Molecular Reactivity and Interface Stability Modification in In-Situ Gel Electrolyte for High Performance Quasi-Solid-State Lithium Metal Batteries

Quasi-solid-state lithium metal battery is a promising candidate for next generation high energy density and high safety power supply.Despite intensive efforts on electrolytes,uncontrolled interfacial reactions on lithium with electrolyte and patchy interfacial contacts still hinder its practical process.Herein,we bring in rationally designed F contained groups into polymer skeleton via in-situ gelation for the first time to establish quasi-solid-state battery.This method achieves a capacity retention of 90%after 1000 cycles at 0.5C with LiFePO_(4)cathodes.The interface constructed by polymer skeleton and reaction with–CF_(3)lead to the predicted solid electrolyte interface species with high stability.Furthermore,we optimize molecular reactivity and interface stability with regulating F contained end groups in the polymer.Comparisons on different structures reveal that high performance solid stable lithium metal batteries rely on chemical modification as well as stable polymer skeleton,which is more critical to construct robust and steady SEI with uniform lithium deposition.New approach with functional groups regulation proposes a more stable cycling process with a capacity retention of 94.2%at 0.5C and 87.6%at 1C after 1000 cycles with LiFePO_(4) cathodes,providing new insights for the practical development of quasi-solid-state lithium metal battery.

Effect of copper on precipitation and baking hardening behavior of Al-Mg-Si alloys

The effects of copper on the ageing precipitation behavior of as-quenched and pre-aged AA6016 aluminum alloy were studied by differential scanning calorimetry （DSC）, Vickers hardness measurement and transmission electronic microscopy （TEM）. The results indicate that the addition of copper facilitates the growth of clusters （GP I） to the critical size during pre-ageing. Therefore, the addition of copper accelerates the transition from GP I （pre-β＂） to GP II （β＂） during final artificial ageing, and finally results in the favorable paint-bake response. However, the one with the copper level of 0.3% does not show significant baking hardening response as expected. Pre-aging can also reduce the detrimental effect due to natural aging of copper-containing alloys.

In-situ Observations of Engineering Geological Environment during Hydrate Production Tests in Deepwater

Gas hydrates are ice-like combinations of methane and water.The global inventory of gas hydrates appears to be very large.Recent estimates of the total amount of methane contained in the world’s gas hydrates range

Study on Biogenic Amines in Various Dry Salted Fish Consumed in China

This study was carried out to investigate the biogenic amines(BAs), physicochemical property and microorganisms in dry salted fish, a traditional aquatic food consumed in China. Forty three samples of dry salted fish were gathered from retail and wholesale markets and manufacturers, which had been produced in various regions in China. Cadaverine(CAD) and putrescine(PUT) were quantitatively the most common biogenic amines. About 14% of the samples exceeded the histamine content standards established by the FDA and/or EU. The highest histamine content was found in Silver pomfret(Pampus argenteus)(347.79 mg kg^(-1)). Five of forty three samples exceeded the acceptable content of TYR(100 mg kg^(-1)), and 23.26% of dried-salted fish contained high contents of biogenic amines(above 600 mg kg^(-1)). In addition, species, regions, pickling processes and drying methods made the physicochemical property, microorganisms and biogenic amines in dry salted fish to be different to some extents. The total plate count(TPC) was much higher than that of total halophilic bacteria in all samples. The biogenic amines, physicochemical property and microbiological counts exhibited large variations among samples. Furthermore, no significant correlation between biogenic amines and physicochemical property and TPC was observed. This study indicated that dry salted fish may still present healthy risk for BAs, depending on the processing methods, storage conditions among others.

Synthesis of derivatives of imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine:Novel sulfur contained side chains for macrolide antibiotics

Two series of novel derivatives of imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine were synthesized. These compounds could be used as side chains of semisynthesised ketolide antibiotics. The side chains have free amine group which can attached to ketolide core. Macrolides with this kind of side chains will show obvious activities against erythromycin-resistant strains. The structure of the side chains was confirmed by ^1H, ^13C NMR, MS, HMBC spectra. 2007 Ping Sheng Lei. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Chinese Chemical Society. All rights reserved.

