With the advent of the era of big data and artificial intelligence, new infrastructure construction(NIC) has attracted the attention of many countries. The development of NIC provides an opportunity to bridge the digi...With the advent of the era of big data and artificial intelligence, new infrastructure construction(NIC) has attracted the attention of many countries. The development of NIC provides an opportunity to bridge the digital divide and narrow the regional gap,providing continuous impetus to further promote economic development. Here, we considered 31 provincial-level administrative units in China(not including Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan of China due to data unavailable) and established comprehensive evaluation indicators for the development potential of NIC. Afterward, we used the entropy-weight TOPSIS model to determine the development potential of NIC and analyze its spatio-temporal evolution characteristics. Furthermore, the GeoDetector model was applied to explore the driving mechanism of the NIC development potential. The conclusions were as follows: (1) The Chinese NIC development potential is generally low. The eastern China was the region with the highest development potential year by year, while the development potential in the central China was found to be in an accelerating phase. (2) The evolution of the Chinese NIC development potential’s spatial pattern has been characterized by an inland extension and coastal agglomeration. Moreover, we identified a superior development zone, a rising development zone, an inferior development zone, and a declining development zone. (3) The scope of Chinese NIC development potential agglomeration areas has gradually expanded and its degree has gradually deepened. The range of high-value agglomeration in eastern area gradually expanded and its degree gradually deepened. (4) Investment in innovative talents appears as the core factor affecting the Chinese NIC development potential. Whether acting alone or synergistically with other factors, its promoting effect on Chinese NIC development potential is the strongest.展开更多
The macro complex of the construction industry is energy intensive. Solutions that enable the supply of this demand while meeting the principles of sustainability are needed. The construction of wind farms has been a ...The macro complex of the construction industry is energy intensive. Solutions that enable the supply of this demand while meeting the principles of sustainability are needed. The construction of wind farms has been a strategy employed by many countries to produce clean energy. An increase in the construction of wind farms has also been witnessed in Brazil. This calls for different activities, such as the design and construction of infrastructure. This article focuses on the design of internal medium voltage distribution grids for wind farms. The purpose is to find a radial configuration that connects a set of wind generators to the substation, in an optimum way, minimizing operational and construction costs, reducing loss and therefore contributing to sustainability. In large farms, the project design consists of a large combinatorial optimization problem, given the large number of possible configurations to be deployed. Finding the best solution for the internal grid depends on the criterion adopted for the objectives pursued. This article analyzes the different criteria that can be adopted in the design of the wind farm’s internal grid using a methodology based on genetic algorithm (GA). Its aim is to identify their influence on the solution of the problem and help decision-making by finding the most adequate criterion for the objectives pursued. The results show that the design of the internal grid is sensitive to the criteria adopted for the objective function. In addition, the degree of sensitivity is analyzed, showing that, in some cases, the solutions are not economically attractive and do not contribute to the reduction of losses.展开更多
The rural revitalization strategy is one of the“seven strategies”clearly listed in the report of the 19th CPC National Congress.In order to better promote the effective implementation of rural revitalization policie...The rural revitalization strategy is one of the“seven strategies”clearly listed in the report of the 19th CPC National Congress.In order to better promote the effective implementation of rural revitalization policies,it is necessary to give full play to the cornerstone role of rural infrastructure in rural revitalization.This paper first analyzes the supervision mechanism of agriculture-related funds,and then selects the rural development data of local governments in 30 provinces,municipalities,and autonomous regions from 2013 to 2017 as samples to regress and analyze the coupling relationship between my country’s rural infrastructure construction and agriculture-related funds.The study found that my country’s rural infrastructure construction and agriculture-related funds are positively correlated,and the greater the proportion of local finance in agriculture-related funds,the stronger the impact of agriculture-related funds on rural infrastructure construction investment.Policy recommendations such as the proportion of local finances are proposed.展开更多
Digital educational resources have become essential elements of modern educational public services.China’s national program on new educational infrastructure construction has proposed to take new infrastructure const...Digital educational resources have become essential elements of modern educational public services.China’s national program on new educational infrastructure construction has proposed to take new infrastructure construction of digital educational resources as one of the critical tasks.This paper aims to provide a theoretical basis for advancing the reform and development of digital educational resources in the new era.It classifies the current development and realistic challenges of China’s digital educational resources,and summaries and interprets the directions of the three construction projects of new type resources and tools,the resource supply system,and the resource supervisory system.It depicts the prospect of digital educational resource construction in the intelligent era in the combination of the strategic layout of the policies on new educational infrastructure construction.It also discusses such key technologies supporting new infrastructure construction of digital educational resources as multimodal learning analytics,disciplinary knowledge graphs,machine learning,and blockchain.It finally proposes a specific development path for new infrastructure construction of digital educational resources.展开更多
