration are estimated, which shows that the environmental benefits of "wind-thermal exchange" will be more and more outstanding along with the expansion of the scale of wind power.

Diamond Model Based Analysis on Cooperation between of Poverty Alleviation and Emission Reduction in Agricultural Counties: A Case Study of Huoshan County in Anhui Province

2020 is the year of decisive stage for building a well-off society in an all-round way.On the winter vacation of 2020,we went to Huoshan County,Anhui Province,an old revolutionary area,and conducted a social survey for nearly a month.Through interviews,on-site observations,and access to materials,we clearly found that the local party committee and government actively responded to the call of the state,practiced the"two mountains"theory,turned a poor and backward agricultural county into a national ecologically civilized and well-off county,and realized the coordinated progress of poverty alleviation and energy conservation and emission reduction.Starting from the government policies and rural facts of Huoshan County,a national ecological county,and using Porter’s"Diamond Model",our team used Huoshan County’s environmental advantages and disadvantages,economic prosperity and decline as comparison conditions,and analyzed external factors such as factor conditions,opportunities,related and supporting industries,government forces,etc.,to come up with pertinent recommendations for the development of agricultural county-level characteristic industries.

Analysis of Oxygen Consumption in Lead and Zinc Metallurgy

This article analyzes the role of oxygen in lead zinc metallurgy,including shortening the metallurgical process,promoting energy conservation and environmental protection,improving metallurgical strength,enhancing raw material adaptability,and enhancing comprehensive recovery efficiency.This article introduces different lead zinc metallurgical processes and their oxygen consumption characteristics,including oxygen enriched side blowing lead smelting,oxygen bottom blowing lead smelting,oxygen enriched top blowing lead smelting,flash smelting lead,oxygen pressure leaching zinc smelting,and atmospheric pressure oxygen leaching zinc smelting.It is pointed out that oxygen enhanced metallurgy is the direction for the transformation and upgrading of lead zinc metallurgy.

Policy Options for Sustainable Development in Urban Transport:Analysis of Energy Consumption and Environmental Benefit Influenced by Different Transport Policies in Beijing

Transportation is a sector with high energy consumption as well as high emissions.Generally speaking,economic growth will inevitably lead to the increase of travel demand and vehicle population,which in turn results into the augmentation of environmental and social costs.For metropolis like Beijing under rapid development,there exist various possibilities and options for transport development policy instruments.But there is no guarantee that they will be suitable for Beijing,although they are effective in their local places.This article assesses what kind of policy can most effectively improve the traffic conditions in Beijing in the future.After literature reviews on the practices of foreign policy and we established several feasible scenarios.Then,we used the Long Range Energy Alternatives Planning System(LREAP) analyzed their corresponding results of reduced energy consumption and emissions.Finally,by simulating and computing the realistic Beijing transportation scenarios,this paper scientifically assesses what kind of policy can most effectively improve the traffic condition in Beijing in the coming decade.

Green and Low-carbon Development Strategy for Large Energy Enterprises

Green and low-carbon development is the critical countermeasure to cope with climate change and to promote energy production and consumption revolution.China National Offshore Oil Corporation(“CNOOC”)has thoroughly implemented the requirements of the country’s ecological civilisation construction,highlighting the mission and responsibility of large central energy enterprises.Combined with the characteristics of its industry,CNOOC put forward a green low-carbon development strategy.CNOOC has put into practice the concept and practice of green and lowcarbon development by optimising the design of management systems,innovating energy conservation and emission reduction management and practice,promoting the construction of a green manufacturing system,and strengthening the supply of low-carbon clean energy.The main path and direction of the follow-up of the sustainable development are clearly defined.These practices provide a useful reference for promoting the transformation of China’s economic development mode to being more green and low-carbon,constructing an ecological civilization and development that is sustainable.