Comparison of Nutritional Quality in Fish Maw Product of Croaker Protonibea diacanthus and Perch Lates niloticus

Fish maw(the dried swimbladders of fish) is ranked in the list of the four sea treasures in Chinese cuisine. Fish maw is mainly produced from croaker, which is the most highly priced. However, some of the fish maw being sold as croaker maw are in fact not from croaker, but from the Nile perch Lates niloticus. The present work determined and compared the proximate composition, amino acid and fatty acid composition of croaker Protonibea diacanthus maw and perch L. niloticus maw. The results indicated that both maws were high protein sources and low in fat content. The dominant amino acids in both maws were glycine, proline, glutamic acid, alanine and arginine. These amino acids constituted 66.2% and 66.4% of the total amino acids in P. diacanthus and L. niloticus, respectively. The ratio of FAA: TAA(functional amino acids: total amino acids) in both maws were 0.69. This is a good explanation for why fish maws have been widely utilized as a traditional tonic and remedy in Asia. Except valine and histidine, all the essential amino acid contents in P. diacanthus were higher than in L. niloticus. Moreover, croaker P. diacanthus maw contained more AA and DHA than perch L. niloticus maw, showing a higher ratio of n-3 / n-6, which is more desirable.

Levels of Serum Procalcitonin and C-Reactive Protein for Evaluating Pulmonary Bacterial Infection in Patients with Lupus Erythematosus

The severity of systemic lupus erythematosus（SLE） patients with pulmonary bacterial infection varies widely. We investigated the significance of procalcitonin（PCT） and C-reactive protein（CRP） in evaluating the severity of pulmonary infection in SLE patients. This retrospective study contained a total of 117 patients（107 women and 10 men） with SLE from January 2010 to June 2011. Serum levels of PCT and CRP were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The severity of pulmonary bacterial infection（PBI） was evaluated using the pneumonia severity index（PSI）. SLE patients with PBI, particularly those with bacterial isolates, had significantly higher levels of serum PCT and CRP than those without PBI. Serum PCT and CRP were not associated with SLE disease activity, but positively with the values of PSI in active SLE patients with PBI. Serum levels of PCT and CRP may be additional biomarkers in evaluating the severity of PBI in lupus patients.

Suppressing secondary reactions of coal pyrolysis by reducing pressure and mounting internals in fixed-bed reactor

Pyrolysis of Shenmu coal was performed in fixed-bed reactors indirectly heated by reducing operating pressure and mounting internals in the reactor to explore their synergetic effects on coal pyrolysis. Mounting internals particularly designed greatly improved the heat transfer inside coal bed and raised the yield of tar production.Reducing pressure further facilitated the production of tar through its suppression of secondary reactions occurring in the reactor. The absolute increase in tar yield reached 3.33 wt% in comparison with the pyrolysis in the reactor without internals under atmospheric pressure. The obtained tar yield in the reactor with internals under reduced pressure was even higher than the yield of Gray–King assay. Through experiments in a laboratory fixed bed reactor, it was also clarified that the effect of reducing pressure is related to volatile release rate in pyrolysis. It did not obviously vary tar yield at pyrolysis temperatures below 600 ℃, while the effect was evident at 650 and 700 ℃ but became limited again above 800 ℃. Under reduced pressure the produced tar contained more aliphatics and phenols but less aromatics.