Since 2014, China has been implementing the Sponge City Construction initiative, which represents an enormous and unprecedented effort by any government in the world for achieving urban sustainability. According to pr...Since 2014, China has been implementing the Sponge City Construction initiative, which represents an enormous and unprecedented effort by any government in the world for achieving urban sustainability. According to preliminary estimates, the total investment on the Sponge City Plan is roughly 100 to 150 million Yuan （RMB） （$15 to $22.5 million） average per square kilometer or 10 Trillion Yuan （RMB） （$1.5 Trillion） for the 657 cities nationwide. The Sponge City Plan （SCP） calls for the use of natural processes such as soil and vegetation as part of the urban runoff control strategy, which is similar to that of low impact development （LID） and green infrastructure （G1） practices being promoted in many parts of the world. The SCP includes as its goals not only effective urban flood control, but also rainwater harvest, water quality improvement and ecological restoration. So far, the SCP implementation has encountered-some barriers and challenges due to many factors. The present paper presents a review of those barriers and challenges, oftizrs discussions and recommendations on several technical aspects such as control goals and objectives; planning/design and construction of LID/GI practices; performance evaluation. Several key recommendations are proposed on Sponge City implementation strategy, Site-specific regulatory fi＇amework and technical gmdance, Product innovation and certification, LID/GI Project financing, LID/G1 profcssional training and certification, public outreach and education. It is expected that the successful implemen!atiun of the. SCP not only will bring about a sustainable, eco-friendly urbanization process in China, but also contribute enormously to the LID/Gl research and development with the vast amount of relevant data and experiences generated from the Sponge City construction projects.展开更多
In view of the present situation thatthe construction of urban drainage facili-ties lags behind urban development,Chinais determined to quicken the constructionof water drainage facilities.According tostatistics,by th...In view of the present situation thatthe construction of urban drainage facili-ties lags behind urban development,Chinais determined to quicken the constructionof water drainage facilities.According tostatistics,by the end of 1990,467 citiesacross the country had a total of 58,000km-long sewage/pipe network。展开更多
Increasing the efficiency of resource allocation is the basis and guarantee for boosting high-quality economic development.Based on the panel data of Chinese industrial enterprises and cities from 2008 to 2013,this pa...Increasing the efficiency of resource allocation is the basis and guarantee for boosting high-quality economic development.Based on the panel data of Chinese industrial enterprises and cities from 2008 to 2013,this paper studies the influence of infrastructure construction demand shocks represented by local government debt expansion on the efficiency of sectoral resource allocation from the perspective of sectoral linkage.According to the empirical findings,local government debt significantly reduces the resource allocation efficiency of manufacturing sector that is highly related to infrastructure construction.This conclusion is still tenable after the robustness test using the simulated local government debt as an instrumental variable.Further mechanism tests show that there are two reasons for the decline of the efficiency of resource allocation in manufacturing sector that is highly related to infrastructure construction.First,more product demands and investments brought by the expansion of local government debt flow to less productive enterprises in the sector.Second,resource misallocation reduces the probability of high-productivity enterprises entering the market and low-productivity enterprises exiting the market,and the effect is more prominent in cities with high dependence on state-owned enterprises and high pressure on officials to be promoted.According to this study,the performance management of local government debt should be further strengthened,and particular attention should be paid to the influence of local government debt on enterprise investment and financing crowding out and resource misallocation.展开更多
As a key state along China’s“land and maritime Silk Road initiative”,Israel has many important features,such as a unique geographic location,a stable political and social order,a highly developed economic system,an...As a key state along China’s“land and maritime Silk Road initiative”,Israel has many important features,such as a unique geographic location,a stable political and social order,a highly developed economic system,and advanced sciences and technology.All these are of great value to China’s new Silk Road initiative and Israel can play a key role with China as a strategic partner.In the past more than 60 years,Sino-Israeli relations went through a long and twisty road.Since the establishment of diplomatic relations in 1992,the relationship between the two countries has been developing smoothly,but there is still a big margin to fill.In the new circumstance of China’s“land and maritime Silk Road initiative”,China-Israel relations can be greatly promoted through areas like infrastructure construction,people-to-people exchanges,economic and trade cooperation.展开更多