“双碳”目标引领下家庭碳账户体系的构建对策及建议

碳账户体系建设是践行国家“双碳”目标的重要路径。随着个人碳账户的不断完善,开展家庭碳账户的试点探索,有助于个人碳账户应用体系与碳市场的建立与完善。从家庭碳账户体系构建的背景及意义出发,通过文献调研与实证调查等方法,分析个人碳账户存在问题及对家庭碳账户体系构建的启示。研究结果表明,个人碳账户建设存在多平台重复建设及标准不统一问题、公平性与合理性问题、信息准确性与偏差问题、以及减排政策框架的有效融合欠缺问题。在“双碳”目标引领下,应设立家庭碳户主并建立家庭碳共济总账户,整合碳账户平台并完善家庭碳账户数据信息,创新家庭碳普惠模式,以构建并完善家庭碳账户体系,促进全民参与绿色低碳生态文明行动。

大庆喇嘛甸油田低碳示范区建设探索与实践

“双碳”背景下,大庆油田全力构建清洁高效的能源体系,打造千万千瓦级新能源基地。喇嘛甸油田结合特高含水开发及整装油田典型特点,依托资源优势,探索建设喇北北块低碳示范区。以全面能源调查为基础,明确将灰电与天然气作为替代目标,确定了“节能降碳、清洁替碳”两步走建设思路。结合油田用热特点,整体部署油田余热、地热、光热及电热多能互补方案,全面实施工艺流程再造、立体化节能、清洁热能替代、清洁电能替代。根据油田中部地区管网密度大、周边可利用土地多的特点,以最大发电量、最小弃电量为目标,整体优化风光发电建设布局和规模,以实现区域多能互补、供用能平衡及高替代率。低碳示范区将新能源技术与现有生产工艺深化融合,开展了先导性的储能、制氢、微电网、能源管控技术研究。低碳示范区预期2025年全面建成,清洁能源替代率将达到46.4%,将有力推动油田能源变革、绿色低碳转型。

双碳背景下场段设计与综合应用——以南宁地铁5号线那洪车辆基地为例

地铁场段作为城市大宗用地、大宗能源消耗的大户,其在落实碳达峰、碳中和政策方面具有十分重要的作用。为探究场段响应并实施双碳政策的技术路径,进一步厘清双碳战略下场段可实施的具体技术措施及效果,以南宁地铁5号线那洪车辆基地为例,以区域规划诉求、环境融合、智慧智能发展为导向,采取统筹规划、提前策划等手段,全过程采用双碳设计解决措施实现场段低碳节能。通过分析场段,可采取绿色生态体系建立、节能减排设计、智能化设计3个方面实现场段低碳节能。运营实践后表明,实施系列化双碳解决措施后,场段在节水、节电、节省人工方面效果显著,减少折合碳排放约23%,为后续城市轨道交通低碳节能提供有效参考。

企业集团对节能减排的影响研究——来自中国上市公司的经验证据

从企业集团这一组织视角,关注如何推进企业节能减排,对于中国企业绿色转型、国家“双碳”目标的实现有着十分重要的现实意义。基于“结构决定战略”的理论视角和资源基础理论,以2003—2020年中国A股上市公司为研究样本进行实证分析,结果表明:企业集团可以有效促进企业节能减排。进一步研究发现,企业集团通过提升绿色创新水平和改变成本结构促进企业的节能减排。分产权性质和地理位置进行异质性讨论,发现企业集团促进企业节能减排的作用对国有企业显著,中部地区大于西部地区,东部地区效果最弱。

共晶物相变蓄热材料制备及性能测试的实验设计

节能减排是当今社会的关注重点。利用共晶物相变蓄热材料在相变过程的蓄放热技术是实现太阳能、工厂余热等能源综合利用、提高能效、降低二氧化碳排放、保护环境的最有效手段之一。共晶物相变蓄热材料实验涉及原料配方及制备工艺、晶体结构及形成机理以及产品热物性能等专业内容,可设计为综合化学实验。该课题的实施培养大学生配方设计能力和大型仪器设备动手操作技能。

原料药减压蒸馏系统的共性问题及解决方案

深入分析了原有减压蒸馏系统存在问题及产生原因。在减少蒸馏罐和真空泵的前提下,通过合理设计系统的设备配置流程,选购新型换热设备,自制高效分离设备,提高了系统的冷凝(冷却)性能、气液分离性能和管道通量。有效利用真空系统的额定抽气能力,使蒸馏速度数倍提高、蒸馏温度明显下降,进而提高了产品产量、质量和收率。同时,提高溶剂回收率,降低水电汽冷和设备维保费用及人工费用,大幅降低三废排放和后续处理费用,节能减排效果显著。