ELECTROSTATIC PSEUDO LIQUID MEMBRANE SEPARATION TECHNOLOGY

Electrostatic pseudo liquid membrane（ESPLIM）separation process,developed recently in this laboratory,is a novel chemical separation technology.ESPLIM is an interdisciplinary technology evolved from thecombination of solvent extraction,liquid membrane and electrostatic techniques.It can be used to separate,purify and concentrate specific solutes from aqueous solutions.Therefore,it is suitable for the recovery ofvaluable metals from aqueous solutions in the field of hydrometallurgy（including nuclear fuel cycles）and forthe processes of waste water treatment.This paper discusses the basic principles of this new technology.Taking the extraction of Co2+by D2EHPA as an example,effects on metal extraction of electrical fieldstrength,extractant concentration and the flow ratio of feed to stripping solution have been studied.Exper-iments show that the once through extraction efficiency of Co2+can reach 99% while Co2+can be concen-trated up to 40—50g/L in the stripping solution.

A Suppressed Gene in Integument Cells of a Fiberless Seed Mutant in Upland Cotton

A fiberless seed mutant(fl)was identified in acommercial cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.)variety Xu-Zhou 142(FL).This phenotype isassociated with lack of fiber cell initiation in theouter integument of the ovule,as wascharacterized by analysis of genes related to

Contained local compression on peri-ascending aortic area for postoperative bleeding control:a case report

After type A acute aortic dissection(AAD)repair or modified Bentall procedure,uncontrollable bleeding from the anastomotic sites of the fragile dissected tissues or aortic root area is a critical situation to a cardiac surgeon.For postoperative care,lots of blood transfusion with strict monitoring on the patient all night and subsequent reoperation for the bleeding control is usually needed.We managed to make contained local compression of upper half of the heart,from upper part of the right ventricle to just above the innominate vein,using bovine pericardium with closing both sides of transverse sinus in two cases of uncontrolled postoperative bleeding(bleeding from distal anastomotic site in type-A AAD and valve sitting site in modified Bentall procedure).Even though reoperations for the removal of packed gauges were done in both cases 2 days later,postoperative courses at intensive care unit were very smooth with little need for transfusion.This kind of contained local compression trial could be a useful strategy for dealing with the malignant uncontrollable bleeding from the fragile aortic tissue or root area after acute dissection or aortic root repair.

Optimization of Protectant, Salinity and Freezing Condition for Freeze-Drying Preservation of Edwardsiella tarda

Novel preservation condition without ultra-low temperature is needed for the study of pathogen in marine fishes. Freeze-drying is such a method usually used for preservation of terrigenous bacteria. However, studies using freeze-drying method to preserving marine microorganisms remain very limited. In this study, we optimized the composition of protectants during the freeze-drying of Edwardsiella tarda, a fish pathogen that causes systemic infection in marine fishes. We found that the optimal composition of protectant mixture contained trehalose(8.0%), skim milk(12.0%), sodium citrate(2.0%), serum(12.0%) and PVP(2.0%). Orthogonal and interaction analyses demonstrated the interaction between serum and skim milk or sodium citrate. The highest survival rate of E. tarda was observed when the concentration of Na Cl was 10.0, 30.0 and between 5.0 and 10.0 g L^(-1) for preparing TSB medium, E. tarda suspension and protectant mixture, respectively. When E. tarda was frozen at-80℃ or-40℃ for 6 h, its survival rate was higher than that under other tested conditions. Under the optimized conditions, when the protectant mixture was used during freeze-drying process, the survival rate(79.63%–82.30%) of E. tarda was significantly higher than that obtained using single protectant. Scanning electron microscopy(SEM) image indicated that E. tarda was embedded in thick matrix with detectable aggregation. In sum, the protectant mixture may be used as a novel cryoprotective additive for E. tarda.