文摘With the advent of the era of big data and artificial intelligence, new infrastructure construction(NIC) has attracted the attention of many countries. The development of NIC provides an opportunity to bridge the digital divide and narrow the regional gap,providing continuous impetus to further promote economic development. Here, we considered 31 provincial-level administrative units in China(not including Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan of China due to data unavailable) and established comprehensive evaluation indicators for the development potential of NIC. Afterward, we used the entropy-weight TOPSIS model to determine the development potential of NIC and analyze its spatio-temporal evolution characteristics. Furthermore, the GeoDetector model was applied to explore the driving mechanism of the NIC development potential. The conclusions were as follows: (1) The Chinese NIC development potential is generally low. The eastern China was the region with the highest development potential year by year, while the development potential in the central China was found to be in an accelerating phase. (2) The evolution of the Chinese NIC development potential’s spatial pattern has been characterized by an inland extension and coastal agglomeration. Moreover, we identified a superior development zone, a rising development zone, an inferior development zone, and a declining development zone. (3) The scope of Chinese NIC development potential agglomeration areas has gradually expanded and its degree has gradually deepened. The range of high-value agglomeration in eastern area gradually expanded and its degree gradually deepened. (4) Investment in innovative talents appears as the core factor affecting the Chinese NIC development potential. Whether acting alone or synergistically with other factors, its promoting effect on Chinese NIC development potential is the strongest.
文摘The macro complex of the construction industry is energy intensive. Solutions that enable the supply of this demand while meeting the principles of sustainability are needed. The construction of wind farms has been a strategy employed by many countries to produce clean energy. An increase in the construction of wind farms has also been witnessed in Brazil. This calls for different activities, such as the design and construction of infrastructure. This article focuses on the design of internal medium voltage distribution grids for wind farms. The purpose is to find a radial configuration that connects a set of wind generators to the substation, in an optimum way, minimizing operational and construction costs, reducing loss and therefore contributing to sustainability. In large farms, the project design consists of a large combinatorial optimization problem, given the large number of possible configurations to be deployed. Finding the best solution for the internal grid depends on the criterion adopted for the objectives pursued. This article analyzes the different criteria that can be adopted in the design of the wind farm’s internal grid using a methodology based on genetic algorithm (GA). Its aim is to identify their influence on the solution of the problem and help decision-making by finding the most adequate criterion for the objectives pursued. The results show that the design of the internal grid is sensitive to the criteria adopted for the objective function. In addition, the degree of sensitivity is analyzed, showing that, in some cases, the solutions are not economically attractive and do not contribute to the reduction of losses.
基金This paper is supported by the Project of Zhejiang Provincial Department of Education(Grant No.Y202045208).
文摘The rural revitalization strategy is one of the“seven strategies”clearly listed in the report of the 19th CPC National Congress.In order to better promote the effective implementation of rural revitalization policies,it is necessary to give full play to the cornerstone role of rural infrastructure in rural revitalization.This paper first analyzes the supervision mechanism of agriculture-related funds,and then selects the rural development data of local governments in 30 provinces,municipalities,and autonomous regions from 2013 to 2017 as samples to regress and analyze the coupling relationship between my country’s rural infrastructure construction and agriculture-related funds.The study found that my country’s rural infrastructure construction and agriculture-related funds are positively correlated,and the greater the proportion of local finance in agriculture-related funds,the stronger the impact of agriculture-related funds on rural infrastructure construction investment.Policy recommendations such as the proportion of local finances are proposed.
基金funded by the Ministry of Education Humanities and Social Science Research 2018 Project“Research on the Supply Models of Digital Educational Resources and Performance Assessment”(No.18YJA880036)the Key Project under the National Social Science Fund of China in 2018“Research on Basic Education Equality Driven by Informatization in the New Era”(No.18ZDA334).
文摘Digital educational resources have become essential elements of modern educational public services.China’s national program on new educational infrastructure construction has proposed to take new infrastructure construction of digital educational resources as one of the critical tasks.This paper aims to provide a theoretical basis for advancing the reform and development of digital educational resources in the new era.It classifies the current development and realistic challenges of China’s digital educational resources,and summaries and interprets the directions of the three construction projects of new type resources and tools,the resource supply system,and the resource supervisory system.It depicts the prospect of digital educational resource construction in the intelligent era in the combination of the strategic layout of the policies on new educational infrastructure construction.It also discusses such key technologies supporting new infrastructure construction of digital educational resources as multimodal learning analytics,disciplinary knowledge graphs,machine learning,and blockchain.It finally proposes a specific development path for new infrastructure construction of digital educational resources.