“双碳”背景下热法黄磷生产技术研究现状及建议

黄磷支撑着我国磷酸盐精细化和有机磷化工的发展,是磷化工行业重要的基础原材料。热法黄磷生产高能耗、高污染、高碳排放,因此创新产业可持续发展模式,突破资源、能源、环境的多重制约因素,开发绿色黄磷生产技术是我国黄磷企业今后发展的必经之路。结合“碳达峰、碳中和”的时代背景,本文阐述了黄磷生产技术发展及副产物资源化利用现状,目前黄磷生产存在磷矿资源贫化、副产物低值化利用普遍、能源转型难度高、企业整体能效水平低、产业链链接关键技术不足等问题,提出加快推广黄磷尾气烧结中低品位磷矿成球技术、加大开发资源化增值利用技术、探索黄磷还原新技术、加强企业合作、构建多产业耦合的磷资源产业循环经济五条建议,旨在助力实现黄磷行业节能降碳、绿色发展。

炼化行业复杂性与碳排放之间的关系

炼化行业的复杂性与单位原油加工量排放的二氧化碳量(简称单位碳排放量)存在密切关系,探究二者关系可为炼化行业实现“双碳”目标提供理论指导。以中国炼化行业为研究对象,构建炼化行业炼化工艺单元拓扑结构模型,计算单位碳排放量和复杂性指数,对其进行分类并分析了产品特征和碳排放特征。笔者进一步分析复杂性和碳排放关系,并挖掘二者背后的量化关系,采用情景分析法对3种减排路径进行潜力分析,提出相应减碳建议。研究结果表明,炼化行业单位碳排放量随复杂性指数呈现先增加后降低的趋势。基于情景分析探究了不同减排措施下的减排潜力,发现简单炼油厂采用绿电唯一供给方案降碳率可达80%;复杂炼油厂和一体化炼油厂则应以碳捕集、利用与封存(CCUS)技术和绿电供给为主,辅以绿氢替代灰氢的降碳方案。

数字化发展、乡村建设与农村节能减排

基于2011—2020年中国30个省份的面板数据,采用固定效应模型和面板门槛模型,实证分析数字化发展对农村节能减排的影响及门槛效应,并从乡村建设视角揭示乡村宜居与宜业建设的绿色渠道作用。结果表明:数字化发展能够显著抑制农村能源强度和碳强度的上涨,有效提升农村节能减排成效;异质性分析表明,数字化发展在农业生产方面发挥的降能效应更为明显,在农村生活方面发挥的减碳效应更为突出;进一步分析表明,数字化发展对农村节能减排的作用存在倒“U”型的非线性影响特征,数字化发展能够推动乡村宜居建设和乡村宜业建设,进而为农村节能减排创造有利条件。据此,建议加快乡村数字基础设施建设,充分发挥数字化发展的环境红利;提升乡村数字渗透能力,培育农村绿色转型发展的数字环境;深入推进数字乡村建设,增强数字化在乡村宜居宜业建设的赋能效果。

“双碳”背景下我国低碳电力发展研究

在“十四五”规划中提出的“碳中和”以及“碳达峰”目标对电力行业各方面的发展产生了深层次的影响,电力行业向低碳方向转型已成为主流趋势。通过阐述低碳电力体系中的低碳电厂、低碳电网、低碳能源消费以及相关评价技术,说明了该体系在节能减排、环境保护方面有着高效、清洁、可循环的低碳属性。同时,分析了国际低碳形式变化对我国的影响以及“双碳”政策具体落实过程中的相关问题,为“双碳”战略的执行以及电力行业的低碳转型提供了新的科研思路。

我国化学纤维纺丝专件清洗技术的研究进展

为了提高对纺丝专件清洗技术的认识和开发,进而提升化学纤维的生产效率和产品质量,对国内纺丝专件清洗存在的问题进行详细分析,从物理、化学和复合清洗技术3方面出发,综述了纺丝专件清洗技术和设备在清洗质量、清洗效率和节能减排上的研究进展,总结了当前纺丝专件清洗技术的发展趋势,并指出加强纺丝过程中污垢物理特性的基础研究、复合清洗技术的应用研究、清洗标准的理论研究以及清洗过程中节能减排的综合研究是推动纺丝专件清洗技术不断进步的关键。