Penalty model for delay of bidding section construction period in South-to-North Water Diversion Eastern Route Project from perspective of programs

According to the multi-project and program management theory, this paper analyzes the program generation principle and establishes a program based on progress goals. On the basis of the present situation of calculation of penalty for delay of the bidding section construction period with the critical path method, we studied the effects of contractor-induced delay of the bidding section construction period in detail, including the effects on the construction period of the bidding section itself, the earliest start times of the next bidding section and other subsequent bidding sections, and the construction period of the program, and then constructed a penalty model for delay of the bidding section construction period from the perspective of programs. Using the penalty model, we conducted a practical analysis of penalty for delay of the construction period of the Baoying station program in the South-to-North Water Diversion Project. The model can help determine the amount of penalty for delay of the construction period in bidding sections scientifically and reasonably,

Nonlinear Program Construction and Verification Method Based on Partition Recursion and Morgan's Refinement Rules

The traditional program refinement strategy cannot be refined to an executable program,and there are issues such as low verification reliability and automation.To solve the above problems,this paper proposes a nonlinear program construction and verification method based on partition recursion and Morgan’s refinement rules.First,we use recursive definition technique to characterize the initial specification.The specification is then transformed into GCL(Guarded Command Language)programs using loop invariant derivation and Morgan’s refinement rules.Furthermore,VCG(Verification Condition Generator)is used in the GCL program to generate the verification condition automatically.The Isabelle theorem prover then validates the GCL program’s correctness.Finally,the GCL code generates a C++executable program automatically via the conversion system.The effectiveness of this method is demonstrated using binary tree preorder traversal program construction and verification as an example.This method addresses the problem that the construction process’s loop invariant is difficult to obtain and the refinement process is insufficiently detailed.At the same time,the method improves verification process automation and reduces the manual verification workload.

Program Construction Method for Sequential Statistics Class Algorithm Based on Bidirectional Scanning Induction

The program construction process is based on rigorous mathematical reasoning,which leads to a fully correct algorithmic program via step-by-step refinement of the program specifications.The existing program construction methods'refinement process is partly based on individual subjective speculation and analysis,which lacks a precise guidance method.Meanwhile,efficiency factors have usually been ignored in the construction process,and most of the constructed abstract programs cannot be run directly by machines.In order to solve these problems,a novel program construction method for the sequence statistical class algorithms based on bidirectional scan induction is proposed in this paper.The method takes into account the efficiency factor and thus improves the Morgan's refinement calculus.Furthermore,this paper validates the method's feasibility using an efficiency-sensitive sequential statistics class algorithm as a program construction example.The method proposed in this paper realizes the correctness construction process from program specifications to efficient executable programs.

建构主义视域下高校社会实践教学理念反思

当前高校社会实践教学以"经验认知"为导向,带有较强的形式化、精英化、功利化倾向,忽略了社会实践本身其实是一个知识生产建构的过程。切入建构主义视角,将高校社会实践教学的核心理念转换为更高层次的"研究",鼓励学生"像研究者一样"参与社会实践,是走出当前高校社会实践教学困境的有效思路。社会实践教学应该是建立在师生共同参与基础上的研究活动,教师和学生在社会实践教学中是处于平等地位的主体,两者在参与对话中形成的主体间性推动着社会实践活动的有效开展;"教(师)-学(生)-研究"三者在社会实践教学中形成了循环往复递进的关系,由此促进了知识的再生产与进步。这些思想为高校社会实践教学改革提供了一定的思维线索与策略依据。

建构主义学习理论在职校《程序设计》课程中的应用

建构主义学习在职校程序设计课程中的应用,是以程序设计知识的学习作为载体,把建构主义学习作为新的教学理念渗透到程序设计教学中去的过程。作为信息时代的教师应该把握好在建构主义教学中的角色,不断总结经验。积极探索职校程序设计课程教学的更有效的途径和方法,让学生可以更加自主和高效的学习。

如何让儿童更好地学编程?——佩珀特《儿童机器:重新思考计算机时代的学校》一书综述

佩珀特在《儿童机器:重新思考计算机时代的学校》一书中提到“学习能力”是面向未来最重要的能力,学习编程则是能够有效提升学习能力的途径。让儿童学编程的本质是锻炼儿童的学习能力,而为了让儿童更好地学编程,佩珀特认为应开发适合儿童的“自然”编程语言,并借助儿童喜爱的“对象”将编程延伸至电脑屏幕之外,还需秉持“助学法”、“建造主义”等教育哲学理念以从学习理论层面指导儿童编程教育。佩珀特指出,当关于学习的理念发生改变,形成基于计算机的学习文化时,“儿童学编程”将成为一件再自然不过的事,而这离不开学校、教师、教育研究者与家长的共同努力。