基金We gratefully acknowledge financial support from the Beijing Natural Science Foundation Project （No. 8161003）, Natural Science Foundation Project （No. 51278267）, and the National Water Pollution Control Special Project （No. 2011ZX07301-003）. Several points and the contents in the manuscript are discussed with many experts during 2016 International Low Impact Conference in Beijing.
文摘Since 2014, China has been implementing the Sponge City Construction initiative, which represents an enormous and unprecedented effort by any government in the world for achieving urban sustainability. According to preliminary estimates, the total investment on the Sponge City Plan is roughly 100 to 150 million Yuan （RMB） （$15 to $22.5 million） average per square kilometer or 10 Trillion Yuan （RMB） （$1.5 Trillion） for the 657 cities nationwide. The Sponge City Plan （SCP） calls for the use of natural processes such as soil and vegetation as part of the urban runoff control strategy, which is similar to that of low impact development （LID） and green infrastructure （G1） practices being promoted in many parts of the world. The SCP includes as its goals not only effective urban flood control, but also rainwater harvest, water quality improvement and ecological restoration. So far, the SCP implementation has encountered-some barriers and challenges due to many factors. The present paper presents a review of those barriers and challenges, oftizrs discussions and recommendations on several technical aspects such as control goals and objectives; planning/design and construction of LID/GI practices; performance evaluation. Several key recommendations are proposed on Sponge City implementation strategy, Site-specific regulatory fi＇amework and technical gmdance, Product innovation and certification, LID/GI Project financing, LID/G1 profcssional training and certification, public outreach and education. It is expected that the successful implemen!atiun of the. SCP not only will bring about a sustainable, eco-friendly urbanization process in China, but also contribute enormously to the LID/Gl research and development with the vast amount of relevant data and experiences generated from the Sponge City construction projects.
文摘In view of the present situation thatthe construction of urban drainage facili-ties lags behind urban development,Chinais determined to quicken the constructionof water drainage facilities.According tostatistics,by the end of 1990,467 citiesacross the country had a total of 58,000km-long sewage/pipe network。
基金Major Project of the National Social Science Fund of China"A Study on the Division of Inter-Governmental Power and Expenditure Responsibilities in China"(16ZDA065).The authors are very grateful to the anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments,and take sole responsibility for the paper.
文摘Increasing the efficiency of resource allocation is the basis and guarantee for boosting high-quality economic development.Based on the panel data of Chinese industrial enterprises and cities from 2008 to 2013,this paper studies the influence of infrastructure construction demand shocks represented by local government debt expansion on the efficiency of sectoral resource allocation from the perspective of sectoral linkage.According to the empirical findings,local government debt significantly reduces the resource allocation efficiency of manufacturing sector that is highly related to infrastructure construction.This conclusion is still tenable after the robustness test using the simulated local government debt as an instrumental variable.Further mechanism tests show that there are two reasons for the decline of the efficiency of resource allocation in manufacturing sector that is highly related to infrastructure construction.First,more product demands and investments brought by the expansion of local government debt flow to less productive enterprises in the sector.Second,resource misallocation reduces the probability of high-productivity enterprises entering the market and low-productivity enterprises exiting the market,and the effect is more prominent in cities with high dependence on state-owned enterprises and high pressure on officials to be promoted.According to this study,the performance management of local government debt should be further strengthened,and particular attention should be paid to the influence of local government debt on enterprise investment and financing crowding out and resource misallocation.
基金This article is assisted by the project of key research institute in universities“History of China-Middle East Countries Relations”.
文摘As a key state along China’s“land and maritime Silk Road initiative”,Israel has many important features,such as a unique geographic location,a stable political and social order,a highly developed economic system,and advanced sciences and technology.All these are of great value to China’s new Silk Road initiative and Israel can play a key role with China as a strategic partner.In the past more than 60 years,Sino-Israeli relations went through a long and twisty road.Since the establishment of diplomatic relations in 1992,the relationship between the two countries has been developing smoothly,but there is still a big margin to fill.In the new circumstance of China’s“land and maritime Silk Road initiative”,China-Israel relations can be greatly promoted through areas like infrastructure construction,people-to-people exchanges,economic and trade cooperation.