Genetical Study of Mutation in Maternal-fetal ABO Incompatibility

This study looked into a family involving a rare mother-child ABO blood type inconsistency and explored its genetic and molecular basis. In the family, the mother had type AB blood and the father was blood type B and they gave birth to a baby of blood type O. Their blood types were phenotypically identified by using different techniques, including micro-column gel test, immune inhibition test, absorption and elution tests. The sequences of all 7 exons of ABO allele from the core family members were determined by using PCR and clone-based sequencing. The loci of mutated gene were compared against normal human genes. The result showed that the mother＇s erythrocytes were agglutinable with monoclonal anti-A antibody（2＋） and had agglutination reaction with anti-B antibody（4＋）. The mother＇s serum registered agglutination action with standard blood type A cells. The findings showed an ABO inconsistency. When domestic antibodies were used, the mother＇s erythrocytes yielded agglutination reaction with humanized anti-B serum（4＋） and anti-B monoclonal antibody but were non-agglutinable with humanized anti-A serum and anti-A monoclonal antibody. Upon absorption and elution, the titer of anit-A antibody was 128 both before and after the absorption test, with no significant difference found between pre- and post-absorption values. Our results confirmed that the mother＇s allelic gene was type B and contained type A. The father＇s blood type was type B, and son＇s blood type was type O. Clone-based sequencing revealed that the mother carried a heterozygous gene of B101.01（nt A640→G）/O01, which contained an M214→V mutation that could express a weak expression of antigen A, resulting in blood type AB. However, their son did not have the M214→V mutation, which yielded a false ABO-inconsistency between him and his mother. We were led to conclude that type B gene with a M214→V mutation can encode both antigen B and weak antigen B that can lead to false ABO-inconsistencies.

Optimization of Fermentation Process for the Production of Bacteriocins from Lactic Acid Bacteria

[Objective]This study aimed to improve the yield of bacteriocins from lactic acid bacteria by optimizing the fermentation process for production of bacteriocins from lactic acid bacteria.[Method]By single-factor analysis,fermentation temperature,seed age,inoculation volume,fermentation duration and fermentation media p H were optimized to determine the best fermentation process.The inhibitory zone of bacteriocins from lactic acid bacteria was analyzed with oxford cup method,based on which the fermentation process was evaluated.[Result]The optimal fermentation process was optimized：fermentation temperature 37℃,seed age 14 h,inoculation volume 2%,fermentation duration 48 h,fermentation media p H 5.0.[Conclusion]Under the optimized fermentation conditions,the yield of bacteriocins from lactic acid bacteria was improved significantly.

浅谈herein型副词

在法律,商业公文或文学作品中,我们时常可以见到诸如 herein,there-on,whereby 之类的词,从意义上讲,这些复合副词中的 here 相当于 this,there 相当于 that,where 相当于 what 或 which。Now,therefore,in consideration of the premises and the mutualcovenants and conditions herein contained,the parties hereto agree as follows.(therefore=for that;herein=in this;hereto agree=agree to this)因此,考虑到这些前提,相互约定和本协议条件内容,双方同意如下:

A stability analysis for the sheared oil film contained by the boom

According to the observation in experiment of stability of the oil film, the assumption of velocity distribution for both the water flow and the oil film is introduced. On the basis of the assumption, Orr-Sommerfeld stability equation is applied to develop the method of determining the critical velocity of the oil film, and the criterion for stability of the oil film is obtained. Meanwhile, a formula describing the relation between the thickness of the oil film and the velocity of the water flow is also given and examined by the laboratory experiment.

The Author Reply

We thank Drs Lin and Jiang for their interest in our article and their thoughtful comments.The aim of heparinization is to prevent the formation ofmicrothrombus by blood coagulation.If the portal

n-IDEAL RINGS

The purposc of this paper 15 to study a new concept calledn-ideal rings.(n a positive integer greater than or equal to 2).Here we study and charaeterize them.Further we obtain conditions

Ore-Controlling Structural Features of Lead-zinc Deposit in Jinniuchang of Northeast Yunnan, China

1 Introduction Multi-metal contained Lead-zinc deposits in northeast Yunnan,China,is located in a joint place of the Circum-Pacific tectonic domain and Tethyan tectonic domain.This joint place is featured by complex geological structure,unique geological characteristic,and multiple lead-zinc mineral deposits,which are discretely and linearly distributed along the cracks of several main fracture zones.Most of the lead-zinc ores were filled into the